第九單元車輪第1課騎自行車

Unit9

Wheels

Lesson1OnyoubikeLookatthepicturesandidentifythesetypesoftransport交通工具planeballoonbicyclebuscarboatshipferry渡船

helicopter直升飛機(jī)lorrymotorcycletraintheundergroundminibus小巴CompletethetablewiththeKeyWords

plane,balloon,bicycle,boat,bus,car,ferry,helicopter,lorry,motorcycle,ship,train,theunderground,minibusTravelonlandTravelbyseaTravelintheairCausepollutionHavegotwheelsbicycle,bus,car,lorry,motorcycle,train,minibusboat,ferry,shipplane,balloon,helicopterplane,boat,bus,car,ferry,helicopter,lorry,motorcycle,ship,theundergroundbicycle,bus,car,lorry,motorcycle,train,minibusWorkinPairs.Saywhichtypeoftransport:youhavetravelledinoronyouuseregularlyyouwouldliketotravelinorone.g.I’vebeenon/ina…afewtimes.Igoto…by…everyday.I’dliketogoon/ina….MatchtheseKeyWordswiththedefinitionscyclistlorrydrivermotoristpedestrian

someonewhoridesabicyclesomeonewhodrivesacarsomeonewhotravelsonfootsomeonewhosejobisdrivingalorrycyclistmotoristpedestrianlorrydriverListenandidentifythefourspeakersfromthedefinitionsinExercise3!1.lorrydriver2.pedestrian3.cyclist4.motoristLesson1OnYourBikeDoyouuseabicycle?When?Whataretheadvantagesofbicyclesovercars?ReadthetextandfindthefollowingexpressionsPara1享受…的益處這是個(gè)…的好地方方便…許多自行車停放場地自行車道自行車城enjoythebenefitsofdoing…Itisagoodcityfordoing…beconvenientfors.th.plentyof…（可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)）bicycleparkingbicyclepathcityofBicyclesReadPara1andanswer:

WhyisAmsterdamcalledthe“CityofBicycles”?Becausethecityisflat,alsothereareplentyofplacestoparkbicyclesandmoststreetsinthecitycentrehaveabicyclepath.Para2二十世紀(jì)六十年代自行車迷不準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入市中心希望…節(jié)約能源減少污染免費(fèi)交通工具街區(qū)短途旅行幾周內(nèi)inthe1960scyclingfansbenotallowedinthecitycentrebehopefulthat…saveenergyreducepollutionfreepublictransportneighbourhoodsshortjourneyswithinweeksReadPara2andanswer:Whydidthefirst“whitebikes”planfail?Whatdidthecyclingfansbelievethewhitebikeswouldbring?Becausethievesstolethebike.Theywerehopefulthatthiswouldsaveenergy,reducepollutionandprovidefreepublictransport.Para3回來了電腦芯片記錄它們的行動(dòng)插入一張?zhí)貏e的卡片獨(dú)特的設(shè)計(jì)鮮亮的顏色被停放在…足夠空間bebackcomputerchipsrecorditseverymoveinsertaspecialcardanunusualdesignbrightcoloursbeparkedat…enoughroomReadPara3andanswer:Howdoesthenew“whitebikes”differfromtheoldones?Arethenew“whitebikes”reallywhite?Whatcolourarethey?Thenewoneshavecomputerchipswiththemandusershavetoinsertspecialcardstousethem.No.Theyareinbrightcolours.Para4交通不怎么擁堵本地人和旅客多虧…享受市中心沒有汽車的環(huán)境Thereislesstrafficlocalsandtouriststhanksto…enjoycitycentrestreetswithoutcarsReadPar4andanswer:Whateffectshavethewhitebikeshad?Whohavebeenusingthewhitebikes?ThereislesstrafficincentralAmsterdam.Thelocalsandtourists.PresentPerfectContinuous現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)

Iamreadingthebook.完成時(shí)

Ihavereadthebook.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

Ihavebeenreadingthebook.現(xiàn)在正在讀已經(jīng)讀過過去到截至說話為止，一直在讀PresentPerfectContinuous

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞have(has)+been+動(dòng)詞的ing形式”構(gòu)成：

Shehasbeenswimming.Ihavebeenthinkingaboutthisproblem.Theyhavebeencookinginthekitchen.PresentPerfectContinuous

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過去某時(shí)開始一直延續(xù)到說話時(shí)還在進(jìn)行，或可能還要繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。它通常和“for…”或“since…”的時(shí)間狀語連用。

Ihavebeenwaitingforaletterfrommyparents.

Ithasbeenrainingforthreehours.

Wehavebeenstudyingheresince2004.我一直在等我父母的回信。雨已經(jīng)下了三個(gè)小時(shí)。我們自從2004年開始一直在這里讀書。PresentPerfectContinuous

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)2.

表示從過去某時(shí)開始，一直延續(xù)到說話時(shí)刻，可能剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作。

Shehasbeensweepingthestreetallday.Sheistootired.Wehavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.Wedon'twanttowaitanylonger.她整天都在掃大街。她太累了。我們已經(jīng)等了你兩小時(shí)。我們不想再等了。PresentPerfectContinuous

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)肯定句：I/You/They/We+havebeen+動(dòng)詞ing形式*He/She/It+hasbeen+動(dòng)詞ing形式

Ihavebeensittingherealltheafternoon.Hehasbeencollectingallkindsofstampssincehewastenyearsold.

我在這兒坐了一個(gè)下午。自十歲起他就開始收集各式各樣的郵票。PresentPerfectContinuous

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)否定句：主語+have(has)notbeen+動(dòng)詞ing形式Theyhaven'tbeenmeetingeachotherforfiveyears.Hehasn'tbeenteachingheretheseyears.他們已經(jīng)五年沒見過對方。這些年，他沒有一直在這教書。PresentPerfectContinuous

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)疑問句：Have(Has)+主語+been+動(dòng)詞ing形式

Haveyoubeenwritingabook?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.時(shí)態(tài)對比現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)比較：

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)某一動(dòng)作從過去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)只指目前正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。試比較：

Susanhasbeenreadingthatstorybooksincelastnight.

從昨晚開始蘇珊就一直在看那本故事書。

Susanisreadingastorybooknow.

蘇珊正在看一本故事書。時(shí)態(tài)對比現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)比較：⑴有些動(dòng)詞(如：work,study,live,teach等)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表達(dá)的意思差不多。試比較：

Theteacherhasbeenteachingatthisschoolfortenyears.

十年來，那位老師一直在這所學(xué)校教書。

Theteacherhastaughtatthisschoolfortenyears.

那位老師在這所學(xué)校已經(jīng)教了十年書了。時(shí)態(tài)對比⑵英語中的多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在這兩種時(shí)態(tài)中表示不同的含義?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)如果不帶表示一段時(shí)間的狀語，就只能表示動(dòng)作的完成，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示動(dòng)作的延續(xù)。試比較：

Theyhavebuiltanewlab.

他們建造了一幢新的實(shí)驗(yàn)室。(表示動(dòng)作的完成)

Theyhavebeenbuildinganewlab(theseyears).

他們(這幾年)一直在建造一幢新的實(shí)驗(yàn)室。(無論用時(shí)間狀語還是不用時(shí)間狀語，都表示動(dòng)作的延續(xù))Howlonghaveyoubeen

here?

A.stood

B.tostand

C.standing

D.standsThestudenthasbeen

thenovelsincehefinishedschool.

A.wrote

B.writing

C.written

D.writes—Hi,David!Areyoutired?

—Yes,Iamtired.I

theclassroomsfor4hours.

A.amcleaning

B.wascleaning

C.havebeencleaning

D.hadcleaned

4.Wherehaveyoubeen?We

youeverywhere.

A.havebeenlookingfor

B.haslookedfor

C.hadlookedfor

D.hasbeenlookingfor5.—It

fornearlyaweek.Willitlastlong?

—No,it‘sreportedthatwe’llhaveafineweekend.

A.haverained

B.hasbeenraining

C.rains

D.rainedHehasbeenwatchingtheinterestingplayfortwohours.(改為否定句)

He

watch