人教高中英語 必修5unit3過去分詞作狀語

/過去分詞作狀語【教學(xué)內(nèi)容】過去分詞作狀語【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】熟練掌握過去分詞作狀語的用法【教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)】和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時的區(qū)別【教學(xué)過程】*過去分詞作狀語,表示動作發(fā)生的背景或情況,在意義上相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句。過去分詞在句中作狀語可以作狀語可以表示時間、條件、方式、讓步、原因、結(jié)果等。*動詞的-ed形式：與句中主語為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系表示時間動詞的-ed形式可置于句首,也可置于句尾,有時還可以置于主語和謂語之間例：當(dāng)問到有關(guān)他的家庭情況時,他沒有答復(fù)。1.Whenhewasaskedabouthisfamily,hemadenoanswer.→Askedabouthisfamily,hemadenoanswer.→He,askedabouthisfamily,madenoanswer.→Hemadenoanswer,askedabouthisfamily.【活學(xué)活用】把以下狀語從句改為過去分詞作時間狀語Whenhewasaskedwhyhewaslate,hewentred.→Askedwhyhewaslate,hewentred.Whenwaterisheated,waterchangesintosteam.→Heated,waterchangesintosteam.表示條件表?xiàng)l件的狀語常位于句首例：從遠(yuǎn)處看,這個村莊看上去更漂亮。1.IfthevillageisSeeninthedistance,thevillagelooksmorebeautiful.→Seeninthedistance,thevillagelooksmorebeautiful.【隨即隨練】把以下狀語從句改為過去分詞作條件狀語1.Ifweweregivenmoretimeandmoney,wewouldhavedonetheworkbetter.→Givenmoretimeandmoney,wewouldhavedonetheworkbetter.IfIwascomparedwithyou,Istillhavealongwaytogo.→Comparedwithyou,Istillhavealongwaytogo.表示原因表示原因的分詞短語一般置于句首,偶爾置于句尾或句中例：1.由于傷得嚴(yán)重,只好把他送往醫(yī)院。Becausehewasseriouslyinjured,hehadtobetakentohospital.→Seriouslyinjured,hehadtobetakentohospital.【小試牛刀】把以下狀語從句改為過去分詞作原因狀語Becausethechildrenweredeeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.→Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.2.Thechildlearnsfast,becausethechildiswellbroughtupbyhisparents.→Thechildlearnsfast,wellbroughtupbyhisparents.四、表示伴隨/方式這種狀語可置于句首、句中或句尾綜上所述,試著把以下的狀語從句改為過去分詞作伴隨或方式狀語1.獵人在森林里慢慢走著,后面跟著一條狗。Thehunterwalkedslowlyintheforestandhewasfollowedbyhisdog.→Thehunterwalkedslowlyintheforest,followedbyhisdog.→Followedbyhisdog,thehunterwalkedslowlyintheforest.→Thehunter,followedbuhisdog,walkedslowlyintheforest.他失望地走開了。Hewentaway,disappointed.→Hewentawayandhewasdisappointed.表示讓步嘗試把以下狀語從句改為用過去分詞作讓步狀語1.雖然被對方的隊(duì)打敗了,但我們并沒有灰心而是相互鼓勵。Thoughwewerebeatenbytheoppositeteam,wedidn’tloseheartandencouragedeachother.→Beatenbytheoppositeteam,wedidn’tloseheartandencouragedeachother.2.雖然受傷了,但那個勇敢的戰(zhàn)士依然繼續(xù)作戰(zhàn)。Wounded,thebravesoldiercontinuedtofight.→Thoughhewaswounded,thebravesoldiercontinuedtofight.*特別提示*①根據(jù)需要,-ed形式前面也可加上when,while,until,once,though,although,aslongas,solongas,unless,asif,asthough,evenif,eventhough等連詞例：1.Whenaskedifhehadanydrugswithhim,heclaimedhewasclean.當(dāng)問他身上是否藏有毒品時,他聲稱沒有。Unlessinvited,Iwon’tattendtheget-together.除非受到邀請,否那么我不會參加聚會。Theboylefttheplayhousewithoutbeingseen.這個男孩離開了游戲室沒有被人發(fā)現(xiàn)。②有些過去分詞已經(jīng)形容詞化,作狀語時表示人的狀態(tài)或動作的完成。常見的有：satisfied,surprised,interested,moved,worried,pleased,disappointed等。例：1.Disappointedattheexaminationresults,thegirlstoodtherewithoutsayingaword.因?yàn)閷荚嚱Y(jié)果很失望,小女孩站在那兒一句話也沒說。Finallytheyarrivedthehotel,tiredandhungry.最后,他們到達(dá)了那家賓館,又累又餓。③過去分詞〔短語〕作狀語時,分詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語要一致。例:小偷如果被抓,會受到警方的處理。1.Ifcaught,thepolicewillpunishthethief.(誤〕2.Ifcaught,thethiefwillbepunishedbythepolice.(正〕【牛刀小試】判斷以下句子的正誤Foundhimangry,Ibegantotelljokes.(x)(found與I在這個句中不是被動關(guān)系〕Findinghimangry,Ibegantotelljokes.(v)Lookingaround,therewasnoonenearby.(x)(lookaround的邏輯主語不是noone,故本句不成立〕Lookingaround,Ifoundtherewasnoonenearby.(v)▼動詞的-ing形式、動詞的-ed形式和不定式皆可作狀語,區(qū)別如下：表方式或伴隨時作方式或伴隨狀語時常用動詞的-ed形式,習(xí)慣上不用-ing形式一般式的被動語態(tài),即不用beingdone形式例：1.Manyparentswerewalkingaboutthezoo,followedbytheirchildren.很多父母在動物園里游玩,后面緊跟著自己的孩子。2.Ledbyaschoolgirl,theblindmancrossedtheroad.這個盲人由一個女學(xué)生領(lǐng)著穿過了馬路。表示時間作時間狀語時,動詞的-ed形式如果同時表示被動和完成,?？蓳Q用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動完成式；如果只表示被動,不表示完成,那么不可換用。例：1.Readmanytimes(=havingbeenredmanytimes),thecrabbedstoryseemsmucheasier.讀過多遍,這個深奧的故事似乎變得容易多了?！脖硎颈粍雍屯瓿伞?.Seenfromthetopofthehill,theparklooksmorebeautiful.從山頂上看,這個公園顯得更加美麗?！脖硎颈粍印潮硎尽盀榱恕?常用不定式作狀語,狀語動詞動作發(fā)生時間與句子謂語動作時間相比,是將來。例：Tosleeplateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.為了明天早上可以睡得晚點(diǎn),Bob把鬧鐘關(guān)了?！倦S堂練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇“Youcan’tcatchme!〞Janeshouted,Baway.A.runB.runningC.torunD.ranATohospitalintime,thewoundedsoldiersweresavedatlast.A.TakenB.TakingC.HavingtakenD.BeingtakenThereisnogreaterpleasurethanlyingonmybackinthemiddleofthegrassland,Batthenightsky.A.tostareB.staringC.staredD.havingstaredLastnight,IsawWeiweilyinginbed,Aindeepthought.A.lostB.losingC.toloseD.beinglostHewenttobedB.Thenextmorninghewokeuponlyhimselflyingonthefloor.A.drinking;tofindB.drunk;tofindC.beingdrunk;findingD.todrink;findingBThecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.A.ApproachingB.ApproachedC.ToapproachD.TobeapproachedTomtookataxitotheairport,onlyBhisplanehighupinthesky.A.findingB.tofindC.beingfoundD.tohavefoundAbyagreaterdemandofvegetables,farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.A.DrivenB.BeingdrivenC.TodriveD.HavingdrivenTheoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,happyAanythingthathappenedtobeon.A.towatchB.watchingC.watchedD.tohavewatchedDtime,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given【課后練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇WhenIwaslittle,mymotherusedtositbymybed,BmestoriestillIfeelasleep.A.havingtoldB.tellingC.toldD.totellHesatontheplatform,Ctoanswerthequestion.A.prepareB.preparingC.preparedD.toprepareBintoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.TranslatingB.TranslatedC.TotranslateD.HavingtranslatedGeorgereturnedafterthewar,onlyAthathiswifehadlefthim.A.tobetoldB.tellingC.beingtoldD.toldWewereastonishedBthetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.A.findingB.tofindC.findD.tobefoundCOurselvesfromthephysicalandmentaltensions,weeachneeddeepthoughtandinnerquietness.A.HavingfreedB.FreedC.TofreeD.FreeingWhenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome,memorycameAback.A.floodingB.tofloodC.floodD.floodedAWiththesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesn’tseemhighatall.A.WhencomparedB.TocompareC.WhilecomparingD.ItcomparedMorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,Aitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.A.makingB.madeC.tomakeD.havingmadeAsmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,Ballfourpeopleonboard.A.killedB.killingC.killsD.tokil