職稱英語綜合類a級(jí)模擬54

職稱英語綜合類A級(jí)模擬54

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語畫有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處畫線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。

1>I'mverygladtodrafttheletterforyou.

A.reviseB.clarifyC.formulateD.con

tribute

2、Theexplosionscatteredaflockofbirdsroostinginthetrees.

A.departedB.separatedC.fledD?spread

3、Thiskindofanimalsareonthevergeofextinction,becausesomanyarebeing

killedfortheirfur.

A.dryingupB.dyingoutC.beingexportedD.being

transplanted

4、Itispostulatedthatacureforthediseasewillhavebeenfoundbytheyear

2000.

A.challengedB.assumedC.deductedD.decreed

5、Wecanutilizewaterforproducingelectricpower.

A.employB.embraceC.emergeD.emphasize

6、Chargesforlocaltelephonecallsareoutrageous.

A.ridiculousB.unacceptableC.unheard

ofD.unbelievable

7>Ifso,thenextcensusin2021couldshowthebeginningofashifttowards

normality.

A.statementB.agreementC.countD.estimate

8、Thehousehadmanydrawbacks,mostnotablyitsprice.

A.remarkablyB.particularlyC.noticeablyD.sig

nificantly

9、Ifreasoncouldleadyoutoorthodoxconclusion,wellandgood,youarestill

arationalist.

A.acceptableB.westernC.conventionalD.con

servative

10>ThenumberoftheUnitedStatescitizenswhoareeligibletovotecontinues

toincrease.

A.encouragedB.enforcedC.expectedD.entitled

11>She1sveryingeniouswhenitcomestofindingexcuses.

A.cleverB.effectiveC.originalD.imp

lausible

12>Subsequenteventsprovedthemantoberight.

A.EarlierB.LaterC.PreviousD.Recent

13>Ourpublictransportationisnotsufficientfortheneedofthepeoplein

ourmajorcities.

A.additionalB.efficientC.excessiveD.a

dequate

14、Wewillabidebytheirdecision.

A.persistinB.sticktoC.safeguardD.apply

15>Thislawbecomesoperativeimmediately.

A.movingB.rotatingC.workingD.running

第2部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，

請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。

TheOnlyWayIsUp

Thinkofamoderncityandthefirstimagethatcomestomindistheskyline.

Itisfullofgreatbuildings,pointinglikefingerstoheaven.Itistrue

thatsomecitiesdon11permitbuildingstogoaboveacertainheight.But

thesearecitiesconcernedwiththepast.Thefirstthinganycitydoeswhen

itwantstotelltheworldthatithasarrivedistobuildskyscrapers.

Whenpeoplegathertogetherincities,theycreateademandforland.Since

citiesareplaceswheremoneyismade,thatdemandcanbemet.Andthebest

waytomakemoneyoutofcitylandistoputasmanypeopleaspossiblein

aspacethatcoversthesmallestamountofground.Thatmeansbuildingupwards.

Thetechnologyexistedtodothisasearlyasthe19thcentury.Butthe

heightofbuildingswaslimitedbyoneimportantfactor.Theyhadtobesmall

enoughforpeopleonthetopfloorstoclimbstairs.Peoplecouldnotbeexpected

toclimbamountainattheendoftheirjourneytowork,orhome.

ElishaOtis,aUSinventor,wasthemanwhobroughtusthelift—orelevator,

ashepreferredtocallit.However,mostofthetechnologyisveryold.Lifts

workusingthesamepulleysystemtheEgyptiansusedtocreatethePyramids.

WhatOtisdidwasattachthesystemtoasteamengineanddeveloptheelevator

brakezwhichstopstheliftfallingifthecordsthatholdituparebroken.

Itwasthisthatdidthemosttogainpublicconfidenceinthenewinvention.

Infactzhespentanumberofyearsexhibitingliftsatfairgrounds,giving

peoplethechancetotrythemoutbeforesellingtheideatoarchitectsand

builders.

Aliftwouldnotbeaverygoodthemeparkattractionnow.Goinginalift

issuchaneverydaythingthatitwouldjustbeboring.Yetpsychologists

andotherswhostudyhumanbehaviorfindliftsfascinating.Thereasonis

simple.Scientistshavealwaysstudiedanimalsinzoos.Thenearesttheycan

gettothatwithhumansisinobservingtheminlifts.

"Itbreaksalltheusualconventionsaboutthebubbleofpersonalspace

wecarryaroundwithus—andyoujustcan*tchoosetomoveaway,Hsaysworkplace

H

psychologistzGaryFitzgibbon.Beingtrappedinthissettingcancreate

differenttypesoftensions,"hesays.Somepeoplearescaredofthem.Others

usethemasanopportunitytogetclosetotheboss.Somestandclosetothe

door.Othershideinthecomers.Mostpeopletryandshrinkintothebackground.

Butsomebehaveinawaythatmakesothersnoticethem.Thereareafewpeople

whojuststandinacomertakingnotes.

Don11worryaboutthem.Theyareprobablyfromauniversity.

16>Somecitiesconcernedwiththepastpermitbuildingstogoaboveacertain

height.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17、Inamoderncity,therehasbeenbuiltmanyskyscrapers.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Thebestwaytomakemoneyoutofcitylandistobuildupwardsformore

people.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Thetechnologyofbuildingupwardsexistedintheearly19thcentury.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Otissoldimmediatelytheideaofthelifttoarchitectsandbuilders.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>Goinginaliftisconvenienteveryday.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Peopletrappedinthislifthavedifferenttypesoftensions.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1?4段每段

選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選

項(xiàng)。

HowHuman*sPersonalitiesandBehaviorsAreFormed

1Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesand

behaviorsareformed.Itisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligent

andanotherisnot,orwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheriscompetitive.

2Socialscientistsare,ofcourse,extremelyinterestedinthesetypes

ofquestions.Theywanttoexplainwhywepossesscertaincharacteristics

andexhibitcertainbehaviors.Therearenoclearanswersyet,buttwodistinct

schoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpectzthe

twoapproachesareverydifferentfromeachother.Thecontroversyisoften

convenientlyreferredtoasnnaturevs.nurture".

3Thosewhosupportthe"nature"sideoftheconflictbelievethatour

personalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiological

factors.Thatourenvironmenthaslittle,ifanything,todowithourabilitiesz

characteristicsandbehaviorsiscentraltothistheory.Takentoanextreme,

thistheorymaintainsthatourbehaviorispre-determinedtosuchagreat

degreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyourinstincts.

4Thosewhosupportthe"nurtureHtheory,thatis,theyadvocate

education,areoftencalledbehaviorists.Theyclaimthatourenvironment

ismoreimportantthanourbiologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghow

wewillact.Abehaviorist,B.F.Skinner,seeshumansasbeingswhosebehavior

isalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.Thebehavioristsmaintain

that,likemachines,humansrespondtoenvironmentalstimuliasthebasis

oftheirbehavior.

5Letusexaminethedifferentexplanationsaboutonehuman

characteristic,intelligence,offeredbythetwotheories.Supportersofthe

"nature"theoryinsistthatwearebornwithacertaincapacityforlearning

thatisbiologicallydetermined.Needlesstosay,theydon*tbelievethat

factorsintheenvironmenthavemuchinfluenceonwhatisbasicallya

predeterminedcharacteristic.Ontheotherhand,behavioristsarguethatour

intelligencelevelsaretheproductofourexperiences.Behavioristssuggest

thatthechildwhoisraisedinanenvironmentwheretherearemanystimuli

whichdevelophisorhercapacityforappropriateresponseswillexperience

greaterintellectualdevelopment.

23、Paragraph1

A.EnvironmentIsImportant

B.TwoApproachesDifferentFromEachOtherAreFormed

C.PeopleWanttoKnowHowTheirPersonalitiesandBehaviorsAreFormed

D.OurPersonalitiesandBehaviorPatternsAreLargelyDeterminedby

BiologicalFactors

E.WeWanttoExplaintheBehaviors

F.TwoSimilarApproachesAreFormed

24、Paragraph2

25、Paragraph3

26>Paragraph4

27>Althoughnoclearanswers,.

A.humanisbornwithacertainpersonality

B.howthepersonalityandbehaviorareformed

C.willexperienceintellectualdevelopment

D.twodifferentschoolsonthematterhavedeveloped

E.willinfluenceoncharacters

F.humanisbornwithnopersonality

28>Thosewhosupportthe"nature"theorydon11believeenvironment.

29、Socialscientistswanttoclearout.

30、"Nature"theoryclaims.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

—

NuclearPowerandItsDanger

Nuclearpower1sdangertohealth,safety,andevenlifeitselfcanbesummed

upinoneword：radiation.

Nuclearradiationhasacertainmysteryaboutitzpartlybecauseitcannot

bedetectedbyhumansenses.Itcan11beseenorheard,ortouched,ortasted,

eventhoughitmaybeallaroundus.Thereareotherthingslikethat.For

1

examplezradiowavesareallaroundusbutwecan1detectthem,sensethem,

withoutaradioreceiver.Similarly,wecan11senseradioactivitywithout

aradiationdetector.Butunlikecommonradiowavesznuclearradiationis

notharmlesstohumanbeingsandotherlivingthings.

Atveryhighlevels,radiationcankillananimalorhumanbeingoutfight

bykillingmassesofcellsinvitalorgans.Buteventhelowestlevelofradiation

candoseriousdamage.Thereisnolevelofradiationthatiscompletelysafe.

Iftheradiationdoesnothitanythingimportantzthedamagemaynotbesignificant.

Thisisthecasewhenonlyafewcellsarehit,andiftheyarekilledoutright.

Yourbodywillreplacethedeadcellswithhealthyones.Butifthefewcells

areonlydamaged,andiftheyreproducethemselves,youmaybeintrouble.

Theyreproducethemselvesinadeformedway.Theycangrowintocancer.Sometimes

thisdoesnotshowupformanyyears.

Thisisanotherreasonforsomeofthemysteryaboutnuclearradiation.

Seriousdamagecanbedonewithoutthevictimbeingawareatthetimethat

damagehasoccurred.Apersoncanbeirradiatedandfeelfine,thendieof

cancerfive,ten,ortwentyyearslaterasaresult.Orachildcanbeborn

weakorliabletoseriousillnessasaresultofradiationabsorbedbyits

grandparents.

Radiationcanhurtus.Wemustknowthetruth.

31、Accordingtothepassage,thedangerofnuclearpowerliesin.

A.nuclearmystery

B.radiationdetection

C.nuclearradiation

D.radiationlevel

32、Radiationcancauseseriousconsequencesevenatthelowestlevel.

A.whenitkillsfewcells

B.ifitdamagesfewceils

C.thoughthedamagedcellscanrepairthemselves

D.unlessthedamagedceilscanreproducethemselves

33、TheunderlinedwordHsignificant"inParagraph3mostprobablymeans.

A.fatalB.meaningful

C.remarkableD.harmful

34、Radiationcanhurtusinthewaythatitcan.

A.killlargenumbersofcellsinmainorganssoastocausedeathimmediately

B.damagecellswhichmaygrowintocanceryearslater

C.affectthehealthygrowthofouroffspring

D.alloftheabove

35、Whichofthefollowingcanbebestinferredfromthepassage?

A.Theimportanceofprotectionfromradiationcannotbeover-emphasized.

B.Themysteryaboutradiationremainsunsolved.

C.Cancerismainlycausedbyradiation.

D.Radiationcanhurtthosewhoarenotawareofitsdanger.

弟一^扁

LifeConnectedwithComputer

AftertoolongontheNet,evenaphonecallcanbeashock.Myboyfriend1s

Liverpudlianaccentsuddenlybecomesindecipherableaftertheclarityofhis

wordsonscreen,asecretary*stoneseemsmorerejectingthanI'dimagined

itwouldbe.Timeitselfbecomesfluid—hoursbecomeminuteszandalternately

secondsstretchintodays.Weekends,onceahighlightofmyweek,arenow

justtwoordinarydays.

Forthelastthreeyears,sinceIstoppedworkingasaproducerforCharlie

Rose,Ihavedonemuchofmyworkasatelecommuter.Isubmitarticlesand

editthemviaE-mailandcommunicatewithcolleaguesonInternetmailinglists.

MyboyfriendlivesinEngland,somuchofourrelationshipiscomputer-mediated.

IfIdesired,Icouldstayinsideforweekswithoutwantinganything.工

canorderfood,andmanagemymoney,loveandwork.InfactzattimesIhave

spentaslongasthreeweeksaloneathome,goingoutonlytogetmailand

buynewspapersandgroceries.Iwatchedmostoftheblizzardof96onTV.

Butafterawhile,lifeitselfbeginstofeelunreal.工starttofeelas

thoughI'vemergedwithmymachinesztakingdatain,spittingthembackout,

justanothernodeontheNet.Othersonlinereportthesamesymptoms.Westart

tostronglydisliketheOutsideformsofsocializing.It*slikeattending

anA.A.meetinginabarwitheveryoneholdingahalf-sippeddrink,Wehave

becometheNetopponents*worstnightmare.

Whatfirstseemedlikealuxury,crawlingfrombedtocomputer,notworrying

abouthair,clothesandface,hasbecomeanavoidance,alackofdiscipline.

Andonceyoustartreplacingrealhumancontactwithcyber-interaction,coming

backoutofthecavecanbequitedifficult.

AttimeszIturnonthetelevisionandjustleaveittochatterinthe

background,somethingthatI'dneverdonepreviously.Thevoicesoftheprograms

sootheme,butthenI*mjarredbythecommercials.Ifindmyselfsuckedin

bysoapoperas,orcompulsivelyneedingtokeepupwiththelatestnewsand

n

theweather."Datelinez"Frontline","Nightline"zCNN,NewYork1,every

possibleangleofeverystoryoverandover,evenwhentheyareofnopossible

usetome.Workmovesfromforegroundtobackground.

36、Comparedtotheclearwordsofherboyfriendonscreen,hisaccentbecomes

A.unidentifiableB.unbearable

C.unrealD.misleading

37、Thepassageimpliesthattheauthorandherboyfriendlivein.

A.differentcitiesinEnglandB.differentcountries

C.thesamecityD.thesamecountry

38、Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.SheissoabsorbedintheTVprogramsthatsheoftenforgetsherwork.

B.Inordertokeepupwiththelatestnewsandtheweather,shewatches

TValot.

C.InordertogetsomecomfortfromTVprograms,shesometimesturns

onthetelevision.

D.Havingworkedonthecomputerfortoolong,shebecameabitodd.

39、Whatistheauthor1sattitudetothecomputer?

A.Attractive.B.Interesting.

C.Bored.D.Indifferent.

40、Thephrase"comingbackoutofthecave11inthefifthparagraphmeans

A.comingbackhomeB.goingbackhome

C.livingaluxuriouslifeD.restoringdirecthuman

contact

如—^植

WhenFearTakesControloftheMind

Apanicattackisasuddenfeelingofterror.Usuallyitdoesnotlast

long,butitmayfeellikeforever.Thecausecanbesomethingasnormally

uneventfulasdrivingoverabridgeorflyinginanairplane.Anditcanhappen

evenifthepersonhasdrivenovermanybridgesorflownmanytimesbefore.

Afastheartbeat.Sweatyhands.Difficultybreathing.Alight-headedfeeling.

Atfirstapersonmayhavenoideawhatiswrong.Butthesecanallbesigns

ofwhatisknownaspanicdisorder.Thefirstappearanceusuallyisbetween

theagesof18and25.Insomecasesitdevelopsafteratragedy,likethe

deathofalovedone,orsomeotherdifficultsituation.

IntheUnitedStates,theNationalInstituteofMentalHealthsaysmore

thantwomillionpeopleareaffectedinanyone-yearperiod.TheAmerican

PsychologicalAssociationsayspanicdisorderistwotimesmorelikelyin

womenthanmen.Anditcanlastanywherefromafewmonthstoalifetime.

Panicattackscanbedangerous-forexample,ifapersonisdrivingatthe

time.TheChesapeakeBayBridgeinthestateofMarylandissolongandso

highoverthewater,itisfamousforsearingmotorists.Thereisevenadriver

assistanceprogramtohelppeoplegetacross.

Somepeoplewhosufferapanicattackdevelopaphobia,adeepfearof

everrepeatingtheactivitythatbroughtontheattack.

Butexpertssaypanicdisordercanbetreated.Doctorsmightsuggest

anti-anxietyorantidepressantmedicines.Talkingtoacounselorcouldhelp

apersonlearntodealwithoravoidapanicattack.Therearebreathingmethods,

forexample,thatmighthelpapersoncalmdown.

Panicdisorderisincludedamongwhatmentalhealthprofessionalscall

anxietydisorders.Astudypublishedlastweekreportedalinkbetweenanxiety

disordersandseveralphysicaldiseases.Itsaystheseincludethyroiddisease,

lungandstomachproblems,arthritis,migraineheadachesandallergic

conditions.ResearchersattheUniversityofManitobainCanadasaythatin

mostcasesthephysicalconditionfollowstheanxietydisorder.Butzthey

say,exactlyhowthetwoareconnectedremainsunknown.

ThereportintheArchivesofInternalMedicinecamefromaGermanhealth

studyofmorethan4,000adults.

41>AllofthefollowingmaybesymptomsofpanicdisorderEXCEPT.

A.sweatyhandsB.difficultyinbreathing

C.alight-headedfeelingD.lowbloodpressure

42、HowmanyAmericansarelikelytosufferpanicdisordereveryyearaccording

toNIMH?

A.lz800,000.B.2,500z000.

C.Above2,000,000.D.Under2z000z000.

43、TheprobabilityforAmericanfemalestobeaffectedbypanicdisorder

is?thatforAmericanmales.

A.twiceasmuchasB.threetimesasmuchas

C.threetimesmorethanD.onetimemorethan

44、Whichofthefollowingspotsismostlikelytocausedriverstosuffer

panicdisorderaccordingtotheauthor?

A.TheGoldenGateBridgeinSanFrancisco.

B.TheChesapeakeBayBridgeinMaryland.

C.TheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYork.

D.TheNiagaraFallsinNorthAmeri