（教研室）江蘇省淮安市淮安區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題 （解析版）

2023-2024學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期中學(xué)業(yè)水平測(cè)試試題高二英語(本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘)注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Excited.B.Worried.C.Tired.2.WhatdidthemanprobablydoonSaturdayevening?A.HewatchedTV.B.Hedidsomeexercise.C.Heplayedvideogames.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacafé.B.Inabank.C.Inanoffice.4.Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Toborrowabook.B.Toaskaboutthehomework.C.Totellhimaboutastory.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Asong.B.Aplace.C.Asport.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6Whatcanthewomanhaveforfree?A.Coffee.B.Soup.C.Dessert.7.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Payforhermeal.B.Drinksomewater.C.Readthemenu.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whichplacedidthewoman’sdadlike?A.Themarket.B.Themuseum.C.Thesportscentre.9.Whatdidthewomanandhersisterdointhecity?A.Theyvisitedtheskatepark.B.Theywentswimming.C.Theywatchedafilm.10.Whatdidthewoman’sgrandpathinkofthefood?A.Itwastasteless.B.Itwasexpensive.C.Itwassatisfying.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Workmates.C.Strangers.12.Whatisthewomaninterestedindoing?A.Joiningaparkcleanup.B.Helpingoutatasoupkitchen.C.Volunteeringatananimalshelter.13.Whywillthewomanspeaktoherbrother?A.Tomakeaninvitation.B.Toexpressthanks.C.Toaskforadvice.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatwasthemanbeforetheyear2020?A.Ateacher.B.Areporter.C.Amanager.15.Whatdoesthemanusuallydofirstinthemorning?A.Hedoessomereading.B.Hegoesrunning.C.Heenjoysmusic.16.Howlongdoesittakethemantocompletelyfinishanovel?A.Aboutsixmonths.B.Abouteightmonths.C.Aboutayear.17.Whatdoesthemanoftendoafterfinishinganovel?A.Hetakesarestathome.B.Hegoesonatriponhisown.C.Hestartswritingsomethingelse.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhendidJoannasellherfirstpainting?A.Atage25.B.Atage35.C.Atage45.19.WhatdidJoannastudyatuniversity?AGeography.B.History.C.Art.20.WhatdidJoannadraw?AHorses.B.Trees.C.Mountains.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AGreatLibrariesforKidsinLosAngelesBuenaVistaBranchLibraryPhone:818-238-5600Hours:Mondays-Thursdays:10am-9pmFridays&Saturdays:10am-6pmSundays:1pm-5pmThechildren’sroomatthelibraryhostsbabyandtoddler(學(xué)步的幼兒)storytimesand—excitingly—a“sensorystorytime”designedespeciallyforchildrenwithspecialneeds.Plus,theircomputershaveeducationalcomputergames,agreattoolforkidswhoneedhelpwithlearning.LosAngelesCentralLibraryPhone:213-228-7000Hours:Mondays-Thursdays:10am-8pmFridays&Saturdays:9:30am-5:30pmSundays:1pm-5pmThisLAlandmarkisamust-visitforanylocal,especiallythosewhohavekids.Thelibraryoffersoutstandingfeatures,suchasanewtheater,murals(壁畫)showingCalifornia’shistory,regularcraft(手工藝)andstorytimes,andaSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)classforkids.BeverlyHillsPublicLibraryPhone:310-285-1000Hours:Mondays-Thursdays:9:30am-9:30pmFridays&Saturdays:10am-6pmSundays:12pm-6pmWitharedesignedchildren’sareathattheysomehowkeepwhite,theBeverlyHillsPublicLibrarywelcomeschildrentoregularstorytimesandspecialevents.Alsoattachedtothelibrary—acoffeeandfudge(軟糖)shop!PicoRiveraLibraryPhone:562-942-7394Hours:Mondays&Sundays:ClosedTuesdays&Wednesdays:12pm-8pmThursdays-Saturdays:10am-6pmBesidestheusualbooksandstorytimes,thelibrary’sfreeeventsforkidsincludegreatoptionsforallages.Funeventscurrentlyhappeningincludeateencomicbookclub,aparent-childworkshop,andanancientEgyptianartactivity.1.InwhichlibrarycanoneenjoywallpaintingsaboutCalifornia’shistory?A.BuenaVistaBranchLibrary. B.LosAngelesCentralLibrary.C.BeverlyHillsPublicLibrary. D.PicoRiveraLibrary.2.Whichnumbershouldonecallifhiskidwantstojoinateencomicbookclub?A.818-238-5600. B.213-228-7000.C.310-285-1000. D.562-942-7394.3.Whatdothefourlibrarieshaveincommon?A.Theyhavecoffeebars.B.Theyofferstorytimes.C.TheyareclosedonSundays.D.Theyarefordisabledchildren.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了洛杉磯為孩子們提供的四個(gè)很棒的圖書館，包括它們的聯(lián)系電話、開放時(shí)間以及各自的特色活動(dòng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“LosAngelesCentralLibrary”部分中的“Thelibraryoffersoutstandingfeatures,suchasanewtheater,murals(壁畫)showingCalifornia’shistory(圖書館提供了出色的特色，比如一個(gè)新的劇院，展示加利福尼亞歷史的壁畫)”可知，在洛杉磯中央圖書館可以欣賞到關(guān)于加利福尼亞歷史的壁畫。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“PicoRiveraLibrary”部分中的“Phone:562-942-7394”以及“Funeventscurrentlyhappeningincludeateencomicbookclub(目前正在進(jìn)行的有趣活動(dòng)包括一個(gè)青少年漫畫俱樂部)”可知，如果孩子想加入青少年漫畫俱樂部，應(yīng)該撥打562-942-7394。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。“BuenaVistaBranchLibrary”提到了“storytimes(故事時(shí)間)”；“LosAngelesCentralLibrary”提到了“regularcraft(手工藝)andstorytimes(定期手工藝以及故事時(shí)間)”；“BeverlyHillsPublicLibrary”提到了“regularstorytimes(定期故事時(shí)間)”；“PicoRiveraLibrary”提到了“Besidestheusualbooksandstorytimes(除了通常的書籍和故事時(shí)間)”。由此可知，這四個(gè)圖書館的共同之處是都提供故事時(shí)間。故選B項(xiàng)。B20-year-oldEdgarMcGregordecidedtovisithislocalpark,EatonCanyon,dayinanddayouttopickupasmuchlitterashecouldfitintwobuckets(提桶).Now,over589daysand19,000Twitterfollowerslater,heismorepassionate(熱愛的)thaneverabouthistasktosavetheplanet!EdgarfoundoutthatLosAngeleswouldbethehostofthe2028SummerOlympicGames.Knowingthestateofthenationalforestatthetime,hefearedthatitsgroundsthatwerefulloflitterwouldmakethecitya“globalembarrassment,”sohedecidedtomakecleaningituphisnewpassionproject.Astimewenton,hebegandocumentinghisprogressonTwitter.Soon,hebeganencouragingotherstostartparkcleanupprojectsoftheirown.AspartofsouthernCalifornia’sAngelesNationalForest,EatonCanyoncanseequiteabitofdailyfoottraffic.Ononeparticularlybusyday,Edgarspentfivehourspickinguplitterandcameawaywithover1,000poundsofrubbish.Rainorshine,Edgarheadedovertocarryouthistask.Heworkedthroughconditionslikesnowstorms,arecordheatwave,andevenaforestfireontheoppositesideofthepark.Themorehedid,themoretreasureshediscovered.InadditiontoalotofoldiPhonesandcans,Edgarcollectedenoughrecyclablestoearnaround30dollarseveryfewweeks,whichhewoulddonatetononprofits.Recently,Edgarbegannoticingthatthetop-litteredareasinhisparkwerebecomingfewandfarbetween.Atonepoint,hespentfourhoursmovingaroundtheparkandonlyreturnedwithtwobuckets.EdgarplanstoreturntoEatonCanyontwoorthreetimesaweektokeepupwiththemaintenance,butheisexcitedtostartexpandinghisreachtonewlocations.Thoughherealizesthisdoesn’tmeanhisjourneyiscomplete,heisexcitedtohavealreadyachievedsomuch!4.Whyisthe2028SummerOlympicGamesmentioned?A.TodescribewhatmadeEdgarfamous.B.ToexplainwhyEdgarlovedLosAngeles.C.TointroducewhatinspiredEdgartostarthisproject.D.TodiscusswhyEdgarstartedexploringthenationalforest.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeEdgar?A.Determinedandcaring.B.Creativeandinfluential.C.Talentedandproductive.D.Adventurousandsociable.6.WhatisEdgar’snextplan?A.Encouragingotherstojoininhiscleanup.B.MakingajourneytocleanEatonCanyon.C.Cleaningupotherpartsofthenationalforest.D.Returningtotheparkshehasalreadycleaned.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Aherofortheenvironment. B.Awayofdealingwithlitter.C.Alocaldevelopmentproject. D.Ahugepersonalachievement.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，講述了20歲的EdgarMcGregor如何受到洛杉磯將舉辦2028年夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的啟發(fā)，開始了他的公園清理項(xiàng)目，并通過社交媒體Twitter記錄和鼓勵(lì)更多人參與，最終對(duì)環(huán)境做出了積極的貢獻(xiàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“EdgarfoundoutthatLosAngeleswouldbethehostofthe2028SummerOlympicGames.Knowingthestateofthenationalforestatthetime,hefearedthatitsgroundsthatwerefulloflitterwouldmakethecitya'globalembarrassment,'sohedecidedtomakecleaningituphisnewpassionproject(Edgar發(fā)現(xiàn)洛杉磯將是2028年夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的主辦城市?？紤]到當(dāng)時(shí)國家森林的狀況，他擔(dān)心滿是垃圾的地面會(huì)讓這座城市成為“全球的尷尬”，所以他決定把清理垃圾作為自己的新愛好項(xiàng)目)”可知，提到2028年夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)是為了介紹激發(fā)Edgar開始他的項(xiàng)目的原因。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第四段“Rainorshine,Edgarheadedovertocarryouthistask.Heworkedthroughconditionslikesnowstorms,arecordheatwave,andevenaforestfireontheoppositesideofthepark.(無論晴雨，Edgar都會(huì)去執(zhí)行他的任務(wù)。他在暴風(fēng)雪、創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的熱浪，甚至是公園另一側(cè)的森林大火等條件下工作)”以及第五段第一句“Themorehedid,themoretreasureshediscovered.InadditiontoalotofoldiPhonesandcans,Edgarcollectedenoughrecyclablestoearnaround30dollarseveryfewweeks,whichhewoulddonatetononprofits(他做的越多，發(fā)現(xiàn)的寶藏就越多。除了很多舊iPhone和罐頭，Edgar還收集了足夠的可回收物品，每幾周就能賺30美元左右，他會(huì)捐給非營利組織)”可知，Edgar不管什么天氣都堅(jiān)持撿垃圾，并且會(huì)把通過撿垃圾賺到的錢捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，可以推理出Edgar是一個(gè)有決心的、關(guān)心他人的人。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“EdgarplanstoreturntoEatonCanyontwoorthreetimesaweektokeepupwiththemaintenance,butheisexcitedtostartexpandinghisreachtonewlocations(埃德加計(jì)劃每周回EatonCanyon兩到三次以保持維護(hù)，但他也很興奮地開始將他的影響力擴(kuò)展到新的地點(diǎn))”可知，埃德加的下一步計(jì)劃是清理國家森林的其他部分。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)原文第一段“20-year-oldEdgarMcGregordecidedtovisithislocalpark,EatonCanyon,dayinanddayouttopickupasmuchlitterashecouldfitintwobuckets.Now,over589daysand19,000Twitterfollowerslater,heismorepassionatethaneverabouthistasktosavetheplanet!(20歲的EdgarMcGregor決定每天去當(dāng)?shù)氐腅atonCanyon公園撿盡可能多的垃圾，能裝滿兩個(gè)提桶。如今，589天過去了，Twitter上有了19000名粉絲，他對(duì)拯救地球的任務(wù)比以往任何時(shí)候都更有熱情)”可知，這篇文章主要介紹了一個(gè)環(huán)保英雄的故事。故選A項(xiàng)。CI’veboughtmanythingswithoutthinkingtoomuchinmylife,butthefirstonethatIfounduneasywasapairofNikeVaporMaxshoes.ItwasinJuly2018,andIwasmindlesslytappingthroughInstagramupdateswhilewaitingforfriends.That’swhereIsawtheadvertisementfortheshoes.Theordertookmaybe15seconds.AlmostassoonasI’dpaid,Iquicklyshookofftheexcitementthathadbrieflyovertakenme,$190poorerbutwithonepairofshoesontheirwaytomyapartment.Ihadcompletedsomeversionoftheonlinecheckoutprocessamilliontimesbefore,butnevercouldIrememberitbeingquitesothoughtless.Thatexperiencewasn’ttheresultofanyjust-to-the-markettechnology.Instead,ahandfulofsmallchangestoonlineshoppinghadgrownintosomethingmeaningful:Advertiserswerecollectingstoresofpersonalinformationwithwhichtotargettheiradvertising.Retailers(零售商)wereofferingfreeshippingandfreereturnsoneverything—buynow,decidelater.ThewidespreaduseofonlinepaymentshortcutssuchasApplePaywasmakingitunnecessarytocreateanewaccount.“Buynow,paylater”serviceswerebeginningtoappearatmoreretailerstosoftentheblowofspending.Intheconsumersystem,frictionreferstoanythingthatslowsdownapotentialbuyeronthepathtowardcompletingabuyingjourney.About70percentofonlineshoppingcarts(購物車)areleftunfinishedwithoutasale,whichsuggeststhatpotentialbuyerscaneasilyderailtheirplanstobuy.Sometimes,therealizationthatyou’llneedtogetupandgetyourwalletisenoughtopreventyoufromendingupwithanewT-shirt.Whenbuyingsomethingfeelslikemakingarealchoice,youhavemoreopportunitiestoslowdownandconsiderwhetheritmightbethewrongone.Evenwiththesmoothestshoppingexperience,there’sstilltheriskofwaste,offutureinconvenience,ofmoneylostinthefineprint.Frictionlessshoppingmightbeconvenient,inasense,butit’sabadsystemformakinggooddecisions.8.WhathappenedaftertheauthorpaidforthepairofNikeshoes?A.Hefeltabitregretful.B.Hedecidedtoliveahealthylife.C.Hebecameverypickyaboutshoes.DHesharedhisexcitementwithhisfriends.9.Whataspectofonlineshoppingismainlystressedinparagraph3?A.Itsvariety. B.Itsconvenience.C.Itspersonalization. D.Itscompetitivepricing.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“derail”inparagraph4mean?A.Make. B.Show. C.Discuss. D.Stop.11.Whatadvicedoestheauthorprobablygiveinthelastparagraph?A.Shoponlinetosavetime. B.Onlyshoponlineforfutureuse.C.Savemoneybyshoppingonline. D.Thinktwicebeforeshoppingonline.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文，作者通過自己購買耐克鞋的經(jīng)歷，探討了無摩擦購物的現(xiàn)象及影響。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“AlmostassoonasI’dpaid,Iquicklyshookofftheexcitementthathadbrieflyovertakenme,$190poorerbutwithonepairofshoesontheirwaytomyapartment.(幾乎就在我付款之后，我迅速擺脫了短暫占據(jù)我心頭的興奮感，雖然少了190美元，但有一雙鞋正在寄往我的公寓。)”可知，作者在付款后感到有些后悔。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Instead,ahandfulofsmallchangestoonlineshoppinghadgrownintosomethingmeaningful:Advertiserswerecollectingstoresofpersonalinformationwithwhichtotargettheiradvertising.Retailers(零售商)wereofferingfreeshippingandfreereturnsoneverything—buynow,decidelater.ThewidespreaduseofonlinepaymentshortcutssuchasApplePaywasmakingitunnecessarytocreateanewaccount.‘Buynow,paylater’serviceswerebeginningtoappearatmoreretailerstosoftentheblowofspending.(相反，網(wǎng)購的一些小變化已經(jīng)發(fā)展成有意義的事情：廣告商正在收集個(gè)人信息以便針對(duì)性地投放廣告。零售商提供免費(fèi)送貨和免費(fèi)退貨服務(wù)——現(xiàn)在購買，稍后決定。像ApplePay這樣的在線支付快捷方式的廣泛使用使得創(chuàng)建新賬戶變得不必要?！跋荣I后付”服務(wù)開始在更多零售商中出現(xiàn)，以減輕消費(fèi)的沖擊)”可知，廣告商收集個(gè)人信息以定向投放廣告，零售商提供免費(fèi)運(yùn)輸和免費(fèi)退貨，廣泛使用在線支付快捷方式，如蘋果支付，使得創(chuàng)建新賬戶變得不必要，“先買后付”服務(wù)開始在更多零售商中出現(xiàn)，以減輕消費(fèi)帶來的打擊。這些變化都體現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)上購物的便利性。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句子“About70percentofonlineshoppingcarts( 購物車)areleftunfinishedwithoutasale,whichsuggeststhatpotentialbuyerscaneasily

derail

theirplanstobuy.

Sometimes,therealizationthatyou’llneedtogetupandgetyourwalletisenoughtopreventyoufromendingupwithanewT-shirt.(大約70%的在線購物車在沒有完成銷售的情況下被遺棄，這表明潛在買家可以很容易地derail他們的購買計(jì)劃。有時(shí)候，意識(shí)到你需要站起來拿錢包就足以阻止你最終買了一件新T恤。)”可知，劃線詞所在句子講的是有時(shí)候意識(shí)到需要站起來拿錢包就足以阻止你最終買了一件新T恤，由此可以推測(cè)出劃線詞所在句子講的是潛在買家很容易破壞他們購買的計(jì)劃，即劃線詞意為“破壞、停止”，與D項(xiàng)意思相近，故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whenbuyingsomethingfeelslikemakingarealchoice,youhavemoreopportunitiestoslowdownandconsiderwhetheritmightbethewrongone.(當(dāng)買東西感覺像是做出一個(gè)真正的選擇時(shí)，你就有更多的機(jī)會(huì)放慢腳步，考慮這是否是錯(cuò)誤的選擇。)”可推知，作者在最后一段給出的建議是網(wǎng)上購物前要三思而后行。故選D項(xiàng)。DLastweek,UnitedNationsSecretary-GeneralAntónioGuterrescoinedanewterm.Thetimeofglobalwarminghasended,heannounced,andthetimeof“globalboiling”hasarrived.Youcanseewhyhesaidit.Julywasthehottestmonthonrecordglobally.HightemperaturesandseriouswildfireshavesweptacrosstheNorthernHemisphere.Oceanicheatwavesaredamagingtheworld’sthird-largestcoralreef,offFlorida.Andasthelevelsofgreenhousegasescontinuetoincrease,itmeansmanyevenhottersummerslieahead.Butcriticshavestronglydisagreedwiththephrase.Atonelevel,“globalboiling”isclearlyanoverstatement,but“globalwarming”isnowfartooweakadescription.Manyclimatescientistshavepushedfortheterm“globalheating”tobeusedinpreference.Similarly,phrasessuchas“climatecrisis”haven’treceivedenoughattention.That’sbecausemanyofusstillfeelwehaven’tseenthiscrisiswithourowneyes.Butthatischanging.Inthepastfewyears,extremeweatherandrelatedeventshavestruckmanycountries.Australia’sBlackSummerbroughtwildfiresthatburnedanareathesizeoftheUnitedKingdom.Germanysufferedseriousfloodingin2021.The2022floodinPakistanfloodedlargepartsofthecountry.Chinahasseenbothdroughtsandfloods.TerribledroughtshavehittheHornofAfricaformanyyears.Indiahasstoppedriceexportsduetodamagefromheavyrain.Criticsofclimateactionoftencomplainaboutwhattheyseeastheoveruseof“crisistalk”.Ifeverythingisacrisis,nothingisacrisis.WhenGuterresusesdeeplyimpactfulphrases,he’snotinvitingustoimagineaHollywood-styledisaster.Whathe’shopingistomakepeoplelisten—andact—nowwecanseewhatclimatechangelookslike.Aretherebetterphrasestodescribethis?Possibly.Takethechallengeyourself:canyouthinkupabrief,correctphrasetocoverworseninglocal-andregional-scale(區(qū)域級(jí)的)droughts,fires,typhoonsandfloods;damagetocropsandfoodsafety;watershortages;existentialthreatstocoralreefsandlow-lyingcommunities?Youcanseehowharditis.12.WhatmadeGuterresusethephrase“globalboiling”?A.Thereviewsfromcritics.B.Thenewscientificfindings.C.Thepresentserioussituation.D.Thefuturecourseofclimatechange.13.Whydidsuchphrasesas“climatecrisis”failtoattractourattention?A.Noneofthesephrasesreflectthetruth.B.Fewercriseshavehappenedinrecentyears.C.Manyphraseshaven’tbeenmentionedpublicly.D.Certainclimatedisastershaven’thappenedtous.14.Whatdoestheauthortrytosaybyusing“Butthatischanging”?A.Butclimatecrisesareworsening.B.Butseveralcriseswillbesolved.C.Butpeoplewillfacefoodshortages.D.Butpeoplearetakingeffectivemeasures.15.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofGuterres’saying“globalboiling”?A.Itisbeyondreality. B.Itisjusttoscarepeople.C.Itisreasonablyacceptable. D.Itisjusttocomfortthepublic【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，聯(lián)合國秘書長安東尼奧·古特雷斯提出了“全球沸騰”這一新術(shù)語，以描述當(dāng)前氣候變化的嚴(yán)重性。文章討論了這一術(shù)語的使用及其背后的原因，并探討了人們對(duì)氣候危機(jī)的認(rèn)識(shí)和反應(yīng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Julywasthehottestmonthonrecordglobally.HightemperaturesandseriouswildfireshavesweptacrosstheNorthernHemisphere.Oceanicheatwavesaredamagingtheworld’sthird-largestcoralreef,offFlorida.Andasthelevelsofgreenhousegasescontinuetoincrease,itmeansmanyevenhottersummerslieahead.(七月是有記錄以來全球最熱的月份。高溫和嚴(yán)重的野火席卷了北半球。海洋熱浪正在破壞世界第三大珊瑚礁，位于佛羅里達(dá)州附近。隨著溫室氣體水平的持續(xù)上升，這意味著未來將出現(xiàn)更多更熱的夏天。)”可知，Guterres使用“全球沸騰”這個(gè)短語是因?yàn)槟壳皣?yán)峻的形勢(shì)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Similarly,phrasessuchas“climatecrisis”haven’treceivedenoughattention.That’sbecausemanyofusstillfeelwehaven’tseenthiscrisiswithourowneyes.(同樣，“氣候危機(jī)”等短語也沒有得到足夠的關(guān)注。這是因?yàn)槲覀冎械脑S多人仍然覺得我們沒有親眼看到這場(chǎng)危機(jī)。)”可知，“氣候危機(jī)”等短語沒能引起我們的注意是因?yàn)槟承夂驗(yàn)?zāi)難沒有發(fā)生在我們身上。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Butthatischanging.Inthepastfewyears,extremeweatherandrelatedeventshavestruckmanycountries.Australia’sBlackSummerbroughtwildfiresthatburnedanareathesizeoftheUnitedKingdom.Germanysufferedseriousfloodingin2021.The2022floodinPakistanfloodedlargepartsofthecountry.Chinahasseenbothdroughtsandfloods.TerribledroughtshavehittheHornofAfricaformanyyears.Indiahasstoppedriceexportsduetodamagefromheavyrain.(但這種情況正在改變。在過去的幾年里，極端天氣和相關(guān)事件襲擊了許多國家。澳大利亞的黑色夏季引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)大火，燒毀了相當(dāng)于英國大小的地區(qū)。德國在2021年遭受了嚴(yán)重的洪災(zāi)。2022年巴基斯坦的洪水淹沒了該國的大部分地區(qū)。中國經(jīng)歷了干旱和洪澇災(zāi)害。非洲之角多年來一直遭受嚴(yán)重干旱。由于大雨造成的破壞，印度已經(jīng)停止出口大米。)”可知，作者用“Butthatischanging”想說的是氣候變化引發(fā)的危機(jī)正在惡化。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段“WhenGuterresusesdeeplyimpactfulphrases,he’snotinvitingustoimagineaHollywood-styledisaster.Whathe’shopingistomakepeoplelisten—andact—nowwecanseewhatclimatechangelookslike.(當(dāng)古特雷斯使用深刻影響的話語時(shí)，他并不是在邀請(qǐng)我們想象好萊塢式的災(zāi)難。他所希望的是讓人們現(xiàn)在就開始傾聽并采取行動(dòng)，現(xiàn)在我們可以看到氣候變化是什么樣子的)”可知，作者認(rèn)為古特雷斯使用“全球沸騰”這一說法是為了讓人們傾聽并采取行動(dòng)，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在我們可以看到氣候變化的樣子。因此，作者認(rèn)為這種說法是合理可接受的。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Confidenceisaqualitythatcanbehighlybeneficialinlife.Youmaybelievethatconfidenceissomethingpeoplearebornwith,andyoueitherhaveitoryoudon’t.___16___Self-confidenceissomethingyoucandevelop.AccordingtoPsychologyToday,confidencecanbenurtured(培養(yǎng)),anditispossibletobuilditandletitgrowatanygiventimeinyourlife.Itistruethatsomepeoplehaveaneasiertimewiththisthanothers,butdon’tletthatdiscourageyou.___17___Sowheredoyoustart?Youstart,accordingtoablogonPsychCentral,withself-acceptance.Beinghonestwithyourselfandpracticingself-loveandself-acceptanceiswhatitisallabout.Thereisnothingtoachievefrompretendingandtherearenoeasypathstosuccess.___18___Thegoodnewsisthatit’suptoyou.Sitwithyourself,meditateandjournal(冥想和記日記).Thinkaboutyourstrengthsandweaknesses,whoyouareandwhoyouaren’t.Gettoknowyourselfbetter.Andbekindtoyourself,likeyouwouldbekindtoothers.___19___Youmayevenstarttonoticeachangeinhowyouconnectwithothers.Becausesomeonewhoisatpeacewiththemselvesandhasconfidence,accordingtoIncMagazine,isabletohavecompassion(同情)towardsothers.Sometimeswhenworkingtowardsagoal,gettingsomeadditionalhelpcanplayanimportantrole.___20___Peoplethatknowyouwellandarethereforyoucanbehelpfulwhenyouneedareminderofwhoyouareandhowunique,specialandlovedyouare.Rememberthatbuildingconfidenceisajourney.Thereisn’tnecessarilyadestinationoranendgoal.Acceptyourselfandbeproudofwhoyouare.A.Thisneedslotsofpractices.B.That’snotnecessarilytrue.C.Youshouldletgoofperfection.D.Thesepracticescanbebeneficial.E.Youcanbenefitfromtalkingtoothers.F.It’samusclethatcanbestrengthenedandworkedon.G.It’saboutwhereyoucamefromandhowfaryou’vecome.【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.D20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了培養(yǎng)自信的方法?！?6題詳解】空格前的句子“Youmaybelievethatconfidenceissomethingpeoplearebornwith,andyoueitherhaveitoryoudon’t.

(你可能認(rèn)為自信是與生俱來的，你要么有，要么沒有。)”提到，你可能認(rèn)為自信是與生俱來的，空格后的句子“Self-confidenceissomethingyoucandevelop.(自信是可以培養(yǎng)的。)”說自信是可以培養(yǎng)的，所以空格處的句子應(yīng)該否定上一句的觀點(diǎn)，所以B項(xiàng)“That’snotnecessarilytrue.(這并不一定正確。)”符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】空格前的句子“Itistruethatsomepeoplehaveaneasiertimewiththisthanothers,butdon’tletthatdiscourageyou.(的確，有些人比其他人更容易做到這一點(diǎn)，但不要因此而氣餒。)”是說，不要認(rèn)為比其他人困難而氣餒，空格處的句子應(yīng)該解釋原因，所以F項(xiàng)“It’samusclethatcanbestrengthenedandworkedon.(這是一塊可以加強(qiáng)和鍛煉的肌肉)”符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空格處的句子“Thereisnothingtoachievefrompretendingandtherearenoeasypathstosuccess.(假裝什么也得不到，通往成功的道路也沒有捷徑。)”可知，通往成功的道路也沒有捷徑，所以需要練習(xí)，所以A項(xiàng)“Thisneedslotsofpractices.(這需要大量的練習(xí)。)”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】空格前的句子“Sitwithyourself,meditateandjournal.Thinkaboutyourstrengthsandweaknesses,whoyouareandwhoyouaren’t.Gettoknowyourselfbetter.Andbekindtoyourself,likeyouwouldbekindtoothers.(自己坐下來，冥想，寫日記。想想你的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，你是誰，你不是誰。更好地了解自己。善待自己，就像善待別人一樣。)”是培養(yǎng)自信的方法，空格后的句子“Youmayevenstarttonoticeachangeinhowyouconnectwithothers.(你甚至可能開始注意到你與他人交往的方式發(fā)生了變化。)”提到這樣做的好處，空格處的句子也應(yīng)該是提到這樣練習(xí)的好處，所以D項(xiàng)“Thesepracticescanbebeneficial.(這些做法是有益的。)”符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)空格前的句子“Sometimeswhenworkingtowardsagoal,gettingsomeadditionalhelpcanplayanimportantrole.(有時(shí)候，在朝著一個(gè)目標(biāo)努力的過程中，獲得一些額外的幫助會(huì)起到重要的作用。)”和空格后的句子“Peoplethatknowyouwellandarethereforyoucanbehelpfulwhenyouneedareminderofwhoyouareandhowunique,specialandlovedyouare.(當(dāng)你需要提醒自己你是誰，你是多么的獨(dú)特、特別和被愛的時(shí)候，了解你的人會(huì)幫助你。)”可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)該說“和其他人交流，得到他人的幫助”，所以，E項(xiàng)“Youcanbenefitfromtalkingtoothers.(你可以從與他人交談中獲益。)”填入空格處，符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。LastSunday,JakeSnellingandhisfriendswentuptothemountainstodosomeexploring.Feelingquiteproudoftheirachievement,theydecidedto___21___themselves.Theywenttoalocalrestaurantand___22___somedishes.Thefoodwasdelicious,andeverythingseemedperfectuntil___23___struck.Jakefailedtochewhisfoodproperly,andsomethingjustgot___24___—hecouldn’tbreatheatall.Unawarethatsomethingwas___25___,hisfriendscontinuedtochatandlaughwhileJakestruggledto___26___.Whentheynoticedhis___27___behavior,theythoughthehadindigestion(消化不良).Theyattemptedtohelpbypatting(拍打)hisbackbutitwasn’t___28___.Atthattime,waiterSheakhNazmulHasanRifatspottedthegroupandsprangintoactionto___29___Jake.RifatperformedtheHeimlichmaneuver(海姆立克急救法)tofreethefoodhewaschokingon.Rifatwas____30____andfocusedonthetaskathand.Andthen,Jake’sairwayclearedandhestartedtobreathe.ThewholerestaurantgaveRifatabig____31____.JakehuggedRifatand____32____him.Rifatsaidhisfatherhaddonethesamethingwithhimwhenhewasachild,sohe____33____knewwhattodo.DespitetheeventJakewasnotputofftherestofhis____34____.Hewentbackforabitmoreofit.Healsolefta____35____,althoughRifatwasunwillingtoacceptit.21.A.treat B.trust C.test D.teach22.A.made B.broke C.washed D.ordered23.A.reality B.disaster C.challenge D.failure24.A.stuck B.lost C.missed D.changed25.A.crazy B.stolen C.wrong D.damaged26.A.explain B.escape C.balance D.breathe27.A.childish B.unusual C.dangerous D.unacceptable28.A.hurting B.working C.burning D.moving29.A.guide B.comfort C.save D.protect30.A.calm B.curious C.confused D.careless31.A.hug B.cake C.welcome D.clap32.A.paid B.helped C.encouraged D.thanked33.A.immediately B.suddenly C.eventually D.hardly34.A.task B.action C.meal D.trip35.A.gap B.tip C.message D.mark【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.A25.C26.D27.B28.B29.C30.A31.D32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了JakeSnelling和他的朋友們?cè)谕瓿梢淮翁诫U(xiǎn)后慶祝時(shí)發(fā)生的一次意外，以及一位餐廳服務(wù)員如何使用海姆立克急救法救了他的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)自己的成就感到非常自豪，他們決定犒勞一下自己。A.treat款待；B.trust信任；C.test測(cè)試；D.teach教。根據(jù)后文“Theywenttoalocalrestaurant”可知，他們?nèi)チ艘患耶?dāng)?shù)夭宛^點(diǎn)了一些菜，這是為了犒勞自己，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們?nèi)チ艘患耶?dāng)?shù)夭宛^點(diǎn)了一些菜。A.made制作；B.broke打破；C.washed洗；D.ordered點(diǎn)菜。根據(jù)后文“Thefoodwasdelicious”可知，他們?cè)诓宛^里點(diǎn)了菜，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：食物很美味，一切似乎都很完美，直到災(zāi)難降臨。A.reality現(xiàn)實(shí)；B.disaster災(zāi)難；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.failure失敗。根據(jù)后文“Jakefailedtochewhisfoodproperly,andsomethingjustgot…—hecouldn’tbreatheatall.”可知，Jake咀嚼食物不當(dāng)，導(dǎo)致食物卡在喉嚨里，無法呼吸，這是一次災(zāi)難，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Jake咀嚼食物不當(dāng)，導(dǎo)致食物卡在喉嚨里，無法呼吸。A.stuck卡??；B.lost丟失；C.missed錯(cuò)過；D.changed改變。根據(jù)后文“hecouldn’tbreatheatall”可知，食物卡在喉嚨里，導(dǎo)致他無法呼吸，故選A。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的朋友們沒有意識(shí)到出了問題，繼續(xù)聊天和笑，而Jake掙扎著呼吸。A.crazy瘋狂的；B.stolen被盜的；C.wrong錯(cuò)誤的；D.damaged損壞的。根據(jù)前文“Jakefailedtochewhi