動(dòng)詞ING做狀語(yǔ)市公開課特等獎(jiǎng)市賽課微課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞V-ing形式做狀語(yǔ)1第1頁(yè)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式能夠作狀語(yǔ)，在句中表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式或伴隨情況等,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí)多位于句首；作結(jié)果、伴隨情況狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常位于句末。【教法探析】2第2頁(yè)E.g.:1.walkingalongthestreet,ImetMary=whileIwaswalkingalongthestreet,ImetMary2.Havinggothome,Ifoundmybookmissing=AfterIgothome,Ifoundmybookmissing動(dòng)詞-ing形式能夠作狀語(yǔ)表時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，假如從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前，用動(dòng)詞-ing完成時(shí)態(tài)即having+P.P3第3頁(yè)4.Turningtotheleft,youwillfindtheschool=Ifyouturntotheleft,youwillfindtheschool表?xiàng)l件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句5.KnowingwhereIlive,henevercometoseeme.=ThoughheknowswhereIlive,henevercometoseeme表讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句3.Beingtired,Istoppedtotakearest=BecauseIwastired,Istoppedtotakearest表原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句4第4頁(yè)6.Istoodthere,waitingforher=Istoodthereandwaitedforher表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列結(jié)構(gòu)7.itrainsheavily,causingseverefloodinginthearea=Itrainedheavilysothatitcausedseverefloodinginthearea表結(jié)果，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句5第5頁(yè)分詞作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子主語(yǔ)，若分詞邏輯主語(yǔ)不是句子主語(yǔ)，分詞需要帶有自己主語(yǔ)，從而組成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)E.g.:1.MywifehadalongtalkwithSally,explainingwhyshedidn’twantthechildrentoplaytogether(析：現(xiàn)在分詞explain是句子主語(yǔ)mywife做動(dòng)作，它們之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，即explain邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子主語(yǔ)mywife).2.Thetrainhavinggone,wehadtowaitanotherday。(析：因?yàn)間o動(dòng)作不是句子主格發(fā)出，所以必須加上自己動(dòng)作發(fā)出者thetrain邏輯主語(yǔ)+havingdone即為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))6第6頁(yè)獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)v-ing使用方法7第7頁(yè)1.英語(yǔ)中一些固定表示獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)v-ing有：Generallyspeaking普通說(shuō)來(lái)/坦白地說(shuō)Judgingfrom…依據(jù)……判斷Supposing/soppose+從句假使……Providing/provided+從句假使……Granting/granted+從句即使……Considering…Seeingthat

…鑒于……，考慮到……Giventhat…Talkingof…談到……E.g.:Generallyspeaking,Iforgottotellherthismatter.8第8頁(yè)2．with+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)這種結(jié)構(gòu)也能夠看成是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)有較鮮明特色。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，with后賓語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于該結(jié)構(gòu)中邏輯主語(yǔ)，其后面詞相當(dāng)于這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中邏輯謂語(yǔ)。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)很像一個(gè)用來(lái)說(shuō)明附帶情況或細(xì)節(jié)，能夠起狀語(yǔ)作用句子。翻譯時(shí)，with原有含意往往不翻譯出來(lái)。9第9頁(yè)with+名詞/代詞+-ing分詞

Withtheoldmanleading,thetwostartedtowardthemountains.

Witheveryonesurroundinguswecancertainlysucceed.

Shefeltverynervouswithsomanypeoplelookingather.10第10頁(yè)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)普通式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendoneV-ing【學(xué)法引導(dǎo)】11第11頁(yè)V-ing作狀語(yǔ)使用方法V-ing短語(yǔ)在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，能夠表示時(shí)間，原因，結(jié)果，條件，方式或伴隨動(dòng)作等。12第12頁(yè)Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)Waitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)1.表時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)13第13頁(yè)2.表原因狀語(yǔ)Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(=ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.)既然你是一個(gè)學(xué)生,你就應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。因?yàn)橄氲剿蛟S在家,所以我就給他打了電話。Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)14第14頁(yè)3.表方式、伴隨情況狀語(yǔ):作伴隨狀語(yǔ)分詞表示動(dòng)作,必須是主語(yǔ)一個(gè)動(dòng)作,或是與謂語(yǔ)所表示動(dòng)作(或狀態(tài))同時(shí)發(fā)生,或是對(duì)謂語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)詞(或狀態(tài))作深入地補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。e.g.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.)15第15頁(yè)他們笑著談著走進(jìn)了教室。_____________________,theywentintotheclassroom.他斜靠(lean)著墻站著。Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.(＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.)Laughingandtalking16第16頁(yè)4.表結(jié)果e.g.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.)全國(guó)處處于傳唱這首歌曲,使它成了一首最受歡迎歌曲。Thesongissungalloverthecountry,________________________________.makingitthemostpopularsong17第17頁(yè)5.表?xiàng)l件Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前走,你就會(huì)看到一座白色地房子。______________,youwillseeawhitehouse.Walkingahead18第18頁(yè)6.與邏輯主語(yǔ)組成獨(dú)立主格:

Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyheard．我等汽車時(shí),一只鳥落到我頭上。

Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.全部票已經(jīng)賣光了,他們失望地離開了。

Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.假如時(shí)間允許,我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。19第19頁(yè)有時(shí)也可用with(without)+名詞(代詞賓格)+分詞形式。Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他點(diǎn)著燈睡著了。7.作獨(dú)立成份:Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.從外表看,他一定是個(gè)演員。20第20頁(yè)注意：1.當(dāng)v-ing形式所表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，應(yīng)使用完成式：havingdoneHavingfinishedhishomework,herushedouttoplaybasketball.2.當(dāng)v-ing形式與句子主語(yǔ)之間存在著邏輯上動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)式：beingdoneBeinghelpedbytheteacher,shewilllearnEnglishwell.21第21頁(yè)3.當(dāng)v-ing形式被動(dòng)式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，被動(dòng)式應(yīng)使用完成式：havingbeendoneHavingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseethelibrary.Havingbeentranslatedintomanylanguages,thebookwaswidelyreadallovertheworld.22第22頁(yè)【模擬練習(xí)】1.Thestudentsatthere,____whattodo.A.doesn’tknowingB.didn’tknowingC.notknowD.notknowingD現(xiàn)在分詞否定式是在普通式和完成式前面加not(never)23第23頁(yè)2.____histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.A.NotknowingB.knowingnotC.NothavingknownD.HavingnotknownA24第24頁(yè)3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_____alongspeechforthepresident.toprepare B.preparingC.prepared D.waspreparing4.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_____itthemostpopularsportintheworld.making B.makesC.made D.tomakeBA25第25頁(yè)【真題再現(xiàn)】（天津卷）Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,_________thebreakfastuntouched.left B.toleave C.leaving D.havingleft26第26頁(yè)（福建卷）Pressedfromhisparents,and______thathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames.A.realizing B.realizedC.torealizeD.beingrealized【答案】A【解析】首先要搞清楚本句中and連接成份是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)與press是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，不過(guò)與realize是主動(dòng)，“被父母迫使同時(shí)自己也意識(shí)到他已經(jīng)浪費(fèi)了太多時(shí)間，這個(gè)男孩決定停頓玩電腦游戲。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞難度挺大，主要是很多學(xué)生看到pressed后就不知道realize在句中做什么成份，所以本題關(guān)鍵有兩個(gè)，一個(gè)是and并列成份是什么，然后就是re