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試卷第=page11頁(yè),共=sectionpages33頁(yè)P(yáng)art1時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)(2024·上海寶山·二模)Fordecades,peoplehaveguessedthatartificialintelligence(AI)willeventuallyreplacehumanworkers.Butdevelopmentsinthepastfewyearshave1theseconcernsascompanieshavereleasedAIthatcananswerquestions,writearticlesandcreateimages.Now,evenpeopleincreativefieldsmustconsiderthe2ofAIreplacingthem.ButmanyexpertsstillinsistthattheseAIprogramsarenosubstituteforhumanability.AIprogramshavethe3toperformsometaskscurrentlyperformedbyhumanworkers.Theseincludemediajobs,suchaswritingadvertisementsandarticles,alongwithmanyjobsinthefinancialfieldsandeventech-relatedjobssuchascomputerprogramming.AIisgoodat4data,sofinancialanalystsandmarketresearchanalystsmayfindtheirjobs5.UsingAIforcertaintasksmaybeagoodthing.PerhapsAIwill6lessinterestingwork,allowingpeopletodomoresatisfyingjobs,justasearliertechnologieshave.Usingamachinetodolaundrysavestime7towashingclothesbyhand,andmanypeopleusethatextratimeproductively.8,AImaybeabletotakeoverdulltasks,liberatingpeopletobetrulycreative,sincethinkingupnewideasissomethingAIcannotdo.AnotherbigchallengeforAIishuman9.Mostpeopleprefertocommunicatewithhumansratherthanmachines.Hence,AIis10toreplacehumansforjobsthatrequirepersonalconnection,suchascounselingorteaching.Arobotcanperformtasks,butitcannot11careaboutothers,andsometimescareiswhatpeopleneed.AIcanprocessdataquickly,butitcanonlyusedatathatitisgiven.Soitcannotadapttosituationsthat12significantlyfromthoseinitsdata.Thus,althoughsomeAIprogramscancreatecontent,noneofthemcanbetrulycreativeasthecontentAIcreateswill13consistofsomecombinationofitssources.Finally,iftheAIreceivesfalseinformation,ithasnowayofrecognizingthatasfalse.Humanscanalsobefooled,butlifeexperiencecantellthemwhetheraclaimisreasonable,anabilitythatAIdoesnothave.14,AImustcontinuallybefact-checkedtomakesureitsdata,andthereforeitsconclusions,areaccurate.Thus,althoughAImayreplacesomejobs,othersrequireahuman15.AtbestAImayeliminatecertainboringpartsoftaskssothathumanscanfocusonthingsthatonlytheycando.1.A.denied B.prevented C.transferred D.intensified2.A.function B.possibility C.capability D.character3.A.potential B.schedule C.objective D.a(chǎn)mbition4.A.searching B.providing C.a(chǎn)nalyzing D.storing5.A.a(chǎn)trisk B.a(chǎn)twork C.a(chǎn)tlast D.a(chǎn)tleast6.A.bringover B.getover C.turnover D.takeover7.A.wasted B.compared C.consumed D.spared8.A.However B.Therefore C.Similarly D.Meanwhile9.A.interaction B.resource C.resistance D.creativity10.A.unwilling B.unlikely C.unfair D.unfortunate11.A.deeply B.a(chǎn)ccurately C.directly D.genuinely12.A.evolve B.range C.differ D.result13.A.inevitably B.immediately C.insignificantly D.improbably14.A.Frequently B.Generally C.Instantly D.Consequently15.A.nature B.need C.touch D.permission【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.C5.A6.D7.B8.C9.A10.B11.D12.C13.A14.D15.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了人工智能的發(fā)展,它在某些領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用,但是人工智能并不能完全取代人類。1.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:但隨著公司發(fā)布了可以問答問題、撰寫文章和創(chuàng)建圖像的人工智能,過去幾年的發(fā)展加劇了這些擔(dān)憂。A.denied否認(rèn);B.prevented阻止;C.transferred轉(zhuǎn)移;D.intensified強(qiáng)化。根據(jù)下文“theseconcernsascompanieshavereleasedAIthatcananswerquestions,writearticlesandcreateimages.Now,evenpeopleincreativefieldsmustconsiderthe2ofAIreplacingthem.ButmanyexpertsstillinsistthattheseAIprogramsarenosubstituteforhumanability.(這些擔(dān)憂是因?yàn)楣疽呀?jīng)發(fā)布了可以回答問題、撰寫文章和創(chuàng)建圖像的人工智能?,F(xiàn)在,即使是創(chuàng)意領(lǐng)域的人也必須考慮人工智能的___2___取代他們。但許多專家仍然堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,這些人工智能程序不能替代人類的能力。)”可知,過去幾年人工智能的發(fā)展加劇了這些擔(dān)憂。故選D項(xiàng)。2.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:現(xiàn)在,即使是創(chuàng)意領(lǐng)域的人也必須考慮人工智能取代他們的可能性。A.function功能;B.possibility可能性;C.capability能力;D.character性格。根據(jù)上文“Fordecades,peoplehaveguessedthatartificialintelligence(AI)willeventuallyreplacehumanworkers.(幾十年來(lái),人們一直猜測(cè)人工智能(AI)最終將取代人類工人。)”及下文“ButmanyexpertsstillinsistthattheseAIprogramsarenosubstituteforhumanability.(但許多專家仍然堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,這些人工智能程序不能替代人類的能力。)”可知,此處表示考慮人工智能取代他們的可能性。故選B項(xiàng)。3.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:人工智能程序有潛力執(zhí)行目前由人類工作者執(zhí)行的一些任務(wù)。A.potential潛力;B.schedule時(shí)間表;C.objective目標(biāo);D.ambition雄心壯志。根據(jù)下文“toperformsometaskscurrentlyperformedbyhumanworkers.”可知,人工智能程序有潛力之行目前由人類工作者執(zhí)行的一些任務(wù)。故選A項(xiàng)。4.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:人工智能擅長(zhǎng)分析數(shù)據(jù),因此金融分析師和市場(chǎng)研究分析師可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的工作面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。A.searching搜索;B.providing提供;C.analyzing分析;D.storing儲(chǔ)存。根據(jù)下文“sofinancialanalystsandmarketresearchanalystsmayfindtheirjobs”可知,人工智能擅長(zhǎng)分析數(shù)據(jù)。故選C項(xiàng)。5.考查介詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意:人工智能擅長(zhǎng)分析數(shù)據(jù),因此金融分析師和市場(chǎng)研究分析師可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的工作面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。A.atrisk有風(fēng)險(xiǎn);B.atwork在工作中;C.atlast最后;D.atleast至少。根據(jù)“AIisgoodat4data,sofinancialanalystsandmarketresearchanalystsmayfindtheirjobs”可知,因?yàn)槿斯ぶ悄苌瞄L(zhǎng)分析數(shù)據(jù),因此金融分析師和市場(chǎng)研究分析師可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的工作面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。6.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意:也許人工智能將接管不太有趣的工作,讓人們做更令人滿意的工作,就像早期的技術(shù)一樣。A.bringover反過來(lái);B.getover克服;C.turnover翻轉(zhuǎn);D.takeover接管。根據(jù)下文“AImaybeabletotakeoverdulltasks”可知,也許人工智能將接管不太有趣的工作。故選D項(xiàng)。7.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:與手工洗衣服相比,使用洗衣機(jī)洗衣服節(jié)省了時(shí)間,許多人有效地利用了額外的時(shí)間。A.wasted浪費(fèi);B.compared比較;C.consumed消耗;D.spared節(jié)省。根據(jù)“Usingamachinetodolaundrysavestime7towashingclothesbyhand”可知,與手工洗衣服相比,使用洗衣機(jī)洗衣服節(jié)省了時(shí)間。故選B項(xiàng)。8.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:同樣,人工智能可能能夠接管枯燥的任務(wù),解放人們真正的創(chuàng)造力,因?yàn)樗伎夹孪敕ㄊ侨斯ぶ悄軣o(wú)法做到的。A.However然而;B.Therefore因此;C.Similarly同樣;D.Meanwhile同時(shí)。根據(jù)“Usingamachinetodolaundrysavestime7towashingclothesbyhand,andmanypeopleusethatextratimeproductively.8,AImaybeabletotakeoverdulltasks,liberatingpeopletobetrulycreative,sincethinkingupnewideasissomethingAIcannotdo.”可知,上文用手工洗衣服和洗衣機(jī)做例子,本句中以人工智能代替枯燥的任務(wù)為例,都是同樣的接管枯燥工作,故選C項(xiàng)。9.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:人工智能面臨的另一大挑戰(zhàn)是人類互動(dòng)。A.interaction互動(dòng);B.resource資源;C.resistance阻力;D.creativity創(chuàng)造力。根據(jù)下文“Mostpeopleprefertocommunicatewithhumansratherthanmachines.”可知,人工智能面臨的另一大挑戰(zhàn)是人類互動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)。10.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:因此,人工智能不太可能取代人類從事需要個(gè)人聯(lián)系的工作,如咨詢或教學(xué)。A.unwilling不情愿的;B.unlikely不太可能的;C.unfair不公平的;D.unfortunate不幸的。根據(jù)上文“Mostpeopleprefertocommunicatewithhumansratherthanmachines.”可知,可知,人工智能不太可能取代人類從事需要個(gè)人聯(lián)系的工作。故選B項(xiàng)。11.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:機(jī)器人可以執(zhí)行任務(wù),但它不能真心地關(guān)心他人,有時(shí)關(guān)心的是人們需要什么。A.deeply深地;B.accurately準(zhǔn)確地;C.directly直接地;D.genuinely真誠(chéng)地。根據(jù)下文“sometimescareiswhatpeopleneed.”可知,機(jī)器人可以執(zhí)行任務(wù),但它不能真心地關(guān)心他人。故選D項(xiàng)。12.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:因此,它無(wú)法適應(yīng)與其數(shù)據(jù)中的情況有顯著差異的情況。A.evolve進(jìn)化;B.range排列;C.differ有區(qū)別;D.result伴隨而來(lái)。根據(jù)“AIcanprocessdataquickly,butitcanonlyusedatathatitisgiven.(人工智能可以快速處理數(shù)據(jù),但它只能使用給定的數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知,人工智能無(wú)法適應(yīng)與其數(shù)據(jù)中的情況有顯著差異的情況,differfrom固定搭配,意為“與……不同”。故選C項(xiàng)。13.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:因此,盡管一些人工智能程序可以創(chuàng)建內(nèi)容,但沒有一個(gè)程序是真正有創(chuàng)意的,因?yàn)槿斯ぶ悄軇?chuàng)建的內(nèi)容將不可避免地由其來(lái)源的某種組合組成。A.inevitably不可避免地;B.immediately立即;C.insignificantly微不足道地;D.improbably不可能。根據(jù)“AIprogramscancreatecontent,noneofthemcanbetrulycreativeasthecontentAIcreateswill13consistofsomecombinationofitssources.”可知,人工智能創(chuàng)建的內(nèi)容是由其來(lái)源組合而成,這是不可避免的,故選A項(xiàng)。14.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:因此,人工智能必須不斷進(jìn)行事實(shí)核查,以確保其數(shù)據(jù)以及結(jié)論是準(zhǔn)確的。A.Frequently經(jīng)常;B.Generally一般;C.Instantly立即;D.Consequently因此。根據(jù)下文“AImustcontinuallybefact-checkedtomakesureitsdata,andthereforeitsconclusions,areaccurate.”可知,此處表示“因果關(guān)系”,故選D項(xiàng)。15.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:因此,盡管人工智能可能會(huì)取代一些工作,但其他工作則需要人情味。A.nature性質(zhì);B.need需要;C.touch觸摸;D.permission許可。根據(jù)“althoughAImayreplacesomejobs,othersrequireahuman15”可知,AI會(huì)取代一些工作,但是一些工作還是需要人情味,humantouch為固定短語(yǔ),表示“人情味,人性化”,故選C項(xiàng)。(2024·江蘇南通·模擬預(yù)測(cè))ForalittlegirlgrowingupinColombiainthe1980s,asciencecareerwithNASAmayhaveseemedlikesettingfootonafarawayplanet.16,DianaTrujillhasmadeit—sheisa(n)17now,leadinga45-personteamthat’sresponsiblefortheroboticarmofthelatestMarsrover.Bornin1983,evenasayounggirl,Dianawascertainofherpassionforscience.Whenshewas17,herdadofferedtosendhertoMiami,FloridatostudyAerospaceEngineering.Withoutany18,shefollowedherdad’s19.ArrivingintheU.S.withjust$300,Trujillohadto20throughschoolbydoingaseriesofhousekeepingjobs.The21wasdefinitelynoteasy,butTrujillonevercomplained.Thencameanother22momentforTrujillo.Oneofherprofessorscasuallymentionedanastronauttheywereacquaintedwith.23shewas“justonepersonawayfromknowinganastronaut”wasallittookto24Trujillo’scareergoals.Soshe25herstudiesinspacescienceand26becamethefirstHispanic(拉丁裔的)womantobeadmittedtotheNASAAcademyin2007.Sincethen,TrujillohaswornmanyhatsatAmerica’sspaceagency.ButDianahasn’t27there.Shealsoleadsbyexample,28womentopursuecareersinSTEMfields.Herownstoryisa29thatjustbeyondthatbarrierliesanentireuniverseofopportunitieswaitingforanyonewillingtoworkhardenoughto30thestars.16.A.Therefore B.Instead C.However D.Moreover17.A.a(chǎn)stronaut B.engineer C.pilot D.doctor18.A.hesitation B.complaint C.expectation D.promise19.A.command B.footstep C.request D.suggestion20.A.go B.pass C.struggle D.push21.A.mission B.career C.a(chǎn)dventure D.process22.A.risk-taking B.life-changing C.time-consuming D.energy-saving23.A.Realizing B.Remembering C.Imagining D.Assuming24.A.record B.share C.inspire D.finish25.A.started B.a(chǎn)bandoned C.suspended D.continued26.A.immediately B.eventually C.gradually D.suddenly27.A.left B.succeeded C.stopped D.reached28.A.encouraging B.promising C.a(chǎn)llowing D.persuading29.A.symbol B.notice C.warning D.reminder30.A.stareat B.reachfor C.longfor D.comeafter【答案】16.C17.B18.A19.D20.C21.D22.B23.A24.C25.D26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了哥倫比亞長(zhǎng)大的DianaTrujill克服重重困難,成為了美國(guó)宇航局的一名工程師,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著團(tuán)隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)火星探測(cè)器的機(jī)械臂的故事。16.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,DianaTrujill做到了——她現(xiàn)在是一名工程師,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著一個(gè)45人的團(tuán)隊(duì),負(fù)責(zé)最新火星探測(cè)器的機(jī)械臂。A.Therefore因此;B.Instead相反;C.However然而;D.Moreover此外。根據(jù)上文“ForalittlegirlgrowingupinColombiainthe1980s,asciencecareerwithNASAmayhaveseemedlikesettingfootonafarawayplanet.”和下文“DianaTrujillhasmadeit”可知,對(duì)于DianaTrujill這樣身份的女性來(lái)說,在美國(guó)宇航局從事科學(xué)事業(yè)是不可及的事情,但她卻做到了,上下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,應(yīng)用However“然而”銜接。故選C。17.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,DianaTrujill做到了——她現(xiàn)在是一名工程師,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著一個(gè)45人的團(tuán)隊(duì),負(fù)責(zé)最新火星探測(cè)器的機(jī)械臂。A.astronaut宇航員;B.engineer工程師;C.pilot飛行員;D.doctor醫(yī)生。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)eadinga45-personteamthat’sresponsiblefortheroboticarmofthelatestMarsrover”“tostudyAerospaceEngineering”可知,DianaTrujill領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著團(tuán)隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)最新火星探測(cè)器的機(jī)械臂,而且學(xué)的是航空航天工程,因此她應(yīng)該是一名工程師。故選B。18.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她毫不猶豫地聽從了父親的建議。A.hesitation猶豫;B.complaint抱怨;C.expectation期望;D.promise承諾。根據(jù)上文“Bornin1983,evenasayounggirl,Dianawascertainofherpassionforscience.”可知,還是個(gè)小女孩的時(shí)候,Diana就對(duì)科學(xué)充滿了熱情,因此她會(huì)毫不猶豫地接受父親提出的想法,固定短語(yǔ)withouthesitation意為“毫不猶豫地”。故選A。19.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她毫不猶豫地聽從了父親的建議。A.command命令;B.footstep腳步;C.request請(qǐng)求;D.suggestion建議。根據(jù)上文“herdadofferedtosendhertoMiami,FloridatostudyAerospaceEngineering”可知,此處指父親提出的送她去學(xué)習(xí)航空航天工程的建議。故選D。20.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:剛到美國(guó)時(shí)身上只有300美元,Trujill不得不通過做一系列家政工作來(lái)艱難地完成學(xué)業(yè)。A.go去;B.pass通過;C.struggle掙扎;D.push推動(dòng)。根據(jù)上文“withjust$300”和“bydoingaseriesofhousekeepingjobs”可知,Trujill當(dāng)時(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)比較困難,得做很多家政工作來(lái)賺錢,由此可知,她是艱難地完成了學(xué)業(yè),固定短語(yǔ)strugglethrough意為“艱難地度過”。故選C。21.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這個(gè)過程絕對(duì)不容易,但Trujill從不抱怨。A.mission任務(wù);B.career職業(yè);C.adventure冒險(xiǎn);D.process過程。根據(jù)上文“ArrivingintheU.S.withjust$300,Trujillohadto___5___throughschoolbydoingaseriesofhousekeepingjobs.”可知,此處指Trujill通過打工賺錢來(lái)完成學(xué)業(yè)的過程。故選D。22.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:接著,Trujill又經(jīng)歷了另一個(gè)改變?nèi)松臅r(shí)刻。A.risk-taking冒險(xiǎn)的;B.life-changing改變?nèi)松模籆.time-consuming耗時(shí)的;D.energy-saving節(jié)能的。根據(jù)下文“___8___shewas“justonepersonawayfromknowinganastronaut”wasallittookto___9___Trujillo’scareergoals.”可知,Trujill由此更堅(jiān)定地追求自己的職業(yè)目標(biāo),因此是經(jīng)歷了另一個(gè)改變?nèi)松臅r(shí)刻。故選B。23.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:意識(shí)到自己“離認(rèn)識(shí)宇航員只有一個(gè)人的距離”,這激勵(lì)了Trujill的職業(yè)目標(biāo)。A.Realizing意識(shí)到;B.Remembering記住;C.Imagining想象;D.Assuming假定。根據(jù)上文“Oneofherprofessorscasuallymentionedanastronauttheywereacquaintedwith.”和下文“shewas“justonepersonawayfromknowinganastronaut””可推知,教授不經(jīng)意提到的事情讓她意識(shí)到了自己離認(rèn)識(shí)宇航員其實(shí)很近。故選A。24.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:意識(shí)到自己“離認(rèn)識(shí)宇航員只有一個(gè)人的距離”,這激勵(lì)了Trujill的職業(yè)目標(biāo)。A.record記錄;B.share分享;C.inspire激勵(lì);D.finish完成。根據(jù)上文“shewas“justonepersonawayfromknowinganastronaut””可知,自己離認(rèn)識(shí)宇航員其實(shí)很近這樣的想法會(huì)激勵(lì)Trujill的職業(yè)目標(biāo),讓她繼續(xù)努力學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。25.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:因此,她繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)空間科學(xué),并最終在2007年成為第一位被美國(guó)宇航局學(xué)院錄取的西班牙裔女性。A.started開始;B.abandoned放棄;C.suspended暫停;D.continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)上文“tostudyAerospaceEngineering”和下文“becamethefirstHispanic(拉丁裔的)womantobeadmittedtotheNASAAcademyin2007”可知,Trujill一開始學(xué)的就是空間科學(xué)相關(guān)的專業(yè),后來(lái)她真的被美國(guó)宇航局學(xué)院錄取了,因此她是繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)專業(yè)。故選D。26.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:因此,她繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)空間科學(xué),并最終在2007年成為第一位被美國(guó)宇航局學(xué)院錄取的西班牙裔女性。A.immediately立即地;B.eventually最終地;C.gradually逐漸地;D.suddenly突然地。根據(jù)上文敘述的Trujill克服經(jīng)濟(jì)困難,努力完成學(xué)業(yè),以及在教授不經(jīng)意提到的事情的啟發(fā)下,繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)可推知,此處指這個(gè)過程的結(jié)局是她最終成為第一位被美國(guó)宇航局學(xué)院錄取的西班牙裔女性。故選B。27.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:但Diana并沒有就此止步。A.left離開;B.succeeded成功;C.stopped停止;D.reached到達(dá)。根據(jù)下文“Shealsoleadsbyexample”可知,Diana還做了其他的事情,因此是并沒有就此停止。故選C。28.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:她還以身作則,鼓勵(lì)女性在STEM領(lǐng)域從事工作。A.encouraging鼓勵(lì);B.promising承諾;C.allowing允許;D.persuading勸說。根據(jù)上文“Shealsoleadsbyexample”可知,Diana在以身作則,因此是通過自己的故事來(lái)鼓勵(lì)女性在STEM領(lǐng)域從事工作。故選A。29.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她自己的故事提醒我們,在這個(gè)障礙之外,整個(gè)宇宙的機(jī)會(huì)都在等待著任何愿意努力工作去摘星星的人。A.symbol象征;B.notice通知;C.warning警告;D.reminder提醒。根據(jù)上文敘述的在哥倫比亞長(zhǎng)大的DianaTrujill克服重重困難,成為了美國(guó)宇航局的一名工程師可推知,她的故事給予我們的是正面的提醒,告訴我們努力可以助力實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。故選D。30.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:她自己的故事提醒我們,在這個(gè)障礙之外,整個(gè)宇宙的機(jī)會(huì)都在等待著任何愿意努力工作去摘星星的人。A.stareat盯著;B.reachfor伸手夠;C.longfor渴望;D.comeafter跟隨。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)iesanentireuniverseofopportunitieswaitingforanyonewillingtoworkhardenoughto”可推知,此處是用Trujill追尋太空夢(mèng)的故事激勵(lì)追尋夢(mèng)想的人,想要伸手去夠星星的人,只要努力工作,就有大量的機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。故選B。Part2人與自我(2024·遼寧·模擬預(yù)測(cè))Myschoolholidayroutineusuallyinvolvessleepingin,butonemorning,Iwokeupearlyfornoparticularreason.Withnothingtodo,Idecidedto31glanceoutofmywindowattheparkinglotbelow,butunexpectedlywitnessedsomethingthatgreatly32mylife.AsI33peoplecomingandgoing,gettingintotheircarsanddrivingaway,myattentionwasdrawntoa(n)34manbusywashingandcleaningthecarsnearabicyclewithabucketattachedtoits35.Thedampground36thathemusthavestartedhisworkquiteearly.Hewasjustsimplydressed.However,therewasa37senseofprideinthewayhewentabouthistasks—cleaningonewindowatatime,38toadmirehiswork,andrepeatingtheprocess.Heseemeddevotedtohissmallbusiness,happily39atpassers-byandoccasionallystoppingtochatwithotheroldfolksheadingtothenearbymarket.40hissimplelife,heappearedcontent.Thisincidentmademereconsidermy41.Ifwearewillingtoworkhard,42shouldnotbeabarriertoearningaliving.Ifeltashamedand43whencomparedwithhim.It44methatatanyage,weshouldmakethemostoftimeand45thevalueofhardwork.31.A.gradually B.causally C.constantly D.regularly32.A.a(chǎn)ttracted B.disturbed C.touched D.impacted33.A.observed B.recognized C.felt D.heard34.A.a(chǎn)dult B.young C.elderly D.poor35.A.bicycle B.handle C.wheel D.seat36.A.explained B.concluded C.indicated D.described37.A.slight B.visible C.hidden D.possible38.A.backingoff B.steppingforward C.takingover D.showingup39.A.pointing B.looking C.laughing D.waving40.A.Dueto B.Accordingto C.Inspiteof D.Inviewof41.A.a(chǎn)ttitude B.principle C.identity D.standard42.A.sex B.a(chǎn)ge C.character D.position43.A.grateful B.sympathetic C.exhausted D.guilty44.A.confused B.informed C.warned D.struck45.A.predict B.reflect C.a(chǎn)ppreciate D.convince【答案】31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B36.C37.B38.A39.D40.C41.A42.B43.D44.D45.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。這篇文章主要講述了作者偶然早起的一天,他從窗戶上看到一個(gè)勤勞的老人正在清洗汽車,并且通過這個(gè)老人的堅(jiān)持和努力,讓作者重新思考了自己對(duì)生活的態(tài)度。文章以老人的榜樣啟發(fā)讀者珍惜時(shí)間、努力工作,并認(rèn)識(shí)到年齡不應(yīng)是賺錢的障礙。31.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:無(wú)事可做,我決定隨便看看窗外樓下的停車場(chǎng),但意外地目睹了一些對(duì)我的生活產(chǎn)生重大影響的事情。A.gradually逐漸地;B.causally隨意地;C.constantly不斷地;D.regularly定期地。根據(jù)“Withnothingtodo,”可知,作者無(wú)事可做,因此隨意地向樓下看去。故選B。32.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:同上。A.attracted吸引;B.disturbed打擾;C.touched感動(dòng);D.impacted影響。根據(jù)“mylife”以及后文“It

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methatatanyage,weshouldmakethemostoftimeand

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thevalueofhardwork.”可知,作者意外地目睹事情,對(duì)作者的生活產(chǎn)生重大影響的事情。故選D。33.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我看到人們來(lái)來(lái)往往,鉆進(jìn)汽車又開走時(shí),我的注意力被一位老人吸引住了,他在一輛自行車旁忙著洗車,自行車的把手上掛著一個(gè)水桶。A.observed觀察;B.recognized認(rèn)識(shí)到;C.felt感受到;D.heard聽到。根據(jù)“peoplecomingandgoing,gettingintotheircarsanddrivingaway”可知,作者站在樓上看到了人來(lái)人往。故選A。34.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:同上。A.adult成年的;B.young年輕的;C.elderly年長(zhǎng)的;D.poor貧窮的。根據(jù)“It

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methatatanyage,weshouldmakethemostoftimeand

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thevalueofhardwork.”可知,作者通過看到樓下的發(fā)生的事情,讓作者明白到年齡不應(yīng)是賺錢的障礙,因此作者看到的是一位老人。故選C。35.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:同上。A.bicycle自行車;B.handle把手;C.wheel輪子;D.seat座位。根據(jù)“withabucketattachedto”可知,有一桶水掛在自行車把手上。故選B。36.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:潮濕的地面表明他一定很早就開始工作了。A.explained解釋;B.concluded得出結(jié)論;C.indicated表明;D.described描述。根據(jù)“Thedampground”可知,潮濕的地面表明他一定很早就開始工作了。故選C。37.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,他做事的方式卻有一種明顯的自豪感——一次擦一扇窗戶,然后退后欣賞自己的工作,然后重復(fù)這個(gè)過程。A.slight輕微的;B.visible可見的,明顯的;C.hidden隱藏的;D.possible可能的。根據(jù)“AsI

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peoplecomingandgoing,”可知,老人工作的過程是作者看到的,他工作體現(xiàn)出的自豪感是很明顯能夠看得出來(lái)的。故選B。38.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:同上。A.backingoff退縮,后退;B.steppingforward邁出一步;C.takingover接管;D.showingup出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“toadmirehiswork”可知,老人一次擦一扇窗戶,然后退后欣賞自己的工作。故選A。39.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他似乎專注于自己的小生意,愉快地向路人揮手,偶爾停下來(lái)與其他前往附近市場(chǎng)的老人聊天。A.pointing指向;B.looking看著;C.laughing笑;D.waving揮手。根據(jù)“occasionallystoppingtochatwithotheroldfolksheadingtothenearbymarket”可知,老人愉快地向路人揮手,偶爾停下來(lái)與其他前往附近市場(chǎng)的老人聊天。故選D。40.考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:盡管生活簡(jiǎn)樸,他卻顯得很滿足。A.Dueto由于;B.Accordingto根據(jù);C.Inspiteof盡管;D.Inviewof鑒于。根據(jù)“heappearedcontent”可知,盡管生活簡(jiǎn)樸,他卻顯得很滿足。故選C。41.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這件事使我重新考慮我的態(tài)度。A.attitude態(tài)度;B.principle原則;C.identity身份;D.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)“Ifwearewillingtoworkhard,12shouldnotbeabarriertoearningaliving.”可知,通過這件事,讓作者明白到如果我們?cè)敢馀ぷ?,年齡不應(yīng)該成為謀生的障礙,由此使作者重新考慮自己對(duì)于人生的態(tài)度。故選A。42.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:如果我們?cè)敢馀ぷ鳎挲g不應(yīng)該成為謀生的障礙。A.sex性別;B.age年齡;C.character性格;D.position職位。根據(jù)“It

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methatatanyage,weshouldmakethemostoftimeand

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thevalueofhardwork.”可知,作者明白到如果我們?cè)敢馀ぷ?,年齡不應(yīng)該成為謀生的障礙。故選B。43.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:與他相比,我感到羞愧和內(nèi)疚。A.grateful感激的;B.sympathetic同情的;C.exhausted精疲力竭的;D.guilty內(nèi)疚的。根據(jù)“ashamed”可知,與他相比,作者感到羞愧和內(nèi)疚。故選D。44.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:這讓我想到,不論年齡,我們都應(yīng)該充分利用時(shí)間,珍視努力工作的價(jià)值。A.confused使困惑;B.informed通知;C.warned警告;D.struck敲擊,突然想到。根據(jù)“thatatanyage,weshouldmakethemostoftimeand

___15___

thevalueofhardwork.”可知,讓作者這想到的是:不論年齡,我們都應(yīng)該充分利用時(shí)間,珍視努力工作的價(jià)值。故選D。45.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:同上。A.predict預(yù)測(cè);B.reflect反映;C.appreciate欣賞;D.convince說服。根據(jù)“thevalueofhardwork.”可知,作者認(rèn)為不論年齡,我們都應(yīng)該充分利用時(shí)間,珍視努力工作的價(jià)值。故選C。(2024·陜西西安·模擬預(yù)測(cè))Wemayhaveheardthatit’snevertoolatetopursueyourdreams.Now,aman46thattobetruebyachievinghislifelong47after84years.Earlierthisyear,101-year-oldMerrillPittmanCooper48hishighschooldiplomaduringasurprisegraduation49.Hisfamilyworkedwithlocalschoolofficialsto50thecelebration.CooperattendedStorerCollegefrom1934to1938,butlifecondition51himfromfinishingschoolandearninghis52.Withouthisfatheraround,hismotherworkedasalive-inhousekeeperinorderto53hisschooltuitionandboard,butthatwasn’t54.Afterrealizinghismothercouldn’t55tomakethefinaltuitionpaymentforhissenioryear,theteen56hertomovethemtoPhiladelphiatobeclosertoherfamily.InPhiladelphia,Cooperworkedtohelphismotherpaythebillsandhewas57asacitytrolley(有軌電車)caroperatorin1945.Thatjobledhimtoalongand58careerintransportationwherehe59becamepresidentofthelocalunioninPennsylvaniaandlatervicepresidentoftheInternationalTransportWorkersUnioninNewYorkCity.Butdespitesuchasuccessful60,healwaysregrettednotgraduatingandgettinghishighschooldiploma.Butnow,after84years,Cooperwas61abletoseehislifelongdreamcometrue.Hisfamilygottheideato62himwiththehonoraryhighschooldiploma.Coopercouldhardly63histearswhenhediscoveredtheirplan.ThewholethingwasadreamcometrueforCooper,whonow64hisdiplomaproudlyfromitsperch(棲息處)onhisbedroomdresser.“Ican’tthinkofa65day,”saystheinspiring101-year-oldman.“I’mreallyhappytohaveit.”46.A.proved B.found C.provided D.counted47.A.habit B.belief C.goal D.challenge48.A.caught B.received C.left D.opened49.A.donation B.sport C.meeting D.ceremony50.A.a(chǎn)rrange B.cancel C.expect D.change51.A.saved B.prevented C.rescued D.protected52.A.degree B.fame C.diploma D.living53.A.show B.offer C.buy D.pay54.A.enough B.meaningful C.inspiring D.reasonable55.A.refuse B.a(chǎn)fford C.choose D.hope56.A.ordered B.forced C.encouraged D.promised57.A.a(chǎn)ppointed B.treated C.voted D.hired58.A.boring B.fruitful C.sincere D.a(chǎn)nnoying59.A.eventually B.eagerly C.thoroughly D.frequently60.A.experience B.a(chǎn)dventure C.career D.hobby61.A.immediately B.finally C.a(chǎn)ctually D.a(chǎn)bsolutely62.A.shock B.disappoint C.interest D.surprise63.A.comeacross B.wipeout C.holdback D.cheerup64.A.displays B.reaches C.demonstrates D.cares65.A.calmer B.warmer C.richer D.happier【答案】46.A47.C48.B49.D50.A51.B52.C53.D54.A55.B56.C57.D58.B59.A60.C61.B62.D63.C64.A65.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了新澤西州101歲的MerrillPittmanCooper實(shí)現(xiàn)了80多年前的夢(mèng)想——獲得了高中畢業(yè)證書,告訴我們追求夢(mèng)想永遠(yuǎn)都不晚。46.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:現(xiàn)在,一名男子在84歲后實(shí)現(xiàn)了他的終身目標(biāo),證明了這一點(diǎn)。A.proved證明;B.found發(fā)現(xiàn);C.provided提供;D.counted數(shù)數(shù),重要。根據(jù)上文“Wemayhaveheardthatit’snevertoolatetopursueyourdreams.”和下文“Butnow,after84years,Cooperwas____16____abletoseehislifelongdreamcometrue.”可知,MerrillPittmanCooper實(shí)現(xiàn)了80多年前的夢(mèng)想這件事證明了追求夢(mèng)想永遠(yuǎn)都不晚這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。故選A。47.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.habit習(xí)慣;B.belief信念;C.goal目標(biāo);D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)上文“Wemayhaveheardthatit’snevertoolatetopursueyourdreams.”可知,此處指這名84歲的男子實(shí)現(xiàn)了夢(mèng)想,即,目標(biāo)。故選C。48.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:今年早些時(shí)候,101歲的梅里爾·皮特曼·庫(kù)珀在一個(gè)令人驚喜的畢業(yè)典禮上獲得了高中畢業(yè)證書。A.caught抓??;B.received接收;C.left離開;D.opened打開。根據(jù)“hishighschooldiploma”可知,庫(kù)珀獲得了畢業(yè)證書。故選B。49.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.donation捐贈(zèng);B.sport運(yùn)動(dòng);C.meeting會(huì)議;D.ceremony典禮。根據(jù)“Hisfamilyworkedwithlocalschoolofficialsto____5____thecelebration.”可知,這里的慶?;顒?dòng)指畢業(yè)典禮。故選D。50.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他的家人與當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校官員一起安排了慶祝活動(dòng)。A.arrange安排;B.cancel取消;C.expect期待;D.change改變。根據(jù)下文“Hisfamilygottheideato____17____himwiththehonoraryhighschooldiploma.”可知,他的家人與當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校官員安排了這次慶?;顒?dòng)。故選A。51.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:庫(kù)珀從1934年到1938年就讀于斯托弗學(xué)院,但生活狀況使他無(wú)法完成學(xué)業(yè)并獲得畢業(yè)證書。A.saved拯救,節(jié)省;B.prevented阻止;C.rescued營(yíng)救;D.protected保護(hù)。根據(jù)下文“Withouthisfatheraround,hismotherworkedasalive-inhousekeeperinorderto____8____hisschooltuitionandboard,butthatwasn’t____9____.”可知,生活的困難阻止他完成學(xué)業(yè)。故選B。52.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.degree學(xué)位,程度;B.fame名聲,名譽(yù);C.diploma畢業(yè)文憑;D.living生計(jì),生活方式。根據(jù)下文“healwaysregrettednotgraduatingandgettinghishighschooldiploma.”可知,此處是信息詞diploma的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C。53.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:父親不在身邊的時(shí)候,他的母親為了支付他的學(xué)費(fèi)和伙食費(fèi),做了一名住家管家,但這還不夠。A.show展示;B.offer提供;C.buy買;D.pay支付。根據(jù)“hismotherworkedasalive-inhousekeeper”可知,母親為了支付他的學(xué)費(fèi)和伙食費(fèi),做了一名住家管家。故選D。54.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.enough足夠的;B.meaningful有意義的;C.inspiring鼓舞人心的;D.reasonable合理的。根據(jù)“Afterrealizinghismothercouldn’t____10____tomakethefinaltuitionpaymentforhissenioryear”可知,母親掙的錢不足以支付庫(kù)珀的費(fèi)用。故選A。55.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:在意識(shí)到他的母親無(wú)力支付他最后一年的學(xué)費(fèi)后,他鼓勵(lì)母親搬到費(fèi)城,離她的家人更近一些。A.refuse拒絕;B.afford付得起;C.choose選擇;D.hope希望。根據(jù)下文“healwaysregrettednotgraduatingandgettinghishighschooldiploma.”可知,母親掙的錢不足以支付庫(kù)珀的學(xué)費(fèi)。故選B。56.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.ordered命令;B.forced強(qiáng)迫;C.encouraged鼓勵(lì);D.promised承諾。根據(jù)上文“hismotherworkedasalive-inhousekeeper”可知,此處表示鼓勵(lì)母親搬到費(fèi)城。故選C。57.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:在費(fèi)城,庫(kù)珀工作幫助母親支付賬單,并于1945年被聘為城市電車操作員。A.appointed任命;B.treated對(duì)待;C.voted選舉;D.hired雇傭。根據(jù)“asacitytrolley(有軌電車)caroperator”可知,庫(kù)珀被雇傭?yàn)橛熊夒娷嚥僮鲉T。故選D。58.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這份工作使他在交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)度過了漫長(zhǎng)而富有成效的職業(yè)生涯,他最終成為賓夕法尼亞州當(dāng)?shù)毓?huì)的主席,后來(lái)又成為紐約市國(guó)際運(yùn)輸工人工會(huì)的副主席。A.boring無(wú)聊的;B.fruitful富有成效的;C.sincere真誠(chéng)的;D.annoying使惱怒的。根據(jù)“becamepresidentofthelocalunioninPennsylvaniaandlatervicepresidentoftheInternationalTransportWorkersUnioninNewYorkCity.”可知,庫(kù)珀的職業(yè)生涯是富有成效的。故選B。59.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.eventually最終;B.eagerly渴望地;C.thoroughly徹底地;D.frequently頻繁地。根據(jù)“Thatjobledhimtoalongand____13____careerintransportation”可知,庫(kù)珀最終在交通運(yùn)輸行業(yè)取得了巨大成就。故選A。60.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:但是,盡管事業(yè)如此成功,他總是后悔沒有畢業(yè),沒有拿到高中文憑。A.experience經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)驗(yàn);B.adventure冒險(xiǎn);C.career職業(yè)生涯;D.hobby愛好。根據(jù)“Thatjobledhimtoalongand____13____careerintransportationwherehe____14____becamepresidentofthelocalunioninPennsylvaniaandlatervicepresidentoftheInternationalTransportWorkersUnioninNewYorkCity.”可知,本段在談?wù)搸?kù)珀的職業(yè)生涯。故選C。61.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:但現(xiàn)在,84年后,庫(kù)珀終于能夠看到他一生的夢(mèng)想成真。A.immediately立刻;B.finally最終;C.actually事實(shí)上;D.absolutely絕對(duì)地。根據(jù)“abletoseehislifelongdreamcometrue.”可知,庫(kù)珀終于能夠看到他一生的夢(mèng)想成真。故選B。62.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他的家人想給他一個(gè)驚喜,給他頒發(fā)榮譽(yù)高中文憑。A.shock使震驚;B.disappoint使失望;C.interest使感興趣;D.surprise使驚訝。根據(jù)上文“Earlierthisyear,101-year-oldMerrillPittmanCooper____3____hishighschooldiplomaduringasurprisegraduation____4____.”可知,家人們是要給庫(kù)珀驚喜。故選D。63.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:庫(kù)珀發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的計(jì)劃時(shí),他幾乎忍不住流下了眼淚。A.comeacross偶然遇見;B.wipeout擦去;C.holdback抑制,控制;D.cheerup振作起來(lái)。根據(jù)“Hisfamilygottheideato____17____himwiththehonoraryhighschooldiploma.”可知,多年的夢(mèng)想一朝實(shí)現(xiàn),庫(kù)珀抑制不住激動(dòng)的淚水。故選C。64.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:整件事對(duì)庫(kù)珀來(lái)說是夢(mèng)想成真,他現(xiàn)在自豪地在臥室梳妝臺(tái)上展示他的文憑。A.displays展示;B.reaches到達(dá);C.demonstrates證明,演示;D.cares關(guān)心,在意。根據(jù)“hisdiplomaproudlyfromitsperch(棲息處)onhisbedroomdresser.”可知,庫(kù)珀自豪地展示著畢業(yè)證書。故選A。65.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:“我想不出比這更快樂的日子了,”這位鼓舞人心的101歲老人說。A.calmer更冷靜的;B.warmer更溫暖的;C.richer更富有的;D.happier更高興的。根據(jù)“Hisfamilygottheideato____17____himwiththehonoraryhighschooldiploma.”可知,家人們給自己帶來(lái)的驚喜讓庫(kù)珀感到前所未有的快樂。故選D。(2024·陜西西安·模擬預(yù)測(cè))ChristieWatsonwasonly17yearsoldwhenshewalkedintotheroomofapatient.Now,asa66,her20yearsinthesickroomhastaughtWatsonthatthoughknowledgeofbiologyandchemistryis67,theartofgoodnursing68purekindness.Watsonneverforgetstwonurses.Onenurse69tinyspoonfulsofyoghurttoWatsonwhenshewas70foranallergicreactionasachild.TheothernursesangWatson’snewbornsonto71at2am,andthencamebackafterher72

hadended—withacupofcoffee.ThatiswhyWatson73thegreaterpartofhercareernursingseriouslyillchildren.Watsondescribedwashingthe74smellfromthehairofalittlegirlwhowashurtinafire,andher75todealwithmentallyillpatientsinherbook.“Anurse’sbonesbecome76witheveryseriouscaseshe77andtherearetoomany,”writesWatson.However,herhandsalways78assheopensthedoorstotheoperatingroom,whichisa(n)79oftherandomnatureoflifetoher.Wecannotknowwhosebrakewill80,andwhoseroofwillfalldown.Wecan’t

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