山東省聊城市2022-2023學年高二年級下冊期末英語試卷(含答案)

山東省聊城市2022-2023學年高二下學期期末英語試卷

學校：___________姓名：班級：___________考號：

一、閱讀理解

Experiencingculture

CHI'sAcademicYearProgram(AYP)isyourchancetostudyinAmericaandspend

eitheranacademicyearorasemesterlivingwithavolunteerhostfamily.

TherequirementsforstudyinginAmerica

*Highschoolstudentswhoareaged15to18

*Ascoreofatleast212ontheELTiS(EnglishLanguageTestforInternationalStudents)

exam

Application

Contactapartneragencyinyourcountryoranearbyone.Wecanalsosendyonalistof

partnersnearyou.Theywillsetyouupwithanapplicationandletyouknowwhatyouneed

tosubmitinordertobeconsidered.

Admissionandvisa

OurAdmissionDepartmentreviewsandacceptsyourapplication.Weissueandsend

youragencytheFormDS-2019,whichistheofficialUSDepartmentofStatedocumentthat

allowsyoutoapplyforandreceiveyourJ-lvisa.OnceyoureceivetheDS-2019,youcan

makeyourvisaappointment.Whenthevisaisgranted(授予)，youaresettotravelto

America.

Homestay

Meanwhile,ourFieldandOperationsstaffworkhardtofindyoutheperfectfamilyand

schoolassoonaspossible!Oncetheyfindtherighthostfamilyforyou,youcanstarttoget

toknowyourhostfamilybyemail.

DeparttotheUSandmeetyourfamilyandfriends

Youragencywillbookyourflightaccordingtoyourschoolstartdate.Whenyouarrive,

wewillgiveyouastudentorientation(迎新會)andintroduceyoutootherexchangestudents

andthesurroundingcommunity.Whenschoolstarts,youwillbegintheprocessofcultural

exchange.

Contactus:1-800-432-4643;1-415-459-5397

Location:255WEndAvenueSanRafael,CA94901

1.Whocantakepartinthishomestayproject?

A.15-year-oldhighschoolstudentswith210ontheELTiSexam.

B.17-year-oldhighschoolstudentswith213ontheELTiSexam.

C.20-year-oldcollegestudentswith220ontheELTiSexam.

D.18-year-oldcollegestudentwith218ontheELTiSexam.

2.Whatshouldapplicantsdobeforemakingavisaappointment?

A.GainapprovalfromtheirschooPsAdmissionDepartment.

B.Getaletterofintroductionfromtheirteacher.

C.Contactthehostfamilyviaemail.

D.FillandsendtheFormDS-2019.

3.WhatawaitsthestudentswhentheyarriveintheUS?

A.Astudentorientation.

B.Apartywiththeirhostfamily.

C.Avolunteeractivityinthecommunity.

D.AmeetingwiththeFieldandOperationsstaff.

Forme,nothingismoresatisfyingthandiscoveringhiddengems（珍寶）insecondhand

shopsandestatesales.Afterall,oneperson'strashisanotherperson'streasure.

Twoyearsago,Icameacrossacollectionofloose,dustyphotos.Ithought:ifthesewere

mine,ormyfamily's,I'dwantsomeonetoreturnthemtome.SoImadeitmygoaltodoso

forothers.

I'vesincevisitedestatesalesandsecondhandshopsweekly,andhaveaccumulatedmore

than50,000oftheseitems.IorganizetheminbigboxesallovermyhouseinNewYork.

Photographs,homemovies,undevelopedfilms,photoalbums---younameit,I'vecollected

it.

I'vealsosetupasocialmediaaccounttohelpreuniteitemswiththeirownersorother

宿milymembers.Thequickestwe'vebeenabletofindanowneriswithintwominutes.

SomeonecommentedbelowaphotoIposted;*'Ithinkthafsmychild'spreschoolteacher.0

Thelongestwe'vetakentofindsomeoneisfourmonths,butI'mproudthatvvestillmanaged

todoit.Therearethousandsofphotosthathaveyettobereunited.Withoutsocialmedia,this

projectwouldnotbepossible.

Peopleareoftenquiteemotionalwhenwegetintouch--mostoftheseitemsarelost

afterahousemoveorafamilydeath.Sometimespeopledonateacameratoacharityshop

andforgettotakethememorycardout.

rdlovetocreateabuildingtoholdallthesememories.Iwanteveryphotoandvideoto

bedigitizedsotheycanbepreservedonline.Pmbringingtogetherateamtoreturnthephotos

totheirowners.Peoplegethookedonthefeel-goodstoriesthatcomeoutofthisandIdo,too.

4.Whatinspiredtheauthortostartcollectingoldphotosandvideos?

A.Hisinterestinsecondhandobjects.B.Advicefromhisfamily.

C.Somephotoshediscovered.D.Thebusinessopportunityhesaw.

5.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor'ssocialmediaaccount?

A.Hesetsituptocollectmoreitems.B.Hepostshisownphotosandfilms.

C.Itisfbrpeopletosharetheirstories,D.Ithelpsfindtheownersofthe

collecteditems.

6.Howdopeoplefeelwhentheauthorcontactsthem?

A.Touched.B.Relaxed.C.Hopeful.D.Calm.

7.Whatdoestheauthorplantodo?

A.Worktogetherwithsecondhandshops.B.Createadigitalcopyofthephotos.

C.Collectmorestoriesbehindthephotos,D.Setupanofficialwebsiteforhis

project.

Newresearchhasfoundcaringfbrgrandchildrencanmakeadifferencetoseniors.

PublishingtheirfindingsinthejournalAging&MentalHealth,ateamofexpertsfrom

GermanyandtheU.K.revieweddatafrom28studieswhichincluded191,652adultsfrom21

countries.

Peopleaged60orabovewhocaredfortheirgrandchildrenforanaverageof12hoursa

weekwere60%lesslikelytoexperiencelonelinessthannon-caregivers,oneofthereviewed

studiesfound,Fiveotherstudies,outofatotalofseven,alsoproduceddatashowinga

negativeconnectionbetweenlonelinessandcare-givingfbrgrandchildren.What飛more,five

outofsixreviewedstudiesfoundseniorswhovolunteeredintheircommunitiesfeltless

lonelythanthosewhodidn't.

"Thisisthefirstreviewofitskindtolookintotherelationshipbetweencare-giving,

volunteering,andlonelinessinoldpeople,uco-authorDr.MatthewPrinasaid."Further

researchcouldhelpfindthebestdose（劑量）ofcaringfbrgrandchildren.Butvaluingtheir

unpaidactivitieswilllikelyplayanimportantroleintheirwell-being.Wealsolookedat

studiesthatfocusedoncare-givingforpartnerswithserioushealthconditions.Inthosecases,

seniorsreportedhavinghigherlevelsofloneliness.Thiskindofcare-givingmaybedalonely

experiencewhenthereislackofsupportfromothers."

Expertsfurtherexplainedthatwhencaringfbrchildren,olderadultstendtobemore

drawnintosociety,throughthingslikeschool,playdatesandothersocialevents.For

example,seniorscanactivelyjoinindifferentactivitiesandcontinuouslylearnthingsfroma

youngergeneration.

Whilenoteveryonehasyoungchildrenintheirlife,volunteeringopportunitiesalso

work.NowonegroupcalledElderaisbringingthetwoconceptstogether.Itfocuseson

connectinggenerationsbypairingexperiencedadultsaged60orabovewithchildrenacross

theworld.Thewisdomoftheelders,withyearsofexperience,knowledgeandcommonsense,

isthemostvaluableresourcefortheyoungergeneration.Itcanhelpthemimagineabetter

future.

8.Whatdidthenewresearchfindoutabouttheelderly?

A.60%seniorsarelesslikelytosufferloneliness.B.Manyofthemarewillingtobe

volunteers.

C.Theirnientalhealtliisrelatedtoiheiipeisonality.D.Caregivingandvolunteering

canreduceloneliness.

9.WhatcanwcinferfromDr.Matthew'swordsinParagraph3?

A.Theneedsoftheelderlyarealwaysplacedsecond.

B.Theelderlyhardlygetsupportfromtheirfamilymembers.

C.Respectingtheold'scontributionsisbeneficialtotheirhealth.

D.Itisatoughjobfortheelderlytocarefortheirgrandchildren.

10.Whateffectdoescaringforgrandchildrenmainlyhaveontheelderly?

A.Itinspiresthemtounderstandthesociety.B.Ithelpsthemgetmoresocial

opportunities.

C.Itenablesthemtoimprovecommonsense.D.Itenhancestheirworkingability.

11.WhatisthebenefitofcreatingEldera?

A.Providingvolunteeropportunitiesfbrtheyoung.

B.Callingonpeopletocaremoreabouttheelderly.

C.Spreadingthewisdomoftheoldtotheyoung.

D.Teachingoldpeopleskillsofcaringfbrchildren.

Spiderwebsaremadefromsilk.Andsilkismadefromsomethingscientistscall

“proteins”.Proteinsarespecialchemicalsmadebyalivingthinglikeananimaloraplant.

Youhavelotsoftheminyourbody.Yourhairandyournailsaremadeofproteins(theyare

bothmadebyaproteincalled"keratin").Insectsandspidersmakesilkinaspecialpartof

theirbodiescalledagland(腺),andusetheirlegstopullitoutoftheirbodies.Thisiscalled

spinning.Mostspeciesofspiderhavemorethanonekindofsilkgland.Eachonehas

differentstrengthandstretchinessandisusedfbraspecificpurposesuchaswebframe,or

coveringeggs.Thestrengthandstretchinessofsilkdependsonthewaythespider'sbody

arrangesthesilkproteins.

Wedon'tusuallynoticejusthowstrongtheycanbebecausetheyareamazinglythin.

Butthestrongestsilk,suchassilkfromagoldenorbspider,isactuallystrongerthansteel.

Evenmoreamazing,itisabout50timesaslight.Actually,spidersilkisabitlikeacross

betweensteelandrubber.Evenwiththehelpofcomplicatedmachinesandchemicals,

humansstilldon'tknowhowtomakeamaterialthisstrong,stretchy,andlight.Spidersare

stillthechampionsatthis.

Infact,silk-makinganimalsincludecrickets,glow-woirns,ants,bees,etc.Someofthese

makesilktoprotectthemselves.Crickets,forexample,usesilktosewleavestogetherto

buildanest.Someusesilkforhunting,suchasspidersandevenglow-worms,whichuse

stickysilktocaptureflyinganimalsthey'dliketoeat.

Studiesaboutspiderwebscouldpavethewayfbrcreatingnewmaterialsthatcouldbe

usedinmedicineandengineering.Butsynthetic（人工合成的）spidersilkhasbeendifficult

tocreate.Inthemeantime,researchershopetheirworkwillhelpusunreeloneofthetoughest

materialsofthenaturalworld.

12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?

A.Insectsandspiders,legscanmakesilk.

B.Spiderwebsaremadeofkeratin.

C.Allspeciesofspidershaveavarietyofsilkglands.

D.Arrangementsofproteinsdeterminesilkfeatures.

13.Whyissteelmentionedinparagraph2?

A.Tostressthestrengthofspidersilk.B.Todescribetheadvantagesofspiders.

C.Tocomparethetwomaterials.D.Tohighlightspiders'advantagesover

people.

14.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwordinparagraph4?

A.Remove.B.Explore.C.Test.D.Replace.

15.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toraiseawarenessoftheresearchoninsects,B.Toexplaintheknowledgeabout

spidersilk.

C.Toencourageustofocusmoreonthespiders.D.Topresenttheapplicationofspider

silk.

二、七選五

16.Thefearofmakingthewrongdecision,ordecidophobia（選擇恐懼癥），can

influencepeopleevenwhenitcomestothesmallestchoices,suchaswhattohavefbrlunch.

①Belowareseveraltipstoovercomeitandhelpyouprogressinlife.

TrytheDecision-MakingQuadrant（象限）

Agoodtoolfordecision-makingistheDecision-MakingQuadrant.Inrelationtothe

decisiontobemade,listanswerstothesefourquestions:WhathappensifXhappens?What

won'thappenifXhappens?WhathappensifXdoesn'thappen?Whatwon'thappenifX

doesn'thappen?②

Reducethenumberofdecisions

Ifmakingdecisionsisaweakness,it'simportanttoadmitthatandreducedecision-

makinginasmanyareasaspossible.Eatsetmeals.Wearstandardoutfits.③Do

everythingelseyoucantoreducedecisions.Then,considerpracticingmakingdecisionswith

someonewhoismoredecisive.

Takeitonestepatatime

Changecanbehard.Noteveryonelikestobedifferentfromroutinebymaking

decisions,bigorsmall.Whenmakingadecision,lookatitasalearningexperience.④

Don'tbeafraidoftheresult.Lookforwardtoit.

Seethingsfromadifferentperspective

Whendecisionparalysis（決策癱瘓）hastakenoverandHwhatifsuareholdingyoudown,

sometimesyouneedtostepoutsideofyourselffbradifferentperspective.⑤Ask

yourself,"Whatwouldheorshedo?"andletitbeyourguide.

A.Thinkaboutsomeoneyoutrustandrespect.

B.Developamorning,work,andeveningroutine.

C.Createanactionlistwithdecisiondeadlinesandsticktoit.

D.Yourdecisionwillalmostalwaysbefoundinyouranswers.

E.Everychoiceyoumaketeachesyousomething.

F.Itcankeepyoustuckinplacewhenyoushouldbemovingforward.

G.Ifdecision-makingisdifficultfbryou,firsttakealookatpotentialchoicesandresults.

三、完形填空（15空）

MasakoWakamiya,anativeofKanagawa,Japan,sawaneedinhercommunity.There

werenogoodmobileappsforpeopleofher1.Soat81,shelookedaroundandsaid2、

"I'lldoitmyself!"Herstory3usallthatwe'renevertoooldtotrysomething4.

Weoftenthinkofcoding（編碼）as5—atleastIknowIdo.ButMasakohada

different6—shethoughtitcouldbe7.Codingcantakeafewmonthstomultipleyears

to8,dependingonhowcomplicatedyourendgoalsare,thetypeofworkyouwanttodo

andhowlongyou9oniteveryweek.

Masakoneverusedacomputeruntilshewas58yearsold.Havingno10with

technology,sheoriginallyaskedsomeyoungerapp11tomakesomethingforher.But

whentheysaidthattheydidn'tknowwhatseniors12inanapp,shetookmattersintoher

ownhands.

Thatday,herappstorywasborn.Masakomadeither13tohelpseniorcitizensget

engagedwithtechnologysotheycanstay_14andleadmorefulfillinglives,15the

isolationthatoftencomeswithaging.

17.A.ageB.genderC.characterD.status

18.A.sadlyB.shylyC.angrilyD.firmly

19.A.warnsB.teachesC.guaranteesD.informs

20.A.magicB.basicC.availableD.new

21.A.complexB.specialC.accurateD.automatic

22.A.aspectB.aimC.viewD.way

23.A.painfulB.funC.boringD.perfect

24.A.arrangeB.controlC.analyzeD.learn

25.A.passB.wasteC.spendD.save

26.A.communicationB.combinationC.experienceD.patience

27.A.developersB.usersC.applicantsD.sellers

28.A.discoveredB.downloadedC.storedD.wanted

29.A.permissionB.missionC.freedomD.agreement

30.A.devotedB.consciousC.connectedD.

independent

31.A.preventingB.causingC.sufferingD.leading

四、短文填空

32.Yanggeisatypeoffolkdance①originatedinthenorthernregionsof

China.Itisverypopularespeciallyamongtheoldergeneration,astheywill②

(ready)joinayanggedanceevenwhentheperformanceishappening.

ThedanceisdifferentfromotherChinesedancesinmanyways.Forinstance,it

promotesasenseof③(happy),becauseitissupposed④(celebrate)

happyoccasions,asopposedtoclassicalChinesedancing,whichrequiresanairofserious,

gradualmovements.

Itissaidthattheoriginsofthis⑤(wonder)dancearefromtheHanDynastyin

northernChina,⑥itreacheditspeakduringtheQingDynasty.Duringthistime,it

wasnolongeradance⑦(perform)duringharvests,butitextendedtoallfestival

celebrations.

Thedancehasfourregionalvarieties.Eachvariety⑧(have)itsunique

charactersandtheyarequiteeasytotellapart.Buttheysharethecommonthreeparts:the

dancers,themusicband,andtheleader.Yanggewasalways?essentialpartof

dailyChineselifethatadaptedtothetimesitwasin.Yanggehasmadeitintoawell-

preservedaspectoftheculturethatstillholdsstrongtothisday,even⑩(become)a

partofrequiredcoursesforChinesedancestudentstolearn.

五、書面表達

33.假如你是李華，你校新開設了一門太極拳(taichi)選修課，你想邀請你班的交換生

Jack和你一起報名參加,請寫封郵件向他推薦這門課程，內(nèi)容包括：

1.推薦理由；

2.課程簡介；

3.期待回復。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

DearJack,

Yours,

LiHua

六、讀后續(xù)寫

34.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫,使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。

Afterdinner,Mrs.QuimbytoldthefamilythatGrandma,wholivedonafarm,hadsentinalotof

pumpkinsfbrjack-o'-lanterns（空心南瓜燈）fortheneighborhoodchildren.Therewasoneinthebasement

waitingtobecarved,sheadded.Ramonasprangtoherfeetanddasheddowntobringitup,butitwastoo

heavyforasecond-grader.FinallyMr.Ouimbygaveahand.

"Let'smakeitsmilelikelastyear/*exclaimedRamona.

“Hmm.Let'ssce.'*Mr.Quimbystudiedthepumpkin,turningittofindthebestsidefortheface.With

apencilhesketched（素描）anose-shapednose,notatriangle.Thenthemouthturneduponbothsides,

“smiling!”Ramonaclappedherhands.

Mr.Quimbynoddedwithasmile,cutacirclearoundthelopofthepumpkinandlifteditofffbralid.

Withoutbeingasked,Ramonafoundabigspoonforscoopingouttheseeds.Picky-Dicky,theQuimbys'

shabbyoldcat,cameintothekitchentoseeifsomethinghadbeenputinhisdish.Whenhefoundthatit

hadnot,hepaused,sniffedthepumpkinsmellandangrilywalkedoutwithhistailtwitching.

Mr.Quimbybegantowhistleashecarvedwithskillandcare,firstamouthfulofteeth,eachoneneat

andsquare,theneyesandeyebrows.HewasworkingontwoearsshapedlikequestionmarkswhenMrs.

QuimbyannounceditwasbedtimeforRamona.UnwillinglyRamonaran,tookashowerandquickly

returned.Now,Mr.QuimbyhadjustcarvedafewC-shapedcurls（卷發(fā)）aroundtheholeinthetopofthe

pumpkin.Hereachedinsideanddugacandleholderinthebottom.

“There,“hesaid,puttingdownhisknife.44Aworkofart."Mrs.Quimbyfoundacandleslub（殘根），

inserteditinthepumpkin,lititandsetthelidinplace.Ramonaturnedoffthelight.Thejack-o'-lantern

wassmilingwithaflickeringflame."Wow!"Ramonathrewherarmsaroundherfatherbeforegoingto

bedwithgreatsatisfaction.

注意：

1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應為150左右；

2.應使用5個以上短文中標有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；

3.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；

4.續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。

Paragraph1:

InthemiddleofthenightRamonaawoketoanoise.

Paragraph2:

Onthetabletheirjack-o'-lanternnolongerhadawholeface.

參考答案

1.答案：B

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TherequirementsforstudyinginAmerica”部分的"High

schoolstudentswhoareaged15to18（153518歲的高中生）”以及"Ascoreofatleast212

ontheELTiS（EnglishLanguageTestforInternationalStudents）exam（ELTiS（國際學生英

語語言測試）考試成績至少212分）”可知國際學生英語語言測試考試成績在212分以

上的15至18歲的高中生有資格參與項目，故選B項。

2.答案：D

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Admissionandvisa”部分的"Weissueandsendyouragency

theFormDS-2019,whichistheofficialUSDepartmentofStatedocumentthatallowsyouto

applyforandreceiveyourJ-lvisa.OnceyoureceivetheDS-2019,youcanmakeyourvisa

appointment（我們向您的代理機構(gòu)發(fā)布并發(fā)送DS-2019表格，這是美國國務院的官方文

件，允許您申請和接收J-1簽證。一旦您收到DS-2019,您就可以預約簽證）”可知，在

申請預約簽證之前，應填寫并郵寄DS-2019表格，故選D項。

3.答案：A

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“DeparttotheUSandmeetyourfamilyandfriends”部分的

“Whenyouarrive,wewillgiveyouastudentorientation（迎新會）andintroduceyoutoother

exchangestudentsandthesurroundingcommunity.（當你到達時，我們將為組織一場學生

迎新會，并將你介紹給其他交換生和周圍的社區(qū)）“可知，當學生到達美國的時候，等

待他們的是一場學生迎新會，故選A項。

4.答案：C

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Twoyearsagojcameacrossa

collectionofloose,dustyphotos.Ithought:iftheseweremine,ormyfamily's,rdwantsom

eonetoreturnthemtome.SoImadeitmygoaltodosoforothers.（兩年前，我偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一組

松散、布滿灰塵的照片。我想：如果這些是我的，或者是我家人的，我會希望有人把

它們還給我。所以我把為別人做這件事作為我的目標。）可知作者發(fā)現(xiàn)的一些照片促

使作者開始收集老照片和視頻。故選C。

5.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段

rvealsosetupasocialmediaaccounttohelpreuniteitemswiththeirownersorotherfamilymembers.

（我還建立了一個社交媒體賬戶，幫助物品與失主或其他家庭成員團聚。）

Withoutsocialmedia,thisprojectwouldnotbepossible.（沒有社交媒體，這個項目是不可能

的。）可知作者的社交賬號有幫著找到被收集物品的主人。故選D。

6.答案：A

解析：觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Peopleareoftenquiteemotionalwhenwegetintouch—

mostoftheseitemsarelostafterahousemoveorafamilydeath.Sometimespeopledonatea

cameratoacharityshopandforgettotakethememorycardout（當我們與他們?nèi)〉寐?lián)系時，他

們通常都很感動■這些物品大多是在搬家或家人去世后丟失的。有時人們把相機捐給慈

善商店，卻忘了取出存儲卡。）可知當作者聯(lián)系這些人的時候人們非常感動。

A.Touched感動的；B.Relaxed放松的；C.Hopeful有希望的；D.Calm冷靜的。故選

Ao

7.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Fdloveiocreatea

buildingtoholdanthesememories.Iwanteveryphotoandvideotobedigitizedsotheycanbepreserve

donline.rmbringingtogetherateamtoreturnthephotostotheirowners.Peoplegethookedonthefeel-

goodstoriesthatcomeoutofthisandIdo,too.（我想建造一座建筑來保存所有這些回憶。我

希望每一張照片和視頻都能數(shù)字化，這樣就能保存在網(wǎng)上。我正在召集一個團隊把照

片還給它們的主人。人們被由此產(chǎn)生的感覺良好的故事所吸引，我也一樣。）可知作

者計劃將這些照片進行數(shù)字化處理，創(chuàng)建一個數(shù)字副本以便保存在網(wǎng)上。故選B。

8.答案：D

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二"Peopleaged60orabovewhocaredfortheir

grandchildrenforanaverageof12hoursaweekwere60%lesslikelytoexperienceloneliness

thannon-caregivers,oneofthereviewedstudiesfound,Fiveotherstudies,outofatotalof

seven,alsoproduceddatashowinganegativeconnectionbetweenlonelinessandcare-giving

forgrandchildren.What'smore,fiveoutofsixreviewedstudiesfoundseniorswho

volunteeredintheircommunitiesfeltlesslonelythanthosewhodidn't.（其中一項研究發(fā)

現(xiàn)，60歲或以上的老人每周平均花12個小時照顧孫子孫女，比不照顧孫子孫女的人

感到孤獨的可能性要低60%。在總共7項研究中，還有5項研究也得出了數(shù)據(jù)，顯示

孤獨和照顧孫子孫女之間存在負相關(guān)。更重要的是，六項研究中有五項發(fā)現(xiàn)，在社區(qū)

做志愿者的老年人比那些沒有做志愿者的老年人感到更少的孤獨）可知，照顧孫輩以

及做志愿者服務的老年人比不這樣做的人更少感到孤獨，即，對于老年人來說，照顧

他人和做志愿者可以減少孤獨感。故選D。

9.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三"Furtherresearchcouldhelpfindthebestdoseofcaring

forgrandchildren.Butvaluingtheirunpaidactivitieswilllikelyplayanimportantroleintheir

well-.being.（進一步的研究可以幫助找到照顧孫輩的最佳劑量。但重視他們的無償活

動可能會在他們的幸福感中發(fā)揮重要作用）可知，尊重老人的無償貢獻有利于他們的

健康。故選C。

10.答案：B

解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四"Expeilsfurtherexplainedthatwhencaringfor

children,olderadultstendtobemoredrawnintosociety,throughthingslikeschool,playdates

andothersocialevents.Forexample,seniorscanactivelyjoinindifferentactivitiesand

continuouslylearnthingsfromayoungergeneration..（專家進一步解釋說，在照顧孩子

時，老年人往往更容易被社會所吸引，比如通過學校、游戲約會和其他社會活動。例

如，老年人可以積極參加不同的活動，不斷向年輕一代學習）可知，照顧孩子時，老

年人可以積極參加不同的活動，即，可以擁有更多參與社會活動的機會。故選B。

11.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一"NowonegroupcalledElderaisbringingthetwo

conceptstogether.ltfocusesonconnectinggenerationsbypairingexperiencedadultsaged60

orabovewithchildrenacrosstheworld.Thewisdomoftheelders,withyearsof

experience,knowledgeandcommonsense,isthemostvaluableresourcefortheyounger

generation.ltcanhelpthemimagineabetterfuture.（現(xiàn)在，一個名為Eldera的組織正在將

這兩個概念結(jié)合起來。它的重點是通過將60歲或以上的有經(jīng)驗的成年人與世界各地的

孩子配對來連接幾代人。長者的智慧，加上多年的經(jīng)驗、知識和常識，是年輕一代最

寶貴的資源。它可以幫助他們想象一個更美好的未來）可知，這個叫Eldera的組織將

60歲或以上的有經(jīng)驗的成年人與世界各地的孩子進行配對，而長者的智慧，加上多年

的經(jīng)驗、知識和常識，是年輕一代最寶貴的資源。由此可知，該組織可以幫助把老人

的智慧傳授給年輕人。故選C。

12.答案：D

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段Thestrengthandstretchinessofsilkdependsonthe

waythespidersbodyarrangesthesilkproteins.蛛絲的強度和彈性取決于蜘蛛身體排列絲

蛋白的方式。可知，蜘蛛身體內(nèi)蛋白質(zhì)的排列決定了蛛絲的強度和彈性。故正確答案

為D。

13.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段Butthestrongestsilk,suchassilkfromagoldenorb

spider,isactualystrongerthansteel..但是最堅硬的蛛絲，比如金球蜘蛛的蛛絲，實際上比

鋼還要堅硬?？芍诙翁岬戒摰哪康氖菑娬{(diào)蜘蛛絲的強度。故正確答案為A。

14.答案：B

解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單司前Studiesaboutspiderwebscouldpavethewayfor

creatingnewmaterialsthatcouldbeusedinmedicineandengineering.對蜘蛛網(wǎng)的研究可以

為創(chuàng)造可用于醫(yī)學和工程的新材料鋪平道路。但是合成蜘蛛絲很難制造。和

researchershopetheirworkwillhelpus研究人員希望他們的工作能幫助我們。以及劃線

單詞后的oneofthetoughestmaterialsofthenaturalworld自然界中最堅硬的材料之一。

可知，對蜘蛛網(wǎng)的研究很有益處，因此研究人員希望自己的工作能夠探秘自然界最堅

硬的材料。unreel意為“探索、探秘”，與B選項意思相近。故正確答案為B。

15.答案：B

解析：寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章第一段Mostspeciesofspiderhavemorethanonekindof

silkgland.Eachonehasdifferentstrengthandstretchinessandisusedforaspecificpurpose

suchaswebframe,orcoveringeggs.Thestrengthandstretchinessofsilkdependsontheway

thespider'sbodyarrangesthesilkproteins.大多數(shù)種類的蜘蛛都有不止一種絲腺。每一種

都有不同的強度和彈性，用于特定的蜘蛛身體排列絲蛋白的方式。和第二段wedont

usuallynoticejusthowstrongtheycanbebecausetheyareamazinglythin.Butthestrongest

silk,suchassilkfromagoldenorbspider,isactuallystrongerthansteel.Evenmoreamazing,it

isabout50timesaslight.我們通常不會注意到它們有多強壯，因為它們非常薄。但是最

堅硬的蛛絲，比如金球蜘蛛的蛛絲，實際上比鋼還要堅硬。更神奇的是，它的亮度是

地球的50倍。1以及最后一段Studiesaboutspiderwebscouldpavethewayforcreating

newmaterialsthatcouldbeusedinmedicineandengineering.Butsynthetic（人工合成的）

spidersilkhasbeendifficulttocreate.對蜘蛛網(wǎng)的研究可以為創(chuàng)造可用于醫(yī)學和工程的新

材料鋪平道路。但是合成蜘蛛絲一直很難制造出來。可知，文章主要解釋了些關(guān)于蜘

蛛絲的知識，蛛絲的性質(zhì)以及用處等等。由此可知，作者寫作本文的目的是介紹蜘蛛

絲的相關(guān)知識。故正確答案為Be

16.答案：①-⑤FDBEA

解析：

①根據(jù)Thefearofmakingthewrongdecision,ordecidophobia（選擇恐懼癥），can

influencepeopleevenwhenitcomestothesmallestchoices,suchaswhattohaveforlunch.

對做出錯誤決定的恐懼，或“選擇恐懼癥”，甚至會影響到人們在最小的選擇上，比如

午餐吃什么?？芍?，上文主要介紹了選擇恐懼癥的危害。選項FTtcankeepyoustuck

inplacewhenyoushouldbemovingforward.當你應該前進的時候，它會讓你停滯不

前?！毖永m(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指的都是選擇恐懼癥的危害。故正確答案為F。

②根據(jù)Inrelationtothedecisiontobemade,listanswerstothesefourquestions:What

happensifXhappens?Whatwon'thappenifXhappens?WhathappensifXdoesn't

happen?Whatwon'thappenifXdoesn'thappen?關(guān)于要做的決定，列出以下四個問題

的答案：如果X發(fā)生了會發(fā)生什么？如果X發(fā)生，什么不會發(fā)生？如果X不發(fā)生會怎

樣？如果X不發(fā)生，什么不會發(fā)生？可知，在做出決定前我們可以問問自己這四個問

題。選項D"Yourdecisionwillalmostalwaysbefoundinyouranswers.你的決定幾乎總是

在你的答案中找到?！爸傅氖钱斈慊卮鹆怂膫€問題之后，你就可以做出正確的決定。故

正確答案為D。

@Ifmakingdecisionsisaweakness,it'simportanttoadmitthatandreducedecision-making

inasmanyareasaspossible.Eatsetmeals.Wearstandardoutfits.如果做決定是一個弱點，

那么承認這一點并在盡可能多的領域減少決策是很重要的。吃固定餐。穿標準的服

裝?？芍衔慕ㄗh減少需要做出決定的可能性。選項B"Devebpamorning,work,and

eveningroutine.養(yǎng)成早上、上班和晚上的固定做法?！迸c上文內(nèi)容一,致，指的都是形成

慣例，減少做出決定。故正確答案為B。

④根據(jù)Whenmakingadecision,lookatitasalearningexperience.做決定的時候，把它看

作是一次學習的經(jīng)歷?？芍?，作者認為每一次做決定都是一次學習的經(jīng)歷。選項

EuEverychoiceyoumaketeachesyousomething.你所做的每一個選擇都會教會你一些東

西?！笔巧衔膬?nèi)容的延續(xù)，與上文內(nèi)容一致，指的都是每做一次決定都可以從中學習一

些東西。故正確答案為E。

⑤根據(jù)Askyo