新人教版英語選擇性必修三導(dǎo)學(xué)案 UNIT 3 Section Ⅱ

SectionIILearningAboutLanguage（Grammar）

課前預(yù)習(xí),

--------------------------------------------------------------------------KEQIANYUXIZlJIAN-----------------------------------------------------------------

I.重點(diǎn)詞匯

1.friendly^peacefulandwithoutanydisagreement-----adj.harmonious

2.toimproveasystem,anorganization,alaw,etc.bymakingchangestoit-----

v.reform

3.happeningordoneonceeveryyearabook,especiallyoneforchildren,thatis

publishedonceayear,withthesametitleeachtime,butdifferentcontents------adj.&n.

annual

4.togiveadocument,proposal,etc.tosbinauthoritysothattheycanstudyor

considerit------v.submit

5.comingfrom,foundinortypicalofthetropics-----adj.tropical

6.thatisneitherverygood,large,hot,etc.norverybad,small,cold,etc.----adj.

moderate

7.awareofandabletounderstandotherpeopleandtheirfeelings-----adj,

sensitive

II.教材原句

1.Thousandsofbabypenguinsstarvedtodeathbecausethe

（不斷變化的氣彳疾）forcedtheirparentstoleavethemandtravel

longdistancesinsearchoffood.

答案：changingclimate

2.Thespeakersaidthemediashould（進(jìn)行更多的廣播）that

spreadawarenessoftheclimatecrisisandpossiblesolutions.

答案:makemorebroadcast

3.Todealwithclimatechange,wemust（抓住主動權(quán)）todo

whateverisnecessarytoprotectourenvironment.

答案:seizetheinitiative

4.Themeasurementsbyclimateexpertsshow（上升的趨勢）

ofcarbondioxideemissions.

答案：arisingtrend

5.（為了應(yīng)對）thisenvironmentalissue,Chinais

implementingsignificantpoliciesandmeasurestoaddressclimatechange.

答案：Inresponseto

6.Abreakdowninthecomputersystemwas（為...負(fù)責(zé)）

yesterday'schaosinthesubwaystation.

答案：responsiblefor

7.Theexpertsaid,“Fromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedto

（已經(jīng)餓死了）

答案:havestarvedanddied

8.Thereporteraskedhowwecouldsavepolarbears（免于滅

絕）.

答案：fromextinction

9.Couldyouexplainhowthe（核災(zāi)難）happened?

答案:nucleardisaster

10.Howmanyanimalshavedisappearedbecauseof（人類狩

獵）？

答案:humanhunting

----------------------------------------------------ZHONGDIANHEZUOTANJIU-----------------------------------------------------------------

reform況.&破.改革；（使）改正；改造加改革；變革；改良（教材

1

P28）

reform...into...

歸納

拓展

reformern.改革者:

情

助記

①Withthissystem,thetraditionalmakingisreformedintoup-to-date

computerizedtechniqueprocess.

該系統(tǒng)把傳統(tǒng)工藝過程改造為現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)流程。

②Hehasurgedcompletereformofthewelfaresystem.

他極力主張對福利制度進(jìn)行徹底改革。

③Hisearlyexperiencesturnedhimintoapassionatesocialreformer.

他早年的經(jīng)歷使他成了一個熱情的社會改革家。

Q即景活用

(1)單句語法填空

①Anyonewhoisabletoworkshalldosotoaccepteducationandreform

labor.

②Inhislastletter,hereferredtothereformtheeconomicstructure.

③Whatweneedinsuchasituationareexperiencedworkers,not

(reform).

答案：①through②of?reformers

(2)單句表達(dá)

他們把我們公司改造成了一所技術(shù)培訓(xùn)學(xué)校o

Theyourcompanyatechnique-trainingschool.

答案：reformed;into

2undergovt.經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受（變化、不快等）（教材P28）

undergo與experience的區(qū)另U:

易混（l）undergo指事物經(jīng)歷變遷、變化等，也可指人經(jīng)受危險、考驗(yàn)、

辨析手術(shù)等不愉快、痛苦或危險的事，強(qiáng)調(diào)忍耐或屈從。

（2）experience強(qiáng)調(diào)親身經(jīng)歷或體驗(yàn)?zāi)呈挛铩?/p>

①Heunderwentalotofhardshipsinhischildhood.

他在童年時代經(jīng)歷了許多坎坷。

②Manyoldpeoplehaveexperiencedsuchproblems.

很多老年人都遇到過這類問題。

Q即景活用

單句表達(dá)

①她泣訴了這些年來所受的苦。

Shetearfullyrecountedthesufferinginthepast

fewyears.

②世界正經(jīng)歷百年未有之大變局o

Thewholeworldneverseeninrecent

centuries.

答案：①shehadundergone②isexperiencinggreatchanges

moderateadj.適度的；中等的；溫和的vi.&vt,緩和；使適中（教

3

材P28)

a力.適度的；中「moderatein在...

歸納等的；溫和的[方面穩(wěn)健的防節(jié)制的

成&班緩和；使適中）

拓展

Jnwderalelyad”.適度；適量；適中

情景

助記

①Butyoumustbemoremoderateinyourdrinking.Toomuchwinecaneasily

leadtoserioustrouble!

不過以后喝酒要適可而止，喝多了容易誤事!

②Sheonlydidmoderatelywellintheexam.

她這次考試成績還好。

Q即景活用

單句語法填空

①Thehotelismoderateitspriceandservice.

②There'sverylittle(moderate)pricedhousinginthisarea.

答案：①in②moderately

4submitvt.&vi.提交；呈遞；屈服（教材P28）

submitsthtosb向某人呈交某物

submitvt.&vi.提_submit（oneself）tosb/sth/doing

歸納交；呈遞；屈服「［服從于某人/某事/做某事

拓展submissionn.投降；提交（或呈遞）

的文件；服從

情景

助記

①Somestudentshavenotyetsubmittedtheiressaystotheirtutors.

有些學(xué)生尚未把論文交給導(dǎo)師。

②Nocountrywouldsubmittobeingcontrolledbyanothercountry.

沒有任何一個國家甘受別國的控制。

③Hesubmittedhimselftoasearchbytheguards.

他只好讓衛(wèi)兵搜查。

④Whenisthefinaldateforthesubmissionofproposals?

呈交提案的最后日期是什么時候？

口即景活用

⑴單句語法填空

①Theplanwillbesubmittedthecommitteeforofficialapproval.

②Awritten(submit)hastobeprepared.

答案：①to②submission

（2）單句表達(dá)

他們沒有向敵人屈服。

Theydidnottheenemy.

答案：submitto

5sensitiveadj.敏感的；善解人意的；靈敏的（教材P29）

besensitiveIo對...敏感

sensitiveadj.敏感

歸納的；善解人意的;_besensitiveabout

靈敏的在乎，在意.

拓展

sensitively。曲.敏感地；易受傷害地）

①Somepeople'steetharehighlysensitivetocold.

有些人的牙齒對冷是高度敏感的O

②Heistoosensitiveabouthisfamilybackground.

是他太過在意自己的家庭背景。

③Hewritessensitively.

他文筆細(xì)膩。

N即景活用

⑴單句語法填空

①Youngpeopleareverysensitivetheirappearance.

②Thistypeofplantresponsesmost(sensitive)totemperaturechange.

答案：①about②sensitively

(2)單句表達(dá)

我們中的一些人對氣味很敏感，另一些人覺得顏色更容易記住。

Someofus________________smells,whileothersfindcolourseasierto

remember.

答案:aresensitiveto

Grammar直接引語和間接引語

r-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------o思維導(dǎo)圖■》_

引用或轉(zhuǎn)述別人說的話時有兩種方法：以接引述別人的原話，叫直接引語（direct叩lch）

定義.用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話,叫間接引語（indirectspeech）

（?接引語如果是陳述句,間接引語應(yīng)改為由thal引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

（直接引語和間接引語）直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由

'V'whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

\宜接引語如果是特殊疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的

J相互轉(zhuǎn)換的一般規(guī)叫賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）________________________________

直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)改為“tell（ask,order,beg等）sh（not）

todesth”句型

直接引語如果是以“Lett”開頭的祈使句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常用“suggest

+動名詞（或從句）”

直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)一般不變化的情況

O語法體驗(yàn)

把下列直接引語轉(zhuǎn)為間接引語

1.MrSmithsaid,"Jackisagoodworker/

—?___________________________________________________________

答案：MrSmithsaidJackwasagoodworker.

2.Shesaid,“Mybrotherwantstogowithme.”

—?___________________________________________________________

答案：Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher.

3.HesaidtoKate,“Howisyoursisternow?”

—?________________________________________________________________

答案：HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen.

4.Shesaid,lllhavelostapen.”

—?_______________________________________________________________

答案：Shesaidshehadlostapen.

5.Thecaptainsaidtohismen,"Fire!”

—?________________________________________________________________

答案：Thecaptainorderedhismentofire.

6.Thenursesaidtothechildren,“Thesunrisesintheeast.”

答案：Thenursetoldthechildrenthatthesunrisesintheeast.

0語法講座

一、定義

引用或轉(zhuǎn)述別人說的話時有兩種方法：直接引述別人的原話，叫直接引語

(directspeech)o用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫間接引語(indirectspeech)。一般來

講，直接引語前后要加引號，間接引語不用引號，而用賓語從句來表達(dá)。

Johnsaid,“FmgoingtoLondonwithmyfather.”

—?JohnsaidthathewasgoingtoLondonwithhisfather.

二、相互轉(zhuǎn)換的一般規(guī)則

1.直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。

Hesaid,“Youtoldmethisstory.n

—?HesaidthatIhadtoldhimthatstory.

2.直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為

由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。

“Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven'tyou?”mymotherasked.

—?MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework.

“Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?”

—?HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.

Shesaid,“Isyourfatheranengineer?”

—?Sheaskedmewhethermyfatherwasanengineer.

3.直接引語如果是特殊疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)

的賓語從句(賓語從句必須用陳述句語序)。

uWherehaveyoubeen,LiMing?”theteacherasked.

—?TheteacheraskedLiMingwherehehadbeen.

4.直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)改為atell(ask,order,begsb(not)

todosth”句型。

Hesaid,“Sitdown,please.

—?Heaskedmetositdown.

Theteachersaid,"Don'ttalkinclass!”

—?Theteachertoldusnottotalkinclass!

5.直接引語如果是以“Let's”開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常用

“suggest+動名詞(或從句)”。

Hesaid,"Let'sgotothefilm.”

fHesuggestedgoingtothefilm./Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotothefilm.

6.直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)一般不變化的情況。

⑴直接引語是客觀真理。

“Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth,“the

teachertoldme.

—?Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmoves

aroundtheearth.

(2)直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時。

Jacksaid,“John,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?”

—?JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet.

(3)直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時。

XiaoWangsaid,"IwasbornonApril20,1980.”

-?XiaoWangsaidhewasbomonApril20,1980.

(4)直接引語是一般現(xiàn)在時，表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動作，變?yōu)殚g接引

語時。

Hesaid,"Igetupatsixeverymorning.

fHesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.

(5)直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式(例：oughtto,hadbetter,usedto)

和已經(jīng)是過去時的形式時(例:could,should,would,might)o

Petersaid,“Youhadbettercometoday.5,

-?PetersaidIhadbettercomethatday.

?趁熱打鐵

(1)單句語法填空

①HeaskedJohnifhe(swim).

?Lilysaidthatshe(go)backthenextmonth.

③Alicesaidshe(notsee)amoremovingfilmbefore.

④MyUnclesaidthatit(snow)reallyheavilyinwinterinNortheast

China.

⑤Theofficerorderedthatallthesoldiers(lie)downinthemud.

答案：①couldswim②wouldgo③hadnotseen④snows?(should)lie

(2)單句表達(dá)

①她問我是否看過這部電影。

Sheaskedthefilm.

②檢票員問我在哪里下車。

TheconductoraskedmewhereI.

③老師說光比聲傳播更快。

Theteachersaidthatlightthansound.

④彼得問道，“誰將會對這件事的結(jié)果負(fù)責(zé)？”

Peterasked,"Whoforthismatter?”

⑤瑪麗問道：“你們是否要乘飛機(jī)離開倫敦？”

Maryasked,"Londonbyair?”

答案：①if/whetherIhadseen②wouldgetoff③travelsfaster④willbe

responsible⑤Willyouleave

課堂效果,

--------------------------------------------------------------------------KETANGXIAOGUOJIANCE------------------------------------------------------------------

I.根據(jù)語境及漢語提示和首字母提示完成句子

1.Whenpeoplefeelunderthreatthey(經(jīng)歷)physicalandmental

changes.

答案：undergo

2.Thefamilynetworkplaysanimportantroleinbuildinga(和諧的)

society.

答案:harmonious

3.China'sancientcultureoriginatedintheYellowRiver(流域).

答案：basin

4.Weshoulditheparty'sdecisions.

答案:implement

5.Coalistobedisplacedbynaturalgasandnpower.

答案：nuclear

II.單句語法填空

1.TherearethreebooksIreread(annual).

答案：annually

2.SheaskedmeIhadreadthenovel.

答案：if/whether

3.Hisfathertoldhim(notleave)thedooropen.

答案：nottoleave

4.Ipromised(notrefer)tothematteragain.

答案:nottorefer

5.Heorderedthattheman(release).

答案：bereleased

III.單句表達(dá)

1.他總是持中庸觀點(diǎn)。

Heisalwayshisviews.

答案：moderatein

2.他告訴我們她的年齡在四十八歲左右。

Heheragewasforty-eightorthereabouts.

答案：toldusthat

3.我問過他這都是他自己做的還是有人幫他做的。

Ihehaddoneitallhimselforwhethersomeonehad

helpedhim.

答案：askedhimwhether

4.他說警官們命令他從他的車?yán)锍鰜聿⒖吭谲嚿稀?/p>

Hetogetoutofhiscarandleanagainstit.

答案：saidofficerstoldhim

5.她問我要不要喝點(diǎn)什么。

SheIwantedadrink.

答案：askedif/whether

課后課時作業(yè)

I閱讀

The“EarthHour"initiativestartedinAustralia'sbiggestcitySydneylastyear

whenanestimated2.2millionpeopleflickedtheswitch——leavingtheSydneyOpera

HousebathedinmoonlightandtheHarborBridgeblackedout.

OrganizerAndyRidleysaidSydney's60minutesofdarknessgenerated^1huge

interestaroundtheworldand23othercitiesfromtheAsiaPacific,NorthAmerica,

EuropeandtheMiddleEasthadnowsigneduptobepartofthe2008event.

Theeightlatestcitiestojoin"EarthHour”areAtlanta,SanFranciscoand

PhoenixintheUS;Thailand'scapitalBangkok;Ottawa,VancouverandMontrealin

CanadaandDublininIreland.TheyjoinedAustraliancitiesSydney,Perth,Melbourne,

Canberra,Brisbane,Adelaide;Denmark'sCopenhagen,Aarhus,AalborgandOdense;

thePhilippinecapitalManila,Fiji'sbiggestcitySuva.ChristchurchinNewZealand;

Chicago;TelAvivandTorono.

Ridleysaidheexpectedthe"EarthHour"concept,whichismanagedbythe

conservation^2groupWWF,toextendbeyondthebordersofthesecountriesonthe

scheduledstarttimeof8:00pmlocaltimeonSaturdayMarch29.

"Ithinkitalreadyhasbecomemuchbigger,hesaid,“theideawasthat

anyonecoulddoit,whethertheywereinasmallvillageinFranceoracitylike

Sydney."

RidleysaidtheSydneyevent,inwhichresidentswereaskedtoswitchofflights

andappliances^3foronehour,hadraisedawareness^abouttheproblemofglobal

warmingwhilereducinggreenhousegasemissionsbyconservingenergy.

“Iknowthatonthenightwethoughtwemightbeabletocutenergyuseinthe

citybyfivepercentbutitendedupbeing10.1percent,hesaid.

HesaidhehopedEarthHourprovideda"verybigvisualmessage”topoliticians

thatclimatechangemustbeaddressedquickly.

“Theproblemismassivebutwedomakeadifferencewhenwealltakeaction,“

hesaid.'

篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了在地球日這一天，人們關(guān)燈一小

時，此活動已經(jīng)提高了人們對于全球氣候變暖問題的意識，通過節(jié)能的方式來減

少溫室氣體排放。

1.Thepurposeofthe“EarthHour"activityis.

A.toconserveenergy

B.tochangetheclimate

C.toreducethegreenhousegasemissions

D.todrawpeople'sattentiontotheglobalwarming

答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段內(nèi)容可知，地球日關(guān)燈一小時活動已經(jīng)

引起人們對全球氣候變暖的關(guān)注，這是地球日的影響而不是目的，這一活動的目

的是通過節(jié)能的方式來減少溫室氣體的排放。故選C。

2.Theunderlinedword“flick"inParagraph1means"

A.switchonB.switchoff

C.movequicklyD.hitquickly

答案：B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句“whenanestimated2.2million

peopleflickedtheswitch-leavingtheSydneyOperaHousebathedinmoonlightand

theHarborBridgeblackedoutv可知，破折號后面的內(nèi)容意為“讓悉尼歌劇院沐浴

在月光中，悉尼大橋一片漆黑"，可以推斷flickedtheswitch就是關(guān)燈；switchoff

意為“關(guān)掉”，故選B。

3.Whichcitydoesn'tjointheblack-outorganization?

A.Bangkok.B.Manchester.

C.Montreal.D.Brisbane.

答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thailand'scapitalBangkok;Ottawa,

VancouverandMontrealinCanadaandDublininIreland.TheyjoinedAustraliancities

Sydney,Perth,Melbourne,Canberra,Brisbane”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，只有Manchester（曼

徹斯特）沒有加入該組織，故選B。

4.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.

A.theblack-outactivitywillhaveagreateffectonclimatechange

B.the“EarthHour"initiativefirstbeganinthecapitalofAustralia

C.allthecountriesintheworldbecomeinterestedintheblack-outactivity

D.theblack-outactivityhasalreadycaughtpolitician'sattentiontotheclimate

change

答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“^Theproblemismassivebutwedo

makeadifferencewhenwealltakeactionJhesaid.”可推斷，地球日關(guān)燈一小時

會對氣候變化產(chǎn)生影響，故選A。

?卷?僚

W重點(diǎn)單詞

1.generatev.產(chǎn)生；引起

2.conservationn.保護(hù)；保存

3.appliancen.（家用）電器，器具

P重點(diǎn)短語

raiseawareness增強(qiáng)意識

------------基礎(chǔ)---決定---高度------------

II完形填空

Theicesheetsinthepolesandglaciersonthehighmountainsaremeltingandthe

worldisindangerof1.Whileyouaresurprisedbythespecial2,youknow

thatitisjustamade-upstoryandtherewillbeaherotosavetheworld.Butwhatifthe

icesheetsarereally3?

4toascientificstudylastMonday,Arcticicewillcompletely§in

thesummersbytheendofthiscenturyunlesscarbondioxideemissionsaregreatly

6

“Thebigmeltinghasbegun,"saidJenniferMorgan,fromtheClimateChange

CampaignfortheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF).Arctic_7_arerisingattwicethe

global8andcouldrisesevendegreescentigradeby2100.

Themeltingwillcausesealevelstorise9onemetre,forcingmanycoastal

populationsmove.

“Thepolarbearisone10ofananimalthatcouldbecomeextinctbytheend

ofthiscentury,theWWFsaid.But,onthepositiveside,risingsealevels11

openupnewareasforfishingandoilandgasexploration.

uIndustrialcountriesare12anuncontrolledexperimenttostudythe

effectsof13change.TheArcticistheirfirstvictim,"Morgansaid.

RussiaacceptedtheKyotoProtocol,anagreementtocutproductionofsix

greenhousegases.ButtheUS,thebiggestpolluter,14todoso.In2002,104

countries,15China,acceptedtheagreement.

篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了溫室氣體排放導(dǎo)致地球氣溫上升，

冰川融化，由此帶來的災(zāi)難性后果是人類所無法承受的。

1.A.snowingB.flooding

C.wateringD.raining

答案：B根據(jù)and前的句子可知，極地的冰蓋和高山的冰川正在融化。由

此帶來的后果應(yīng)是地球面臨著洪水泛濫(flood)的危險。故選Bo

2.A.catastropheB.luck

C.movementD.existence

答案：A地球面臨著洪水泛濫的危險，這是一種災(zāi)難(catastrophe)。故選A。

3.A.smellingB.smoking

C.cookingD.melting

答案：D根據(jù)該段首句中的"Theicesheetsinthepoles...aremelting”可知此

處指“假如冰蓋真的融化(melt)了，那該怎么辦？”故選D。

4.A.AccordingB.Lookingforward

C.UsedD.Seeing

答案：A此處是指據(jù)上周一發(fā)布的一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究。accordingto...“根

據(jù)……”，為固定搭配。故選A。

5.A.renewB.manage

C.awaitD.disappear

答案：D根據(jù)上文談到冰蓋融化可知，此處指北極冰蓋的消失(disappear)。

故選Do

6.A.increasedB.reduced

C.diedD.raised

答案：B根據(jù)語境可知，北極冰蓋會完全消失，除非二氧化碳排放量能大

幅度下降(reduce)。故選B。

7.A.sizeB.temperatures

C.lengthD.weight

答案：B根據(jù)下文中的“risesevendegreescentigrade”可知，此處談?wù)摰氖菧?/p>

度(temperature)。故選B。

8.A.specialB.normal

C.averageD.abstract

答案：C此處表示北極溫度正在以全球平均(average)升溫速度的兩倍上升。

故選Co

9.A.byB.on

C.inD.to

答案：A此處指“冰蓋融化將導(dǎo)致全球海平面上升1米”。介詞by表示升

降的程度。故選A。

10.A.patternB.model

C.styleD.example

答案：D句意：北極熊是可能在二十一世紀(jì)末滅絕的極地動物中的一個例

子(example)。故選D。

11.A.shouldB.will

C.mayD.oughtto

答案：B根據(jù)語境可知，現(xiàn)在冰蓋并沒有完全融化，海平面正在逐漸上升，

新的漁場、油氣資源等的開辟還沒有展開，因此應(yīng)用一般將來時。故選B。

12.A.carryingforwardB.carryingout

C.carryingonD.carryingabout

答案：B此處是指工業(yè)國家正在進(jìn)行另外一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)。carryout"開展，實(shí)

現(xiàn)”。故選B。

13.A.skyB.weather

C.climateD.atmosphere

答案：C根據(jù)上文可知，本文在講冰川融化，這屬于氣候(climate)變化。故

選C。

14.A.agreedB.refused

C.decidedD.wanted

答案：B句意：而世界最大的污染國美國卻拒絕(refuse)加入該協(xié)議。從but

可推斷出美國和俄羅斯的行為是相反的。故選B。

15.A.aswellB.except

C.withoutD.including

答案：D句意：2002年，包括(including)中國在內(nèi)的104個國家接受了《京

都議定書》。故選D。

m七選五

“Somekidsarenaturallymorecompetitivethanothers,11saysprofessional

adviserRoseannClay.Butcertainfactorsplayintothebehaviorofkidstomakethem

wanttowinateverything.

Onefactoristhatkidsarebecomingawareofwhatothersthinkofthem.Winning

gamesandgettingthosetopgradesisawaytogetloadsofattention.]Whenkids

haveagenuinefearoflosing,thiscandrivethemtobemorecompetitive.Andwhen

theylose,bademotionsusuallyfollow.Howcanparentsdealwithkidswhogetangry

orupsetwhentheydon'twinallthetime?

2Roseannsuggeststhatparentsmakeapointofshowinghowtheyhandle

losingwell,whilestillhavingfun.Andbeforeanycompetitiveactivityorgame,make

sureeveryoneknowswhattherulesandexpectedbehaviorsare.Thishelpsachildshift

froman"I'monlygoodifIwin”attitudeto'Tmhavingfun99attitude.

Ifachildispushedtobetoocompetitiveandcareaboutwinningaboveallelse,

theiremotionalwell-beingisputatrisk.Theknock-oneffectisthattheirconfidence

remainslow.3

Also,somechildren'sanxietycausesthemtobeafraidofcompetition.4

Theyshouldopenupconversationandfocusonthefeelingsofkidsandnottheir

behaviors.

5Wecanhelpthemcelebrateandenjoyallthesmallstepsittooktogetthere,

andencourageamorepositiveoutlookandhealthycompetition.Thiswillservethem

throughoutlifeastheymanagestress.

A.Notallkidswanttowin.

B.Kidscanstillcelebrateawin.

C.Parentsshouldn'tpushthesekids.

D.Insecuritycanalsobeafactorhere.

E.Insecurechildrenwanttowineverything.

F.Thiscanreallyrockadevelopingchild'semotionalcore.

G.Childrencanlearntomanagetheiremotionswithrolemodeling.

篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了父母要如何鼓勵孩子們擁有

一個積極和健康的競爭心態(tài)。

1.D設(shè)空處前兩句主要敘述了孩子們想贏的因素之一，可推知設(shè)空處將繼

續(xù)講述想要贏的另一個原因。D項(xiàng)(不安全感也是一個因素。)符合語境；且D項(xiàng)

中的"Insecurity”與下文中的“:fearoflosing”呼應(yīng)。故選D。

2.G根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，Roseann(羅斯安)建議父母們應(yīng)該展示他們?nèi)绾卧?/p>

享受快樂的同時處理好失敗，這有助于孩子從“我只有贏了才好”的態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?/p>

“我很開心”的態(tài)度。由此可推斷出本段是講孩子們可以通過角色模范學(xué)習(xí)如何

管理情緒。故選G。

3.F根據(jù)設(shè)空處前文可知“如果孩子被逼得過于爭強(qiáng)好勝，把勝利看得高

于一切，他們的情感健康就會處于危險之中。連鎖反應(yīng)就是他們的