高考英語(yǔ)題型專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練07 心臟健康

高考英語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練07心臟健康語(yǔ)法填空心肺健康與運(yùn)動(dòng)Beingfitearlierinlifeisassociatedwithareducedrisk,insomecasesofup______42%,ofdevelopingninedifferenttypesofcancerinlaterlife,accordingtoalargelong-termstudy.Thenewstudy,__________(publish)intheBritishJournalofSportsMedicine,drewfromdatafrommorethan1millionmaleSwedishconscriptsbetween16and25,whowerefollowedforanaverageof33yearsfrom1968to2005.Theresultssuggestedthatgoodcardiorespiratory________(fit)–anindividual’sabilitytoengageinsustainedaerobicexercisessuchasrunning,cycling,andswimming–wasassociatedwitha42%reducedriskoflungcancer,a40%reducedriskoflivercanceranda39%reducedriskofoesophagealcancer.Itwasalsoassociatedwitha________(low)riskofheadandneck,stomach,pancreaticbowelandkidneycancer.___________(reduce)cancerriskisnottheonlyreasontoexercise.Therearecompoundbenefitsacrossemotionalhealthandpreventingcardiovasculardisease.Theleadresearcher,DrAronOnerup,said“somephysicalactivityisbetterthannone,thatmorephysicalactivityisbetterforoptimalhealthoutcomes”,andemphasisedthatitisnevertoolate_________(get)fittoreaphealthprotectivebenefits.Asforhowmuchexercise,DrClaireKnight,seniorhealthinformationmanageratCancerResearchUK,recommended150minutesofexerciseaweek,butsaid:“Youdon’tneedtorunamarathonorjoinagym–anythingthatgetsyouwarmer,___________(slight)outofbreath,andyourheartbeatingfastercounts."Itdoesn’tmatterifyougoforabriskwalk,acyclewithafriend,orevengetthehousework________(do),thesecouldallcountaswaystobeactive.”微笑與心臟健康Theoldadagethat“l(fā)aughteristhebestmedicine”maycontainanelementoftruth_______itcomestohearthealth.Astudyhasdemonstratedthathavingachucklecausesthetissueinsidetheheart_________(expand)–andincreasesoxygenflowaroundthebody.Patientswithcoronaryarterydisease_______engagedinacourseoflaughtertherapyhadreducedinflammationandbetterhealth,theresearchfound."Ourstudyfoundthatlaughtertherapyincreasedthefunctionalcapacityofthecardiovascularsystem,”saidtheleadauthor,ProfMarcoSaffi,oftheHospitaldeClínicasdePortoAlegreinBrazil.The___________(find)werepresentedattheannualmeetingoftheEuropeanSocietyofCardiologyinAmsterdam,theworld’slargestheartconference.Inthetrial,scientistscarried_______afirst-of-its-kindstudytoexamineiflaughtertherapycouldimprovesymptomsofpatientswithheartdisease.Itinvolved26adultswithanaverageageof64,alldiagnosedwithcoronaryarterydisease,__________(cause)byplaquebuildupinthewallsofthearteriesthatsupplybloodtotheheart.Overthreemonths,halfwereaskedtowatchtwodifferenthour-longcomedyprogrammeseachweek,includingpopularsitcoms.Theotherhalfwatchedtwodifferentseriousdocumentaries,abouttopicssuchaspoliticsortheAmazonrainforest.Attheendofthe12-weekstudyperiod,thecomedygroupimprovedby10%inatest_____________(measure)howmuchoxygentheirheartcouldpumparoundthebody.Thegroupalsoimprovedinasecondmeasurethattestedhowwellarteriescanexpand.Theyalsohadbloodteststomeasureseveralinflammatorybiomarkers,whichindicatehowmuchplaquehasbuiltupinthebloodvessels,and_____________peopleareatriskofheartattackorstroke.Theresultsshowedthattheseinflammatorymarkershad____________(significant)reducedcomparedwiththecontrolgroup."Whenpatientswithcoronaryarterydiseasearriveathospital,theyhavealotofinflammatorybiomarkers,”saidSaffi.“Inflammationisahugepartoftheprocessofatherosclerosis,whenplaquebuildsupinthearteries."Thisstudyfoundthatlaughtertherapyisagoodinterventionthatcouldhelpreducethatinflammationanddecreasetherisk______heartattackandstroke.話題閱讀AOneafternoonwhilepreparingdinnerinherkitchen,AnnePeters,a32-year-oldAmericanhousewife,suddenlyhadseverepainsinherchestaccompaniedbyshortnessofbreath.Frightenedbythethoughtthatshewashavingaheartattack,Annescreamedforhelp.HerhusbandimmediatelyrushedAnnetoanearbyhospitalwhereherpainswerediagnosedashavingbeencausedbypanic,andnotaheartattack.MoreandmoreAmericansnowadaysarehavingpanicattacksliketheoneexperiencedbyAnnePeters.Studiesdiscoverthatapproximately1.2millionadultindividualsarecurrentlysufferingfromsevereandrecurrentpanicattacks.Therehavebeenalotofexplanationsastothecausesofpanicattacks.Manyclaimthatpsychologicalstresscouldbealogicalcause,butasyet,noevidencehasbeenfoundtosupportthistheory.Recentreportshaveshownthereareatleastthreesignsthatindicateapersonissufferingfromapanicattackratherthanaheartattack.Thefirstisage.Peoplebetweentheagesof20and30aremoreoftenvictimsofpanicattacks.Thesecondissex.Morewomensufferfromrecurrentpanicattacksthanmen.Thethirdisthevarietyofsymptoms.Aheartattackvictimoftenexperiencesonlypainandshortnessofbreathwhileapanicattackvictimusuallysuffersmoresymptomsthanthetwomentioned.Itisgenerallyagreedthatapanicattackdoesnotdirectlyendangeraperson’slife.Allthesame,itcannegativelyaffectaperson’slifebymakinghimorhersoafraidofhavingapanicattackatapublicplacethatheorshemayrefusetoleavehome.Dr.Crocker’sadvicetoanyonewhothinksheissufferingfromapanicattackistoconsultadoctorforamedicalexaminationtoruleoutthepossibilitiesofphysicalillnessfirst.Onceithasbeenconfirmedthatheorsheis,infact,sufferingfromapanicattack,thevictimshouldturntopsychologistsanddoctors.1．What’swrongwithAnne?A．Herbreathstopped. B．Shehurtherchest.C．Shesufferedfromaheartattack D．Shewentthroughapanicattack.2．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．Panicattacksshowavarietyofsymptoms.B．Panicattacksgohandinhandwithheartattacks.C．Theelderlyaremorelikelytohavepanicattacks.D．Psychologicalstressisboundtocausepanicattacks.3．WhatisDr.Crocker’sadvicetovictimsofpanicattack?A．Tohaveathoroughmedicalcheck.B．Toruleoutthepossibilitiesofillness.C．Toseekpsychologicalandmedicalhelp.D．Toexaminethesymptomsontheirown.B“Iwasdeadfor67minutes.It’samiraclethatI’mheretoday.”ThosearethewordsofBruceRichardson,whosurvivedacardiacarrest(心臟驟停)inJuly2016thankstothequickactionsofhisfriendsandthefirstresponderswhorefusedtogiveup.Itwasanearlysummermorning,atypicalSaturday.Brucevolunteeredasusualinthecommunitycenter.“Ihadnosymptomsthattherewasanyproblem.Itwasacompletelynormalmorning;Ifeltfine,”heshared.“Iwasvisitingwithfriends.Then,Ipassedout.WhathappenednextIknowfromwhatothershavetoldme.”Bruce’sfriend,Jack,hadlearnedhowtoperformCPR,andhequicklybeganchestcompressions.Anotherfriend,Doug,dialed911andtheoperatorwalkedhimthroughcompressionsuntilfirstrespondersarrived.Oncetheambulancearrived,theparamedicstriedfivetimestorestartBruce’sheartwithanAED．Bythistime,Brucehadbeenwithoutaheartbeatforover30minutes,oftenwhentimeofdeathiscalled.Onthephonewithanemergencyroomdoctor.oneoftheparamedicswasinstructedtotrytwoAEDssimultaneously(同時(shí)).Itworked;Bruce’sheartbegantobeatagain.Incredibly,heawokethenextdayandwasabletocommunicate.Afteraweek,Brucemadeafullrecoveryandleftthehospital.SinceBruce’scardiacarrest,hehassincebeenabletoresumeanormallifewithsomedifferences.HenowisapassionateCPRadvocate.Hehassharedhisstoryinthenews,andlastyearhewasaguestspeakerattheAssociation’sIndianapolisHeart&StrokeBalltoencouragepeopletospreadthemessageofCPR.Finally,BrucesharedhisstoryinavideonowbeingusedtopromoteAmericanHeartAssociationHands-OnlyCPRkiosksinstalledaroundthecountry.4．WhatmadeBruce’ssurvivalfromasevereheartattackpossible?A．Thedoctor’sfirstaidwithoutdelay.B．Hisfriends’properguidanceonperformingCPR.C．Hisvolunteerexperiencesinthecommunitycenter.D．Theinstantactionsofhisfriendsandthefirstresponders.5．WhydidBrucesharehisstoryinavideo?A．ToadvocatetheapplicationofCPR. B．Toappealtomorepeopletovolunteer.C．Tosharehisstruggleforanormallife. D．Toenhancepeople’sawarenessoffitness.6．WhatcanwelearnfromBruce’sstory?A．Hardworkwillpayoffoneday. B．Theknowledgeoffirstaidcounts.C．Learningtoliveinthepresentmatters. D．Easeyourmindwhenpanicarises.7．Whatisthetext?A．Aresearchpaper. B．Abookreview.C．Anewsreport. D．Acourseadvertisement.話題七選五Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.8Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.“Asmallchangeinyoureverydayroutinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpactinthelongrun,”sayspreventivecardiologistDr.BethAbramson.●Geteighthoursofsleep.“Whenyou'renotrested,everythingthathappensinyourlifeisalotmorestressful,”saysDr.AryaSharma,aprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofAlberta.Ifwe'resleepdeprived,ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels.9●10Doinggoodforothershelpsyourself-esteemandrelievesstress.ResearchpublishedinPsychosomaticMedicinein2016showedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalowerlikelihoodofheartattackandstroke.“Weknowthatlonelinessisariskfactorforhearthealth,”addsSharma.“Volunteeringgetsyououtofthehouseandcreatesasocialnetwork.”●Avoidpollutedair.Exposuretothiskindofpollutionovertimeraisesyourriskofheartdisease.InhalingcontaminantsformedfromchemicalslikeSulphur(硫)dioxide,carbonandnitrogenoxidesmayirritatearteries(動(dòng)脈)andincreaseinflammation.11Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandindustrialdistricts,andspendmoretimeindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.●Eatbreakfast.ArecentstudyintheJournaloftheAmericanCollegeofCardiologyfoundthathealthypeoplewhoskippedbreakfastwerealmostthreetimesmorelikelytohaveheartdiseasesixyearslaterthanthosewhopartookinasubstantialmorningmeal.AccordingtoAbramson,youneedtoeatabalanceddietaspartofahealthylifestyle.12Ifyou'reeatingaproperbreakfast,you’relesslikelytobehungrylaterandmakepoorfoodchoices.A．Besocialandoutgoing.B．Engageinvoluntarywork.C．Therearephysiologicaleffectsofthisconditiononthebody.D．Thesefactorscanallhaveanimpactoncardiovascular(心血管的)health.E．Choosewhole-grain,low-fatbreakfastfoodsandincludefruit.F．Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,arewellknown.G．Evenshortperiodsofexposureareunhealthyforpeoplewithotherhealthrisks.專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練07心臟健康語(yǔ)法填空心肺健康與運(yùn)動(dòng)Beingfitearlierinlifeisassociatedwithareducedrisk,insomecasesofupto42%,ofdevelopingninedifferenttypesofcancerinlaterlife,accordingtoalargelong-termstudy.Thenewstudy,publishedintheBritishJournalofSportsMedicine,drewfromdatafrommorethan1millionmaleSwedishconscriptsbetween16and25,whowerefollowedforanaverageof33yearsfrom1968to2005.Theresultssuggestedthatgoodcardiorespiratoryfitness–anindividual’sabilitytoengageinsustainedaerobicexercisessuchasrunning,cycling,andswimming–wasassociatedwitha42%reducedriskoflungcancer,a40%reducedriskoflivercanceranda39%reducedriskofoesophagealcancer.Itwasalsoassociatedwithalowerriskofheadandneck,stomach,pancreaticbowelandkidneycancer.Reducingcancerriskisnottheonlyreasontoexercise.Therearecompoundbenefitsacrossemotionalhealthandpreventingcardiovasculardisease.Theleadresearcher,DrAronOnerup,said“somephysicalactivityisbetterthannone,thatmorephysicalactivityisbetterforoptimalhealthoutcomes”,andemphasisedthatitisnevertoolatetogetfittoreaphealthprotectivebenefits.Asforhowmuchexercise,DrClaireKnight,seniorhealthinformationmanageratCancerResearchUK,recommended150minutesofexerciseaweek,butsaid:“Youdon’tneedtorunamarathonorjoinagym–anythingthatgetsyouwarmer,slightlyoutofbreath,andyourheartbeatingfastercounts."Itdoesn’tmatterifyougoforabriskwalk,acyclewithafriend,orevengetthehouseworkdone,thesecouldallcountaswaystobeactive.”微笑與心臟健康Theoldadagethat“l(fā)aughteristhebestmedicine”maycontainanelementoftruthwhenitcomestohearthealth.Astudyhasdemonstratedthathavingachucklecausesthetissueinsidethehearttoexpand–andincreasesoxygenflowaroundthebody.Patientswithcoronaryarterydiseasewhoengagedinacourseoflaughtertherapyhadreducedinflammationandbetterhealth,theresearchfound."Ourstudyfoundthatlaughtertherapyincreasedthefunctionalcapacityofthecardiovascularsystem,”saidtheleadauthor,ProfMarcoSaffi,oftheHospitaldeClínicasdePortoAlegreinBrazil.ThefindingswerepresentedattheannualmeetingoftheEuropeanSocietyofCardiologyinAmsterdam,theworld’slargestheartconference.Inthetrial,scientistscarriedoutafirst-of-its-kindstudytoexamineiflaughtertherapycouldimprovesymptomsofpatientswithheartdisease.Itinvolved26adultswithanaverageageof64,alldiagnosedwithcoronaryarterydisease,causedbyplaquebuildupinthewallsofthearteriesthatsupplybloodtotheheart.Overthreemonths,halfwereaskedtowatchtwodifferenthour-longcomedyprogrammeseachweek,includingpopularsitcoms.Theotherhalfwatchedtwodifferentseriousdocumentaries,abouttopicssuchaspoliticsortheAmazonrainforest.Attheendofthe12-weekstudyperiod,thecomedygroupimprovedby10%inatestmeasuringhowmuchoxygentheirheartcouldpumparoundthebody.Thegroupalsoimprovedinasecondmeasurethattestedhowwellarteriescanexpand.Theyalsohadbloodteststomeasureseveralinflammatorybiomarkers,whichindicatehowmuchplaquehasbuiltupinthebloodvessels,andwhetherpeopleareatriskofheartattackorstroke.Theresultsshowedthattheseinflammatorymarkershadsignificantlyreducedcomparedwiththecontrolgroup."Whenpatientswithcoronaryarterydiseasearriveathospital,theyhavealotofinflammatorybiomarkers,”saidSaffi.“Inflammationisahugepartoftheprocessofatherosclerosis,whenplaquebuildsupinthearteries."Thisstudyfoundthatlaughtertherapyisagoodinterventionthatcouldhelpreducethatinflammationanddecreasetheriskofheartattackandstroke.話題閱讀1．D2．A3．C【來(lái)源】浙江省紹興市諸暨二中2021-2022學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)安妮的故事告訴我們恐慌癥和心臟病的區(qū)別，以及患了恐慌癥的人應(yīng)該尋求心理和醫(yī)療幫助。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“HerhusbandimmediatelyrushedAnnetoanearbyhospitalwhereherpainswerediagnosedashavingbeencausedbypanic,andnotaheartattack.(她的丈夫立即把安妮送到附近的醫(yī)院，在那里她的疼痛被診斷為由恐慌引起，而不是心臟病發(fā)作)”可知，安妮的疼痛是由恐慌引起的。故選D。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thethirdisthevarietyofsymptoms.Aheartattackvictimoftenexperiencesonlypainandshortnessofbreathwhileapanicattackvictimusuallysuffersmoresymptomsthanthetwomentioned.(第三是癥狀的多樣性。心臟病患者通常只會(huì)經(jīng)歷疼痛和呼吸短促，而恐慌癥患者通常會(huì)經(jīng)歷比上述兩種癥狀更多的癥狀)”可推斷，恐慌癥的癥狀范圍更廣。故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Dr.Crocker’sadvicetoanyonewhothinksheissufferingfromapanicattackistoconsultadoctorforamedicalexaminationtoruleoutthepossibilitiesofphysicalillnessfirst.Onceithasbeenconfirmedthatheorsheis,infact,sufferingfromapanicattack,thevictimshouldturntopsychologistsanddoctors.(Dr.Crocker給那些認(rèn)為自己患有恐慌癥的人的建議是，首先請(qǐng)醫(yī)生進(jìn)行體檢，排除身體疾病的可能性。一旦確認(rèn)自己確實(shí)患上了恐慌癥，受害者就應(yīng)該求助于心理學(xué)家和醫(yī)生)”可知，Dr.Crocker對(duì)于恐慌癥患者的建議是尋求心理和醫(yī)療幫助。故選C。4．D5．A6．B7．C【來(lái)源】浙江省紹興市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了BruceRichardson突發(fā)心臟疾病，幸虧朋友和急救人員的迅速行動(dòng)讓Bruce從嚴(yán)重的心臟病發(fā)作中幸存下來(lái)。而B(niǎo)ruce現(xiàn)在是一位熱情的心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)倡導(dǎo)者。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ThosearethewordsofBruceRichardson,whosurvivedacardiacarrest(心臟驟停)inJuly2016thankstothequickactionsofhisfriendsandthefirstresponderswhorefusedtogiveup.(這是布魯斯·理查森的話，他在2016年7月心臟驟停后幸免于難，這要?dú)w功于他的朋友們的迅速行動(dòng)和拒絕放棄的急救人員)”可知，朋友和急救人員的迅速行動(dòng)讓布魯斯從嚴(yán)重的心臟病發(fā)作中幸存下來(lái)。故選D。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Finally,BrucesharedhisstoryinavideonowbeingusedtopromoteAmericanHeartAssociationHands-OnlyCPRkiosksinstalledaroundthecountry.(最后，布魯斯在一個(gè)視頻中分享了他的故事，這個(gè)視頻現(xiàn)在被用來(lái)宣傳美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)在全國(guó)各地安裝的人工心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)亭)”可知，布魯斯要在視頻中分享他的故事是為了提倡應(yīng)用心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)。故選A。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Bruce’sfriend,Jack,hadlearnedhowtoperformCPR,andhequicklybeganchestcompressions.Anotherfriend,Doug,dialed911andtheoperatorwalkedhimthroughcompressionsuntilfirstrespondersarrived.(布魯斯的朋友杰克已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了如何進(jìn)行心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)，他很快開(kāi)始進(jìn)行胸部按壓。另一位朋友道格撥打了911，接線員帶著他進(jìn)行按壓，直到急救人員趕到)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了BruceRichardson突發(fā)心臟疾病，幸虧朋友和急救人員的迅速行動(dòng)讓Bruce從嚴(yán)重的心臟病發(fā)作中幸存下來(lái)。而B(niǎo)ruce現(xiàn)在是一位熱情的心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)倡導(dǎo)者。可知，布魯斯的故事告訴我們急救知識(shí)很重要。故選B。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要講述了BruceRichardson突發(fā)心臟疾病，幸虧朋友和急救人員的迅速行動(dòng)讓Bruce從嚴(yán)重的心臟病發(fā)作中幸存下來(lái)。而B(niǎo)ruce現(xiàn)在是一位熱情的心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)倡導(dǎo)者。可推知，文章是新聞報(bào)道。故選C。話題七選五8．F9．D10．B11．G12．E【來(lái)源】2023屆浙江省四校（杭州二中、溫州中學(xué)、紹興一中、金華一中）高三5月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題（含聽(tīng)力）【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要就如何預(yù)防心臟病提出了一些建議。8．根據(jù)上文“Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreven