職稱英語衛(wèi)生類a級模擬27

職稱英語衛(wèi)生類A級模擬27

第1部分：詞匯選項

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語畫有底橫線，請為每處畫線部分確定1個意義最為接

近的選項。

1>Youwillfindthatthecommunityhasexperiencedgreatchangessinceyoucame

herelasttime.

A.undergoneB.experimentedC.submittedD.sustained

2、Itiseasiertoadapttonewsituationsifonehasaflexibleattitude.

A.changeableB.fashionableC.moveableD.elastic

3、Shecouldnotenduretheextremetensionandbrokeintotearssuddenly.

A.braveryB.strainC.dangerD.security

4、Unabletocontrolhimselfzhetorethephonefromhiswife*shand,thenfrom

thesocketzandthrowitacrosstheroom.

A.restrainB.refreshC.releaseD.relieve

5、Thegovernmentwouldnotdaretoimposetaxesonsuchnecessitiesasbread

ormilk.

A.cutB.forceC.occurD.charge

6、Hemaintainedthattheopinionwaswrong.

A.emphasizedB.repairedC.heldD.helped

7、Afamousscientististryingtoexplainhisnewfindings.

A.elicitB.emulateC.eradicateD.

elucidate

TheUnitedStatesCongressandthestatelegislaturesapprovethousands

lawseachyear.

A.amendB.debateC.passD.draft

9、Itisdifficulttounderstandthiskindofcomplicatedcalculation.

A.exultantB.complexC.petulantD.varied

10>LargeareasofAlaskanlandremaindesolateduetoharshclimate.

A.barrenB.immatureC.accessibleD.parched

11、Einstein1stheoryofrelativityseemedincrediblewhenitwasfirstintroduced.

A.brilliantB.complicatedC.unbelievableD.

distinguished

12、Theprojectfordevelopinglocalindustrieswasevaluatedforitsusefulness,

feasibilityandeasinessofexecution.

A.assessedB.comparedC.measuredD.weighed

13>Hissuccessinworkhastemptedmanytotrythisnewmethod.

A.attractedB.calledC.impliedD.insured

14、Thesisterscannottolerateeachother.

A.bearB.hateC.likeD.criticize

15、Theeconomicreforminthatcountryhasbeenaccelerated.

A.speededupB.putoffC.sloweddownD.stopped

第2部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文后列出7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷；如相該句提的是

正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有

提及，請選擇C。

ModerateEarthquakeStrikesEngland

AmoderateearthquakestruckpartsofsoutheastEnglandon28April,2007,

topplingchimneysfromhousesandrousingresidentsfromtheirbeds.Several

thousandpeoplewereleftwithoutpowerinKentCounty.Onewomansuffered

minorheadandneckinjuries.

HItfeltasifthewholehousewasbeingslidacrosslikeafun-fairride,"

saidthewoman.

TheBritishGeologicalSurveysaidthe4.3-magnitudequakestruckat8：19

a.m.andwascenteredundertheEnglishChannelzabout8.5milessouthof

DoverandneartheentrancetotheChannelTunnel.

Witnessessaidcracksappearedinwallsandchimneyscollapsedacrossthe

county.Residentssaidthetremorhadlastedforabout10to15seconds.

"Iwaslyinginbedanditfeltasifsomeonehadjustgotupfrombed

nexttome,"saidHendrickvanEck,27,ofCanterburyabout60milessoutheast

ofLondon.”工thenheardthesoundofcracking,anditwasgettingheavier

andheavier.Itfeltasifsomeonewasattheendofmybedhoppingupand

down."

Therearethousandsofmoderatequakesonthisscalearoundtheworldeach

year,buttheyarerareinBritain.TheApril28quakewasthestrongestin

Britainsince2002whena4.8-magnitudequakestruckthecentralEnglandcity

ofBirmingham.

Thecountry1sstrongestearthquaketookplaceintheNorthSeain1931,

measuring6.1ontheRichterscale.BritishGeologicalSurveyscientistRoger

Mussonsaidthequaketookplaceon28Aprilinanareathathadseenseveral

ofthebiggestearthquakesevertostrikeBritain,includingonein1580that

causeddamageinLondonandwasfeltinFrance.Mussonpredictedthatitwas

onlyamatteroftimebeforeanotherearthquakestruckthispartofEngland.

However,peopleshouldnotbescaredtoomushbythisprediction,Mussonsaid,

asthemodernearthquakewarningsystemofBritainshouldbeabletodetect

aforthcomingquakeandannounceitseveralhoursbeforeittakesplace.This

wouldallowtimeforpeopletoevacuateandreducedamagetotheminimum.

16>DuringtheApril28earthquake,wholeEnglandwasleftwithoutpower.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>TheChannelTunnelwasclosedfor10hoursaftertheearthquakeoccurred.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Itwasreportedthatoneladyhadgotherheadandneckinjured,butnot

seriously.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、FranceandseveralotherEuropeancountriessenttheirmedicalteamsto

worksidebysidewiththeBritishdoctors.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20>Thecountry1sstrongestearthquaketookplaceinLondonin1580.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>MussonpredictedthatanotherearthquakewouldoccurinsoutheastEngland

soonerorlater.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatEnglandisrarelyhitbyhigh

magnitudeearthquakes.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

下面的短文后有兩項測試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2、3、4、5

段每段選擇1個最佳標題；（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最

佳選項。

FriendlyRelationswiththePeopleAround

1Youdependonallthepeoplecloselyaroundyoutogiveyouthewarm

feelingofbe1ongingness（歸屬感）thatyoumusthavetofeelsecure.Butzin

fact,themembersofallthegroupstowhichyoubelongalsodependonyou

togivethatfeelingtothem.Apersonwhoshowsthathewantseverything

forhimselfisboundtobealonelywolf.

2Theneedforcompanionshipiscloselyrelatedtotheneedforasense

ofbelongingness.Howsadandlonelyyourlifewouldbeifyouhadnoone

toshareyourfeelingsandexperiences.Youmaytakeitforgrantedthatthere

alwayswillbepeoplearoundtotalktoandtodothingswithyouandfor

you.Theimportantpointzhowever,isthatkeepingemotionallyhealthydoes

notdependsomuchonhavingpeoplearoundyouasuponyourabilitytoestablish

relationshipsthataresatisfyingbothtoyouandtothem.

3Supposeyouareinacrowdwatchingafootballgame.Youdon11knowthem.

Whenthegameisover,youwillgoyourseparateways.Butjustforawhile

youhadafeelingofcompanionshipzofsharingthefeelingofotherswhowere

cheeringfortheteamyouwantedtowin.

4Anexperienceofthiskindgivesthegluetowhatcompanionshipreally

is.Itdependsuponemotionaltiesofsympathy,understandingztrust,and

affection.Companionshipsbecomefriendswhenthesetiesareformed.

5Whenyouarethrowninanewcircleofacquaintances（熟人）,youmay

notknowwithwhomyouwillmakefriends,butyoucanbesurethatyouwill

beabletoestablishfriendshipsifyoushowthatyoureallylikepeople.

A.Closelinkbetweencompanionshipandbelongingness

B.Howtosatisfyotherpeople*sneeds

C.Anexampleofasatisfyingrelationship

D.Difficultiesinestablishingfriendships

E.Whatcompanionshipreallyis

F.Makingfriendswithnewacquaintances

23、Paragraph2

24、Paragraph3

25、Paragraph4

26、Paragraph5_

A.sadandlonely

B.emotionallyhealthy

C.withoutrealloveforthem

D.asenseofsecurityhealthy

E.alonelywolf

F.withoutpity

27>Ifyouhadnoonetoshareyourfeelings,yourlifewouldbe.

28>Thewarmfeelingsofbelongingnessmaygiveyou.

29、Theabilitytoestablishfinerelationswithotherswillkeepyou.

30、Youwillfindithardtomakefriendswithpeople.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。

第一篇

PreventingChildMaltreatment

Childmaltreatmentisaglobalproblemwithseriouslife-longconsequences.

Therearenoreliableglobalestimatesfortheprevalenceofchildmaltreatment.

Dataformanycountriesespeciallylow-and-middle-incomecountries,are

lacking.

Childmaltreatmentiscomplexanddifficulttostudy.Currentestimates

varywidelydependingonthecountryandthemethodofresearchused.Nonetheless,

internationalstudiesrevealthatapproximately20%ofwomenand5-10%of

menreportbeingsexuallyabusedaschildren.While25-50%ofallchildren

reportbeingphysicallyabused.Additionally,manychildrenaresubjectto

emotionalabuse(sometimesreferredtoaspsychologicalabuse).

Everyyear,thereareanestimated31,000homicidedeathsinchildrenunder

15.Thisnumberunderestimatesthetrueextentoftheproblem,asasignificant

proportionofdeathsduetochildmaltreatmentareincorrectlyattributed

tofalls,bumsanddrowning.

Childmaltreatmentcausessufferingtochildrenandfamiliesandcanhave

long-termconsequences.Maltreatmentcausesstressthatisassociatedwith

disruptioninearlybraindevelopment.Extremestresscanimpairthedevelopment

ofthenervousandimmunesystems.Consequently,asadultszmaltreatedchildren

areatincreasedriskforbehavioralzphysicalandmentalhealthproblem.

Viathebehavioralandmentalhealthconsequences,maltreatmentcancontribute

toheartdisease,cancer,suicideandsexuallytransmittedinfections.

Beyondthehealthconsequencesofchildmaltreatment,thereisaneconomic

impact,includingcostofhospitalization,mentalhealthtreatment,child

welfare,andlonger-termhealthcost.

Anumberofriskfactorforchildmaltreatmenthavebeenidentified.These

riskfactorsarenotpresentinallsocialandculturalcontexts,butprovide

anoverviewwhenattemptingtounderstandthecausesofchildmaltreatment.

Itisimportanttoemphasizethatchildrenarethevictimsandarenever

toblameformaltreatment.Anumberofcharacteristicsofanindividualchild

mayincreasethelikelihoodofbeingmaltreated,suchasbeingeitherunder

fouryearsoldoranadolescent,beingunwanted,orfailingtofulfillthe

expectationsofparentsandhavingspecialneed,cryingpersistentlyorhaving

abnormalphysicalfeatures

31、Thedifficultsituationintheglobalestimatesofthechildmaltreatment

isduetothefollowingfactorsEXCEPT_______accordingtothepassage.

A.childmaltreatmentisaglobalproblem

B.thereisnoexactdataaboutlow-andmid-incomecountries

C.thereisashortageoftheprofessionaldatacollectors

D.differentscientistsusedifferentresearchmethods

32、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.20%ofwomengotsexuallyabusedintheirchildhood.

B.25-50%ofallchildrenwerereportedtohavebeenphysicallyabused.

C.25-50%ofchildrenwerepsychologicallyabused.

D.60-75%ofchildrenwereneglectedbytheirparents.

33、Manyhomicidedeathsinchildrenunder15arewronglycategorizedinto

thefollowingtypesEXCEPT_______accordingtothepassage.

A.drowninginswimming

B.diarrhea

C,bums

D.falls

34、WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasthebadimpactcausedbychild

maltreatment?

A.Thechildwillbehavebadlyinhismemoryofhischildhoodwhenhegrows

up.

B.Childmaltreatmenthurtshisnervousandimmunesystems.

C.Childmaltreatmentdamageshisearlybraindevelopment.

D.Thechildiseasilyaffectedbymanydiseasesinhisadulthood.

35、Themaltreatedchildrenoftenbearallthefollowingcharacteristics

EXCEPT_______.

A.theyfrequentlyandeasilycry

B.theyareininfant*sorinadolescentperiod

C.theyareoftenneglectedbytheirparentsorfriends

D.theyoftentrytheirbesttomeettherequirementsfromtheirparents

弟一^扁

BeAlerttoAntimicrobialResistance

Theabilityofmicro-organismstofindwaystoevadetheactionofthe

drugsusedtocuretheinfectionstheycauseisincreasinglyrecognizedas

aglobalpublichealthissue.Somebacteriahavedevelopedmechanismswhich

makethemresistanttomanyoftheantibioticsnormallyusedfortheirtreatment

(multi-drugresistantbacteria),soposeparticulardifficultieszasthere

maybefewornoalternativeoptionsfortherapy.Theyconstituteagrowing

andglobalpublichealthproblem.WHOsuggeststhatcountriesshouldbeprepared

toimplementhospitalinfectioncontrolmeasurestolimitthespreadof

multi-drugresistantstrainsandtoreinforcenationalpolicyonprudentuse

ofantibioticszreducingthegenerationofantibioticresistantbacteria-

AnarticlepunishedinTheLancetInfectiousDiseaseson11August2010

identifiedanewgenethatenablessometypesofbacteriatobehighlyresistant

toalmostallantibiotics.Thearticle"hasdrawnattentiontotheissueof

AMR(antimicrobialresistance)and,inparticular,hasraisedawarenessof

infectionscausedbymulti-drugresistantbacteria.

Whilemulti-drugresistantbacteriaarenotnewandwillcontinuetoappear,

thisdevelopmentrequiresmonitoringandfurtherstudytounderstandtheextent

andmodesoftransmission,andtodefinethemosteffectivemeasuresforcontrol.

Thosecalledupontobealerttotheproblemofantimicrobialresistance

andtakeappropriateactionincludeconsumerszmanagersofhospitalszpatientsz

aswellasnationalgovernmentszthepharmaceuticalindustry,andinternational

agencies.

WHOstronglyrecommendsthatgovernmentsfocuscontrolandprevention

effortsinthefollowingareaslikesurveillanceforantimicrobialresistance；

rationalantibioticusezincluding,educationofhealthcareworkersandthe

publicintheappropriateuseofantibiotics；introducingorenforcing

legislationrelatedtostoppingthesellingofantibioticswithoutprescription；

andstrictadherencetoinfectionpreventionandcontrolmeasureszincluding

theuseofhand-washingmeasures,particularlyinhealthcarefacilities.

Successfulcontrolofmultidrug-resistantmicroorganismshasbeen

documentedinmanycountries,andtheexistingandwell-knowninfection

preventionandcontrolmeasurescaneffectivelyreducetransmissionof

multi-drugresistantorganismsifsystematicallyimplemented.

WHOwillcontinuetosupportcountriestodeveloprelevantpolicieszand

tocoordinateinternationaleffortstocombatantimicrobialresistance.

AntimicrobialresistancewillbethethemeofWHO1sWorldHealthDay2011.

36、Whyistheuseofantibioticsarousinggloballyincreasinginterest?

A.Themisuseoftheantibioticshascausedstrongerbacteriaresistance

andnonewdrugsagainstthebacteriaareavailableatpresent.

B.Themicro-organismsdevelopmuchfasterthanthepast,sotheresearchers

aremoreinterested.

C.Theantibioticsformulti-drugresistantbacteriaarehighlypriced

andtherewillbeabigmarketforthedrugindustry.

D.Theantibioticshasbeenfoundmorepowerfulforthetreatmentofthe

multi-drugresistantbacteria.

37>WhichofthefollowingistrueofthearticlepublishedinTheLancet

InfectiousDiseases?

A.TheissueofAMRledthescientiststobealerttothenewhumangene.

B.Anewdrugwillbesoonavailableforanymulti-drugresistantbacteria.

C.Anewstrainhasbeenfoundtobehighlyresistanttoalmostall

antibiotics.

D.AMRarousedtheawarenessofthescientiststotheinfectionscaused

bytheantibiotics.

38、WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassagetotakecautious

andproperactionabouttheAMR?

A.Thosewhouseantibiotics.

B.Thosewhosellantibiotics.

C.Thosewhoproduceantibiotics.

D.Thosewhostudyinuniversities.

39、AllthefollowingrecommendationstothegovernmentsfromWHOistrue

EXCEPT.

A.educationtotheusersofantibiotics.

B.controlonuseofantibioticsinhealthfacilities.

C.introductionofnewregulationsonthesaleofantibiotics.

D.limitonthehospitalstostoremoreantibioticdrugsthantheycan

use.

40、Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?

A.WHOcanonlyrecommendthegovernmentstocontrolandpreventthe

transmissionofmulti-drugresistantorganisms.

B.Evenwiththenewstrainsagainsttheexistingantibiotics,the

transmissionofmulti-drugresistantorganismsisstillundercontrol.

C.WithoutthesupportfromWHO,nocountrycanbesafeinthewaragainst

thetransmissionofmultidrugresistantorganisms.

D.WHOwillsparenoeffortinantimicrobialresistancein2010andwill

setaspecialdayforitin2011.

SpoiltforChoice

Choice,wearegiventobelieve,isaright.Indailylife,peoplehave

cometoexpectendlesssituationsaboutwhichtheyarerequiredtomakedecisions

onewayoranother.Inthemain,thesearejustirksomemomentsatworkwhich

demandsomeextraenergyorbrainpower,orduringlunchbreakslikechoosing

whichtypeofcoffeetoorderorindeedwhichcoffeeshoptogoto.

Butsometimesselectingoneoptionasopposedtoanothercanhaveserious

orlifelongrepercussions.Morecomplexdecision-makingistheneitheravoided,

postponed；orputintothehandsofthearmyofprofessionals,lifestylecoaches,

lawyers,advisors,andthelike,waitingtolightentheemotionalburdenfor

afee.Butforagoodmanypeopleintheworld,inrichandpoorcountries,

choiceisaluxury,notaright.Andforthosewhothinktheyareexercising

theirrighttomakechoiceszthewholesystemismerelyanillusion,created

bycompaniesandadvertiserswantingtoselltheirwares.

Themainimpactofendlesschoiceinpeople1slivesisanxiety.Buying

somethingasbasicasacoffeepotisnotexactlysimple.Easyaccesstoa

widerangeofconsumergoodsinducesasenseofpowerlessnesszevenparalysis,

inmanypeople,endingintheshoppergivingupandwalkingawayorjustbuying

anunsuitableitemthatisnotreallywantedinordertosolvetheproblem

andreducetheunease.RecentsurveysintheUnitedKingdomhaveshownthat

asizeableproportionofelectricalgoodsboughtperhouseholdarenotreally

needed.Theadvertisersandtheshareholdersofthemanufacturersare,

nonetheless,satisfied.

Itisnotjusttheiravailabilitythatistheproblem,butthespeedwith

whichnewversionsofproductscomeonthemarket.Advancesindesignand

productionmeanthatnewitemsarealmostreadybythetimethatgoodshit

theshelves.Productsalsoneedtohaveashortlifespansothatthepublic

canbepersuadedtoreplacethemwithinashorttime.Theclassicexample

iscomputerszwhicharealmostobsoleteoncetheyarebought.Atfirstzthere

wereonlyoneortwoavailablefromalimitednumberofmanufacturerszbut

nowtherearemanycompaniesallwithnotonlytheirownproductsbutdifferent

versionsofthesamemachine.Thismakesselectionaproblem.Gonearethe

dayswhenonecouldjustwalkwitheaseintoashopandbuyonething：no

choice,noanxiety.

Theplethoraofchoiceisnotlimitedtoconsumeritems.Withthegreater

mobilityofpeoplearoundtheworld,peoplehavemorechoiceaboutwherethey

wanttoliveandworkafairlyrecentphenomenon.Inthepast,nationsmigrated

acrosshugeswathesoftheearthinsearchoffood,adventurezandmorehospitable

environments.Wholenationscrossedcontinentsandchangedthefaceofhistory.

Sothemobilityofpeopleisnothingnew.Thecreationofnationstatesand

borderseffectivelyslowedthisprocessdown,butwhatisdifferentnowis

thespeedatwhichmigrationishappening：

41>Whatisthedifferencebetweenthedecisiontoshopinacertainsupermarket

andthedecisiontodropoutofcollegeaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

A.Theformerisarightwhilethelatterisnot.

B.Thelatter