安徽省廬江巢湖七校2022-2023學年高一下學期第一次集中練習英語試卷(含答案)

安徽省廬江巢湖七校2022-2023學年高一下學期第一次集中練習英語試卷學校：___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________

一、閱讀理解VisitFortWorthMuseumPurchasingTicketsCurrently,ticketsareavailable(可獲得的)forpurchase(購買)in-persononly.Senior(age65+):$14Adult(age12-64):$16Junior(age3-11):$12Child(age0-2):FreeCattleRaisersMuseumAdmission(入場費)totheCattleRaisersMuseumisincludedwithyourticketpurchase!NoblePlanetariumTicketstotheNoblePlanetariumarenowincludedwithyourticketpurchase!OmniTheaterClosedforrepair.MuseumHoursTuesdaytoSaturday:10a.m.-5p.m.Sunday:Noon-5p.m.Monday:ClosedParkingAllparkinglotsintheCulturalDistrictareownedbytheCityofFortWorthandmanagedbyTrailDriveManagementCrop.Onbusydays,somelotsmayfillearly.GuestscangetdirectionstothepublicparkingareaonGoogleMaps.Pleaseusethemainentrance(入口)onGendyStreetforentry.TheOmnientranceisclosed.GuestsparkingintheLansfordParkingGaragewillneedtowalktothemainentranceonGendyStreet.Memberscanreceiveavoucher(抵用券)foruseatanypaidCulturalDistrictlot,onaspace-availablebasis.TheparkingvoucherisonlyavailableduringMuseumvisitsandprovideduponcheck-inattheticketingcounter.Lookingformoreinformationandsomefunactivities?Pickupa2023GuestGuideattheadmissionscounter.1、Howmuchmightayoungcouplewithtwokidsunder3paytovisitthemuseum?A.$16 B.$32 C.$48 D.$562、Whencanaguestenterthemuseum?A.At10a.m.onMonday. B.At9a.m.onWednesday.C.At11a.m.onFriday. D.At10a.m.onSunday.3、Whatcanamemberofthemuseumenjoyatpresent?A.VisitingtheOmniTheater. B.Personalguideservice.C.CheckinginattheVIPcounter. D.Aparkingvoucher.Whilemanylocalteensspenttheirsummersplayingbythepool,SheaFrenyea-Provostbroughthertalentstolife,leavingalastingmemoryforyearstocome.Afterfiveweeks,the15-year-old'sartworkisnowonshowinPeople'sParkforalltoseeastheVillageofDannemora'sfirstoutdoormural(壁畫)—symbolicoftheongoingeffortstogivenewenergytothevillageandallithastooffer.Fortheyoungartist,theprojecttookheroutofthecomfortzone(舒適區(qū))—goingfromcoloredpencilsandsketchbooks(素描本)toherfirstlife-sizemural—thefirstinwhatwillnowbecomeaseriesofprojectsbetweenthelocalteenandvillage.Withhermomactiveinthevillage'sgrowingBeautificationCommittee,Sheaalsogotinvolvedwithvolunteering.AfterseeingShea'ssketchesduringtheearlystagesofthemuralplanning,TinaLeduc,directorofBeautificationCommittee,wasawedbyhertalentandknewshewasaperfectfitfortheproject.Withthehelpofherfamily,Sheawassoonsetupwithherveryownstudio,whereshespentweeksresearchingtheLunamoth(蛾),observingitsoutlineandperfectingeachfinaldetail."Iusedaprojector(投影儀)toobservethemothforweeksandresearchednativeplantsinourareaandtherestIreallyendedupdoingfreehand,"Sheasaid,pointingtothefinelinesoftheclimbinggrapeplantsandmothantennas(觸角).FortheBeautificationCommitteeandvillagersalike,herworkhasbroughtawelcomednewadditiontotheparkwhileclearlyshowingherbrightartisticfutureahead."She'sjustsuchanatural,"saidLeduc,whoofferedbeginningguidance,otherwiseleavingthecreativityanddesigntothepromisingyoungartist."Ifeelthisisjustthebeginningforher.Iknowitis.We'regoingtoseesomuchfromher."4、WhatcanwelearnaboutShea'smural?A.Itisthefirstindoormuralinhervillage. B.Itshowsthehistoryofhervillage.C.Ittookheramonthtocomplete.D.Itwasarealchallengeforher.5、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"awed"inparagraph4mean?A.Amazed B.Encouraged C.Changed D.Affected6、WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeShea?A.Creativeandhumorous. B.Politeandgenerous.C.Talentedandpatient. D.Experiencedandprofessional.7、WhatdoesLeducsayaboutShea'sartwork?A.Itwillinspiremorekidstodoart.B.Itpromisesabrightfutureforher.C.Itwillattractmoreforeignvisitorstothevillage.D.Itraisesthevillagers'awarenessofenvironmentalprotection.Whenyouthinkofajungleadventure,whatcomestomind?Aretheygorgeousbirdsflyingthroughtheairormonkeysjumpingthroughtheforest?Doyouthinkofplants?Probablynot.Afterall,plantsaren'tthemostexcitinglivingthingsintheworld.Theyjustsitthereandabsorb(吸收)waterandnutrients(養(yǎng)分)fromthesoilandthesun.Butactuallytherearealsosomeplantsthateatinsectsandevensmallanimalsfromtimetotime.Wecalltheseunusualthingscarnivorous(食肉性)plants.Althoughmostcarnivorousplantseatsmallinsects,largecarnivorousplantsinsomehotandwetareashavebeenknowntocapture(捕獲)rats,birds,andfrogs.OnecarnivorousplantmanypeoplearefamiliarwithistheVenusflytrap.Itsunique“jaws(頜)”willfunctionwhenfliesandothersmallinsectstouchit.Onceitsjawscloseonitsvictim,itproducesachemicalsubstance(物質(zhì))thatbreaksdowntheinsectandabsorbstheinsect'snutrients.Thereareseveralotherexamplesofcarnivorousplants.Forexample,someplantscancatchinsectswiththeirleaves,whicharelikeatallnarrowwineglass,whilesometraptheirvictimswithstickytentacles(觸手).Andsomegrowinginpondsandstreamsabsorbtheirvictimslikeunderwatercleaners.Carnivorousplantstendtogrowinareaswherethesoilisverythinandlacksnecessarynutrients.Theseplantsmustfindothersourcesforthenutrientstheyneed.Trappingandeatinginsectsallowstheseuniqueplantstosurvive.Unfortunately,humanandenvironmentalfactorscontinuetothreatenthelimitedenvironmentswhereyoucanfindwildcarnivorousplants.Stillformanypeople,thethoughtofaplanteatingananimalseemsverystrange.Infact,morethanonepersonhasturnedtheideaintoascarystoryormovie.Carnivorousplantsdon'tposeanydangertohumans,though.Unlessyou'rethesizeofatinyinsect,youdon'thavetoworryaboutfallingpreytoaVenusflytrap.8、WhatcanwelearnabouttheVenusflytrap?A.Itcatchesinsectswithitsunique"jaws".B.Itisakindofpoisonousplant.C.Itproducesaspecialsmelltoattractinsects.D.Itisthemostimportantcarnivorousplant.9、Whydocarnivorousplantshuntanimalsforfood?A.Theyneedsomenutrientstosurvive. B.Theyenjoythetasteofanimals.C.Theytrytoreducetheharmfulinsects. D.Theyhelpkeepthebalanceofnature.10、What'sthechallengefacedbycarnivorousplants?A.Threatsfrombiggeranimals. B.Limitedchoicesoffood.C.Lessconcernfromhumanbeings. D.Poorerenvironmentstolivein.11、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Plantsthateatlivingthings. B.Varioussurvivalskillsofplants.C.Plants'waysofcatchinginsects. D.Potentialdangersinthejungle.TheWorldWildlifeFundstatesthatupto100millionsharksandraysarecaughteachyearacrosstheworld,bothonpurposeintargetedfisheriesandbyaccident,asbycatch(誤捕的魚).Asaresult,sharkpopulationsareinrapiddecline(下降).Sharksgrowrelativelyslowlyandproducefewyoung,sotheyareeasilyharmedorinfluencedbyoverfishing.RobertEneverofFishtekMarineandhisteamdevelopedSharkGuard,inresponsetothedramaticdeclinesinsharkandraynumbers.Theybaseditonsharkdeterrents(威懾物)thatarecurrentlyusedsuccessfullytoprotectsurfersandchangedittobeusedintunafisheries,wherebycatchofsharksandraysissignificant.Thenovelequipmentisfixedtoahook(魚鉤)onaline,anditproducesasmallelectricfieldwhichsharksandrayscanpickupwiththeirelectroreceptors(電感受器)andthis,hopefully,willkeepthemawayfromthehook.TheexperimentstookplaceoffsouthernFrance,duringJulyandAugust2021.Elevenseparatefishingtripsweremadeand18,866hookswereused,halfofwhichcarriedaSharkGuard.Theresults,presentedinthejournalCurrentBiology,showedthatSharkGuardhooksgreatlyreducedthenumberofbluesharksandoceanicstingrayscaught,whilehavingnobiginfluenceonthecatchofBluefintuna.Withitseffectivenessproved,thereisstillsomewaytogobeforefisheriescouldstartusingtheequipment.Firstly,thereisthelimitationofthebatteries(電池).EachSharkGuideneedstobechangedevery65hoursofuse.Thedevelopersareworkingtosolvethisproblem,souserscould"fitandforget"them,whilestillprotectingsharksandotherseaanimals.Now,theresearchersarecallingonfishersandcompaniesexperiencinghighsharkandraybycatchtocontactFishtekMarine.12、Whatdoestheauthorwanttotalkaboutinthefirstparagraph?A.Thereasonsharksneedprotection.B.Thewaysharksavoidbeingcaught.C.Theinfluencesharkshaveonthewholeworld.D.Thechallengesharksfacewhileproducingyoung.13、WhatisspecialaboutSharkGuard?A.Itcanattractmoresharks.B.Itwasinventedtoprotectsurfers.C.Itcanwarnsharksofallkindsofdangers.D.Itworksthroughcreatinganelectricfield.14、Whichwordbestdescribestheexperimentalresults?A.Unclear. B.Mixed. C.Encouraging. D.Unsatisfying.15、Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusaboutSharkGuard?A.Itsprice. B.Itsdisadvantage.C.Itstargetmarket. D.Itsafter-salesservice.二、七選五16、Ifyou'reashyperson,meetingpeopleandmakingnewfriendsmightbehardforyou.Thegoodnewsisthattherearetonsoftips,strategies(策略),andskillsthatcanmakeiteasiertomakefriendsasashyperson.Greetpeoplewarmly.Ifyoucanmakeothersfeelmorecomfortablewhentheyapproach(接近)you,youwon'thavetodosomuchtostartconservationsormakeplans.①_____Thisisespeciallyimportantifyouhavetroublestartingconservations.②_____It'salmostimpossibletomakenewfriendsifyouneverleavehome,sospendingmoretimeinpublicisanimportantsteptowardmakingnewfriends.Themoretimeyouspendinpublic,themorelikelyyouaretomeetpeople.Chooselow-keyvenues(地點).③_____Thisiswhyitcanhelptobestrategicabouttheplacesyougo;chooseeventsandvenuesthataremorelow-key.Forexample,it'softeneasierforshypeopletostartconservationsincoffeeshops.Usefriendappstofindlike-mindedpeople.④_____Thekeytobeingsuccessfulistoshow“real”you.Forexample,listingsomeofyourhobbies,personalitytraits(特點),orinterestscanhelpyouconnecttolike-mindedpeople.Trytolistenandfocusontheotherperson.⑤_____Ifthisistrueforyou,itcanhelptofocusmoreontheotherpersonthanyourselfbytryingtogettoknowthembetter.Dothisbyaskingmoreopen-endedquestionsandworkingtobecomeabetterlistener.A.Don'tjudgetoofast.B.Gooutinpublicmoretomeetnewpeople.C.Morepeopleareusingtheseappstoconnectwithpeople.D.Alotofshypeoplestrugglemorewithtalkingthanlistening.E.Instead,otherpeoplewillbegincomingtoyou,takingsomepressureoff.F.Trytoreconnectwitholdfriendsyoumayhavelostcontactwithforalongtime.G.Peoplewhoareshyoftenfeeluncomfortablewhenthey'reinlargeornoisyplaces.三、完形填空（15空）Dr.SmithofNewYorkworksatacenterforchildrenwhocan'tlearnwell.Onedayafatherbroughthissontohimfor1athisoffice.ThefathertoldDr.Smithabouthisson."Mysonhas2inlearningandcan'tevenplaybaseball.Heisn'tdoingwellbecausehedoesn'ttry.Ihavedoneeverythingforhim.Ihaveevenshoutedathim.Butnothing3."AfterDr.Smithtestedtheboy,he4hisfather.Heaskedthefathertositinfrontofa5andthengavehimapencilandapieceofpaper.Therewasa6onthepaper.Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirrorand7thelinesofthestarwiththepencil.Thefathermadethesame8anyonemakes.Everytimehe9thepencil,itwentthewrongway.Thefather'sfacebecamered.Atthis10thedoctorshoutedathim,"Hurryup!Whyareyou11solong?Youcan'tdosuchan12thing!Youdon'tknowleftfromright!"These13madethefatherveryangry."Nowyoucan14,can'tyou?"Thedoctorsaidtohim."Yoursonhasfeltjustlikethatallthetime.Youscolded(訓斥)himtoooften,sohedidn'ttryanymore.Hewasafraidofmakingmistakes.15thefatherunderstoodeverything.Heputhisfacedown.Nowhefeltsosorry.17、A.playing B.testing C.acting D.teaching18、A.difficulty B.confidence C.interest D.experience19、A.remains B.returns C.helps D.appears20、A.calledin B.waitedfor C.searchedfor D.believedin21、A.desk B.mirror C.television D.painting22、A.star B.face C.line D.number23、A.cut B.remove C.follow D.cross24、A.patterns B.decisions C.choices D.mistakes25、A.sharpened B.touched C.dropped D.moved26、A.point B.speed C.corner D.end27、A.writing B.staying C.taking D.preparing28、A.exciting B.easy C.important D.obvious29、A.instructions B.ideas C.words D.questions30、A.promise B.relax C.leave D.understand31、A.Unfortunately B.Interestingly C.Absolutely D.Suddenly四、短文填空32、BeijingRoastDuck,alsoknown①_____PekingDuck,isoneoftheChinesedishesthathavegained②_____(popular)acrosstheglobe.TheduckmeatisservedwrappedinMandarinpancakes.It's③_____(true)deliciousforthetastebuds(味蕾).OriginatinginChina'sroyalpalacemorethan7centuriesago,BeijingRoastDuck④_____(decide)asoneofthenationaldishesforthereceptionofforeign⑤_____(guest)byPremierZhouEnlaiinthe1970s.Nowitishighlypraisedbyheadsofgovernmentofficials,anddomesticandforeigntourists.AnauthenticBeijingduckcantakeuptothreedays⑥_____(prepare).Itis⑦_____complexprocesswithmanyrequirements.TheduckmustbeofthewhiteBeijingvarietyandofveryhighquality,a"force-fedduck"that⑧_____(weigh)aboutthreekilograms.ThemannerofservingandeatingBeijingduckisunique.Thechef(主廚)presentsyouthewholeduckbeforetakingitawayforslicing(將……切成薄片),⑨_____slicingitinfrontofyourtable.Eachsliceisverythin,⑩_____(contain)bothmeatandskin.Wheneatingtheduck,youshouldfirsttakeapancakeinonehand.Thenwithyourchopstickspickupasliceofduckandcoattonsauce(醬).Addsomecucumberandgreenonion.Finally,rollupthepancake.五、書面表達33、假設你校正在組織英語作文比賽,請以“MyBestFriend”為題,寫一篇短文參賽,內(nèi)容包括:1.簡要介紹你最喜歡的朋友;2.說明你喜歡他/她的原因;3.朋友在我們生活中的重要性。注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右;2.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫;3.請按如下格式在答題卡相應位置作答。MyBestFriend___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________六、讀后續(xù)寫34、閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。Thesunshonehighinthebright,bluesky.Allthestudentsweretalkingintheplaygroundinexcitement.Theyhadbeentoldthatthenextdaytheywouldhaveatestongoodmanners(禮貌).Thechildrenhadthoughtthathygiene(衛(wèi)生)wasanimportantpartofthetest.Onechildaddedthattheyshouldalsoremembertosay"please"and"thankyou."Thenextdayallthechildrenappearedintheirbestclothes.Theplaygroundwasverybrightthatday;acontrast(對比)thatwasprovidedwiththeusualblackandwhiteuniformoftheschool.Allthechildrenmadealineandbegantogoinsidethebuilding.Astheywent,anoldwasherwoman(洗衣女工)whoworkedattheschoolappeared.Shehadwhitehairandcarriedanextremelyheavybagofclothesonherback.Asthestudentspassed,sheaskedforhelp.Someofthemdidnotreplyatallandsomeofthemreplied,"Sorrybutwehaveaveryimportanttestandwecannotbelate."Nonehelpeduntilthewasherwomanaskedthelaststudentgoinginside,Maria.Mariareplied,"Ofcourse,I'llhelpyou."Mariatooktheburden(重擔)offtheoldwasherwoman'sbackandputitontohershoulders.Shethenfollowedtheoldladytoherworkplace.Thepathwasnotasmoothone.Mariaaccidentally(不小心)felldownandherdressbecamedirty.Mariawassureshewouldfailhertestnow,forshewasalreadylateandnowshewasnotpresentably(體面的)dressedeither,butsheputonabravefaceandcontinuedwalking.Afterawhile,Mariaandthewasherwomancametotheworkplace.TheoldladyopenedthedoorandMariafollowedherinside.Mariawasshockedtofindherwholeclassinsidetheroom.注意:1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。"Whathappened?"sheaskedinsurprise._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________"However,onlyMariapassedthetest,theteachersaid._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案1、答案：B解析：數(shù)字計算題。根據(jù)小標題PurchasingTickets下的Adult(age12-64):$16(成人(12-64歲):16美元)和Child(age0-2):Free(兒童(0-2歲):免費)可知,一對年輕夫婦帶著兩個不到3歲的孩子參觀博物館,只需買兩張成人票就行,所以花費是2×16=32美元。故選B項。2、答案：C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題MuseumHours下的TuesdaytoSaturday:10a.m.-5p.m.(星期二至星期六:上午10時至下午5時)以及Sunday:Noon-5p.m.(星期日:中午至下午五時)和Monday:Closed(星期一:關閉)結合選項,可知,星期五的上午11點可以進入博物館,故選C項。3、答案：D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段MemberscanreceiveavoucherforuseatanypaidCulturalDistrictlot,onaspace-availablebasis.TheparkingvoucherisonlyavailableduringMuseumvisitsandprovideduponcheck-inattheticketingcounter.(會員可領取一張代金券,在任何一個付費的文化區(qū)用地上使用。停車券只適用于參觀博物館時,并于售票處辦理登記手續(xù)時提供)可知,博物館的會員目前可以享受一張停車券。故選D項。4、答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Fortheyoungartist,theprojecttookheroutofthecomfortzone(舒適區(qū))—goingfromcoloredpencilsandsketchbooks(素描本)toherfirstlife-sizemural—thefirstinwhatwillnowbecomeaseriesofprojectsbetweenthelocalteenandvillage.(對于這位年輕的藝術家來說,這個項目讓她走出了舒適區(qū)—從彩色鉛筆和速寫本到她的第一幅真人大小的壁畫—這是她現(xiàn)在將成為當?shù)厍嗌倌旰痛迩f之間一系列項目的第一個。)可知,這個項目讓她走出了舒適區(qū),所以對她來說是一個挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。5、答案：A解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文knewshewasaperfectfitfortheproject.(知道她是這個項目的完美人選。)可知,TinaLeduc認為Shea是這個項目的完美人選,所以對她的天賦是感到驚奇的,由此可知awed意為"驚奇的"。結合選項A.Amazed驚訝的;B.Encouraged受到鼓舞的;C.Changed改變的;D.Affected受到影響的。故選A。6、答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的AfterseeingShea'ssketchesduringtheearlystagesofthemuralplanning,TinaLeduc,directorofBeautificationCommittee,wasawedbyhertalentandknewshewasaperfectfitfortheproject.(在壁畫規(guī)劃的早期階段,美化委員會主任蒂娜·勒杜克(TinaLeduc)看到了謝伊的草圖后,對她的才華感到驚奇,并知道她是這個項目的完美人選。)可知,Shea是有才華的,根據(jù)第五段中"Iusedaprojector(投影儀)toobservethemothforweeksandresearchednativeplantsinourareaandtherestIreallyendedupdoingfreehand,"Sheasaid,pointingtothefinelinesoftheclimbinggrapeplantsandmothantennas(觸角).("我用投影儀觀察了幾個星期,研究了我們地區(qū)的本地植物,剩下的我都是徒手完成的,"謝伊指著藤本葡萄植株和飛蛾天線上的細紋說。)可知,Shea花了幾個星期的時間去觀察當?shù)刂参?并徒手完成,說明她是有耐心的。故選C。7、答案：B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的FortheBeautificationCommitteeandvillagersalike,herworkhasbroughtawelcomednewadditiontotheparkwhileclearlyshowingherbrightartisticfutureahead."She'sjustsuchanatural,"saidLeduc,whoofferedbeginningguidance,otherwiseleavingthecreativityanddesigntothepromisingyoungartist."Ifeelthisisjustthebeginningforher.Iknowitis.We'regoingtoseesomuchfromher."(對于美化委員會和村民來說,她的作品為公園帶來了一個受歡迎的新成員,同時也清楚地展示了她光明的藝術前景。勒杜克說:"她真是個天才。"勒杜克提供了初步指導,其他方面則把創(chuàng)意和設計交給這位有前途的年輕藝術家。"我覺得這對她來說只是個開始。我知道。我們將從她身上看到很多東西。")可知,勒杜克認為謝伊的作品為她帶來了光明的未來。故選B。8、答案：A解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段OnecarnivorousplantmanypeoplearefamiliarwithistheVenusflytrap.Itsunique"jaws"willfunctionwhenfliesandothersmallinsectstouchit.可知,維納斯捕蠅器以其獨特的"下顎"捕捉昆蟲,故選A。9、答案：A解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Carnivorousplantstendtogrowinareaswherethesoilisverythinandlacksnecessarynutrients.Theseplantsmustfindothersourcesforthenutrientstheyneed.食肉植物傾向于在土壤非常薄且缺乏必需營養(yǎng)素的區(qū)域生長,這些植物必須找到其他所需營養(yǎng)素的來源,可知,食肉植物會捕食動物作為食物是因為它們需要一些營養(yǎng)才能生存,故選A。10、答案：D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Unfortunately,humanandenvironmentalfactorscontinuetothreatenthelimitedenvironmentswhereyoucanfindwildcarnivorousplants.不幸的是,人類和環(huán)境因素繼續(xù)威脅著您可以找到野生食肉植物的有限環(huán)境.可知,食肉植物面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是生活環(huán)境較差,故選D。11、答案：A解析：主旨大意題。閱讀全文,根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,本文主要講述了有一些植物不時吃昆蟲甚至是小動物,我們把這些不尋常的東西稱為肉食性植物,介紹了食肉植物的一些基本情況,故選A。12、答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段TheWorldWildlifeFundstatesthatupto100millionsharksandraysarecaughteachyearacrosstheworld,bothonpurposeintargetedfisheriesandbyaccident,asbycatch(誤捕的魚).Asaresult,sharkpopulationsareinrapiddecline(下降).Sharksgrowrelativelyslowlyandproducefewyoung,sotheyareeasilyharmedorinfluencedbyoverfishing.(世界野生動物基金會表示,全世界每年有多達1億條鯊魚和鰩魚被捕撈,有的被故意捕撈,有的被意外捕獲。因此,鯊魚的數(shù)量正在迅速下降。鯊魚生長相對緩慢,繁殖較少,所以它們很容易受到過度捕撈的傷害或影響)可知,作者在第一段想說鯊魚需要保護的原因。故選A。13、答案：D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Thenovelequipmentisfixedtoahook(魚鉤)onaline,anditproducesasmallelectricfieldwhichsharksandrayscanpickupwiththeirelectroreceptors(電感受器)andthis,hopefully,willkeepthemawayfromthehook.(這種新型設備被固定在一根線上的鉤子上,它會產(chǎn)生一個小的電場,鯊魚和鰩魚可以用它們的電感受器接收到這個電場,希望這能讓它們遠離鉤子)可知,SharkGuard是特別之處它通過產(chǎn)生電場來工作。故選D。14、答案：C解析：觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段Theresults,presentedinthejournalCurrentBiology,showedthatSharkGuardhooksgreatlyreducedthenumberofbluesharksandoceanicstingrayscaught,whilehavingnobiginfluenceonthecatchofBluefintuna.(發(fā)表在《當代生物學》雜志上的研究結果表明,SharkGuard魚鉤大大減少了藍鯊和海洋黃貂魚的捕撈數(shù)量,而對藍鰭金槍魚的捕撈量沒有太大影響)可推知,實驗結果是令人鼓舞的。A.Unclear不清楚的;B.Mixed混合的;C.Encouraging令人鼓舞的;D.Unsatisfying不滿意的。故選C。15、答案：B解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段Withitseffectivenessproved,thereisstillsomewaytogobeforefisheriescouldstartusingtheequipment.Firstly,thereisthelimitationofthebatteries(電池).EachSharkGuideneedstobechangedevery65hoursofuse.Thedevelopersareworkingtosolvethisproblem,souserscould"fitandforget"them,whilestillprotectingsharksandotherseaanimals.(隨著它的有效性得到證明,在漁業(yè)開始使用該設備之前還有一段路要走。首先,這是電池的局限性。每個SharkGuide需要每65小時更換一次。開發(fā)人員正在努力解決這個問題,這樣用戶就可以在保護鯊魚和其他海洋動物的同時“裝上它們就忘了”)可知,第四段主要告訴我們SharkGuard的缺點。故選B。16、答案：EBGCD解析：①推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文Greetpeoplewarmly.Ifyoucanmakeothersfeelmorecomfortablewhentheyapproachyou,youwon'thavetodosomuchtostartconversationsormakeplans.(熱情地與人打招呼。如果你能讓別人在接近你的時候感覺更舒服,你就不必在開始談話或制定計劃方面做太多事情。)可知,不必在開始談話或制定計劃方面做太多事情。以及后文Thisisespeciallyimportantifyouhavetroublestartingconversations.(如果你在開始對話時遇到困難,這一點尤其重要。)可知本句是在說明,其他人會開始來找你,減輕你的壓力。讓別人在接近你的時候感覺更舒服。故E選項:Instead,otherpeoplewillbegincomingtoyou,takingsomepressureoff.(相反,其他人會開始來找你,減輕你的壓力。)符合語境,故選E。②標題歸納題。根據(jù)后文It'salmostimpossibletomakenewfriendsifyouneverleavehome,sospendingmoretimeinpublicisanimportantsteptowardmakingnewfriends.Themoretimeyouspendinpublic,themorelikelyyouaretomeetpeople.(如果你足不出戶,幾乎不可能交到新朋友,所以多花點時間在公共場合是交到新朋友的重要一步。你在公共場所呆的時間越多,你就越有可能遇到別人。)可知,本段的主旨是去公共場合交新朋友。B選項:Gooutinpublicmoretomeetnewpeople.(多到公共場合去認識新朋友。)符合語境,故選B。③細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)前文Chooselow-keyvenues(地點).(選擇低調(diào)的場所。)以及后文Thisiswhyitcanhelptobestrategicabouttheplacesyougo;chooseeventsandvenuesthataremorelow-key.Forexample,it'softeneasierforshypeopletostartconversationsincoffeeshops.(這就是為什么有策略地選擇你要去的地方會有所幫助;選擇更低調(diào)的活動和場所。例如,害羞的人通常更容易在咖啡店開始對話。)可知,上文提到選擇低調(diào)的場所,本句說明原因:害羞的人在大的或嘈雜的地方經(jīng)常感到不舒服。故G選項:Peoplewhoareshyoftenfeeluncomfortablewhenthey'reinlargeornoisyplaces.(害羞的人在大的或嘈雜的地方經(jīng)常感到不舒服。)符合語境,故選G。④細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文Usefriendappstofindlike-mindedpeople.(使用交友軟件來尋找志同道合的人。)可知,上文提到了使用交友軟件,C選項:Morepeopleareusingtheseappstoconnectwithpeople.(越來越多的人使用這些應用程序與人聯(lián)系。)中theseapps對應上文friendapps。符合語境,故選C。⑤推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文Trytolistenandfocusontheotherperson.(試著傾聽并關注對方。)以及后文Ifthisistrueforyou,itcanhelptofocusmoreontheotherpersonthanyourselfbytryingtogettoknowthembetter.Dothisbyaskingmoreopen-endedquestionsandworkingtobecomeabetterlistener.(如果這對你來說是真的,試著更好地了解他們,這會幫助你更多地關注對方而不是你自己。你可以問更多