2025版新教材高考英語復(fù)習(xí)特訓(xùn)卷階段檢測(cè)卷四

階段檢測(cè)卷(四)第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABruges,BelgiumIfyou'veseenthemovieInBruges,youprobablyknowalittlebitaboutthiscity.AndeventhoughColinFarrell'scharacterkeepssayingit'sboring,youcan'tdenythebeautyofthismedievalcity.TheGothicarchitectureisjustmesmerizing,allthoseprettybuildingswrappedinvinesthatbecomeallshadesofcrimsoninthefall—it'safeastforyoureyes.Andthecanals,youhavetotakeaboatridethroughthecanalswhenyou'rethere—it'sincredible.Plus,theyhavethemostcharmingopenairmarketsthatworkallthewayuntiltheendofNovember,andit'salsoagreatopportunitytotastethebesthotchocolateyou'lleverhaveinyourlife.Piedmont,ItalyIfyoulikewineandgoodfood,autumnisyourpeakseasonforvisitingItaly.FallisvineyardharvesttimesodefinitelygotoPiedmont.Theyalsohavelotsofdifferentfoodfestivalsintheautumnhere,soifyouwanttotrysomemushroomsortruffles,chestnutsorchocolate,Italyiswaitingforyouthisfall.LoireValley,FranceForthoseofyouwhowanttowitnessthecolorfuldisplaysofautumnwithaglassofwineinyourhand,LoireValleyisyourbestdestination.ThisregionofFranceisfamousforitsvineyardsandlateOctoberisthepeakseasonifyouwanttoseeallthevineyardsinablazeofred,orangeandgoldenhues.It'strulyasighttobehold.Amsterdam,theNetherlandsAmsterdamisbeautifulatanytimeoftheyear,butthere'sjustsomethingincrediblyromanticandpicturesqueaboutgoingonabikerideinAmsterdamintheautumn.Allthebeautifultreescoveredinredandorangeleaves,themazeofcanalsreflectingthegoldenraysofthesun,beautifulandcharmingarchitectureofthehousesthatstandalongsidethecanalslookabitmagicalinthefall.1．Inhowmanyplacescanyouenjoywineaccordingtothepassage?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.2．WhatcanvisitorstasteinbothBrugesandPiedmont?A．Truffles.B．Mushrooms.C．Chocolate.D．Chestnuts.3．Whichactivitycanbeincludedtoyourautumntrip?A．VisitmanyhistoricsitesinPiedmont.B．WatchthemovieInBrugesinBelgium.C．TakeaboatridethroughthecanalsinAmsterdam.D．GetthebestviewofthevineyardsinLoireValleyinlateOctober.BIngeneral,therichesofthenaturalworldaren'tspreadevenlyacrosstheglobe.PlacesliketheTropicalAndesinSouthAmericaaresimplypackedwithuniquespecies,manyofwhichcan'tbefoundinanyotherplaces.Untilrecently,themainexplanationforthebiologicalrichesconcentratedinplacesliketheAmazonBasinwasthatsuchplacesmustbeenginesofbiodiversity,withnewspeciesevolvingatafasterratethanotherpartsoftheworld.Butnow,newresearchonbirdevolutionmayturnthatassumptiononitshead,insteadsupportingtheideathatareaswithfewerspeciesactuallytendtoproducenewspeciesfaster.Theresearcherssaythesebiodiversity“coldspots”aregenerallyfoundinenvironmentsfeaturingfreezing,dryandunstableconditions.Thoughtheresearchersfoundtheselocationswithfewbirdspeciestendtoproducenewonesathighrates,theyfailtoaccumulatemanyspeciesbecausetheunstableconditionsfrequentlymakethenewlifeformsdieout.Themorewell-known“hotspots”，bycontrast,haveaccumulatedtheirlargenumbersofspeciesbybeingwarm,hospitableandrelativelystable.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatthecountlessbirdspeciesthatcalltheAmazonhometendtobeolderinevolutionaryterms.“NewspeciesdoforminplacesliketheAmazon,justnotasfrequentlyasinthedrygrasslandsintheAndes，”saysElizabeth,anevolutionarybiologistattheUniversityofTennessee.Theresearchersmanagedtocollect1，940samplesrepresenting1，287ofthe1，306birdspeciesfromSouthAmerica.Theiranalysisshowedthatthebestpredictorofwhetheranareawouldproducenewspeciesatahighratewashowmanyspecieslivedthere,ratherthanclimateorgeographicfeatureslikemountains.Species-richareastendedtoproducenewspeciesmoreslowly.“Maybebadenvironmentsgeneratenewspeciesmorefrequentlybecausethere'slesscompetitionandmoreavailableopportunitiesfornewspecies，”saysGustavoBravo,aleadresearcher.Thestudy'sfindingsaddnewurgencytoprotectecosystemsthatmaylookbarren,__butmayactuallybenature'shothousesfortheevolutionofnewspecies.4．WhyisSouthAmericamentionedinthefirstparagraph?A．Tomakeacomparison.B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Toexplainafact.D．Todrawaconclusion.5．Whatdeterminestherisingrateofnewspeciesinaplace?A．Thenumberofitsthenspecies.B．Theenvironmenttheylivedin.C．Thesurvivalskillsofspecies.D．Thedifferentbiologicalfactors.6．Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“barren”inthelastparagraph?A．Dryandbare.B．Livelyandactive.C．Niceandgreen.D．Complexandunpredictable.7．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TropicalareasarehometolargenumbersofspeciesB．NewspeciesprefertoliveintheextremeclimateC．HarshenvironmentsposeagreaterthreattospeciesD．TheworseecosystemmaygivebirthtonewspeciesfasterCThatyoungstersweregluedtoonlinegamesontheirsmartphoneswasagreatconcernforNgurangMeena,aschoolteacherinNirjuli.The30-year-oldsocialscienceteacher,whorantheNgurangLearningInstitute,anadultliteracycentre,saidthatshefeltdisheartenedwhenshereadstudentpapers.“Thegraphofstudentperformanceisfallingeveryyear.ItbreaksmyheartwheneverIseeanswersheets—basicgrammarskillsaremissingandthere'sanabsenceofanycohesive(連貫的)expression.Theylackguidanceandtheirreadingcultureisalmostzero，”Meenasaid.Whenherschoolandthecentresheranhadtocloseduetoinfectiousdiseases,sheplannedtodosomethingtoaddresstheproblem.InspiredbyasimilarproposalinMizoram,Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksaswellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadinNirjulionAugust30th,2024,wherepassers-bycouldspendtimereading.Theselectionsincludedmotivationalbooks,biographiesandnovelsaswellascomicsforyoungchildren.“Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstositandread,butthatisokay，”shelaughed.Meena'sbookshelfbecameahitamongyoungsterswhospenthoursinthereadingcorner.Withintwomonths,hereffortbecamethetalkofthetown.Now,generouscontributionsofbookscomeinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceivingrequeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate,includingoneinthecapital,Itanagar.Sincethetinylibrariesarefarfromthemaintown,shealsolendsbooksouttothosewhowanttoreadathome.“Ineverthoughtthatthiswouldbecomesuchabiginspiration，”Meenasaid.“Sincechildhood,wehavebeentoldthatbooksareourbestfriends.Thenextgenerationofkidsisfocusedongamesandotherthings.Idon'twantthemtoheadonthewrongtrack，”sheadded.8．What'stheaimofMeena'sreadingprogram?A．Tocareforyoungsterslackinginreading.B．Tohelpadultslearnsomecohesiveexpression.C．TokeepNgurangLearningInstituterunningwell.D．Tohighlighttheimportanceofreadingforadults.9．WhatdidMeenadotoencourageyoungkidstoreadmore?A．Sheofferedsomerewardstothem.B．Sheprovidedthemwithtransportation.C．Shechosenovelswithbeautifulcovers.D．Sheselectedbookscoveringeverycategory.10．WhichwordscanbestdescribeMeena'slibraries?A．Smallanduseless.B．Influentialandmeaningful.C．Largebutimpractical.D．Widespreadbutunwelcome.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Books:SourcesofKnowledgeB．TheRoadsideReadingCornerC．TheLibrary:anIdealplacefortheYoungD．NewIdeasaboutSettingaReadingPlanDConstantlyforcingknowledgeandexperiencesintoyourbrainmayseemlikethequickestpathtoself-improvement.Butsometimesthebestthingyoucandoforyourbrainisabsolutelynothingatall.Payinglessattentiontosurroundings—whetherbyshowering,pullingweeds,orpettingadog—providesanopportunityforwhatpsychologistscallwakefulrest.It'satimewhenyoucanputimmediatetasksasidelikehowtomeettheworkdeadlineandinsteadfocusoncurrentfeelings,reflectonthepast,andthinkaboutthefuture.Intheblankness,MRI(核磁共振成像)brainimagingshowsaharmonyofgraymattercalledthedefaultmodenetwork(默認(rèn)模式網(wǎng)絡(luò))takescontrol.Neuroscientists(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家)stilldon'tcompletelyunderstandhowthissystemworks,buttheythinkitconnectsharmoniouspartsofourbrains,whichcanhelpusfindmeaninginourmessylives.“Thisblanknessmightalsoreduceanxiety,boostcreativity,andimprovememory，”saysMaryHelenImmordino-Yang,aneuroscientistattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia'sBrainandCreativityInstitute.Thetroubleis,thebattleoflifeleaveslittleroomtoletyourmindwander.Manyspendtheirfreetimeconsumingentertainment.Itmayfeelrelaxingbutrequiresbrainpowertoenjoy.Fortunately,therearewaystoencourageyourresting-statenetworktotakeover：FINDYOURJOYCasualhobbiesthataretotallydifferentfromyourdayjobcanhelppreventout-of-officeanxiety.GETAWAYNewsurroundingsgiveyourbrainabreakfromenvironmentalcues,likethesightofyourdeskandlaptopthattellittowork.SWITCHOFFInformationcanbetooattractivetoignore.Turningoffanyandalldeviceshelpsmaintainrelaxationmode.12．Whatis“wakefulrest”accordingtothepsychologistsinthetext?A．Itisatimetopaylessattentiontosurroundings.B．Itisasystemtotakecontrol.C．Itisastatetoconcentrate.D．Itisanopportunitytowork.13．Inwhataspectcanthisblanknessbenefitus?A．Promotingcreativity.B．Managingmoods.C．Removinganxiety.D．Controllingbrains.14．Whichactivitydoestheauthorsuggesttoastressfulsoftwareengineer?A．Workingonhisdeskinanewoffice.B．Playinghisfavoritecomputergames.C．Doingsomegardeninginthebackyard.D．Developingasoftwarewithcolleagues.15．Wherecanweprobablyreadthetext?A．Abookreview.B．Asciencejournal.C．Aguidebook.D．Afilmposter.其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Arepeoplelessormorehappywhentheygetolder?Astudyin2024foundthatpeoplegenerallybecamehappierandexperiencedlessworryaftertheageof50.Infact,itfoundthatbytheageof85,peoplewerehappierwiththeirlifethantheywereat18.ArthurStoneintheDepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralScienceatStonyBrookUniversityinNewYorkledthestudy.Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerethehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof22and25.__16__Happinesswasthehighestamongtheyoungestadultsandthoseintheirearly70's.Butthepeopleleastlikelytoreportfeelingnegativeemotionswerethoseintheir70'sand80's.Thesurveyalsofoundthatmenandwomenhadsimilaremotionalpatternsastheygrewolder.__17__Theresearchersalsoconsideredpossibleinfluenceslikehavingyoungchildren,beingunemployedorbeingsingle.Buttheyfoundthatinfluenceslikethesedidnotaffectthelevelsofhappinessandwell-beingrelatedtoage.__18__Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegetolder,theybecomemorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheiremotions.Theyalsospendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.__19__Inanotherstudy,peopleintheir80'sreportedthefewestproblemswiththequalityoftheirsleep.Theoriginalgoalwastoconfirmthepopularbeliefthatagingisconnectedwithincreasedsleepproblems.__20__Butexceptforthat,peoplereportedthattheyfelttheirsleepqualityimprovedastheygotolder.A．Sowhywillhappinessincreasewithage?B．Researcherssurveyedmorethan150，000Americanadults.C．Atthattime,thepeoplewerebetweentheageof18and25.D．Stresslevelsdroppedsharplyafterpeoplereachedtheir50's.E．Happinessisnottheonlythingthatapparentlyimproveswithage.F．Thesurveydidfindanincreaseduringmiddleage,especiallyinwomen.G．However,womenatallagesreportedmoresadness,stressandworrythanmen.其次部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Myfamilywentonholidayforaweekthissummer.Iwassurprisedtolearnthesleeping__21__forthenight—myyoungdaughterhadagreedtosleepinafirst-floorbedroombyherself.Aswe__22__，wediscussedthedeerwehad__23__onourway.“Ihopewecouldseeabearortwothis__24__！”mywifeshouted.Atbedtime,mywifeandIwenttotheupstairsroom,andmyparents-in-law(岳父母)headedfora__25__onthefirstfloor.MywifeandIwereabouttosleepwhenourdaughterappearedwitha(n)__26__lookonherface.Shesaida__27__wasscratching(刮出刺耳聲)atherwindow.IdecideditwouldbethebestifIsleptdownstairsandmydaughtersharedtheroomwithmywife.Onmywaydown,Ipassedmyfather-in-law,asleepinfrontofthe__28__．IwasinbedonlyafewminuteswhenIheardataponthewindowoutside.Somethingwasindeedoutthere.__29__，itwasn'tabear—Itoldmyself.Ifellasleepsoon.Sometimelater,Iwas__30__byastrangesound.Isawalarge__31__inthedoorwayandfrozeasit__32__closertome.Irealizedwhatitwas—onlyaftermyfather-in-lawbentdowntogivemeakiss.“It'sDavid.”Myfather-in-lawjumpedback.Welaughed__33__attheawkwardmoment,andIexplainedhisgranddaughter'sbedroom__34__.Itoldhimthattheonlything__35__thanabearattackwasPapaBearcomingintokissmegoodnight.21．A.schedulesB．a(chǎn)rrangementsC．plotsD．routines22．A.settledinB．brokeinC．lookeddownD．calmeddown23．A.shotB．huntedC．trainedD．spotted24．A.eveningB．weekC．monthD．year25．A.studyB．kitchenC．bedroomD．bathroom26．A.worriedB．embarrassedC．delightedD．satisfied27．A.dogB．deerC．catD．bear28．A.houseB．televisionC．doorD．fire29．A.BesidesB．ThereforeC．OtherwiseD．However30．A.awakenedB．interruptedC．impressedD．struck31．A.figureB．personC．a(chǎn)nimalD．ghost32．A.climbedB．jumpedC．inchedD．rolled33．A.eagerlyB．sincerelyC．secretlyD．nervously34．A.preferenceB．switchC．differenceD．choice35．A.prettierB．funnierC．scarierD．stranger其次節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。BorninChinain1911,QianXuesenmajoredinrailwayengineeringatJiaotongUniversityinShanghaibutswitchedtoaeronautics(航空學(xué))in193536.________hecametotheUnitedStatestopursuegraduatestudies.He37.________(earn)amaster'sdegreein1936fromMITandthenaPhDin1939.Shortlythereafter,heworkedinAmericaandplayedacontributingroleintheAmericanspaceprogram.In1950,38.________(he)requestforreturningtoChinawasdenied.Eventually,heleftwithhisfamilyforChinain1955asaresultofdiplomaticnegotiationsinGeneva.UponhisreturntoChina,Qian39.________(appoint)asdirectoroftheInstituteofMechanicsintheChineseAcademyofSciencesinBeijing.Inthelate1950sandearly1960s,hehelpedChinaconductthefirsttestofanatomic(原子的)bomb40.________(deliver)byamediumandshortrangemissilein1966.Hefurthermorecontributed41.________Chinalaunchingitsfirstsatellitein1970.Inhislateryears,QianwasalsocreditedinChinafor42.________(provide)criticalsupportforthehumanspaceflightprogramwhenitfacedcutbacks.Hewas43.________(especial)influentialinhispromotionofsystemsengineeringinaerospace(航空航天)projectsandother44.________(area)untilhisdeathin2009.Qianisregardedas45.________pioneeringandfoundationalfigureinthehistoryofChina'sspaceprogram.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)為迎接國外姐妹學(xué)校來訪師生，學(xué)校準(zhǔn)備選拔“文化溝通小使者”(YoungAmbassadorforCulturalExchange)，你準(zhǔn)備參與。請(qǐng)寫一篇英語競(jìng)選演講稿，內(nèi)容包括：1．自我介紹；2．競(jìng)選理由。留意：1.詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Goodmorning,dearjudges.I'mCandidateNo.1.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________其次節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。HenrygotonhisbikeandbegantodelivercopiesoftheMarch8，1970issueofTheGazette.Halfanhourlater,hethrewthelastnewspaperontotheporch(門廊)at35OakStreetandcycledtoTheGazetteoffices.Theremustbesomethingimportantfortheeditorinchieftomeetwithan11-year-oldpaperboy.“Nogoodwaytodeliverbadnews，”Mr.TrottagreetedhimwhenHenrysteppedin.Henry'ssmilefaded.“We'reclosingshop,Henry.Advertisingisdown.Televisionishowpeoplegettheirnewstoday.Localpapersarethefirsttoclose，”Mr.Trottashrugged.Henrycouldn'tbelievehisears,frozentothespot.Hethoughtofallthosepeoplehehadmetonhisroute.Theywouldn'tgettheirneighborhoodnewsanymore!“Youweregreat,Henry—alwaysdependable，”Mr.Trottasaid.Henryforcedhisheaduptosaygoodbye.AsherodepastthehousesheknewsowellhesawMr.Gradyonhisporch,holdingabroom(掃帚).Henryledhimtoachairandcleanedtheporch.TheysatforawhileasMr.Gradyrecalledhowhappyhe'dbeenmovinghisfamilyto10Oak.Hesoundedlonely.Aweekafterhislastdeliveries,HenrywonderedifhiscustomersmissedTheGazetteasmuchashedid.Hethoughtofawaytofindout.Hestartedoutonhisoldroutewithanotebook.HenrystoppedatMrs.Burke's.Sheopenedthedoor,holdingthetwobabies.Sheaskedhimifheknewanyneighborswiththeexperienceoflookingafterchildren.Mr.Simonwasnextdoor,carryinghisviolinout.“Hey,Henry.MybandwillbehavingaconcertintheparkthisFriday.Tellyourfriends.”AsHenrymademorenotes,anideastartedforminginhishead.Maybehecouldcreateanewsypage(小報(bào))fortheneighbors.留意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。NeighborscheeredHenry'sidea,readytoofferinformation.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Henry'sfirstOakStreetNewsthenproduceddesiredeffects.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________階段檢測(cè)卷（四）第一部分閱讀第一節(jié)A語篇類型：應(yīng)用文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——旅游——值得一游的四個(gè)地方【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了值得一游的四個(gè)地方——比利時(shí)的布魯日、意大利的皮德蒙特、法國的盧瓦爾河谷、荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹，重點(diǎn)介紹了這四個(gè)地區(qū)的景色特點(diǎn)。1．答案與解析：B考查理解詳細(xì)信息的實(shí)力。由題干關(guān)鍵詞wine定位至其次段第一句“Ifyoulikewine...forvisitingItaly”和第三段第一句“Forthoseofyou...withaglassofwineinyourhand，LoireValleyisyourbestdestination”，據(jù)此可知，在這四個(gè)地方中人們可以在意大利皮德蒙特和法國盧瓦爾河谷品嘗葡萄酒，故B項(xiàng)正確。2．答案與解析：C考查理解詳細(xì)信息的實(shí)力。依據(jù)第一段尾句中的“andit'salsoagreatopportunitytotastethebesthotchocolate”可知，在比利時(shí)的布魯日可以品嘗到熱巧克力；依據(jù)其次段尾句中的“soifyouwanttotrysomemushroomsortruffles,chestnutsorchocolate，Italyiswaitingforyouthisfall”可知，人們可以在意大利皮德蒙特品嘗到蘑菇或松露，栗子或巧克力。據(jù)此可知，在這兩個(gè)地方人們都能品嘗到巧克力。故C項(xiàng)正確。3．答案與解析：D考查理解詳細(xì)信息的實(shí)力。依據(jù)第三段其次句可知，十月下旬是欣賞盧瓦爾河谷葡萄園的最佳季節(jié)，故D項(xiàng)正確。其他三項(xiàng)文中未提及。B語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與自然——探討發(fā)覺——生態(tài)環(huán)境惡劣的地方產(chǎn)生新物種的速度更快【語篇解讀】本文主要講解并描述南美亞馬孫盆地的環(huán)境有利于新物種的生存，但產(chǎn)生新物種的速度較慢。然而，一項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺，惡劣的環(huán)境更易產(chǎn)生新物種，但因環(huán)境不穩(wěn)定，無法維持物種的發(fā)展。這項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺呼吁人們愛護(hù)那些看起來貧瘠，但事實(shí)上可能是新物種進(jìn)化的自然溫室的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。4．答案與解析：B考查推斷的實(shí)力。第一段講到南美洲物種豐富，人們認(rèn)為是物種進(jìn)化快的結(jié)果。但是新探討卻認(rèn)為物種少的地方產(chǎn)生新物種的速度更快。由此可知，提到南美洲是為了引出話題，提出新探討的觀點(diǎn)。故B項(xiàng)正確。5．答案與解析：A考查理解詳細(xì)信息的實(shí)力。依據(jù)第一段中的“areaswithfewerspeciesactuallytendtoproducenewspeciesfaster”并結(jié)合第四段中的“thebestpredictor...slowly”可知，新物種出現(xiàn)的速度是由該地當(dāng)時(shí)物種的多少確定的。故A項(xiàng)正確。6．答案與解析：A考查理解詞匯的實(shí)力。依據(jù)畫線詞后的“但事實(shí)上可能是新物種進(jìn)化的自然溫室”可知，畫線詞在邏輯上應(yīng)與此相反。故A項(xiàng)正確。barren“貧瘠的；不毛的”。7．答案與解析：D考查理解文章主旨要義的實(shí)力。文章第一段尾句提出了新探討的觀點(diǎn)：物種較少的地區(qū)事實(shí)上往往會(huì)更快地產(chǎn)生新物種。結(jié)合第五段中的“Maybebadenvironmentsgeneratenewspeciesmorefrequently”可知，本文主要講解并描述物種稀有、環(huán)境惡劣的地區(qū)產(chǎn)生新物種的速度往往更快。故D項(xiàng)正確。C語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——社會(huì)服務(wù)——開設(shè)讀書角【語篇解讀】一位名叫Meena的女老師發(fā)覺孩子們?nèi)狈﹂喿x后，確定開設(shè)一個(gè)路邊的讀書角，以激勵(lì)他們多讀書。8．答案與解析：A考查理解詳細(xì)信息的實(shí)力。依據(jù)第一段中的“Theylackguidance...addresstheproblem”可知，Meena要解決孩子們?nèi)狈χ笇?dǎo)和閱讀文化的問題，因此她的讀書支配就是為了關(guān)愛那些缺乏閱讀的孩子們。故選A。9．答案與解析：A考查理解詳細(xì)信息的實(shí)力。依據(jù)其次段中的“‘Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstositandread，butthatisokay，’shelaughed”可知，為了讓孩子們坐下來閱讀，Meena得嘉獎(jiǎng)他們一些糖果。故選A。10．答案與解析：B考查推斷的實(shí)力。依據(jù)第四段“Now,generouscontributions...wanttoreadathome”可推斷出，她的圖書館很有影響力而且意義重大。故選B。11．答案與解析：B考查理解文章主旨要義的實(shí)力。依據(jù)其次段中的“Inspiredbyasimilarproposal...spendtimereading”并結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講了一位女老師開設(shè)路邊讀書角的故事。所以文章的最佳標(biāo)題為“路邊閱讀角”。故選B。D語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——科學(xué)探討——“醒悟的休息”【語篇解讀】人們一般認(rèn)為不停地往大腦里輸入信息是自我提升的最好方式，但是探討發(fā)覺可能什么也不往大腦里放才是最好的方式。12．答案與解析：A考查理解詳細(xì)信息的實(shí)力。依據(jù)其次段中的“Payinglessattentiontosurroundings—whetherbyshowering,pullingweeds,orpettingadog—providesanopportunityforwhatpsychologistscallwakefulrest”可知，wakefulrest就意味著你可以通過淋浴、除草、摩挲狗等方式讓大腦放空一下，不過多關(guān)注四周環(huán)境，故A項(xiàng)正確。13．答案與解析：A考查理解詳細(xì)信息的實(shí)力。依據(jù)第三段中的“Thisblanknessmightalsoreduceanxiety,boostcreativity,andimprovememory”可知，大腦放空可以削減焦慮、激發(fā)創(chuàng)建力、提高記憶力，故A項(xiàng)正確。14．答案與解析：C考查推斷的實(shí)力。依據(jù)第五段中的“Casualhobbiesthataretotallydifferentfromyourdayjobcanhelppreventout-of-officeanxiety”可知，與你日常工作完全不同的愛好可以讓你遠(yuǎn)離焦慮，所以一個(gè)軟件工程師壓力過大的話，可以嘗試做做園藝，這可以讓他/她不再感到那么有壓力，故C項(xiàng)正確。15．答案與解析：B考查理解文章類型的實(shí)力。本文主要講解并描述了人們一般認(rèn)為不停地往大腦里輸入信息是自我提升的最好方式，但是探討發(fā)覺可能什么也不往大腦里放才是最好的方式。作者還通過腦核磁供應(yīng)了科學(xué)支撐，并給出了一些建議，因此該文章應(yīng)當(dāng)源自一篇科學(xué)報(bào)道，故B項(xiàng)正確。其次節(jié)語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——探討發(fā)覺——華蜜感會(huì)隨年齡增長而增加【語篇解讀】本文主要探討人們?cè)谀昀现蟾託g樂、更少擔(dān)憂。16．答案與解析：D考查上下文連接。設(shè)空處位于其次段最終一句，設(shè)空前一句說了探討團(tuán)隊(duì)關(guān)于壓力水平的發(fā)覺，即最高的壓力水平出現(xiàn)在哪些年齡段，所以該空可能與壓力水平的下降有關(guān)。故選D。17．答案與解析：G考查上下文連接。該空前一句說的是隨著年齡變大，男人和女人有相像的心情模式，所以此處應(yīng)接著說基于男女對(duì)比的探討發(fā)覺。故選G。18．答案與解析：A考查段落主旨句。空處位于句首。依據(jù)后面的說明（一個(gè)理論認(rèn)為，人變老時(shí)會(huì)變得對(duì)他們所擁有的事情更加感謝，而且能更好地限制心情）可知，A項(xiàng)“那么為什么華蜜感會(huì)隨著年齡增加？”符合語境。故選A。19．答案與解析：E考查段落主旨句?？仗幬挥诰涫祝罁?jù)后面的內(nèi)容可知，人們到了80多歲的時(shí)候，睡眠質(zhì)量問題最少，這是隨著變老出現(xiàn)的又一個(gè)好處。故選E。20．答案與解析：F考查上下文連接。前一句說，有個(gè)流行的觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，隨著年齡的增長，睡眠問題應(yīng)當(dāng)增加。而空后“But”表轉(zhuǎn)折，故可推知此空和前一句為順承關(guān)系，應(yīng)與睡眠問題的增加有關(guān)，故選F。其次部分語言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與自我——旅途趣事——家庭旅途中的經(jīng)驗(yàn)【語篇解讀】“我”和家人在今年夏天一同度假，由于小女兒膽怯 窗戶外面的“熊”，所以我們的住宿支配進(jìn)行了些調(diào)整。岳父不知道進(jìn)行了調(diào)整，一心想要和心愛的外孫女親吻道晚安，卻使得小女兒以為熊到訪而感覺膽怯 ，由此引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)小誤會(huì)。21．答案與解析：B考查語境推斷。依據(jù)下文提示“myyoungdaughter...byherself”可知，此處表示關(guān)于房間的相關(guān)支配，因此選B。22．答案與解析：A考查邏輯推斷。依據(jù)上文可知，此處表示我們到達(dá)地點(diǎn)后安排下來之意。A項(xiàng)為“安排下來”；B項(xiàng)為“破門而入”；C項(xiàng)為“向下看”；D項(xiàng)為“冷靜，寧靜”。因此選A。23．答案與解析：D考查語境推斷和詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。依據(jù)下文中的提示see及語境推斷，此處應(yīng)當(dāng)選D。24．答案與解析：B考查語境推斷和詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。依據(jù)第一段第一句中的“foraweek”可知，此處應(yīng)當(dāng)選B。25．答案與解析：C考查語境推斷。依據(jù)上文敘述中的“Atbedtime”可知，此處應(yīng)當(dāng)是前往臥房（bedroom），因此選C。26．答案與解析：A考查語境推斷和邏輯推斷。依據(jù)語境可知，女兒說她聽到了有熊在刮窗戶，發(fā)出刺耳的聲音，所以她應(yīng)當(dāng)是擔(dān)憂的，因此選A。27．答案與解析：D考查詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。依據(jù)下文中第29空后的敘述“itwasn'tabear”可知應(yīng)選D。28．答案與解析：B考查常識(shí)推斷和語境推斷。依據(jù)文中敘述和所給的選項(xiàng)可推斷，岳父可能是在一樓看電視時(shí)睡著了，因此選B。29．答案與解析：D考查邏輯推斷。依據(jù)上下文敘述可知，“我”的確發(fā)覺了窗外有東西，但“我”推斷不是女兒所說的熊，因此從邏輯上推斷選D。30．答案與解析：A考查語境推斷。依據(jù)空后的“byastrangesound”可知，“我”被驚奇的聲音吵醒了，因此選A。31．答案與解析：A考查語境推斷。依據(jù)上文敘述可知，“我”的確認(rèn)定窗外有東西。A項(xiàng)為“影子，輪廓”；B項(xiàng)為“人”；C項(xiàng)為“動(dòng)物”；D項(xiàng)為“鬼”。事情發(fā)生在晚上，“我”看到的應(yīng)當(dāng)是影子，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)選A。32．答案與解析：C考查邏輯推斷。依據(jù)上文敘述可推知那個(gè)影子在向“我”緩慢移動(dòng)，inch在此表示“緩慢地移動(dòng)”。33．答案與解析：D考查邏輯推斷。依據(jù)上文敘述可知，這是一場(chǎng)誤會(huì)，空后的awkward也提示“我們”的笑應(yīng)當(dāng)是略顯尷尬和驚慌。A項(xiàng)為“渴望地”；B項(xiàng)為“真誠地”；C項(xiàng)為“隱私地”；D項(xiàng)為“神經(jīng)驚慌地”。因此選D。34．答案與解析：B考查語境推斷。依據(jù)語境可知，是因?yàn)椤拔摇焙团畠赫{(diào)換了房間，才引起了誤會(huì)。B項(xiàng)在此處表示變更、轉(zhuǎn)變之意。35．答案與解析：C考查語境推斷。依據(jù)上文敘述可知，對(duì)于“我”而言，比真正的熊到來更為可怕的是“熊爸爸”來和“我”親吻道晚安。A項(xiàng)為“更美麗的”，B項(xiàng)為“更好玩的”，C項(xiàng)為“更恐怖的”，D項(xiàng)為“更驚奇的”，因此選C。其次節(jié)語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——宏大人物——錢學(xué)森【語篇解讀】本文介紹了中國航天發(fā)展史上的先驅(qū)和奠基人錢學(xué)森的狀況，重點(diǎn)介紹了他從美國返回中國為國效力的事情。36．答案與解析：when考查定語從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)并依據(jù)空前的in1935可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填when。該句意為：錢學(xué)森1911年誕生于中國，在上海交通高校主修鐵道工程，但當(dāng)他在1935年來到美國攻讀碩士學(xué)位時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)向了航空專業(yè)。37．答案與解析：earned考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)該句中的時(shí)間狀語“in1936”可知，該句陳述的是過去發(fā)生