英語四級考試輔導資料

PAGEPAGE12英語四級考試輔導資料第一部分應試指導關于四級考試題型的構成聽力理解2.閱讀理解3.完形填空4.寫作和翻譯聽力理解部分分值比例為35％，其中聽力對話15％，聽力短文20％閱讀理解部分分值為35％，其中仔細閱讀25％，快速閱讀部分10％完形填空或改錯部分比例為10％寫作和翻譯部分分值比例為20％總分為710分，聽力249，閱讀249，完形或改錯70，作文142.答題時間為125分鐘。第二部分寫作策略四級寫作的體裁包括說明文﹑議論文和應用文。寫作的素材可以是中文，英文和圖表。文章的基本結構TopicSentence↓Explanation↓ReasonEvidenceExampleExperiment↓Comment大學英語四級寫作通常采用三段論模式，即：開頭段，主題段和結尾段。二．寫作實例分析（一）說明文(1)說明文一般用于解釋和分析社會現(xiàn)象或社會問題。Paragraph1phenomenonParagraph2reasonsParagraph3suggestionsorsolutionsDrugabuseamongyoungpeoplehasbecomemoreandmoreprevalentoverrecentyears.Statisticsshowthatthenumberofyouthdrugusersalmostdoublesinthepastthreeyears.Itisvitaltoanalyzewhydrugsaresoattractivetoyoungpeopleandwhatcanbedonetocombatit.Firstly,teenagersareunderincreasingpressure–thismaybepeerorpressuretosucceedforexample.Drugusemayhelpthemescapereality,forgettheirproblems,orsimplyfeelmoreacceptedbytheirfriends.Inaddition,throughthemediaweareexposedtoinformationthatglamorizesdruguseandmakesitlookattractive,particularlytoyoungpeople.Furthermore,teenagersareusuallynaturallycuriousaboutdrug,anddrugdealerscantakeadvantageofthiscuriosityfortheirownprofit.Highfinesandprisonsentencesshouldalsobeimposedondrugdealersandusers.However,itismyownpersonalviewthatpreventionisbetterthancureandsoagoodeducationprogrammedaboutthedangersofdrugabuseisoneofthemostimportantstepsanygovernmentshouldtake.說明文（2）比較性說明文用于比較兩種或幾種類似的事物，要求考生通過比較它們各自的優(yōu)點或缺點，說明自己的看法，并加以論證。Paragraph1phenomenonParagraph2advantagesParagraph3disadvantagesParagraph4commentsAmobilephoneisgettingincreasinglypopular.Statisticsshowthateightoutoftencollegestudentshavegotone.However,asisthecasewithmanyissues,amobilephonehasbothpositiveandnegativeaspects.Onthepositiveside,amobilephoneallowscallstobemadeinstantlyfromalmostanylocation.Thiscanbevitalwhereemergencyservicesneedtobecalledtothesceneofacrime,accidentorfire,wherenopublictelephoneisnearby.Meanwhile,amobilephonecanserveasaconnectiontotheInternet,whichcanbeextremelyconvenientforobtaininginformationwhereveryoumaybe.Thefactthatamobilephoneallowsapersontobecontactedatanytimecanititselfbeadisadvantage.Forinstance,anemployeemay,viathemobilephone,beconstantlyavailabletothisemployerandfeelsthatheneverleaveswork.Thismaycausedistress.Anotherdisadvantageistheperceivedhealthrisksassociatedwithitsuse.Somepeoplebelievethatusingmobilephonesforlongperiodscandamagethebrain.Thereisnodenyingthatamobilephonehadbothbenefitsanddrawbacksbutonbalanceperhapstheadvantagesofamobilephoneoutweighitsdisadvantagessinceamobilehasbecomeanintegralpartofmodernlife.說明文（3）圖表寫作也屬于說明文的類型，結構如下：Paragraph1changeParagraph2reasonsorimplicationParagraph3conclusionTheperiod1995-2005witnessedarapidincreaseinthenumberofpeopleincityXtravelingabroad.Ascanbeseen,in1995,onlyabout10,000peopleinthiscitywentoverseaswhilein1995thisnumberquicklyroseto40,000.In2005,howeverthenumberofoverseastravelersurgedtoover120,000,whichismorethan10timesasmanyasthatof1995.Thischangecanbeaccountedforbyacoupleoffactors.First,alongwithsocialandeconomyprogress,thelivingstandardoftheChinesepeoplehasbeengreatlyenhanced,sotheyhaveenoughmoneyandtimetotravelabroad.Meanwhile,moreandmorepeoplewanttoenjoythemselvesandbroadentheirvisionbyvisitingoverseashistoricalplacesandexperiencingexoticcultures.Overseastravelhasaprofoundeffectonbothindividualsandthesociety.Itcanwidenourpeople’shorizons,promotefriendshipandenhanceculturalinteraction.Inthemeantime,itcanalsoboostoursocialeconomyandmakeoursocietymoreprosperousanddynamic.It’sgoodforournation’sprogress.（二）議論文（1）第一種形式要求考生針對某一有爭議性的兩種觀點，來闡述自己的立場，或對這一問題反映出的某一觀點進行駁斥，提出自己的看法并加以論證。MyViewonDataCollectionDatacollectionisafactofmodernlife.Somearguethatdatacollectionisendangeringtherightsofindividuals,thoughothersseeitasausefultoolwhichincreasesefficiency.Tobefrank,Ibelievedatacollectiondoesmoregoodthanharm.Foronething,databasesprovideaveryusefultool.Largedatabaseswhichcontaininformationonmanyindividualscanenablemoreeffectivedecisionstobemade.Institutionssuchasgovernmentdepartmentsandpolicerelyondatacollectioninordertooperateefficiently,andhospitalsusecomputerizedrecordstohelpintheirfightagainstdisease.Foranother,databasesstoredoncomputercanalsobeveryefficient.Datawhichhasbeencollectednoneareacanbesentanywhereintheworldalmostinstantly.Thismeansthatthosehavelegitimateaccesstothisdatacanworkveryefficiently.Insummery,datacollectiononindividualscanbejustified,althoughallpossiblemeasuresshouldbetakentominimizetherisks.議論文(2)第二種形式要求考生針對某一有爭議性的觀點，表明自己的觀點，并提出自己的論證。Direction:itisveryimportantthatchildrenshouldstudyhardatschool.Timespentplayingsportistimewasted.Doyouagreeordisagree?Giveyourreasons?Wecouldarguethatchildrengotoschooltostudysothattheymaybecomefullyproductiveadultsandgoodcitizens.Weshouldaskwhetherplayingsporthelpschildrentobecomebetterpeople.Ifso,sportisnotawasteoftime.Itisgenerallybelievedthatstudentsneedmorethantheknowledgeofasubject.Theyneedtoknowhowtoworkingroupstoachieveamutualgoal,howtoworkasateam.Wherebettertolearnthoseskillsthanonthesportsfield?Anyoftheteamsportsinvolvecoordinationwithotherplayers,understandingandadoptingateammentality.Theseskillsaretoousefultobeignored.Moreover,itisimportantthatpeoplebehealthy,andgoodhealthisnotsoeasilyachievedinasedentarysociety.Sportgetsstudentsoutsideandgivesthemgoodreasontorunabout,thuscounteringhoursspentsittingstill.Soalthoughschoolstudiesareundeniablyimportant,weshouldregardtimespentplayingsportastimewellspent.應用文ALetterofApplicationDearSirorMadam,IamasophomorewithmajorinAutomation.ThoughIhavemadeagreatprogressduringmyfirstyearacademictraining,IfindthatIammoreinterestedinBusinessAdministration.NowIamwritingtoyoutoformallyrequesttoswitchtothisareaofstudy.ThemainreasonformydecisionisthatthemajorIamstudyinginismyparents’choice.TheyinsistedthatIshouldstudywhattheyhadlearnedbeforebutafterayear’sstudyIhavecometorealizethisisnotthecareerIwanttopursueinmyfuturelife.Besides,Ihaveattendedbusinessclassesasmyoptionalcourseandachievedagoodsuccess,whichfurtherconfirmsmydecision.Iamsorryforanyinconvenienceortroublethatmighthavebeencausedbythischange.Thedecisionisnotmadelightly.Idoappreciateyourkindconsiderationandsincerelyhopeyouwillgrantmetheshifttothenewdepartment.聽力部分短對話部分包括8個短對話。解題技巧：聽前積極預測聽時隨機應變長對話共有兩篇，7個題目。題材一般與學校生活有關：課程內容（以上課為背景，介紹某個知識）打工內容（常涉及到工作的內容，與學習課程的沖突等）科學知識（以上課內容形式出題，范圍極其廣泛）度假旅游經(jīng)歷學校生活（餐廳的食物，某個教師等）住宿生活（特別是與室友或房東的矛盾）某個娛樂活動解題技巧：正確判斷信息掌握一定的思維方式留心首句掌握出題形式，抓住聽的重點聽時做筆記短文聽力3篇短文，共10道題。內容可以分為以下幾類：科普性短文，介紹一些自然現(xiàn)象以及科學界的實驗和研究成果。文化歷史，風俗習慣，音樂藝術以及體育方面的短文，介紹這些領域中有影響的地方，事件和著名人物等。常識性短文，介紹生活，如衣食住行等方面的小常識。故事性短文，介紹一個有趣故事或某人的經(jīng)歷。與學生學習和生活密切相關的教育和校園生活的短文。解題技巧：分析題與題之間的關系，把握短文的大意。瀏覽選項，劃出關鍵詞。復合式聽寫：解題技巧：單詞填空：一心二用有效記錄加強練習，改進方法句子聽寫：關注動詞后面的介詞或副詞搭配，這對理解句子有極大幫助關注并列的動詞。對于長句，要在連詞上下功夫，對于那些引導狀語，定語，表語主語等從句的連詞要特別敏感，這樣才能從整個句子結構