2024中考英語(yǔ)試題研究 第二部分 重難題型專練 題型五 補(bǔ)全短文（含答案）

2024中考英語(yǔ)試題研究第二部分重難題型專練題型五補(bǔ)全短文話題一事物介紹（10年8考）Passage1(2023定心卷)1題Thankstoaseriesofprotectionmeasures,nowtheDabry'ssturgeon(達(dá)布里鱘魚)canbeseenintheYangtzeRiver.1.________ItisalsoknownastheYangtzesturgeonanditisnamedafteritshome,theupperYangtzeRiver.Ithadlostitsnaturalabilitytogivebirthsince2000becauseofoverfishingandwaterpollution.OverfishingwasonceaseriouschallengethatkilledtheYangtzesturgeonandotherrarefishesintheYangtzeRiver.2題Toprotectthesefishes,Chinasettledafullfishingban(禁令)in332areasoftheYangtzeRiverinJanuary2020.2.________3題Surprisingly,manyfishermenhavenowbecometheprotectorsoffishintheYangtzeRiver.3.________ZhangSong,oneofthem,hadmadealivingbyfishingsince2000andlaterhevolunteeredtobecomeamemberofthefishprotectionteaminWanzhouandhestartedtofightagainstillegal(非法的)fishingactivitiesalongtheYangtzeRiver.“4.________4題IwanttomaketheYangtzeRiveragoodplaceforfishtolive，”Zhangsaid.TheYangtzeRiverProtectionLawcameintoforceonMarch1,2021.5題IthelpsprotectfishintheYangtzeRiver.5.________Withthislaw,Zhang'sworkissupportedandbecomeseasier.【語(yǔ)篇研讀】What：介紹了在國(guó)家政策和法律的幫助下，長(zhǎng)江魚類的生存環(huán)境得到了改善。Why：引導(dǎo)學(xué)生熱愛(ài)大自然，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生保護(hù)環(huán)境的意識(shí)。How：①文體特征：說(shuō)明文。②語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)：在描述達(dá)布里鱘魚的現(xiàn)狀時(shí)運(yùn)用了“l(fā)ost”，“overfishing”，“waterpollution”，“aseriouschallenge”，“killed”等帶有感情色彩的詞，使讀者意識(shí)到保護(hù)環(huán)境的緊迫感和重要性。A.Itisverydifficulttodotheworkwell,butImusttaketheresponsibility.B.Fromnowon,thefishhaveagoodenvironmenttolive.C.Ayearlater,onJan.1,2021,aten-yearfishingbantookeffect.D.What'smore,ithelpsreducethewaterpollutionoftheYangtzeRiver.E.Theymakefulluseoftheirknowledgeaboutfishtoprotectthem.F.TheDabry'ssturgeonisanendangeredfishunderChina'sfirst-classnationalprotection.Passage2Youalmostmakedecisionseveryday,soit'simportanttoimproveyourdecision-makingskills.1.________Collectinformationaboutthesituation.Understandthefactors(因素)intheproblemorsituation.2題Thinkaboutwhatimportantinformationisneededtomakeawisedecision.Avoidmakingadecisionbasedontoolittleinformation.2.________Forexample,ifyou'replanningforwhattodo,youshouldthinkaboutyourinterests,schoolperformancesandfamilyfirst.3.________3題Sometimesthosearebigdecisionsthatrequiremorethoughts,andcarefulexamination.Don'thurrytomakeadecisionbeforeyou'reready.Forexample,yourfriendsinviteyouforatripthisweekend,butyouhavepromisedyourfamilytodohousework.Makesuretogiveyourselftimetorememberyourotherresponsibilitiesbeforeyousay“yes”．4題Planforthepossibilityofproblems.4.________Beingpreparedforthepossibleproblemswillmakeyoulessstressed.Whileproblemsmaynothappen,it'sbettertoconsiderthemaheadoftime.Andyoucanfeelmoreconfidentwhenthingsdon'tgoasplanned.5題Talkwithyourtrustedfriendsorfamilyonthematter.Ifyouhavetroublemakingadecision,talkwithyourtrustedfriendsandfamily.5.________5題Remembertochoosepeoplewhohaveofferedhelpfuladviceinthepast.【語(yǔ)篇研讀】What：介紹了如何更好地做完美決定的四種方法。Why：鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生獨(dú)立做出決斷，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生隨機(jī)應(yīng)變、未雨綢繆的能力。How：①文體特征：說(shuō)明文。②寫作手法：文章第一段開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山引出文章主題即做決定；下文每段以祈使句開(kāi)頭，一一列舉做出完美決定的方法。A.Giveyourselftimetomakeadecision.B.Askothersforhelpwhenyoucan'tmakeadecision.C.Putthemostimportantinformationinthefirstplace.D.Herearefourtipstohelpyoumakedecisionsbetter.E.Makeaplaninplacesothatyouarenottakenbysurprise.F.Thinkcarefullyabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofwhattheysay.Passage3外文素材改編自THEWEEKJunior創(chuàng)設(shè)鮮活人物Howtocreateimaginativeandinterestingcharacters(人物)inyourwriting?1題Thesecretistodescribeanddevelopthemsothatyourcharacterscantakecentrestage.1.________Herearefourtoptipsthatwillmakeyourcharacterscomealiveandkeepreaders'attention.2.________2題Acharacter'snamecangiveyourreadersclues(線索)aboutit.Itcancommunicatewiththeperiodsinhistorythatyourcharactercomefrom.Itcantellyourreaderswheretheycomefromandpaintapictureoftheirpersonalities.3題Whathappenswhenyoubreakthestereotypes(刻板印象)?3.________Sowhynotaddsomedifferentthings?Yourcharactercouldbeapersonwhocan'tspeakclearlyorabirdwithnofeet.Alittlesurprisewillmakeyourcharactershine.Thinkingaboutthewayyourcharactermovesordoeseverydaythingscangiveyourreaderasenseoftheirpersonalities.4題Usingverbsandadverbswillhelpyourreadersunderstandyourcharacter.Forexample,insteadofwriting“went”，youcouldwrite“swaggered(昂首闊步)”todescribehowtheywalked.4.________Maybeyourcharacteralways4題“speaksnervously”，“walkscarefully”or“criesloudly”.Everyonelovesreadingaboutcharacterswhoareinterestingandspecial.5題Forexample,theycanspeaktwelvedifferentlanguages.Theyalwaysdrinktheirtea.5.________Don'tforgettoincludeyourcharacter'sweakness,whichwillmakeyourcharactermoreliketherestofus.【語(yǔ)篇研讀】What：介紹了如何在寫作中創(chuàng)造出富有想象力且有趣的人物的四個(gè)技巧。Why：提高學(xué)生的寫作技巧，激發(fā)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造力。How：①文體特征：說(shuō)明文。②寫作手法：文章開(kāi)頭使用疑問(wèn)句引入本文的主題，吸引了讀者的興趣；此外，文章還運(yùn)用了舉例子的說(shuō)明方法，如“Forexample,insteadof...howtheywalked.”，舉例說(shuō)明描述人物的動(dòng)作的技巧，向?qū)W生提供可操作方法的同時(shí)，使文章內(nèi)容更加詳實(shí)。A.Theyaregoodatplayingchess.B.Theycanalsobringwonderfulstoriestoyourlife.C.Namingyourcharacterisreallyimportant.D.Itcanmakeyourcharactermuchmoreinteresting.E.However,thiscanmakeyoubecomeagoodperson.F.Adverbsareanotherwaytoshowhowyourcharacterdoesthings.Passage4Technologyisdevelopingatasurprisingspeed.Productsthatwereinventedyearsagoarenowbecomingverycommon.1題Andthedevelopingspeedoftechnologyisfasterthanbefore.1.________2題Weusedtoturnonamachinebyhand,butnowvoicerecognition(識(shí)別)ischangingusers'experienceandourdailylife.2.________Anditcandoasyoutellittodo.Besides,smartphonescanalsomakeourvoicecallsmucheasierandfaster.3.________YoucansellproductsontheInternetandgetmoneyfromthebankdirectlyifyouuseonlinemarketingautomation(自動(dòng))programs.Youcanresearchthemarket,knowaboutyourcompetitorsandlearnabouttechnologies.3題Andsuchtechnologicalchangesinbusinesswillhelpyoucutdownyourproductioncost,soyouwillmakemoremoney.What'smore,Idon'tthinkyouhavetostoreyourpersonalandbusinessinformationonyourharddrive(硬盤驅(qū)動(dòng)器),pendriveorDVDs.4題Youcanupload(上傳)ittocloudsandvisititanywhereandanytime.4.________Theinformationisstoredintheclouds,whichyoucanuseanytimeandanywhere.5題Moreandmoretechnologieswillappear.5.________Bytheway,withthedevelopmentofallkindsoftechnologies,wewillmeetsometroublesatthesametime.Itisimportanttoprotectourinformation.Wecanenjoytheconvenienceoftechnology.Butweshouldalsoavoidthedisadvantagesoftechnology.【語(yǔ)篇研讀】What：介紹了現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展對(duì)人們生活及工作產(chǎn)生的影響。Why：引導(dǎo)學(xué)生意識(shí)到科技發(fā)展的迅速，關(guān)注科技創(chuàng)新，意識(shí)到“科技是一把雙刃劍”。How：①文體特征：說(shuō)明文。②語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)：文章注重對(duì)科技發(fā)展的評(píng)價(jià)和思考，如“Newtechnologiesaremakingdifferencestoourlifeandwork.”，“Itisimportanttoprotectourinformation.”等，增強(qiáng)了文章的可讀性。A.Andourlifewillchangealongwiththem.B.Wejustneedtospeaktothemachinefacetoface.C.Butwemustpayattentiontotheinformation'ssafety.D.Technologyhasalsochangedourdailybusinessactivities.E.Youdon'thavetospendtimestoringitonyourcomputer.F.Newtechnologiesaremakingdifferencestoourlifeandwork.Passage5AgrowingnumberofpeopleinChinachoosetospendtheirsparetimeatlesser-knownplaces.That'scalled“reversetourism(逆向旅游)”.1題Inotherwords,manypeopleavoidedpopularholidayplacestoenjoysomepeacefulandquietplaces.1.________2題AccordingtoapieceofinformationreportedinNov.2022,thenumberofroomsbookedathotelsinless-traveledcitiesduringtheNationalDaywasup30percentcomparedwiththesameperiodoflastyear.2.________Itmadepeoplesurprised.3題Besidescrowds,sometouristsprefertovisitless-traveledplacestosaveonthecostoftripsratherthanvisitpopularplaces.3.________What'smore,populartouristplacesarealwayscrowdedandoftenraisetheirpricesduringholidays.4.________4題Attracted(吸引)bythepicturesorvideosofthecitiesontheInternet,morepeoplegotothelesspopularcitiestotravel.Infact,lesser-knownplacesarenotas“commercial(商業(yè)化)”asdevelopedonesandareabletooffermorerealexperiences,naturalmeetsandmoresurprises.5題Theriseofreversetourismisnotabadthing.Itmeansthattouristsnowhavemorechoices.5.________Moreimportantly,theriseissettoforcepopularplacestoimprovethemselves.【語(yǔ)篇研讀】What：介紹了人們選擇“逆向旅游”的原因及其帶來(lái)的好處。Why：引導(dǎo)學(xué)生了解多樣化的旅游方式，豐富旅游體驗(yàn)。How：①文體特征：說(shuō)明文。②語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)：文章通過(guò)使用“enjoysomepeacefulandquietplaces,realexperiences,naturalmeets,moresurprises”等詞組，鼓勵(lì)讀者嘗試逆向旅游，享受更真實(shí)、更有意義的旅游。A.Afterall,touristswanttogetawayfromthebusycitylife.B.Anditalsobringsmorepossibilitiestothetourismmarket.C.Moreandmorepeoplemaychoosetheirfavoriteplacestotravel.D.Thosefamousplacesoftenneedexpensivetickets,mealsandhotelstays.E.Moreover,astheInternetdevelops,somelesspopularcitiesareknowntopeople.F.Bookingsforfour-starandfive-starhotelsinless-traveledplacesallincreasedatleast10times.Passage6Woodblockprinting(雕版印刷)wasoncepopularintheprintinghistory.1.________1題TheinventiondependsontheearlycopytechnologyduringtheTangDynasty.Thestepsofwoodblockprintingaredividedintothreeparts:engraving(雕刻),inkmaking,andbookbinding(裝訂).First,chooseapieceofsmoothwoodenboardandengravethetextonthewoodblock.Engraveeverywordandleavealittlespace.Second,printoutthetext.Puttheengravedboardwithink,thenputthepaperonthesurfaceoftheboard.2.________2題Thetextwill“jumpontothepaper”.Thethirdstepisbookbinding.Peopleturnitintoabookthroughcollectingtheprintedpaper.3題Atpresent,theearliestblock-printedthingthatcanbeseenistheblock-printedDiamondSutra(《金剛經(jīng)》)intheTangDynasty.3.________Theprintingprocessisverywonderful.Thewoodblockprintinghasmanyadvantages,soitquicklytooktheplaceofhand-copying.Itsbiggestadvantageisthatawoodblockcanbeusedagainforprinting.Alsoitrequireslesstowork.4題Andithelpspeopletosavemoretime.Ithasbroughtmanychanges.4.________What'smore,itwasausefultooltopushtheculturedevelopmentforward.5題TheancientChinesecultureisengravedthroughthisskill.5.________5題Italsopushesfortheuseofpapermoney,makingtheexchangeforgoodsfasterandeasier.【語(yǔ)篇研讀】What：介紹了雕版印刷的制作步驟、發(fā)展歷程、優(yōu)點(diǎn)及歷史意義。Why：增強(qiáng)學(xué)生對(duì)中國(guó)古代偉大發(fā)明的認(rèn)識(shí)，增強(qiáng)文化認(rèn)同，堅(jiān)定文化自信。How：①文體特征：說(shuō)明文。②寫作手法：文章以時(shí)間順序展開(kāi)，先介紹了雕版印刷的歷史起源，然后詳細(xì)介紹了制作過(guò)程，最后闡述了雕版印刷的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和對(duì)文化發(fā)展的影響；此外，文章還采用了舉例的方式，通過(guò)介紹唐代的《金剛經(jīng)》來(lái)說(shuō)明雕版印刷的歷史和制作過(guò)程。A.Andputthehandoverthebackofthepaper.B.ItshistorycandatebacktotheTangDynasty.C.Woodblockprintinghasbecomepopularsincethen.D.ItwasfoundinDunhuangandwasprintedin868AD.E.Somanystoriesareprintedintobooksandhavewidelyspread.F.Theuseofwoodblockprintingwashelpfultoincreasethenumberofbooks.話題二生活百科Passage7ImaginethatyouhavejustsatdowntowatchyourfavoriteTVshow.Youhavedecidedtositcross-legged.Anhourortwohourslater,youtrystandingup,butyourlegsdon'twork.1.________1題Then,yougetpinsandneedles(針刺般的疼痛)inbothlegs.Whatjusthappened?2.________2題Everytimeyouwanttomoveyourlegs,yourbraintalkstoyourlegsthroughsomenerves(神經(jīng)).Whenyousitcross-leggedforawhile,therewillbesomepressure(壓力)onthesenerves.3.________3題Soyourbraindoesn'tknowwhatyourlegsarefeelingoriftheyaremoving.That'swhyitfeelsasifyourlegshave“fallenasleep”whenyoutrytostandupatfirst.Whenyoustarttomoveyourlegssuddenly,thepressurewillcomeoutfromyournerves.Yournervesstarttowork.4題Yourlegswill“wakeup”andyou'llfeelthesenseofpinsandneedles.4.________Allyouhavetodoisjustwaiting.5題Youcanshakearoundthelegstohelpyourbloodgetflowingagain.5.________Lettingthenervesge