2024屆高考英語(yǔ)考前閱讀理解專練二

2024高考考前閱讀專練二（2022全國(guó)乙卷）AHenryRaeburn（1756-1823）TheExhibitionThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland'sbestlovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyyears.LectureSeriesScottishNationalPortrait（肖像畫(huà)）Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpublic.TheyareheldintheLectureRoom.Admissiontolecturesisfree.AnIntroductiontoRaeburnSunday26Oct.,15.00DUNCANTHOMSONRaeburn'sEnglishContemporariesThursday30Oct.,13.10JUDYEGERTONCharactersandCharacterisationinRaeburn'sPortraitsThursday6Nov.,13.10NICHOLASPHILLIPSONRaeburnandArtist'sTraininginthe18thCenturyThursday13Nov.,13.10MARTINPOSTLEExhibitionTimesMonday-Saturday10.00—17.45Sunday12.00—17.45Lastadmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Thereisnore-admission.Closed:24—26Decemberand1January.Admission￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.SchoolsandCollegesAspeciallowentrancechargeoff2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.1.WhatistherighttimeforattendingRaeburn'sEnglishContemporaries?A.Sun.26Oct.B.Thurs.30Oct.C.Thurs.6Nov.D.Thurs.13Nov.2.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?A.￡4. B.￡8. C.￡12. D.￡16.3.Howcanfull-timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?A.TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings.B.Theyshouldcomefromartschools.C.Theymustbeledbyteachers.D.TheymusthaveIDcardswiththem.BIwassittingatmydeskwhenanothergradestudentinmylabapproachedmetoaskmyhelpwithhisexperiment.IwasthenafifthyearPhDstudent,therespectedseniormemberofthelab.ButthatalsomeantIwastheoneeveryoneturnedtoforhelp,whichcostmuchtimeIcouldhavespentonmyownresearch.ThereweremanyreasonsIhadahardtimesayingnotosuchpleas(懇求).IwasnewtotheUnitedStatesforgraduateschool.IfounditdifficulttomakenewfriendsanddiscoveractivitiesIenjoyed,andIfearedthatifIbrushedthemoff,I’dlosetheirfavor.Ididn’trealizetheextraresponsibilitiescameatacostuntilmywifegavebirthtoourfirstchild.Ioftenmadesacrificestomypersonallife.Whileshelayinahospitalbed,Isatnearbyhunched(伏首前傾的)overmylaptopfinishingupaworkreport.Hourslater,mydaughter’sfirstcrydawnedonme:Ishouldhavebeenfullypresentduringmydaughter’sbirth.Iwasclearlyspendingtoomuchtimeworking.Fromthenon,Idecidedtospendmoretimewithmyfamilybyparingdownmyworktasksandcarefullyconsideringeachrequestforhelp.Ibalancedothers’requestsforhelpandmyowntasks.Inoticedmanybenefits:nolongerworkingovertime,morefamilytime,andimprovedworkperformance.It’shardtosay“no”tothoseyouworkwith.ButI’velearnedthatsometimesthat’sthebestcourseofactiontoavoidatallworkloadandleadafreerandhappierlife.4.Whydidhefinditdifficulttorefusehislab-mates?A.Hewantedtoearntheirrespect.B.Hewasafraidtobeleftoutbythem.C.Hewastheseniormemberofthelab.D.Hehadoncereceivedhelpfromthem.5.Whatdidherealizeafterhisdaughter’sbirth?A.Hiswifehaddonealotforthefamily.B.Heshouldbalancehisworkandlifebetter.C.Hewasguiltyforhisabsencewhenshewasborn.D.Heshouldworkharderduetotheincreasedresponsibilities.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“paringdown”inparagraph4mean?A.Cuttingdown. B.Puttingaside.C.Gettingfamiliarwith. D.Keepingtrackof.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Givingandtaking. B.Enjoyingfamilylife.C.Learningtosay“no”. D.Givingprioritytofamily.CKingTut,Egypt'sfamousboyking,wasburiedwithmanyvaluableobjects.Adagger（匕首）discoveredinhistombhasrecentlyattractedextraattention.Researchershaveconcludedthatthedaggerwasprobablymadefromaspecialmaterial.KingTutwasonlyaboutnineyearsoldwhenhebecamerulerofEgyptmorethan3,300yearsago.Theyoungkingdiedwhenhewasjust19,Hisbodywasburiedinatombfilledwithobjectsthatpeoplebelievedhewouldneedintheafterlife.In1922,HowardCarterdiscoveredTut'stombintheValleyoftheKingsinEgypt.Uptonow,itwasthebestpreservedancientEgyptiantombeverfound.In1925,Carterfoundthedaggerwhichhasagoldhandleandanironblade（刀片）.ThebladehadconfusedexpertsbecauseironwashardlyusedatthattimeinancientEgypt.Infact,itwassorarethatitwasconsideredmorevaluablethangold.Wheredidtheironforthebladecomefrom?AroundthetimeofKingTut,ancientEgyptiansstartedusinganewwordforironthattranslatesas"ironfromthesky".Thisledsomeexpertstobelievethattheironforthebladecamefromameteorite（隕石）Butstudiesofthedaggercarriedoutinthe1970sand1990sdidn'tsupportthatidea.That'swheremoderntechnologycomesin.Researchersusedanewtechniquetoexaminetheblade.Theydiscoveredthatitwasmadeupofironandothermaterialsfoundinmeteorites.Aftercomparingittoseveralmeteorites,theyevenfounditspossiblematch—ameteoritethatlandedinnorthernEgyptthousandsofyearsago.ScientistshopethenewstudywillleadtomorediscoveriesaboutotherancientEgyptianrelics,"ItwouldbeveryinterestingtoanalyzemorePre-ironAgeobjectsandwecouldgainpreciousdiscoveries,DanielaComelli,whoisaprofessor,said.8.WhatdoweknowaboutTut'stomb?A.Itwasbuiltwhenhewas9.B.Ithasalotofironobjectsinit.C.Itwasthefirsttombtobefound.D.Itwasperfectlykeptwhendiscovered.9.Whydoscientistspayextraattentiontothedagger?A.Becauseitsbladeismadeofiron.B.Becauseitleadstomorediscoveries.C.Becauseitwasmorevaluablethangold.D.BecauseitisKingTut'sfavoriteobject.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph5referto?A.Theblade. B.Theiron. C.Ameteorite. D.Thematerial.11.Whatdidtheresearchersusemoderntechnologytoshow?A.AncientEgyptianobjectsareexcellent.B.IroniswidelyusedinancientEgypt.C.Morevaluableobjectsarehiddeninthetombs.D.Tut'sdaggerwaslikelymadefromameteorite.DHybridcarsarecarsthatrunonbothpetrolandelectricity.Theyhaveasmallstandardpetrolengineandabatteryandelectricmotortoprovideelectricpower.Therearesomedifferencesbetweendifferentmodelsofhybridcars,butthegeneralprincipleisthatthecarrunsonpetrol,andtheelectricmotorkicksinwhenadditionalpowerisrequired,forexamplewhengoinguphilloraccelerating.Insomehybridcarsthepetrolengineturnsitselfoffwhennotneeded,forexamplewhenthecarhasstoppedattrafficlights,keepingonlytheelectricenginerunning.Conventionalcarshavelargeenginestocopewithdrivinguphillandaccelerating.Mostofthetime,thishighenginecapacityisnotneeded,buttheenginecontinuesburningupfuel.Hybridcarshavemuchsmallerpetrolengines,boostedbyelectricmotorswhenneeded,sotheyuselesspetrol.Hybridcarsarealsolighterandaerodynamically(空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)的）designedforgreaterfuelefficiency.Anotherwaythatfuelconsumptioniscutisbyasystemof"regenerativebraking(剎車）＂。Theelectricmotorisusedtoslowdownthecar,ratherthanconventionalbrakes.Theenergyproducedbytheslowingcaristransformedintoelectricalpower,whichisautomaticallystoredinthebattery.Ineffect,thebatteryrechargeswhenyoubrake.Inconventionalcarstheenergyproducedwhenbrakingiswasted.Carmanufacturersandengineershavebeenexperimentingwithelectricandhybridcarssincethelate19thcentury.In1928FerdinandPorschebuiltanexperimentalhybridcarthatusedbothaninternalburningengineandelectricmotors.Thefirstmass-producedhybridcar,theToyotaPrius,cameoutinJapanattheendof1997.However,HybridcarsbecameavailableintheUSAonlyin1999,whentheHondaInsightwentonsale.Astheyuselessfuel,hybridcarsarecheapertorun.Therearealsomanyinitiativesinplacetoencouragepeopletobuythem.Insomecountries,hybridcarownerspayalowerrateoftax,anddon'thavetopayoncertaintollroa