人教版高中英語選擇性必修第二冊UNIT1 Part 3 Using Language,Assessing Your Progress Video Time練習含答案

Part3UsingLanguage,AssessingYourProgress&VideoTime基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.(2020天津)“Smalldoesnotmeanweak,sir,”she(辯解)herself.

2.(2019天津)Ithoughtanything(抽象的)lefttoomuchroomforargument.

3.Theplayer'soperformanceleftadeepimpressiononeveryonepresent.

4.Heisoutgoing.B,heiskind.Healwaysstepsupwheneversomeoneneedshelp.

5.Toadapttotherapideconomicdevelopment,Chinahasputforwardsomenew(觀念)ofdevelopment.

Ⅱ.單句語法填空1.(2024山西跨市聯(lián)考)Thesunwasshining(brilliant),withcloudsdancinginthebluesky.

2.(2023北京)Infact,universitiesoftenshiftemphasisfromteachingotherrankingfactors.

3.Allourpolicemenaretrainedtodefendthemselvesknifeattacks.

4.Theprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakersisshop(assist)andcustomer.

5.Ithasbeenarguedthat(gift)childrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.

6.Inthebeginning,heaskedifIcouldassisthimlearninghowtousechopsticks.

7.I(vivid)rememberwalkingintoaroomandhearingachild'sbeautifulsingingwhenIwasfour.

8.And,assoofteninChinawhensomeonecomesupwithagoodidea,manyothersfloodinandpricewarsbreak.

Ⅲ.一詞多義A.把手B.影響C.訂閱D.傳染E.操縱,使用F.同意1.Gardentoolscanbedangerousifcarelesslyhandled.

2.Youhavetoturnthehandleandthenpullittowardsyou.

3.Isubscribetotheviewthatchildrenbenefitfrombeingindependent.

4.EveryyearIsubscribetosomeEnglishmagazinesformydaughtertoread.

5.Foramoment,Iwasinfectedbyherfearoftheexam.

6.Officialssaythatfewcitizensareinfectedwiththevirusowingtoeffectivepreventionnow.

Ⅳ.完成句子1.一位新經(jīng)理將負責這個部門。(charge;一句多譯)①Anewmanagerwillbethisdepartment.

②Anewmanagerwillthisdepartment.

③Thisdepartmentwillbeanewmanager.

2.她是一位如此善良的老師,我們都尊敬她并認真聽她講課。(一句多譯)①Sheisrespectherandlistentohercarefully.(so...that...)

②Sheisrespectherandlistentohercarefully.(such...that...)能力提升練

Ⅰ.課文語法填空Asweknow,scientistshavemanyexcellentqualities.WecantakeQianXuesenandStephenHawking1example.

QianXuesen,2servedhishomelandwitheffort,achievement,anddevotion,wasawell-respectedman.In1935,hewenttotheUSforfurtherstudyandthenworkedthere.After3(overcome)somedifficulties,hereturnedtoChinain1955,andwasresponsibleformanymajorscientificresearchprojects.4(face)withchallenges,Qiandidn'tfeeldiscouraged.Under5(he)leadership,Chinadevelopeditsownmissiles,rockets,andman-madesatellites6(success).Qianwasknowledgeable.However,whatmadehimanoutstanding7creativescientistwasprobablyhisinterestinotherthingslikemusicanddrawing,whichgavehim8(inspire)inscientificresearch.

StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousand9(gift)scientistsinphysics.Hecamedownwithadiseaseand10(lose)theuseofmostofhismuscles.Hewasbrilliant,brave,anddetermined,andhewaswillingtoadmithisfaults.

2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

Ⅱ.語法填空(2024湖北宜都一中期中)InXiCounty,locatedinLinfen,ShanxiProvince,asmartpearorchard(果園)1(stretch)for33.3hectares(公頃)hasbeendevelopedwiththe2(assist)oftheShanxiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences.

Inthisorchard,everypearisgiven3uniqueQRcodethatenablesmonitoringoftheentiregrowthprocess.“TheQRcodeserves4anIDcard,recordingthelifeofapear,”saidWangYibo,anagricultureofficialfromthecounty.

5(establish)in2020,thesmartorchardisoperatedwiththehelpofcutting-edgetechnologiessuchastheInternet,bigdata,cloudcomputingandtheInternetofThings.Thereare64villagesinthecounty6relyonpearsastheirprimaryindustry,accountingfor80percentofthefarmers'income.

Sofar,thecounty7(build)asmartagricultureintegrationplatformmadeupof12systems,includingwater-fertilizer8(integrate)management,diseaseandinsectmonitoring,andmonitoringandevaluationofthequalityoftheland.

AccordingtoWang,theplatformnotonlyhelpswithsteadyproductionbutalso9(promote)sales,asitstrackingsystemcancollectfirst-handmarketingfeedbackdata.Aboveall,pearfarmerscanlearnaboutthemarketdemandthroughthesystemto10(accurate)identifytheircustomersandcarryouttargetedpromotions.

2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

Ⅲ.閱讀理解(2023浙江杭州期中)Itseemsthatpeoplecannotreallyagreeonthequestionof“What'ssofunny?”Soimaginetryingtoteacharobothowtolaugh.Butthat'sexactlywhatateamofresearchersatKyotoUniversityinJapanaretryingtodesign—anAIrobotthattakesitscuesthroughasharedlaughtersystem.ThescientistsdescribetheirinnovativeapproachtobuildingafunnybonefortheJapaneseandroid“Erica”inthelatestissueofthejournalFrontiersinRoboticsandAI.

“WethinkthatoneoftheimportantfunctionsofconversationalAIisempathy(共鳴),”explainedleadauthorDrKojiInoue,anassistantprofessoratKyotoUniversityintheDepartmentofIntelligenceScienceandTechnologywithintheGraduateSchoolofInformatics.“Onewayarobotcanempathizewithusersistosharetheirlaughter.”Intheshared-laughtermodel,ahumaninitiallylaughsandtheAIsystemrespondswithlaughterasanempatheticresponse.Thisapproachrequiredthescientiststodesignthreesubsystems—onetodetectlaughter,asecondtodecidewhethertolaugh,andathirdtochoosetheappropriatetypeoflaughter.Thetypeoflaughterisalsoimportant,becauseinsomecasesapolitechucklemaybemoreappropriatethanaloudsnortoflaughter.TheteamtestedErica'snewsenseofhumorbycreatingfourdifferentshortdialoguesbetweenapersonandEricawithhernewshared-laughtersystem.Thentheyaskedmorethan130peopleintotaltolistentoeachdialogueinthethreedifferentconditions—theshared-laughtersystem,nolaughter,alllaughter—andevaluatedtheinteractionbasedonhuman-likeness,naturalnessandunderstanding.Theshared-laughtersystemperformedbetterthaneitherbaseline.“Robotsshouldactuallyhaveadistinctcharacter,andwethinkthattheycanshowthisthroughtheirconversationalbehavior,suchaslaughing,eyegazing,gesturingandthespeakingstyle,”Inoueadded.“Wedonotthinkthatthisisaneasyproblematall,anditmaywelltakemorethan10yearsbeforewecanonceandforallhaveacasualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend.”1.What'sthepurposeofraisingthequestion“What'ssofunny?”atthebeginning?A.Toshowopinionsonfunnythings.B.Tostressthedifficultyofteachingarobottolaugh.C.Toencouragereaderstosharetheirideas.D.Toemphasizetheimportanceofbeingfunny.2.Whichofthefollowingexplainstheunderlinedphrase“afunnybone”inParagraph1?A.Asenseofhumor.B.Ashared-laughtersystem.C.Aspeakingstyle.D.Adistinctcharacter.3.WhatisNOTneededintheresearchontheshared-laughtersystem?A.Designingthesubsystemtodecidewhethertolaugh.B.Assessingtheinteractionbasedonemotions.C.CreatingbriefconversationsbetweenahumanandErica.D.Askingpeopletolistentothepreviouslycreateddialogues.4.WhatisInoue'sattitudetowardsconversationalAI?A.Indifferent.B.Suspicious.C.Optimistic.D.Objective.Ⅳ.七選五(2023北京海淀區(qū)月考)Inscience,advancesareadailyoccurrence,buttruebreakthroughsarerare.Whatdoesittaketoachieveworld-changingscientificbreakthroughs?Somearetheresultofaluckyaccident,combinedwithcuriosity.Scientiststravelingdownoneroadsuddenlyfindreasontoswitchtoanotherroad,onetheyhaveneverplannedtotravel—aroadthatmaywellleadnowhere.1Oneday,usuallyinitiallyintheircareer,theygetanideatheycan'tstopthinkingabout.It'scrazy,theysaytothemselves,butisitreallyimpossible?Theytalktorespectedcolleagueswhooftenremindthemofallthereasonsthattheirideasmightnotwork,andhowdamagingthiscouldbetotheircareer.Yet,theideawon'tdieandtheyaredeterminedtotravelthatroad—aroadthatmaywellleadnowhere.2

Whicheverroadscientistswhoachievelifesavingbreakthroughstravel,theyoftenenduredisinterest,likeFleming,whodiscoveredpenicillin(青霉素)duetoluckyaccidentsandcuriosity,orrepeatedskepticismandrejection,likeKarikó,whomadeallmRNAvaccinespossiblewith20yearsofpersistenceandresilience.Bybringingtheirdreamstolife,theywererewardedwithfame,wealthandsomethingevenmorevaluable.3

Ofcourse,theobsession(癡迷)withanunlikelydreamfailstopayoffformanyscientists.4Naturedoesn'tturnouttooperatethewaytheyhavepredictedit.Intheend,theirbeautifultheoryiskilledbybrutalfacts.Forthosedreamersontherighttrack,theywouldhaveachievedtheirdreams—ifonlytheyhaddonetheexperimentalittledifferently,ifonlytheyhadpersistedalittlelonger,orifonlythesupportfortheirworkhadnotrunout.

Ultimately,scientificbreakthroughsarepossibleonlyifasocietyiswillingtoinvestindreamers,recognizingthatnotallinvestmentswillleadtomajorbreakthroughs.5Aboveall,theinvestmentspreventsufferinganddeathandchangetheworld.

A.Somescientistsareaddictedtotheircrazyideas.B.Theirideas,thoughbrilliant,intheendareprovedwrong.C.Buttheyrefusetogiveinandstruggletofindmorefinancialsupport.D.Becauseofthem,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldavoidedgettingsickordeath.E.Othermajorbreakthroughsoriginatefromscientistspursuingaspecificidea.F.ButsometimestheroadleadstomajorbreakthroughslikeX-raysandvaccines.G.However,theinvestmentsleadingtobreakthroughsbringagreatereconomicreturn.1.2.3.4.5.

Ⅴ.讀后續(xù)寫(2024山東萊西一中期中)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Jackwasabrightandcuriouschild,alwayseagertolearnnewthingsandexplorethemysteriousworldaboutscience.However,heoftenfoundhimselfindisagreementwithhismother.Hismotherwasalwaysbusywithherworkandshedidn'thaveenoughtimetolearnabouthisinterestsandpassions.Oneday,Jackcamehomefromschoolfeelingparticularlyexcited.Hejustfoundasci-fibookaboutanadventureonthemoon.Uponarrivingathome,hecouldn'ttearhimselfawayfromthebook.Hereadandreaduntilitwasdark.Havingfinishedreadingit,hecouldn'twaittoshareitwithhismother,onlytobetoldthatheshouldfocusonmorepracticalsubjectslikemathandhistory,whichwouldhelphimgetintoagoodcollegeandhaveasuccessfulcareer.Jackcouldn'tunderstandwhyhismotherdidn'tseethevalueinwhathewasdoing.Hefeltthatshewasholdinghimbackandnotallowinghimtopursuehistrueinterests.“Whycan'tyouseehowimportantthisistome?”Jackaskedhismotherangrily.“I'mnevergoingtobehappyifIhavetospendmylifedoingthingsthatIshownointerestinjustbecausetheyarepracticalormakeyouproud.”Theoncepeacefulhomewasfilledwithtensionandanger.Hismother'svoicegrewlouderassheshouted,“Youcan'tjustdowhateveryouwant!Youshouldberesponsibleforyourfuture!”Jack,fueledbyhisownfrustration,shotback,“Iamtiredofyoualwaystellingmewhattodo!Iamnotachildanymore!Youonlycareaboutyourownfeelings!Youneverthoughtaboutmyfeelings!”Theyweresocaughtupintheirownangerandhurtthattheyfailedtoseehowtheirwordsandactionswereaffectingeachother.注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150個左右。Jackrushedintohisbedroomandlockedthedoorheavily.

WhenJackheardhismother'swords,regretfultearsrolleddownhisface.

答案與分層梯度式解析UNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTSPart3UsingLanguage,AssessingYourProgress&Video基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.1.defended2.abstract3.outstanding4.Besides5.conceptsⅡ.1.brilliantly考查副詞。設(shè)空處修飾謂語wasshining,應用副詞作狀語,故填brilliantly。2.to考查介詞。shift...from...to...表示“將……從……轉(zhuǎn)移到……”。故填to。3.from/against考查介詞。defend...from/against...為固定搭配,表示“保護……免受……的傷害”。故填from或against。4.assistant考查名詞。設(shè)空處與customer是and連接的并列成分,所以設(shè)空處也應用名詞。shopassistant意為“店員,售貨員”。故填assistant。5.gifted考查形容詞。設(shè)空處修飾名詞children,應用形容詞作定語,故填gifted。6.in考查介詞。assistsb.indoingsth.表示“幫助某人做某事”。故填in。7.vividly考查副詞。設(shè)空處修飾動詞remember,應用副詞作狀語,故填vividly。8.out考查副詞。breakout意為“(戰(zhàn)爭、打斗等不愉快的事情)爆發(fā)”,為固定短語。故填out。Ⅲ.1.E句意:園藝工具如果不小心使用會很危險。2.A句意:你必須轉(zhuǎn)動把手,然后把它拉向你。3.F句意:我贊同這樣一種觀點,即孩子們從獨立中受益。4.C句意:我每年都訂閱一些英文雜志給我女兒看。5.B句意:有那么一會兒,我被她對考試的恐懼影響了。6.D句意:官員們表示,由于有效的預防,現(xiàn)在很少有市民感染這種病毒。Ⅳ.1.①inchargeof②takechargeof③inthechargeof2.①sokindateacherthatweall②suchakindteacherthatweall能力提升練Ⅰ.1.for考查介詞。take...forexample表示“以……為例”。故填for。2.who考查定語從句。設(shè)空處無提示詞,且前面有逗號,前面是QianXuesen,“2servedhishomelandwitheffort,achievement,anddevotion”中缺少主語,此處指錢學森以自己的努力、成就和獻身精神為祖國服務,故推測設(shè)空處引導非限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞QianXuesen。故填who。

3.overcoming考查動詞-ing形式。設(shè)空處前的After為介詞,其后應接動詞-ing形式,故填overcoming。4.Faced考查動詞-ed形式。befacedwith...意為“面臨/面對……”,設(shè)空處作狀語,應用動詞-ed形式。故填Faced。5.his考查形容詞性物主代詞。設(shè)空處作定語修飾名詞leadership,應用形容詞性物主代詞。故填his。6.successfully考查副詞。設(shè)空處作狀語,修飾謂語動詞developed,應用副詞。故填successfully。7.and考查并列連詞。設(shè)空處連接兩個并列的形容詞outstanding和creative,結(jié)合語境可知此處應用and。8.inspiration考查名詞。設(shè)空處作gave的直接賓語,應用名詞。故填inspiration。9.gifted考查形容詞。設(shè)空處作定語,修飾其后的名詞scientists,應用形容詞。故填gifted。10.lost考查動詞的時態(tài)。該句中and連接兩個并列的謂語動詞,由and前面的came可知此處也應用一般過去時。故填lost。Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了位于山西省臨汾市隰縣的一個智能梨園。1.stretching考查動詞-ing形式。句中已有謂語動詞且無連詞,提示詞stretch與空前的名詞短語pearorchard之間為主動關(guān)系,因此應用動詞-ing形式作定語。故填stretching。2.assistance考查名詞。withtheassistanceof...意為“在……的幫助下”,為固定搭配。故填assistance。3.a考查冠詞。設(shè)空處修飾后面的名詞短語QRcode,表示泛指,code在這里為可數(shù)名詞且空后的unique的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭。故填a。4.as考查介詞。serveas意為“充當……”,為固定搭配。故填as。5.Established考查動詞-ed形式。句中已有謂語動詞且無連詞,提示詞與其邏輯主語thesmartorchard之間為被動關(guān)系,因此應用動詞-ed形式作狀語。故填Established。6.that/which考查關(guān)系詞。設(shè)空處引導定語從句且在從句中充當主語,先行詞villages指物,應用that或which引導定語從句。7.hasbuilt考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子成分可知,設(shè)空處為句子的謂語;根據(jù)語境和句中的時間狀語Sofar可知,應用現(xiàn)在完成時;且主語thecounty為單數(shù)意義,謂語應用單數(shù)。故填hasegrated考查形容詞。設(shè)空處作定語,修飾名詞management,應用形容詞。故填motes考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子成分可知,設(shè)空處和前面的helps是由notonly...butalso...連接的并列謂語動詞,因此設(shè)空處也應用一般現(xiàn)在時,且用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填promotes。10.accurately考查副詞。設(shè)空處作狀語,修飾動詞identify,應用副詞。故填accurately?！靖哳l詞匯】1.uniqueadj.唯一的2.monitorv.監(jiān)測3.relyon依賴;依靠4.primaryadj.主要的;基本的5.evaluationn.評價6.carryout進行;實行【差距詞匯】cutting-edgeadj.尖端的Ⅲ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了日本京都大學的研究人員設(shè)計了一個帶有共享笑聲系統(tǒng)的人工智能機器人,它可以對人類的笑聲作出適當?shù)姆磻?在對話中建立共鳴。1.B推理判斷題。第一段前兩句談到好像人們不能在“什么事這么好笑?”這個問題上取得一致意見。所以想象一下試圖教機器人笑。后文介紹了教機器人笑的原因以及研究人員為此所做的很多工作。最后一段最后一句“Wedonotthinkthatthisisaneasyproblematall...”說明了教機器人笑的難度。由此可知,在一開始就提出“什么事這么好笑?”這個問題的目的是強調(diào)教機器人笑的難度大。故選B。2.A詞義猜測題。畫線短語所在句意為“科學家在FrontiersinRoboticsandAI期刊最新的一期上描述了他們?yōu)槿毡緳C器人‘Erica’創(chuàng)建afunnybone的創(chuàng)新方法”。結(jié)合第四段第一句“TheteamtestedErica'snewsenseofhumorbycreating...”可知,畫線短語afunnybone有“幽默感”之意。故選A。B項意為“一個共享笑聲系統(tǒng)”;C項意為“一種說話風格”;D項意為“一種鮮明的性格”。3.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Thisapproachrequiredthescientiststodesignthreesubsystems—onetodetectlaughter,asecondtodecidewhethertolaugh...”可排除A項;根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知,研究小組用Erica新的共享笑聲系統(tǒng),在一個人和Erica之間創(chuàng)建了四段不同的簡短對話,以此來測試Erica的新幽默感。然后,他們讓130多人在三種不同的條件下(共享笑聲系統(tǒng)、無笑聲、全笑聲)聽每段對話,并根據(jù)與人的相似度、自然度和理解力來評估這些交流。由此可排除C、D兩項。故選B。4.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Inoue的話“Robotsshouldactuallyhaveadistinctcharacter...anditmaywelltakemorethan10yearsbeforewecanonceandforallhaveacasualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend.”可知,Inoue實事求是地分析了機器人的研究和發(fā)展趨勢,由此推斷,Inoue對對話式人工智能的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選D。【高頻詞匯】1.designv.設(shè)計n.設(shè)計方案2.approachn.方法v.接近3.functionn.功能v.起作用4.respondv.回應responsen.反應5.evaluatev.評價6.performv.運轉(zhuǎn);表現(xiàn)【熟詞生義】issuen.一期;期號【差距詞匯】1.chucklen.輕聲笑2.snortn.(表示氣憤或被逗樂的)噴鼻息,哼3.maywell很可能長難句原句Wedonotthinkthatthisisaneasyproblematall,anditmaywelltakemorethan10yearsbeforewecanonceandforallhaveacasualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend.分析本句為并列復合句,句中的第一個and連接前后兩個并列分句。第一個分句中,think后是由that引導的賓語從句。第二個分句中,連詞before引導時間狀語從句;like用作連詞,引導方式狀語從句,從句中would后省略了haveacasualchat。譯文我們認為這完全不是一個簡單的問題,很可能需要十年以上的時間我們才能最終像與朋友隨意聊天一樣與機器人隨意聊天。Ⅳ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。在科學領(lǐng)域,很多突破源于幸運的意外,有時源于科學家的不斷追求和不放棄,作者認識到,只有當社會愿意投資于這些夢想家并且認識到并非所有的投資都會帶來重大突破時,才有可能獲得改變世界的科學突破。1.E主旨句。第一段第二、三句談到“怎樣才能獲得改變世界的科學突破呢?有些是幸運的意外加上好奇心的結(jié)果”。E項“其他重大突破源于科學家對特定想法的追求”與上一段形成照應,構(gòu)成“some...other...”結(jié)構(gòu),且空格處后面的內(nèi)容展開闡釋了空格處的內(nèi)容,所以E項符合語境。故選E。2.F細節(jié)句?？崭裉幥耙痪湟鉃椤暗?這個想法不會消亡,他們決心走那條路——一條很可能一無所獲的路”。由本段主題句(第1空)可知,本段主要講科學家對特定想法的追求可能會取得改變世界的科學突破,所以在講完科學家對特定想法的追求可能產(chǎn)生的不良結(jié)果后,還需說明可能產(chǎn)生的有價值的結(jié)果(這是重點),F項“但有時這條路會帶來重大突破,如X光和疫苗”與上句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,與前面的“一無所獲”的結(jié)果相反,符合語境。故選F。3.D細節(jié)句。上文介紹了弗萊明發(fā)現(xiàn)青霉素,考里科使所有mRNA疫苗成為可能,通過實現(xiàn)自己的夢想,這些科學家獲得了名利和更寶貴的東西。D項“正因為他們,全世界數(shù)百萬人避免了生病或死亡”符合本段語境。故選D。4.B細節(jié)句?？涨熬湔劦綄υS多科學家來說,癡迷于一個不太可能的夢并沒有得到回報,結(jié)合空后兩句“事實證明,大自然并不像他們預測的那樣運作。最終,他們美麗的理論被殘酷的事實扼殺”可推知,B項“他們的想法雖然很棒,但最終被證明是錯誤的”與上下文關(guān)系密切,符合語境。故選B。5.G細節(jié)句。設(shè)空處與前后文構(gòu)成的語意結(jié)構(gòu)為:歸根結(jié)底,只有一個社會愿意投資于夢想家,認識到并非所有的投資都會帶來重大突破,科學突破才有可能實現(xiàn)→5→最重要的是,投資可以防止痛苦和死亡,并改變世界。G項“然而,導致突破的投資會帶來更大的經(jīng)濟回報”與上文的“并非所有的投資都會帶來重大突破”形成轉(zhuǎn)折,同時,與下文形成遞進關(guān)系,符合語境。故選G。

【高頻詞匯】1.advancen.進步v.前進2.breakthroughn.重大進展;突破3.rareadj.稀少的;珍貴的4.combinev.(使)結(jié)合,混合5.switchv.(使)改變;轉(zhuǎn)換n.開關(guān);轉(zhuǎn)換器;改變6.remindv.提醒;使想起7.determinedadj.有決心的;意志堅定的8.predictv.預測;預料【差距詞匯】1.endurev.忍耐2.resiliencen.適應力3.brutaladj.冷酷的,殘暴的4.beontherighttrack思路正確長難句原句Whicheverroadscientistswhoachievelifesavingbreakthr