高中情態(tài)動詞詳解

情態(tài)動詞高三十四十五班第一輪復習材料e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6ECancoulde7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6EPART.01表示能力e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E1.表示能力Someofuscanusethecomputer,butwecouldn’t10yearsago.e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6Ecould為can的過去式，表示過去的能力。要表示將來具備的能力通常beableto的將來時態(tài)。其中要注意的是，could表示過去的能力，通常只用于表示過去一般性能力，而不表示過去具體某次特定情形下能夠做某事的能力。如：他學習很努力，所以考試能及格。誤：Hestudiedhardandcouldpasstheexam.

正：Hestudiedhardandwasabletopasstheexam.1.表示能力e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E注：若在否定句中沒有以上限制，即couldn’t可表示過去特定情況下的能力，如可說：

Hestudiedhardbutstillcouldn’tpasstheexam.PART.02表示允許和許可。e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E2.表示允許和許可e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6ECould和can沒有時間上的差別，用could比用can語氣上委婉，could一般用于疑問句中，肯定回答時要改用can。Youcanparkyourcarhere.——CanIuseyourpen？

——Yes,youcan.——No,youcan’t.——CouldIcomehereagaintomorrow？——Yes,youcan.(No,I’mafraidnot.)2.表示允許和許可e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E若是自己允許別人做某事，一般只用can，而不用could。如：WhenIlivedathome,IcouldwatchTVwheneverIwantedto.表示過去的允許時，若表示過去一般性允許（即表示某人隨時都可以做某事），用could；若表示在過去某一特定情況下允許進行某一特定的活動，則不用could。Iwasallowedtoseethefilmyesterdayevening.昨天晚上允許我去看了電影。（特定的允許，不能用could)PART.03can表示客觀的邏輯上的可能性e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6Ecan表示客觀的邏輯上的可能性，e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E意為“可能會”，多用于肯定句。Anyonecanmakemistakes.Takingaplanecanbedangerous.Childrencanbenoisysometimes.Itcanbeveryhotinourcity.PART.04構成的短語和特殊句式e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E⑴cannot/can’t/……too/enoughe7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E表示“無論怎樣……都不過分，越…越好”，有時cannot,can’t可用cannever代替。Wecan’tthankyoutoomuchforwhatyou’vedoneforus.Youcannotbetoocarefultocrosstheroad. Youcannotbecarefulenoughtocrosstheroad.Youcanneverdotheworktoowell.⑵can’thelpdoingsth.e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6EWhenItrytospeak,Ican’thelpmakingmistakes.Ican’thelp(to)carrythebox.can’thelpdoingsth.禁不住，

can’thelp(to)do不能幫忙做某事⑶can’thelpe7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6Ecan’thelpbutdocannot/couldnotbutdocan’tchoosebutdocandonothingbutdo不得不如：Ican’thelpbutadmireyourcourage.Icouldnotbutadmireher.⑷can’thelpite7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6EIalwaysenduphavinganargumentwithher.Idon’tknowwhy,butIcan’thelpit.Icouldn’thelpitifthebuswaslate.無計可施，忍不住。⑸as…as+主語

+can/coulde7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6EPleasecomehereasearlyasyoucan.盡可能

=as…aspossible⑹cannot,couldnot與比較級連用e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6EItcouldn’tbebetter.表示最高級的意思。Shecouldn’tchooseabettergiftforme.⑺表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6ECanthisbetrue?這可能是真的嗎？（主要用在否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中）Howcanyoubesocareless!你怎么能這么粗心！PART.05表示推測：e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E表示推測：e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6EHecan’t/couldn’thavefinishedsomuchworkinsoshortatime.即具體的事情實際發(fā)生的可能性can和

could一般用于否定句和疑問句（could有時會在肯定句中出現(xiàn)），could只表示可能性比can小，不表示時態(tài)。Youcan’tbeserious.Couldhehavefinishedthetask?他可能把任務完成了嗎？Canhebeathomenow?他現(xiàn)在能在家嗎？表示推測：e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E如：Can[Could]thisbetrue?這能是真的嗎對過去的推測，應在

can,could之后接動詞的完成式，且此時can仍只用于否定句或疑問句，不用于肯定句；而could則可用于各種句型。Wherecan[could]hehavegone?他能到哪里去了呢Shecan’t[couldn’t]haveleftsosoon.她不可能走得這么早。Hecouldhavegonehome. 他可能已回家了。PART.06與完成時態(tài)連用e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E與完成時態(tài)連用e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6Ecould后接動詞的完成式，除表示對過去的推測外，還可表示過去沒有實現(xiàn)的可能性，或委婉地責備某人過去應該做某事而沒有去做（虛擬語氣）。couldhavedone表示“過去有能力做某事，但沒有做”；couldn’thavedone表示“過去本不可能做某事，但卻做了”。與完成時態(tài)連用e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E如：Youcouldhavestartedalittleearlier.你本可早點動身的。Youneedn’thavecookedit.Wecouldhaveeatenitraw.

你其實可以不煮熟（它），我們（本來）可以生吃。maymighte7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6EPART.01表示請求和許可。e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E1.表示請求和許可e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E請求用might語氣更委婉。否定回答時（口語中常用）no,youcan't./yes,please用mustn't表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意（具有強烈禁止的意思）如：Youmaydrivethecar.你可以開這輛車?！狹ightIuseyourpen?—No,youmustn't.

—我可以用你的鋼筆嗎？—不，絕對不行。允許時用may，表示“可以”（表示允許時不用might）。類似與can和could的用法。1.表示請求和許可e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E用MayI...征詢對方許可在文體上比較正式，在口氣上比較客氣。在日?？谡Z中，用CanI...征詢對方意見在現(xiàn)代口語中更為常見。PART.02用于祈使句中表示祝愿e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E2．用于祈使句中表示祝愿e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E(倒裝句式).Myallyourdreamscometrue.Mayyoubehappyeveryday!PART.03用于目的狀語從句中e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E3.用于目的狀語從句中e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E(倒裝句式).Myallyourdreamscometrue.Mayyoubehappyeveryday!PART.04用于讓步狀語從句中e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E4.用于讓步狀語從句中e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E(倒裝句式).Myallyourdreamscometrue.Mayyoubehappyeveryday!PART.05

maymight的其它應用e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E5.其它用法：e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E⑴maywell意為：“很可能…”（相當于：beverylikelytodo）.

Youmaywellgetconfused.Herappearancehaschangedsomuchthatyoumaywellnotrecognizeher.5.其它用法：e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E⑵may/might(just)aswelldo意為：還是……的好，最好……Wemayaswellstaywhereweare.PART.06表示推測：e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E表示推測e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E可能（用于肯定句，否定句；疑問句不能用于此意，一般表推測時疑問句中用can）might不表時態(tài)，只表可能性比may小。Hemaynothavefinishedthework. Hemayknowmyphonenumber.Hemightcometomorrow,butIamnotquitesure.Hemightn’thaveheardyouwhenyougreetedher.PART.07與完成時態(tài)連用e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E與完成時態(tài)連用e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E“may(might)+have+過去分詞”表示對過去發(fā)生的行為的推測。Mayhavedone/maynothavedone或許已經做過了某事/沒做過某事

（仍然一般不用于疑問句。）Mighthavedone/mightnothavedone1.過去也許做了，過去也許沒做，比maynothavedone語氣更加不確定，表推測；

2.Mighthavedone過去本可能做，表虛擬。與完成時態(tài)連用e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6EIt’stoolate.Ithinkhemayhavegonetobed.推測Hemaynothavefinishedthework.Hemighthavemissedthetrain.推測。ButIthinkyoumighthavetoldushalfanhourago.但是我認為，你本來可能在半小時前告訴我們。虛擬Theymightnothaveregardedmeastheirfriend.推測.might的否定與完成時搭配也不表虛擬。musthaveto的用法e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6EPART.01表示必須、必要e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E1．表示必須、必要e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6Emust表示主觀多一些，多指現(xiàn)在或將來的情況，指說話人的主觀語氣；而haveto則表示客觀多一些YoumustfinishtheprojectbyFriday.mustn't意思為“不許、不準”，表示禁止。（含有絕對禁止的含義）。Youmustcomeintime.Childrenmustnotplaywithfire.Youmustn‘tplayfootballinthestreet.Youmustnotparkhere!It’sanemergencyexit.1．表示必須、必要e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6EIhavetogiveupsmoking.(可能是由于身體或其它原因等不得不戒煙）Imustgiveupsmoking.(自己覺得有必要戒煙）1．表示必須、必要e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E—Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?—Yes,youmust.(No,youdon’thaveto./no,youneedn’t.)回答must引出的問句時，如果是否定的回答，不能用mustn't，而要用needn't或don'thaveto。PART.02表示“偏偏，非得要”e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E2.表示“偏偏，非得要”e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E(表示一種與說話人愿望相反、不耐煩的感情色彩).Mustyouwastesomuchtime?你非得浪費這么多時間么？WhymustitrainonSunday?Ifyoumustsmoke,pleasegooutsidetheroom.PART.03表示強調e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E3.表示強調e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E此時常用語口語中，表示說話者堅定的態(tài)度。注意與1.的區(qū)別。Imustsay,youarelookingextremelywell.Imustadmit,Ihavebeenlookingforwardtoit.PART.04表示推測：e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E表示推測、可能e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E（疑問句不能用于此意）。表示推測，此時意為“一定是，準是”，常指有根據的，比較有把握的推測。這種用法只能用于肯定句。在否定句/疑問句中用can/could.Thelightison,sohemustbeathome. Lookatthenewcar,hemustearnalotofmoney.Sincenobodygavehimanyhelp,hemusthavedonetheresearchonhisown.表示推測、可能e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E“mustbe+表語”的結構表示推測，它的否定或疑問式用can代替must。Thismustbeyourpen.這一定是你的鋼筆。YoumustbeCarol,youhaven’tchangeabitafteralltheseyears.PART.05與完成時態(tài)連用e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E與完成時態(tài)連用e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E“must+have+過去分詞”的結構常用在肯定句中，它的否定或疑問式用can代替must。表示對過去發(fā)生的行為的推測，意為：過去想必/一定/準是做了某事(一般不表示虛擬)。HemusthavebeentoShanghai.他一定去過上海。Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadisquitemuddy.與完成時態(tài)連用e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E“must+have+過去分詞”的結構常用在肯定句中，它的否定或疑問式用can代替must。表示對過去發(fā)生的行為的推測，意為：過去想必/一定/準是做了某事(一般不表示虛擬)。HemusthavebeentoShanghai.他一定去過上海。Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadisquitemuddy.PART.06Must與have

toe7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E6．must與haveto幾點不同e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6Ehaveto的含義與must相似，兩者往往可以互換使用，但haveto有各種形式，隨have的變化而定。must與haveto有下列幾點不同：6．must與haveto幾點不同e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E(1)must表示的是說話人的主觀看法，而haveto則往往強調客觀需要。英國英語中常用havegotto如：Theplayisnotinteresting.Ireallymustgonow. 這部劇沒意思。我真的必須現(xiàn)在就走。IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage. 當我像你這么大時，我不得不工作。Ihave(got)tobeoffnow.Mymomiswaitingforme.Thelittleboyhastodolotsofhousework,forhisparentshavebeensufferingfromillness.6．must與haveto幾點不同e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6Emust一般只有一種形式。have則有更多的人稱、數和時態(tài)變化形式（如hasto,hadto,willhaveto）。Must的否定形式為mustn’t,而

haveto的否定形式要借助助動詞do的某種形式（如：don’thaveto,doesn’thaveto,didn’thaveto）。Mycousinhastopracticeviolineverynight. Ishallhavetogotherenextweek.我下星期必須去那兒。shall和shoulde7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6Eshall（shan’t）的用法：shallshould（一）shall的用法e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E&PART.01表征求意見e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E1.表征求意見e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF6844AC8D7BC66D84E1A375D7292B4D3C92710E9760418CBD08A66F9A20065CD769C6E57D7D5753DF6E（“好不好？”）用在第一、三人稱。Shall用于第一人稱，表示征求對方的意愿（主動幫助對方，或提出建議。）或向對方請示。ShallIturnontheTVforyou?Yes,thanksalot.Youaresoconsiderate.）。Shallwebeginourlesson?Whenshallhebeabletoleavethehospital?Henryiswaitingoutside.Shallhecomein,sir?Shallthereporterswaitoutsideorwhat?PART.02命令、警告、允諾或威脅e7d195523061f1c066b244f4f0640bbcf3715a5d8e4c1f9c0CC89F802DB1C6DCEED83B96BD2FE003EF101F1D2A7FDAC955EBEE173D2520FDFAE65A13FA12EC6F1609809A21EAC5BB0195E08AA6A710E6248429B268CDE7E0F88F10A96895837156FB42290AC6FF