選擇性必修第四冊　Unit 3　Sea Exploration

英語大一輪復習Unit3SeaExploration選擇性必修第四冊目錄/1.內容索引2.基礎知識排查3.核心考點突破4.寫作能力提升5.基礎知識達標><PART01基礎知識排查Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會意merchant

n.商人；批發(fā)商 adj.海上貨運的fleet n.艦隊；機群；車隊behold vt.(beheld，beheld)看；看見spice n.(調味)香料maritime adj.海的；海運的；海事的tournament n.錦標賽；聯賽laptop n.筆記本電腦；便攜式電腦pressconference

記者招待會；新聞發(fā)布會manned adj.有人控制的；需人操縱的submersible n.潛水器；可潛船underwater adv.在水下 adj.水下的capsule n.膠囊；太空艙coral n.珊瑚migration

n.遷移；遷徙；移居directory

n.名錄；電話號碼簿；(計算機文件或程序的)目錄exploit vt.開發(fā)；利用；剝削gallon n.加侖(容積單位，1英制加侖約等于4.5升)log vt.把……載入正式記錄；記錄 n.正式記錄；日志；原木marine adj.海的；海產的；海生的Ⅱ.重點單詞——記形tale n.故事；敘述negotiate

vt.商定；達成(協(xié)議) vi.談判；磋商；協(xié)商league

n.等級；水平；聯合會；聯賽royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高貴的withdraw

vt.&vi.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤離channel n.航道；海峽；頻道bond

n.紐帶；關系 vt.&vi.增強信任關系；使牢固結合tax vt.對……征稅；使納稅

n.稅；稅款meanwhile adv.與此同時；(比較兩方面)對比之下10arrest

n.逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止extend vt.擴展；使伸長；延長→extensive

adj.廣闊的；大量的；廣泛的→extension

n.擴大；延伸；延期；電話分機politics n.政治；政治觀點→political

adj.政治的；政治上的→politician

n.政治家；政客Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變profession

n.職業(yè)；行業(yè)→professional adj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的→professor n.教授；(大學的)講師，教員mixture n.混合；結合體；混合物→mix vt.配制；混淆；使混合→mixed adj.混合的；人員混雜的coverage n.新聞報道；覆蓋范圍→cover

vt.包括；報道；行走；涉及；覆蓋applaud

vt.&vi.鼓掌

vt.稱贊；贊賞→applause

n.鼓掌；掌聲；喝彩murder

vt.謀殺；兇殺；毀壞

n.謀殺；兇殺→murderer n.謀殺犯mercy

n.仁慈；寬??；恩惠→merciful

adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；寬容的→merciless

adj.殘忍的；無慈悲心的possession

n.[usuallypl.]個人財產；擁有；控制→possess

vt.控制；具有；擁有opponent

n.反對者；對手；競爭者→oppose

vt.反對；抵制→opposed

adj.反對的；截然不同的[拔高詞匯]背選修詞匯tiptoe/'t?pt??/

n.腳尖

vi.踮著腳走；躡手躡腳地走forsth’ssake

為某事本身的緣故；鑒于某事本身的價值disorder/d?s'??d?(r)/

n.紊亂；混亂；騷亂excessive/?k'ses?v/

adj.過度的；過多的all-round/???l'ra?nd/

adj.全面的；全能的；多才多藝的obstacle/'?bst?kl/

n.障礙；障礙物accumulation/??kju?mj?'le??n/

n.積累；聚積物devil/'devl/

n.魔鬼；惡魔compliment/'k?mpl?m?nt/ n.稱贊；問候；致意 vt.贊美；欽佩bolster/'b??lst?(r)/

vt.改善；加強Ⅳ.背核心短語setsail

起航；開航inaleagueofone’sown

獨領風騷withdrawfrom

退出；撤回inhand

在手頭；可供使用；在掌握中；

在控制中searchfor 尋找5underthecommandof 在……的指揮下inreturnfor 作為對……的回報forthebenefitof 為了……的好處/利益takeaction 采取行動aswellas 也；又；還Ⅴ.悟經典句式1TheaimofthisinitiativeistoencouragecooperationandtradeacrossthehistoricSilkRoadareas，andstrengthenthebondsbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworld.(Theaimistodo...)這項倡議旨在鼓勵橫跨歷史悠久的絲綢之路沿線地區(qū)的合作與貿易，同時加強中國與世界其他地區(qū)之間的聯系。2Chinahasinvestedbillionsinsystemsandservicesalongtheseroutes，whichwillhelptogreatlydevelopthewholeareaforthebenefitoffuturetradeandculturalexchange.(which引導的非限制性定語從句)中國已經在這些沿線地區(qū)的運輸系統(tǒng)和服務上投入了數十億美元，這將促進整個地區(qū)實現大發(fā)展，有利于未來的貿易和文化交流。...thereisanurgentneedtostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects.(thereisanurgentneedtodosth迫切需要做某事)……為了了解氣候變化及其影響，迫切需要對北極進行研究。Totrulyunderstandourplanet，wemustexploretheoceanswhichcovermostofit.(不定式作目的狀語)為了真正了解我們的星球，我們必須探索覆蓋其表面大部分的海洋。45Weneedtounderstandwhatishappeningtoourplanetsothatwecantakeaction.(sothat引導目的狀語從句)我們需要了解我們的星球正在發(fā)生什么，以便我們可以采取行動。Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.merchant

n.______________

adj.___________2.capsule

n._______________3.migration

n.___________________4.exploit

vt.___________________5.log

vt.__________________________ n.______________________詞匯默寫商人；批發(fā)商海上貨運的膠囊；太空艙遷移；遷徙；移居開發(fā)；利用；剝削把……載入正式記錄；記錄正式記錄；日志；原木6.tournament

n._______________7.laptop

n.________________________8.manned

adj.________________________9.coral

n._______10.underwater

adv._______

adj._______錦標賽；聯賽筆記本電腦；便攜式電腦有人控制的；需人操縱的珊瑚在水下水下的Ⅱ.重點單詞1.

n.故事；敘述2.

vt.商定；達成(協(xié)議) vi.談判；磋商；協(xié)商3.

n.等級；水平；聯合會；聯賽4.

adj.皇家的；王室的；高貴的5.

vt.&vi.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤離talenegotiateleagueroyalwithdraw6.

n.航道；海峽；頻道7.

n.紐帶；關系 vt.&vi.增強信任關系；使牢固結合8.

vt.對……征稅；使納稅 n.稅；稅款9.

adv.與此同時；(比較兩方面)對比之下10.

n.逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止channelbondtaxmeanwhilearrestⅢ.拓展單詞1.

vt.擴展；使伸長；延長→

adj.廣闊的；大量的；廣泛的→

n.擴大；延伸；延期；電話分機2.

n.職業(yè)；行業(yè)→

adj.專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的→

n.教授；(大學的)講師，教員extendextensiveextensionprofessionprofessionalprofessor3.

n.新聞報道；覆蓋范圍→

vt.包括；報道；行走；涉及；覆蓋4.

n.政治；政治觀點→

adj.政治的；政治上的→

n.政治家；政客coveragecoverpoliticspoliticalpolitician5.

n.反對者；對手；競爭者→

vt.反對；抵制→

adj.反對的；截然不同的opponentopposeopposedⅣ.拔高詞匯1.tiptoe

n._______

vi.________________________2.all-round

adj.___________________________3.compliment

n._________________

vt.____________4._____________ 為某事本身的緣故；鑒于某事本身的價值5.

n.障礙；障礙物腳尖踮著腳走；躡手躡腳地走全面的；全能的；多才多藝的稱贊；問候；致意贊美；欽佩forsth’ssakeobstacleⅤ.核心短語1.

起航；開航2.

也；又；還3.

為了……的好處/利益4.

作為對……的回報5.

在……的指揮下setsailaswellasforthebenefitofinreturnforunderthecommandofⅠ.詞形變化填空1.The

had

anovelistbeforehefledhiscountry.(murder)2.Thebrilliantprofessorisadoctorby

，sohehasmuch

knowledgeinmedicine.(profession)3.Heisin

ofthreevillasandhealso

threefirms.(possession)語境運用murderermurderedprofessionprofessionalpossessionpossesses4.Facingsuchanevent，Ihave

emotions.Ifeelastrange________ofexcitementandfear.(mix)5.The

kingshowed

tothepoor，whointurnapplaudedtheking.(mercy)6.Whenheenteredthehall，hewasgreetedbythunderous

.Allthefans

excitedly.(applaud)mixedmixturemercifulmercyapplauseapplauded7.Thetwo

were

toeachother’sopinions.(oppose)8.Asajournalist，it’syourdutyto

thefactandyouareresponsibleforyour

.(cover)opponentsopposedcovercoverageⅡ.選詞填空1.

theswimmingcompetitionbecauseofaseriousinjurymadehimfrustrated.2.HesurfedtheInternetwiththeaimof

therelevantinformation.3.Becauseofourlimitedtime，Istronglysuggest

rightnowtodealwiththisurgentmatter.inaleagueofone’sown，withdrawfrom，inhand，searchfor，takeactionWithdrawingfromsearchingfortakingaction4.TheOlympicorganizerssayconfidentlythatmattersarewell________andthereisnothingtoworryabout.5.Withmanygoodqualities，ourmonitoris

ineveryaspect.inhandinaleagueofhisowninaleagueofone’sown，withdrawfrom，inhand，searchfor，takeactionⅢ.經典句型仿寫1.這次活動的目的是增強我們保護文化遺產的意識。(Theaimistodo...)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.他昨晚熬夜，這是導致他第二天在課堂上睡覺的原因。(which引導非限制性定語從句)Hestayeduplatelastnight，_______________________________________________thenextday.Theaimoftheactivityistoraiseourawarenessofprotectingtheculturalheritage.whichaccountedforhissleepingintheclass3.我給你寫信是為了和你分享我對如何與父母友好相處的觀點。(不定式作目的狀語)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.急需做出一些改變以適應當前的情況。(Thereisanurgentneedtodo...)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iamwritingtoyoutosharewithyoumyopinionsonhowtogetalongwellwithparents.Thereisanurgentneedtomakesomechangestoadapttothecurrentsituations.5.我對茶的傳統(tǒng)制作過程做了詳細的說明以便他們能更好地理解它。(sothat引導目的狀語從句)Iexplainedthetraditionalprocedureofmakingteaindetail___________________________________.sothattheycouldbetterunderstanditTheMingDynastydesiredtostrengthenthe1.

(bond)withsomewesterncountriesandbetween1405and1433，sevenlargefleets2._________thecommandofZhengHesetsailfromtheSouthChinaSea.TheysailedacrosstheIndianOceantotheeastcoastofAfrica，alongthemarinechannelswhich3.

(extend)bytheformermerchantsandexplorers.Theytookgold，silkandspicestotheAfricanroyalfamilies4.

negotiatedtradedealswiththem.Meanwhile，bondsunderhadbeenextendedandwith5.

(advance)weaponsinhand，theyhadmercyonratherthanexploited，murderedorarrestedthepeopleinothercountries,6.___inturnapplaudedthem.Theyalso7.

(log)manytalesthathadhappenedalongtheway.AlthoughChinawithdrewfromfurtherexpeditionsafter1433，thesefleetswereasighttobeholdandwereinaleagueof8.

(they)ownatthattime.Today，toreachoutacrossthesearemainsastrongdesire.advancedwhologgedtheirAndtheancientroutes9.

(travel)byZhengHearebeingrevisitedwiththeaim10.

(encourage)cooperationandtradeacrossthehistoricSilkRoadareas.travelledtoencourage返回><提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯PART01核心考點突破vt.擴展；使伸長；延長；提供；伸展，展開vi.&vt.持續(xù)，延續(xù)(extensiveadj.廣闊的；大量的；廣泛的extensionn.延伸；擴大；延期)extendextend...to...向……提供/給予……extendto延長到extendby延長了1(1)Ifyouareinneedofadeadline

(extend)，simplyexplainthesituationtoyourprofessor.(2)Theplanwillextendprotection

asignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected.(2022·新課標Ⅰ)extensionto(3)這些課程每周一節(jié)，每節(jié)課兩小時，持續(xù)22周以上。與去年的這門課程相比，持續(xù)時間延長了兩周。(話題寫作之學校生活)Thesecoursesarebasedonaweeklytwo-hourclass，__________________________________________.Comparedwithlastyear’scourse，theduration

.(4)我要由衷感謝這些年來為我們做了很多的全體老師。(應用文寫作之演講稿)

，whohavedonesomuchforusovertheyears.extendingoveraperiodoftwenty-twoweeksextendsbytwoweeksIwouldliketoextendmyheartfeltgratitudetoallmyteachersn.仁慈；寬?。欢骰?mercifuladj.仁慈的；慈悲的；寬容的mercilessadj.殘忍的；無慈悲心的)mercy2·showmercyto對……憐憫/寬恕havemercyon/upon對……憐憫/寬恕atthemercyof...任由……擺布·bemercifulto...對……仁慈(1)Theleaderissucha

manandalwayshasmercy__________thosepoorpeoplebutsometimeshecanbe

tobadpersons.(用合適的介詞或mercy的適當形式填空)(2)在失去引擎動力之后，這艘船只好任憑風暴擺布。Havinglostenginepower，

.mercifulon/uponmercilesstheshiphadtobeatthemercyofthestorm·takepossessionof(表動作)占有；擁有inpossessionof(表狀態(tài))具有；擁有inthepossessionof被……擁有；歸……所有·bepossessedofsth具有(某種品質或特征)n.[usuallypl.]個人財產；擁有；控制(possessvt.擁有；具有；支配)possession3(1)這款最新的筆記本電腦是湯姆的，也就是說湯姆擁有這款最新款的筆記本電腦。Thelatestlaptopis

Tom，whichmeansthatTomis

thelatestlaptop.(2)幸福不是渴望我們沒有的東西，而是享受我們所擁有的東西。Happinessisnotwishingforwhatwedon’thave，but_________________________________________________________.(3)請記住，只有擁有良好的心態(tài)，你才能獲得成功。Keepinmindthat_________________________________________________________________________.inthepossessionofinpossessionofenjoyingwhatwepossess/takepossessionof/areinpossessionofonlyifyoupossess/arepossessedofagoodstateofmindwillyouattainsuccessathand近在手邊；在附近byhand手工，用手的handinhand手挽手；密切關聯ontheonehand...ontheother(hand)一方面……另一方面(用于表示不同的尤其是相對立的兩個方面)givesbahand幫助……；施以援手4在手頭；可供使用inhand用hand的相關短語填空(1)Asanoldsayinggoes，“Successandfailurealwaysgo

.”(2)Havingenoughdata

，wecansetouttoholdthepressconference

asscheduled.(3)Meanwhile，you’dbetterkeepadictionaryclose

sothatyoucanlookupunfamiliarwordsinit.(4)Evenforpersonalletters，themerchantwouldratheruseacomputerthanwrite

.inhandhandinhandathandbyhand(5)Ontheonehand，computersextendourvision；__________________，theyalsobringaboutsomeharmfulproblems.(6)WheneverIamintrouble，itisyouwho

withouthesitation.givemeahandontheother(hand)·本句中sothat引導目的狀語從句，相當于inorderthat，從句中往往含

有情態(tài)動詞，如can，could，may，might等?！othat也可以引導結果狀語從句，此時從句中往往沒有情態(tài)動詞。5Weneedtounderstandwhatishappeningtoourplanetsothatwecantakeaction.我們需要了解我們的星球正在發(fā)生什么，以便我們可以采取行動。sothat引導目的狀語從句(1)下次你來我們的城市時，一定要提前給我打電話，以便我可以做一些必要的安排。Nexttimeyouvisitourcity，youmustcallmeaheadofschedule____________________________________________.(2)公共汽車壞了，我們不得不步行回家，這讓我們怒火中燒。

，whichmadeusboilwithanger.canmakesomenecessaryarrangements返回sothatIThebusbrokedownsothatwehadtowalkhome提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯><PART02基礎知識達標Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1.withdraw(1)Iwantedtowithdraw$4,000frommybankaccount.(2)Iheardyouaregoingtowithdrawfromthespeechclass.(2021·浙江1月)(3)Sensinghismistake，theministerwithdrewhisstatementlater.A.退出B.收回(發(fā)言、意見等)

C.提取(存款等)____________CAB2.bond(1)Thenewtypeofgluebondsavarietyofsurfacesinseconds.(2)Thefollowingday，thetaxidriverwasreleasedon$5,000bond.(3)Itwasaspecialtimetobondwithmychildrenanditfilledthemwiththewondermentofbooks.(2020·全國Ⅱ)(4)Socialbondsarecreatedamongindividualswhentheysharetheirartsexperiencesthroughreflectionanddiscussion...(2021·天津)A.n.紐帶；關系B.n.保釋金C.vt.使牢固結合D.v.增強信任關系________________CBDA3.快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加顏色詞匯的漢語意思(1)Allthepeoplepresentatthemeetingapplaudmydecision.(2)Thecharmingmanarrestedmyattention.____________贊成吸引Ⅱ.核心知識強化練——鞏固語言知識1.Manypeoplehadtheir

(possess)buriedundertheruins，thusbecominghomeless.2.Theprimeministerofthecountrywasoncea

(profession)athleteaswellasalicensedlawyer.3.Hedoesn’thavethefreedomtochoosewhathelikes，soIhavemercy

him.4.Inegotiated

othersponsorsoftheexhibitionabouthowtoorganizeitperfectly.possessionson/uponprofessionalwith5.Forsomereason，Iwithdrew

ahandfulofgrandclubsandIwillneverjointhemagain.6.The

(cover)provedtobeoutoflinewiththetruthwasdeleted.7.It’ssaidthatanopen-airbarbecuewillbescheduled，whoseaimis____________(strengthen)thebondoftheemployees.8.Dokeepinmindthatmyassistancewillbe

handwheneveryouneedit.fromcoveragetostrengthenat9.Thiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoits

(mix)ofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements.10.Allthemerchantsstayedsilent，listenedtomecarefullyandgavemeabigroundof

(applaud)attheend.mixtureapplause返回><PART03寫作能力提升(2022·全國甲改編),你校將以六月八日世界海洋日為主題，舉辦英語征文比賽。請你寫一篇短文投稿。內容包括：1.海洋的重要性；2.保護海洋的倡議。急救講座完成句子1.6月8日是世界海洋日，其目的是提高人們對海洋保護的認識。(theaimistodo...；whose引導定語從句)_______________________________________________________________2.海洋起著至關重要的作用，它不僅為我們提供了充足的食物，而且維持了自然的平衡。(which引導的非限制性定語從句)_______________________________________________________________完成句子3.隨著世界海洋日的臨近，迫切需要采取措施保護海洋。(with的復合結構；Thereisanurgentneedtodo...)_______________________________________________________________4.為了做出我們的貢獻，我們學生可以發(fā)傳單，呼吁更多的人保護海洋。(不定式作目的狀語)_______________________________________________________________5.現在是我們致力于保護海洋的時候了，這樣我們才能建設一個更加和諧的世界，在未來過上更好的生活。(sothat引導目的狀語從句)_______________________________________________________________完成句子把以上句子用適當的過渡詞語和過渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________組句成篇Whenitcomestotheocean，itspollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.WorldOceansDayfallsonJune8th，whoseaimistoraisepeople’sawarenessofoceanconservation.Theocean，whichplaysavitalrole，notonlyoffersussufficientfood，butalsomaintainsthebalanceofnature.WiththeWorldOceansDayapproaching，thereisanurgentneedtotakemeasurestoprotecttheocean.Tomakeourcontributions，westudentscanhandoutleafletstocallonmorepeopletoprotecttheocean.Besides，weshouldstopthrowinggarbageintotheocean.參考范文Allinall，itishightimethatwedevotedourselvestoprotectingtheocean，sothatwecanbuildamoreharmoniousworldandliveabetterlifeinthefuture.參考范文教材語料整合亮詞[情感描寫]

mercyn.→mercifuladj.；opponentn.→opposedadj.；mixturen.→mixedadj.[動作描寫]

setsail；negotiate；withdrawfrom；applaud；exploit；arrest教材語料整合美句1.Tradeandcuriosityhaveoftenformedthefoundationofmankind’sgreatestachievements.(主旨升華)2.Inrecentyears，ChinahasjoinedothernationsonseveralexpeditionstoexploretheArctic.(動作描寫)3.Opponentsmaybeconcerned，butseaexplorationisimportantforourfuture.(情感描寫)拓展語料積累修辭妙用之擬人擬人就是賦予物以人的語言屬性。擬人手法的使用會使文章更加形象生動、富有情趣。句型1.Themistswallowedthemupandtheicywindstartedhowling，stingingtheirfacesviolently.薄霧吞沒了他們，冰冷的風呼嘯著，猛烈地刺痛了他們的臉。2.Seeingsuchextraordinarybeauty，