2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省大灣區(qū)校高二（上）質(zhì)檢英語(yǔ)試卷（附答案詳解）

2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省大灣區(qū)校高二(上)質(zhì)檢英語(yǔ)試卷

A

The14thNationalGamesheldinXi*anhastriggeredgreatinterest-notonlyinsportsandfitness,butalsoin

thehostcityitself.IfyouareplanningatourofXi'antakinglessthan3days,you'llwanttohitallthe

followinghighlights.

TheTerracottaArmy

TheTerracottaArmyisnotjustChina'spremierhistoricalattractionbutoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesof

the20thcentury,whichwasconstructedbyChina'sFirstEmperorQinShiHuangof,theQinDynasty(221

BC-207BC).Itisacollectionofthousandsoflife-sizeterracottasoldiers,horses,andchariots(戰(zhàn)車)in

battleformation,showingtheemperor'sarmiesinfullsplendor.

AncientCityWall

Xi'anCityWallwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingDynasty

(1368-1644)asamilitarydefensesystem.Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedChinesecity

walls.Thewallisnowalandmark,dividingthecityintoinnerandouterareas.

GiantWildGoosePagoda

OneofChina*smostfamousBuddhistpagodas,theGiantWildGoosePagodawasbuiltintheTang

Dynasty(618-907)fbrthestudyofBuddhistscriptures.Oneofthemainfunctionsofthepagodawasto

storesutras(經(jīng)文)broughttoChinafromIndiabythefamousmonkandtravelerXuanZang,Itwasbuilt

withlayersofbricksandhasagrandstructureandappearance.ltisexemplaryoftraditionalChinese

architecture.

ShaanxiHistoryMuseum

TheShaanxiHistoryMuseumishometoover370,000preciousrelicsunearthedinShaanxioverthe

years.Itscollectionsrangefrombronzewarestopotteryfigures,goldandsilverwaresandwallpaintings

fromtheTangDynasty(618-207)tombs.Amongitspreciouscollections,18pieceshavebeenlistedas

nationaltreasures.

1.Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesthistory?

A.AncientCityWall.B.TheTerracottaArmy.

C.GiantWildGoosePagoda.D.ShaanxiHistoryMuseum.

2.WhatcanvisitorsseeinShaanxiHistoryMuseum?

A.ChariotsdiscoveredinXiran.

B.SutrasbroughtfromIndiatoChina.

C.WallpaintingsfromtheQingDynastytombs.

D.RelicsunearthedinShaanxi.

3.Whatdothefourattractionshaveincommon?

A.Theyholdcollectionsofantiques.

B.TheyrepresentthemodernspiritofXi'an.

C.Theyareofhistoricalandculturalvalue.

D.TheyareexamplesoftraditionalChinesearchitecture.

B

Lonelinessissignificantmentalhealthconcernandcanraiseriskofdeathby45%andcontactwithnature

incitiessignificantlyreducesfeelingsofloneliness,accordingtoateamofscientists.

Thestudyisthefirsttoassesshowtheenvironmentcanaffectloneliness.ltusedreal-timedata,collected

viaasmartphoneapp,ratherthanrelyingonpeople'smemoryofhowtheywerefeeling.

Theresearchfoundthatfeelingsofovercrowdingincreasedlonelinessbyanaverageof30%.Butwhen

peoplewereabletoseetreesorhearbirds,feelingsoflonelinessfellby28%.Feelingsofsocialinclusion

alsocutlonelinessby21%andwhenthesefeelingscoincided（工萬(wàn)合）withcontactwithnature,the

beneficialeffectwasboostedbyafurther18%.

Thefindingspointedtointerventionstoreduceloneliness.Theresearcherssaid,"Specificmeasuresthat

increasesocialinclusion-andcontactwithnatureshouldbetaken,especiallyinthicklypopulatedcities."

Timespentinnatureisknowntoboostwell-being,withwoodlandwalksestimatedtosavetheUKatleast

f185mayearinmentalhealthcosts,forexample.

TheresearchcollecteddatafromurbancitizensacrosstheworldusingtheUrbanMindsearchapp.More

than750peopleprovided16,600oftheseassessments.Theparticipantswereself-selectingandsoitdid

notprovidearepresentativesampleofthewiderpopulations.Butwhentheresearcherstook

age,education,andoccupationintoaccount,thebenefitsofnaturecontactandfeelingsofsocialinclusion

onlonelinessremainedstronglystatisticallysignificant.JohannaGibbons,partoftheresearch

team,said,“Citiesareprobablytheonlyhabitatthatisincreasingatahighrate.Soweshouldbecreating

urbanhabitatswherepeoplecanthrive（興旺）

4.Howwastheresearchconducted?

A.Byrelyingonpeople'smemory.

B.Bysurveying750participants.

C.Bycollectingdatathroughasmartphidoapp.

D.Bycheckingaworldwiderepresentativeample.

5.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?

A.Manybigcitiestaketheleadintheresearch.

B.Timespentindoorsimprovespeople'swell-being.

C.Woodlandwalksgreatlyreducesocialcontactwithpeople.

D.InterventionstoreducelonelinessbenefittheUKfinancially.

6.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheresearch?

A.Thefindingsarestatisticallymarkable.

B.Itoffersawiderangeofsamplesglobally.

C.Thecarefullyselectedparticipantsaredefinable.

D.Manyfactorsareconsideredexcepteducation.

7.Whafsthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thementalproblemsoflivinginbigcities

B.Reducinglonelinessincitiesviacontactwithnature.

C.Developingurbanhabitatsatahighperiod.

D.Researchonhowtogetridoflonelinessinnature.

c

TheCOVID-19pandemichasbeenafrequenttopicofconversationformostofusoverthepastyear.As

wedreamtofindoordining,vacations,andhuggingourfriendsagain,myfriendAnatextedthather

mother,livinginBrazil,hadbeeninfectedbythecoronavirus.Iwon'tgointodetailshere,butthetolife

inBrazilhavebeenespeciallyupsettingconsideringtheirsocialandculturalnorms（規(guī)范）.

AnaisBrazilian,andI'mfromtheUS.WhilelivinginNewYorkCity,webecamefastfriendsdespitethe

fewawkwardculturaldifferencesIlearnedtodealwith.Shewascomfortablewithintimacy；Ipreferredto

keepmydistance.Shelikedthecompanyofmany；Ilikedthefriendshipoffew.Itwasawkwardformeto

leaninforaquickhug,onlytobeembracedthenkissedonthecheeks.Tothisday,I'mnotanexcellent

cheekkisser,butItry.Sheisoneofmanypeopleovertheyearswhohaveeducatedme,inaway,about

delightinginculturaldifference.

IcalledAnatocheckonhermotherandIwasprimarilycuriousabouthowsocialandculturalnormshave

beenaffected.Itsdifficult,saidAna,becausethenecessaryhealthregulationsareoppositeto"whatwe

believeandeverythingweknowaboutlivinginacommunityanddisplayingfeelingsoflove”,butshe

hasn'tgivenuphope.Iaskediftheshiftsmadeduringthepandemicwillchangeculturalnorms.

11Absolutelynot,“saidAna.ThisiswhoBraziliansareinnatureandchangedoesn'thappen

ovemight.Theyspendalotoftimeandenergyinvestinginrelationships,andthedeeplyrootedsocial

conventionswon'tchangequickly.

Overtheyears,Anahassharedmanystoriesthatemphasizethedifferencesinourupbringing.Idelightin

ourdifferences,evenifkissingonthecheekmakesmeuncomfortable.Wefindourcommonalities,like

talkingwithourhands,beingexpressive,andvaluingcommunity.Andwelearnfromour

differences.COVIDdisruptedmanythings,butthroughallofthis,Anasaid,wemustconstantlybe

adjusting,understanding,anddoingwhafsbestforourcommunitiesandthepeoplewelove.

8.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestreplacetheunderlinedwordinParagraph1?

A.Adjustment.B.Disturbance.C.Commitment.D.Preference.

9.WhatcanwelearnaboutAnnfromParagraph2?

A.Sheisgoodateducatingotherpeople.

B.Shepreferstostayaloneinherowncomfortzone.

C.Sheenjoystheclosecontactwithothers.

D.Ittookalongtimeforhertomakefriendswithme.

10.Whydoesn'tAnathinkthepandemicwillchangesocialandculturalnorms?

A.BecausetheBraziliansarebomtobesociable.

B.Becausethesocialconventionsareeasytochange.

C.Becausethehealthregulationsconsistwithherbeliefs.

D.BecauseBraziliansrarelyvalueinvestmentinrelationships.

11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.MyAttitudetowardsFriendship

B.SocialandCulturalnormsinthePandemic

C.TheInfluenceofCOVID-19onLife

D.MyAcceptanceofCulturalDifferences

D

Asnewyearapproaches,crowdsaroundtheworldmaybeexpectingfireworkstolightupthesky.Butthe

fireworkscouldfinallylosetheirappealwiththegrowinguseofdrones（無(wú)人機(jī)）forlightshows.One

obviousexamplewasdronelightshowintheopeningceremonyofTokyoOlympics.

OllieHowitt,atechnicianatSkyMagic,whichused300dronestocreateadisplayforLondon'snewyear

celebration,saiddemandhadincreasedsubstantially.Sheaddedthatdroneswereincreasinglyabletoflyin

greaterdensityandforlonger.Howittalsosaidtherewerebenefitsofdrones,"Theygiveoutno

pollutants,they'rereusable,andthere'snofalloutorthatkindofthing.Sointhatsensetheyareavery

sensiblechoice."

RobertNeff,thegeneralmanageratMerciaHarbor,alsosaidthedecisiontouseadronedisplayatthe

harborwasdowntoanumberoffactors,includingtheimpactoffireworksonanimals一fromwildlifeto

thepetsofboatowners."They'veoftencommentedonhowmuchsufferingiscausedtotheirpetsbythe

fireworks,"hesaid.

Butnoteveryoneagrees.HansRosling,aspokespersonfromtheBritishFireworksAssociationsaiddrones

couldalsoposeenvironmentalproblems.''Suggestionsarethatdroneshavelessofanimpactonthe

environment,butwehaveconcernsaboutelectricaldemandanduseoflithium（鋰）batterieswhichare

knownnottobeallthatgreen',"hesaid,"Theimpactoffireworkuseontheenvironmenthasbeen

showntobeminorandveryshort-livedandrecentstudieshavesuggestedthatthereislikelytobemore

pollutionfromacoupleofcarsdrivingtoaneventthancausedbyfireworksatanevent."

Andthereareissueswithdronelightdisplays,whichneedtoreceivespecificsafetyapprovalfromcertain

authorities.Somesuggesttheuseofdronesdoesn'tmeanshuttingofffireworks.Thebangsoffireworks

createasoundfeelingthatishardtoreplace.Meanwhile,otherspreferthechancetotellstoriesintheskyby

usingaseriesofimage.

12.WhydoesthewritertalkabouttheTokyoOlympicsinPara1?

A.Toattractreaders'attentiontotheOlympics.

B.Toadvocatesettingofffireworksinthenewyear.

C.Tointroducethepopularuseofdronesforlightshows.

D.Tohighlightpeople'scelebrationofthisopeningceremony.

13.WhatdidOllieHowittthinkofdronedisplays?

A.Theybringenvironmentalproblems.

B.Theycauselittlesufferingtothepets.

C.Theyaddcolortothenewyearcelebration.

D.Theyareeconomicalandenvironmentally-friendly.

14.WhichofthefollowingdidHansRoslingagreewith?

A.Fireworkdisplayslastshorterthandronedisplays.

B.Thepollutionfromfireworksisn'tasmuchaspeoplethink.

C.Droneshavelessimpactontheenvironmentthanfireworks.

D.Peopleshouldabandonthedronedisplaysbecauseoflithiumbatteries.

15.Whatarepeople'sattitudestowardsdronelightdisplays?

A.Controversial.B.Favorable.C.Cautious.D.Neutral.

Manypeoplefindwhentheyareoverlyfamiliarwiththeirroutines,theirexcitementwillbereplacedwith

boredomquickly.Astudyshowsthatfindingunusualwaystointeractwithfamiliarpeople,placesand

thingscanmakeeverydayexperiencesfeelexciting.(1)Needsomefreshideasforkeepinglifefresh?

Readon.

Whileyouareworking

Spendingtoomuchtimeinthesameenvironmentcankeepusfromachieving''flow',—beingimmersedin

anactivitywithfullenergyandenjoyment.(2)Moveyourhomeofficetothelibraryoracoffeeshopafew

daysaweek.IfyouarechargedwithleadingaMondaymeeting,trystartingitwithmeditationora

non-workdiscussion.

(3)"Boredomisanemotionalstateandhappenswhencouplesstoptakingtheopportunitytogrowand

deeplyconnectwitheachother,"saysVenusNicolino,hostofRealityStars.Lookfornewchallengesto

takeontogether.Trymixingupdifferentsetsoffriendstodosomethingcreative,suchasagroupcooking

lesson,oranold-fashionedteaparty.

Withotherpeoplewecareabout

Insteadof,'Howwasyourday”,tryasking"Whatareyoulookingforwardtotoday?”O(jiān)urcuriositycan

remindpeoplethatwe'reinterestedinwhotheyare,andthat'sthekeytomaintainingintimacy(親密關(guān)系).

(4L

Duringyourcommute

Ifyouwalkorusepublictransportation,greetastrangerorputawayyourphoneanddosomepeople

watchingJ'Simplyobservingone'ssurroundingsmayseemboring.(5)saysTimLomas,alectureratthe

UniversityofEastLondonJustremember,whateveryoudotorelieveboredomtoday,trysomething

differenttomorrow.

A.Withyoursignificantother.

B.Withpeopleyouarefamiliarwith.

C.Changesdon'thavetobebigtomakeanimpact.

□,Interactingwithotherpeopleoftenbringsyoumuchfun.

E.Inotherwords,sometimesyou'vejustgottoshakethingsup.

ESometimesbeingcuriousaboutotherscanmakeusmorepleasanttobearoundtoo.

G.However,ifdonemindfully,itcanbecomeinterestingandevenmoremeaningful.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

It'sasadrealitythatmanyofusfindourselvesjusttoobusytocontributetoourcommunities.Foralong

time,1,too,believeditcosttoomuchintime,moneyand(21)tomakearealdifference.Butallthatchanged

whenI(22)mygood-deed-a-dayproject.

Mydaughter,Emily,wasmyprimary(23).Iwantedtoshowherwecoulddolittlethingstohelpothers,

andbehappy.

Thefirstweek,Iwasn'tsureifIcould(24)it.IsurfedtheInternetforideas.Oneday，Iguideda(25)manin

thesubwaystation.Hesmiledashethankedme.Anotherday,Ibroughtflowersfrommygardentoalocal

nursinghome.IcouldonlyhopeIwasarousing(26)inothers.

Luckily,afterjustafewdaysIfounditeasierthanFdexpected.!knewIwasmakinga(n)(27).

Everyeveningatthedinnertable,I(28)thatday'sgooddeedtoEmily.EmilybegancopyingwhatFd

started.Onawalkhomefromschool,shemarchedovertoaneighbor'spotofgeraniums(天竺葵)，

whichhadtoppled(搖晃)inthewind,andsetit(29)."Thatwasmygooddeedfortheday!"she

yelled.Anotherday,shehelpedmecollect(30)fromourneighborsforthefoodbank.We(31)offthefood

and,aswedroveaway,Emilyannounced(32)thatshewantedtoworkthereoneday.

Bythelastweek,IknewI'dchanged.Atfirst,Ihadn'tbeenentirely(33)thatIcoulddoagooddeedevery

day.Nowitwaspracticallysecond(34)JfeltagreaterresponsibilitytotakeactionwhenIsawaneed,

(35)lookingtheotherway.IfeltasthoughI'dawakened,somehow.

21.A.energyB.spaceC.wisdomD.salary

22.A.stoppedB.startedC.forgotD.remembered

23.A.donationB.expectationC.celebrationD.inspiration

24.A.getB.manageC.putD.appreciate

25.A.poorB.rudeC.blindD.young

26.A.interestB.mercyC.awarenessD.praise

27.A.discoveryB.differenceC.mistakeD.fortune

28.A.remindedB.pointedC.recalledD.described

29.A.rightB.awayC.highD.aside

30.A.moneyB.vegetablesC.donationsD.clothes

31.A.threwB.tookC.wentD.dropped

32.A.proudlyB.eagerlyC.anxiouslyD.casually

33.A.concernedB.convincedC.expectedD.persuaded

34.A.sceneB.languageC.natureD.skill

35.A.bymeansofB.regardlessofC.aswellasD.insteadof

36.OneofthemostpopularAmerican(1)(singer)of20thcenturywasElvisPresley.ElvisPresley

madethemusic(2)(call)rock'n'rollpopulararoundtheworld.Hesoldmillionsofrecordsandmade

manysuccessfulfilms,(3)hehelpedchangethedirectionofpopularmusicinthe1960s.Elvis

Presleywasbornin1935inasmalltowninMississippiinthesouthernUnitedStates；hecamefrom

(4)verypoorfamily.(5)(he)parentsweresimplycountrypeoplewhooftentookElvistochurch.At

churchhelearnedtosing,andheneverforgotthekindofsongsthatheusedtosinginchurch(6)a

child.Whenhewasaschoolboy,ElvismovedtothetownofMemphisinTennessee.He(7)(begin)

tosinginthestylethatispopularinTennessee,astylecalledcountryandwestern.Thepeoplealthe

⑻(record)studiolikedElvis*ssingingandmusic.Therewassomething(9)(difference)about

it.ltwascountryandwesternmusic,butitalsosoundedalittlelike(10)blackpeopleusedtosingin

theAmericanSouth.ltwascalledBlues.

(1)

(2)

⑶

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

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(10)

37.假定你是李華。在五四青年節(jié)之際，為了提高青少年的社會(huì)責(zé)任感，促進(jìn)其全面發(fā)展，請(qǐng)

你代表學(xué)生會(huì)在校英語(yǔ)報(bào)上寫一份倡議書，內(nèi)容包括：

1.倡議目的；

2.倡議內(nèi)容；

3.你的意義

提示：五四青年節(jié)May^hYouthDay

1.詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

38.OnFridayevening,EmmettandIwenttoamovieasscheduled.Afterpurchasingtheticketsand

drinks,weenteredthecinemawithdelightbeforehand,waitingforthebeginningofthemovie.

WhenIgotupinthemiddleofthemovie,Emmettwhispered,"Carter,whereareyougoing?M"I

forgottocallmymomtotellherwhattimetopickusup."Iwhisperedback,leavingmyjacketonthe

seat.

Isqueezedpastthepeopleinmyrow,tryingnottosteponanyfeetwhilestillwatchingthescreen.I

didn'twanttomissathing.Balfour,thegoodguyinthemovie,wastrappedinanundergroundcave.

WhenIcameback,Balfour'sflashlightalmostwentout.Anenormoussnakewasmovingtoward

him,twistingitsbody.Balfourstruggledtoloosenthechainsaroundhishandsandfeetoreachhis

magiccape.Withthecapearoundhim,hecouldcompletelydisappear.

Icrawledbackacrosseightpeople(Icountedonthewayout),nevertakingmyeyesoffthescreen.I

satdowninmyseatslowly,thenpickedupmydrink,andswalloweditquickly.Butsuddenlymybrain

said,"That'snotcoke.That'slemonade."Ilookeddownatthecup,justasthegirlnexttome

shouted,"Hedrankmylemonade!',

"Shhhh!nthepeoplearoundussaid,makingquietcomplaints.

"Where'sEmmett?"Iasked,asifthegirlhadhiddenhimunderherseat.

“Carter,downhere,"Emmettansweredinalowvoice.Hewastworowsaheadofme.Iwasthewrong

row!Everyonewasturningaroundtolookatme.

"HereJIsaid,handingthegirlherdrink.

“Eww,"shesaid."Youhavehadadrinkofit,soyouowemealemonade."

“Shhhh!”everyonesaidagaincomplainingasIinchedout.

"OK,OK,"Isaid,startingmycrawlacrosseightsetsoffeetagain.Everybodywere

“Don'tcomeback,"theboyontheendsaid.

注意：

1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好。

Paragraph1：

ButtheproblemwasthatIhadtocomebacktobringthisgirlanewlemonade.

Paragraph2：

IthoughtaboutcrawlingoutofthisrowandbackintoEmmett'srow,butIcouldn*t.—

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、D、C

［解析］（1）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheTenacottaArmy段落內(nèi)容TheTerracottaArmyisnotjustChina's

premierhistoricalattractionbutoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury,whichwasconstructed

byChina'sFirstEmperorQinShiHuangoftheQinDynasty（221BC-207BC）.（兵馬俑不僅是中國(guó)

最重要的歷史景點(diǎn)，也是20世紀(jì)最偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一，它是由中國(guó)秦朝（公元前221年-公元前207

年）的第一位皇帝秦始皇建造的）；AncientCityWall段落內(nèi)容Xi'anCityWallwasbuiltinthe14th

centurybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingDynasty（1368-1644）asamilitarydefense

system.（西安城墻建于14世紀(jì)，是明朝（1368/644）第一位皇帝朱元璋的軍事防御系統(tǒng)）；Giant

WildGoosePagoda段落內(nèi)容匚打OneofChina'smostfamousBuddhistpagodas,theGiantWildGoose

PagodawasbuiltintheTangDynasty（618-907）forthestudyofBuddhistscriptures.（大雁塔是中國(guó)

最著名的佛塔之」建于唐代（618-907年），用于學(xué)習(xí)佛經(jīng)。）可知，建于秦朝的兵馬俑具有最

長(zhǎng)的歷史。故選B。

（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ShaanxiHistoryMuseum段落內(nèi)容TheShaanxiHistoryMuseumishometo

over370,000preciousrelicsunearthedinShaanxiovertheyears.（陜西歷史博物館是陜西多年來(lái)出

土的37萬(wàn)多件珍貴文物的所在地。）可知，游客在陜西博物館可以看陜西出土文物。故選D。

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheTerracottaArmy段落內(nèi)容TheTerracottaArmyisnotjustChina'spremier

historicalattractionbutoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury.（兵馬俑不僅是中國(guó)最重要

的歷史景點(diǎn)，也是20世紀(jì)最偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一）；AncientCityWall段落內(nèi)容Xi'anCityWallwasbuilt

inthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingDynasty（1368-1644）asamilitary

defensesystem.（西安城墻建于14世紀(jì)，是明朝（1368-1644）第一位皇帝朱元璋的軍事防御系統(tǒng)）；

GiantWildGoosePagoda段落內(nèi)容OneofChina'smostfamousBuddhistpagodas,theGiantWildGoose

PagodawasbuiltintheTangDynasty（618-907）forthestudyofBuddhistscriptures.（大雁塔是中國(guó)

最著名的佛塔之一，建于唐代（618-907年），用于學(xué)習(xí)佛經(jīng)）；ShaanxiHistoryMuseum段落內(nèi)

容TheShaanxiHistoryMuseumishometoover370,000preciousrelicsunearthedinShaanxioverthe

years.（陜西歷史博物館是陜西多年來(lái)出土的37萬(wàn)多件珍貴文物的所在地。）可知，這四個(gè)景點(diǎn)

的共同點(diǎn)是：它們都具有歷史和文化價(jià)值。故選C。

本文是一篇廣告布告類閱讀，主要介紹了四個(gè)位于西安，具有歷史和文化價(jià)值的景點(diǎn)。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)

句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

4?7.【答案】C、D、D、B

【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Itusedreal-timedata.collectedviaasmartphone

app,ratherthanrelyingonpeople'smemoryofhowtheywerefeeling.（它使用的是通過(guò)智能手機(jī)應(yīng)用

程序收集的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)，而不是依賴人們對(duì)自己感受的記憶。）可知，通過(guò)智能手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序收集

數(shù)據(jù)。故選C。

（2）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的Timespentinnatureisknowntoboostwell-being,withwoodland

walksestimatedtosavetheUKatleast￡185mayearinmentalhealthcosts,forexample.（眾所周知，

花時(shí)間在大自然中可以提高幸福感，例如，在林地散步估計(jì)每年為英國(guó)節(jié)省至少L85億英鎊的心

理健康成本。）"知，節(jié)省心理健康成本也就是對(duì)英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)有益。故選D。

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后——段第四句Butwhentheresearcherstookage,education,andoccupation

intoaccount,thebenefitsofnaturecontactandfeelingsofsocialinclusiononlonelinessremainedstrongly

statisticallysignificant.（但是當(dāng)研究人員將年齡、教育程度和職業(yè)考慮在內(nèi)時(shí)，自然接觸和社會(huì)包

容感對(duì)孤獨(dú)感的好處在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上依然非常顯著。）提到研究人員將年齡教育和職業(yè)考慮在內(nèi)，可

知除了教育之外，許多因素都被考慮在內(nèi)。故選D。

（4）B.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Lonelinessissignificantmentalhealthconcernandcanraiseriskof

deathby45%andcontactwithnatureincitiessignificantlyreducesfeelingsofloneliness,accordingtoa

teamofscientists.（根據(jù)一組科學(xué)家的研究，孤獨(dú)是一個(gè)重要的心理健康問(wèn)題，可以將死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提

高45%,在城市中與大自然接觸可以顯著減少孤獨(dú)感。）可知在城市中接觸大自然可以顯著減少

孤獨(dú)感和全文內(nèi)容可知，主要講了通過(guò)與自然接觸減少城市中的孤獨(dú)感。故選B。

本文是一篇社會(huì)文化類閱讀，主要介紹了一些希望將充實(shí)的職業(yè)生涯和欣欣向榮的個(gè)人生活結(jié)合

起來(lái)的人的工作。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)

句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分

析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

8~11.【答案】B、C、A、D

【解析】（1）B.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句Iwon'tgointodetailshere,butthe___tolifeinBrazil

havebeenespeciallyupsettingconsideringtheirsocialandculturalnorms（規(guī)范）.（在這里我就不細(xì)

說(shuō)了，但考慮到巴西的社會(huì)和文化規(guī)范，這種對(duì)生活的disruption尤其令人不安。）句中havebeen

especiallyupsetting可推知，劃線詞是指對(duì)生活造成打擾或破壞，所以尤其令人不安。劃線詞意為

"擾亂，干擾"。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)：A.Adjustment調(diào)整；B.Disturbance干擾；C.Commitment承諾；D.Preference

偏好。故選B。

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Shewascomfortablewithintimacy；Ipreferredtokeepmydistance.

（她對(duì)親密無(wú)間感到很自在：我寧愿保持距離。）可知，即便有新冠疫情的影響，安娜仍喜歡與

人親近。故選C。

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Iaskediftheshiftsmadeduringthepandemicwillchangecultural

norms."Absolutelynot,"saidAna.ThisiswhoBraziliansareinnatureandchangedoesn'thappen

overnight.Theyspendalotoftimeandenergyinvestinginrelationships,andthedeeplyrootedsocial

conventionswon'tchangequickly.（我問(wèn)，疫情期間所做的改變是否會(huì)改變文化規(guī)范。"絕對(duì)不是，

"安娜說(shuō)。這就是巴西人的本質(zhì)，改變不會(huì)在一夜之間發(fā)生。他們?cè)谌穗H關(guān)系上投入了大量的時(shí)間

和精力，根深蒂固的社會(huì)習(xí)俗不會(huì)很快改變。）可知，安娜認(rèn)為大流行不會(huì)改變社會(huì)和文化規(guī)范，

是因?yàn)榘臀魅颂焐朴诮浑H，在人際關(guān)系上投入了大量的時(shí)間和精力，根深蒂固的社會(huì)習(xí)俗不會(huì)

很快改變。故選A。

（4）D.標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文,并結(jié)合文章最后一段中Idelightinourdifferences,evenifkissing

onthecheekmakesmeuncomfortable.（我喜歡我們的不同，即使親吻臉頰讓我不舒服。）可知，

作者在巴西友人的影響下，改變了對(duì)文化差異的看法，最后作者學(xué)會(huì)了求同存異，欣然接受了文

化差異，由此可知，本文的最佳標(biāo)題是：我對(duì)文化差異的接受。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)：

A.MyAttitudetowardsFriendship我對(duì)友誼的態(tài)度；B.SocialandCulturalnormsinthePandemic流行

病中的社會(huì)和文化規(guī)范；C.TheInfluenceofCOVID-19onLife新冠肺炎對(duì)生活的影響；

D.MyAcceptanceofCulturalDifferences我對(duì)文化差異的接受。故選D。

本文是一篇新型冠狀病毒類閱讀。作者是一名美國(guó)人，在與巴西友人安娜的相處中，她了解到雖

然疫情在一定程度上影響了巴西人的生活，但是根植的傳統(tǒng)文化是不會(huì)輕易改變的，得益于與安

娜多年的友誼，作者學(xué)會(huì)了求同存異，最后欣然接受了文化差異。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒(méi)有

標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過(guò)程中，應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料；

其次細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問(wèn)題，弄清每題要求后，

帶著問(wèn)題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時(shí)，要有較強(qiáng)

的針對(duì)性，對(duì)于捕獲到的信息，要做認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對(duì)題目要求，

才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。

12~15.【答案】C、D、B、A

【解析】（1）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的

Butthefireworkscouldfinallylosetheirappealwiththegrowinguseofdrones（無(wú)人

機(jī)）forlightshows.OneobviousexamplewasdronelightshowintheopeningceremonyofTokyoOly

mpics.但隨著無(wú)人機(jī)在燈光表演中的使用越來(lái)越多，煙花可能最終失去吸引力。一個(gè)明顯的例子

是東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)開(kāi)幕式上的無(wú)人機(jī)燈光表演?？芍?，作者提及東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)是為了舉例說(shuō)明無(wú)人機(jī)在

燈光表演中的廣泛應(yīng)用。故選C。

（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的

Howittalsosaidtherewerebenefitsofdrones,"Theygiveoutnopollutants,they'rereusable,andthere'sn

ofalloutorthatkindofthing.Sointhatsensetheyareaverysensiblechoice.”豪伊特還表示，無(wú)人機(jī)也

有好處，”它們不釋放污染物，可重復(fù)使用，而且沒(méi)有放射性塵埃之類的東西。所以從這個(gè)意義上

說(shuō)，它們是一個(gè)非常明智的選擇。"可知，OllieHowitt認(rèn)為無(wú)人機(jī)表演秀不釋放污染物，沒(méi)有放

射性塵埃，還可重復(fù)利用，即它們及環(huán)保又經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠。故選D。

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的

"Theimpactoffireworkuseontheenvironmenthasbeenshowntobeminorandveryshort-livedandre

centstudieshavesuggestedthatthereislikelytobemorepollutionfromacoupleofcarsdrivingtoane

ventthancausedbyfireworksatanevent.""使用煙花對(duì)環(huán)境的影響很小，而且非常短暫，最近的研

究表明，與在活動(dòng)中燃放煙花相比，兩輛車在活動(dòng)中行駛可能產(chǎn)生更多的污染?！笨芍?，

HansRosling認(rèn)為燃放煙花的污染并不像人們想象的那么嚴(yán)重。故