Unit6HowPixarfosterscollectivecrativity市公開課一等獎省賽課微課件

HowPixarFostersCollectiveCreativitybyEdCatmull1/44EdCatmullDr.EdCatmullisoneofthethreefoundingfathersofPixar.HeisacomputerscientistandcurrentpresidentofPixarAnimationStudiosandWaltDisneyAnimationStudios.Asacomputerscientist,Catmullhascontributedtomanyimportantdevelopmentsincomputergraphics.[6][7]2/44"HowPixarFostersCollectiveCreativity"waspublishedinHowardBusinessReview《哈佛商業(yè)評論》in.

HarvardBusinessReview(HBR)isageneralmanagementmagazinepublishedbyHarvardBusinessPublishing,awhollyownedsubsidiaryofHarvardUniversity.

HBR'sarticlescoverawiderangeoftopicsthatarerelevanttodifferentindustries,managementfunctions,andgeographiclocations.Thesefocusonsuchareasasleadership,organizationalchange,negotiation,strategy,operations,marketing,finance,andmanagingpeople.3/44Pixar(PixarAnimationStudios)basedinCalifornia

Foundedin1986byJohnLasseter,SteveJobs,EdCatmullBoughtby

TheWaltDisneyCompany

inearned27AcademyAwards,sevenGoldenGlobeAwards,andelevenGrammyAwards

4/44JohnAlanLasseter(bornJanuary12,1957)isanAmericananimator,filmdirector,screenwriter,producerandthechiefcreativeofficeratPixar,WaltDisneyAnimationStudios,andDisneyToonStudios.HeisalsothePrincipalCreativeAdvisorforWaltDisneyImagineering.HehaswontwoAcademyAwards,forAnimatedShortFilm(forTinToy),aswellasaSpecialAchievementAward(forToyStory).5/44LasseterbeganhiscareerasananimatorwithTheWaltDisneyCompany.AfterbeingfiredfromDisneyforpromotingcomputeranimation,hejoinedLucasfilm,whereheworkedonthethen-groundbreakinguseofCGIanimation.TheGraphicsGroupoftheComputerDivisionofLucasfilmwassoldtoSteveJobsandbecamePixarin1986.LasseteroverseesallofPixar'sfilmsandassociatedprojectsasexecutiveproducer.Inaddition,hedirectedToyStory(1995),ABug'sLife(1998),ToyStory2(1999),Cars(),andCars2().Since,healsooverseesallofWaltDisneyAnimationStudios'(anditsdivision,DisneyToonStudios')filmsandassociatedprojectsasexecutiveproducer.CGI：computergraphicsinterface電腦圖像界面6/44StevenJobsAfterapowerstrugglewiththeboardofdirectorsin1985,JobsleftAppleandfoundedNeXT,acomputerplatformdevelopmentcompanyspecializinginthehigher-educationandbusinessmarkets.In1986,heacquiredthecomputergraphicsdivisionofLucasfilm,whichwasspunoffasPixar.7/44DreamWorksAnimationSKG夢工廠動畫工作室8/44WaltDisney(迪士尼）MickeyMouseSnowWhiteandSevenDwafsSleepingBeautyBeautyandtheBeast9/44MajorworksEnglishnameChinesenameShowtime1、【ToyStory】玩具總動員1995.11.222、【ABug‘sLife】蟲蟲危機1998.11.273、【ToyStory2】玩具總動員21999.11.244、【Monsters,Inc】怪物企業(yè).11.25、【FindingNemo】海底總動員.5.306、【TheIncredibles】超人總動員.11.57、【Cars】汽車總動員.6.98、【Ratatouille】美食總動員.6.299、【W(wǎng)ALL·E】機器人總動員.6.2710、【Up】飛屋周游記.5.2911、【ToyStory3】玩具總動員3.6.1812、【Cars2】汽車總動員.6.2413、【Brave】勇敢傳說.6.19

10/44OscarBestAnimationAward

(奧斯卡最正確動畫長片獎)【FindingNemo】海底總動員.5.30【TheIncredibles】超人總動員.11.5【Ratatouille】美食總動員.6.29【W(wǎng)ALL·E】機器人總動員.6.27【Up】飛屋周游記.5.29【ToyStory3】玩具總動員3.6.1811/44cvv12/4413/4414/4415/4416/4417/4418/4419/4420/44Questions:WhyisPixarsosuccessfulasananimationstudio?What’sthecorporatecultureofPixar?WhatisthepeercultureinPixar?

21/44Discussion:“Ifyougiveagoodideatoamediocreteam,theywillscrewitup;ifyougiveamediocreideatoagreatteam,theywilleitherfixitorthrowitawayandcomeupwithsomethingthatworks?”–EdCatmull

Doyouagreewithit?Why?22/44TextAnalysispart1para.1-para.3para.1Almostalwaysthere’sa50/50split,whichhasastoundedmebecauseIcouldn’tdisagreemorewiththestudioexecutive.

astound:shock

23/44para.2Andinmakingthesefilms,wehavecontinuedtopushthetechnologicalboundariesofcomputeranimation,securingdozensofpatentsintheprocess.在這些電影制作過程中，我們不停擴展著電腦動畫技術疆域，也由此取得了大量專利。24/44secure

V

Ifyousecuresomethingthatyouwantorneed,youobtainit,oftenafteralotofeffort.爭取到

Federalleaderscontinuedtheireffortstosecureaceasefire.

聯(lián)邦政府領導人們繼續(xù)他們爭取?；鹋?。25/44Para.3WhileI'mnotfoolishenoughtopredictthatwewillneverhaveaflop,Idon'tthinkoursuccessislargelyluck.我沒有蠢到預言說我們永遠不會失敗，不過我也不認為我們成功只是因為運氣好。flop:completefailure26/44para.3Wemustconstantlychallengeallofourassumptionsandsearchfortheflawsthatcoulddestroyourculture.flaw:mistake27/44part2para.4-8Whatiscreativitycreativityisacollectiveeffort.Creativitymeanswehavetoputourselvesatgreatriskinsteadofavoidingrisk.Examplestoprovethispoint?28/44para.4Theinitialideaforthemovie—whatpeopleinthemoviebusinesscall“thehighconcept”—ismerelyonestepinalong,arduousprocessthattakesfourtofiveyears.arduous:difficultanarduoustaskanarduousworkeranarduouswinterarduouspaths

29/44para.5It’slikeanarchaeologicaldigwhereyoudon’tknowwhatyou’relookingfororwhetheryouwillevenfindanything.Theprocessisdownrightscary.這就像是在你不知道自己在找什么甚至不確定你能否有任何收獲情況下來做考古挖掘。整個過程都要非常小心翼翼。30/44para.7Ifyouwanttobeorginal,youhavetoaccepttheuncertanity,evenwhenit'suncomfortable,andhavethecapabilitytorecoverwhenyourorganizationtakesabigriskandfails.31/44para.8Thattakestrustandrespect,whichweasmanagerscan'tmandate,theymustbeearnedovertime.這需要信賴和尊重，這是我們作為管理者無法強制；它得靠時間來養(yǎng)成。mandatev.授權，命令32/44para.8Whatwecandoisconstructanenvironmentthatnurturestrustingandrespectfulrelationshipsandunleasheseveryone’screativity.我們能做只是建立一個能培養(yǎng)信賴和尊重人際關系以及發(fā)揮每個人創(chuàng)造力環(huán)境。unleashleashv.束縛，用皮帶綁住33/44Ifwegetthatright,theresultisavibrantcommunitywheretalentedpeopleareloyaltooneanotherandtheircollectivework,everyonefeelsthattheyarepartofsomethingextraordinary,andtheirpassionandaccomplishmentsmakethecommunityamagnetfortalentedpeoplecomingoutofschoolsorworkingatotherplaces.假如我們做得好，就能得到一個生機勃勃群體，在那里，有才華人們彼此忠誠也對這個集體忠誠，每個人都認為他們是一個出色團體一分子，他們熱情和成就讓這個集體能吸引到更多剛走出校門或者在別處工作人才。vibratev.振動vibrantadj.振動，充滿生氣34/44IknowwhatI’mdescribingistheantithesisofthefree-agencypracticesthatprevailinthemovieindustry,butthat’sthepoint:Ibelievethatcommunitymatters.我知道，我在這里所描述景象恰恰同整個電影產業(yè)里主流按合約合作情況完全相反，不過這正是我想說：我相信團體力量。prevailvi.盛行，流行；戰(zhàn)勝，獲勝Rickstillbelievesthatjusticewillprevail.prevailing35/44Part3para.9-22TheRootsofOurCultureSmarterpeoplearemoreimportantthangoodideas.EdCatmull'sexperieceattheUniversityofUtah,TheNewYorkInstituteofTechnologyandLucasfil

ToyStory236/44Accordingtotheauthor,whatarethelessonsofToyStory2?1.para.20Ittaughtusanimportantlessonabouttheprimacyofpeopleoverideas:Ifyougiveagoodideatoamediocreteam,theywillscrewitup;ifyougiveamediocreideatoagreatteam,theywilleitherfixitorthrowitawayandcomeupwithsomethingthatworks.它教給我們主要一課，人比想法更主要：假如你把一個好想法交給一支平庸隊伍，他們會把它搞砸；假如你把一個平庸想法交給一支出眾隊伍，他們要么能夠挽救它，要么會把它扔掉然后找出一些管用方法來。2.para.21Therehastobeonequalitybarforeveryfilmweproduce.

37/44primacy首位mediocre[,mi?d?'??k?]adj.平庸mediocrity[mi?d?'?kr?t?]n.38/44para.21Butbyrejectingmediocrityatgreatpainandpersonalsacrifice,wemadealoudstatementasacommunitythatitwasunacceptabletoproducesomegoodfilmsandsomemediocrefilms.AsaresultofToyStory2,itbecamedeeplyingrainedinourculturethateverythingwetouchneedstobeexcellent.不過在巨大艱辛和個人犧牲下，經(jīng)過防止平庸之作，我們得以作為一個集體響亮地表示出我們不能接收制作一些好電影和一些爛電影做法。作為《玩具總動員2》一個結果，每個我們經(jīng)手作品都必須保持出眾品質這種觀念開始在我們文化里根深蒂固。39/44Part4para.23-28