【2024年一輪復(fù)習(xí)模擬卷】第三模擬（新高考II卷）- 2024年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測（新教材新高考）（解析版）

2024年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)模擬卷第三模擬（新高考II卷）注意事項:1.答題前,考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號碼填寫清楚,將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫,字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出,確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔,不要折疊,不要弄破、弄皺,不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．（2023·湖南·高三湖南師大附中校考階段練習(xí)）Whatisthewoman?A．Anofficemanager. B．Avisaofficer. C．Anadmissionofficer.【答案】B【原文】W:Haveyougotyourfilesready?M:Yes,hereismyvisaapplicationandmyacceptanceletterfromPrinceton’sgraduatedepartment.2．（2023·湖南·高三校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí)）Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Ahotel. B．Azoo. C．Futurelife.【答案】A【原文】W:HaveyouheardofFlyZooHotelinHangzhou?M:Yes.ItisAlibaba’sfirst“futurehotel”.Nopeopleworktherebutrobots.Iexpecttostaythereoneday.3．（2023·湖南長沙·湖南師大附中?？家荒＃￤hatdoesthemanmean?A．Thetheateristoofarawayfromwheretheylive.B．Thetheateristoodarkforthemtofindtheirseats.C．Theynearlymissedthebeginningoftheshow.【答案】C【原文】W:Shh,pleasebequiet!Butwhendidyouguyscomein?Theshowhasbegunalready.M:Werushedintothetheaterjustasthelightswentout.4．（2023·江蘇·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）Whoiswearingayellowdress?A．MissCake. B．Mrs.Smith. C．Mrs.Smart.【答案】B【原文】M:IsthatwomanintheyellowdressMissCake,ournewEnglishteacher?W:No.ThatisBobSmith’smom.SheismeetingwithMrs.SmarttodiscussBob’srecentbehavior.M:Yes.Hefellasleepinclassyesterday.5．（2023·江蘇·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）Whereisthewomanprobably?A．Athome. B．Inacar. C．Inahospital.【答案】C【原文】M:Hey,Lisa.Haveyouseenthedoctoryet?W:Yes.HethoughtmylegwasbrokenandsuggestedthatIshouldtakeanX-ray.Imightneedtostayathomeforalongtime.M:OK.Textmewhenyou’refinishedandI’llcometopickyouup.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話或獨白后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你將時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的做答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。（2023·重慶·重慶市育才中學(xué)?？既＃┞犗旅嬉欢屋^長對話，回答6、7小題。6．Whoisthewoman?A．Ashopassistant. B．Theman’swife. C．Theman’semployer.7．Whatisthemangoingtodonext?A．Turnontheairconditioner.B．Lookatothertables. C．Payfortheitems.【答案】6．B7．B【原文】W:Ithinkthiswhitetableandthesechairsaresuitableforourlivingroom.M:Yes.Oh,theyare$3,000intotal.Whydon’twelookatothertablesandchairs?W:Theshopassistanttoldmethatshewouldgiveusadiscountifweboughtthemtoday.AndIdon’tthinkwecanfindanythingbetterthanthese.M:Alright,you’retheboss.I’mgoingtopayforthem.Thenlet’sbuyanairconditionerlater.W:Well,Ican’twaittodecorateourhouse.（2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測）聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8．Wheredidthemangrowup?A．Inthecountryside. B．Inasmalltown. C．Inacity.9．Whatdothespeakersseeinthestreetsnow?A．Alotofrubbish. B．Kidsplayingballs. C．Niceshops.【答案】8．C9．A【原文】M:Lookatthisplace!IfIdidn’tknowitwasthecityIgrewupin,IwouldthinkIwassomewhereelse!W:Yeah,somanyhousesareemptyorbrokendown.Itwasn’tlikethiswhenwewerekids.M:Weusedtoplayballsinthestreetsallthetime,butitlookssodangerousnow.W:Andugly.Lookatallthatrubbishinthestreets.Thewindjustpushesitalong.Whatalonelyplace!M:Thisusedtobeagreatcity.Peoplecamefrommilesaroundtoworkintheshopsandeatintherestaurants.Whatasadsight!W:Yeah,let’spickuptherubbish.I’mgettingsad.（2023秋·江蘇南通·高三統(tǒng)考期末）聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Whatdidthewoman’smotherthinkofskateboarding?A．Impressive. B．Dangerous. C．Interesting.11．Whathashappenedtothewoman’scompanyrecently?A．Manyemployeeshavebeenfired.B．Thereisnomorecomputerwork.C．Ithasbeeninterriblecondition.12．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Persuadeherfamily. B．Talkwithherboss. C．Changehercareer.【答案】10．B11．A12．C【原文】W:Didyouseethatguywiththeskateboard?M:Yeah,hemanagedtoslidedownafullflightofstairs.Howimpressive!W:Iusedtowanttoskateboard,butmymomsaiditwastoodangerous.Ithinkmydadwouldsupportme,though.M:Didyoueverhaveaskateboard?W:Idid,butmylittlebrotherwasenviousbecausehewasn’tallowedone,sohetoldourparentswhatIhaddone.Mymomtookitoffmeandgaveitaway.M:That’sashame.Youcouldhavebeenthegreatestfemaleskateboarderintheworld.W:Stillcouldbe.Icoulddowithacareerchange.Maybebuymyselfaskateboardandjuststartpracticingeveryday.M:Ifeelthatyouarenothappyinthatoffice.What’ssobadaboutit?W:It’snotanyonething.It’sjustthegeneralatmosphereintheoffice.Therehavebeenalotofjobcutsrecently.Althoughtheconditionofthecompanyisn’ttoobad,it’snotahappyworkingenvironment.M:Thenyoushouldquit.Jumpbeforeyouarepushed.Giveskateboardingatry.W:Thatwouldbesofunny,butIstillwanttoworkhardtoseehowthingsaregoingon.Iliketheinterestingcomputerjobhereactually.（2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測）聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．HowlongwillthemanstayinRio?A．Forafewweeks.B．Forseveraldays.C．Formorethanaweek.14．Wherewillthemanmeethisgirlfriend?A．InRio. B．InSantiago. C．InLima.15．Howlongwilltheman’ssummerholidaylast?A．Amonth.B．Threeweeks.C．Twomonths.16．Howwillthemantravelfromoneplacetoanother?A．Byship. B．Bycar. C．Byplane.【答案】13．B14．C15．B16．C【原文】W:Sowhatareyougoingtodothissummer?M:I’mgoingtovisitSouthAmerica.W:Great!M:I’mgoingtobetravellingaroundquitealotandI’llprobablyspendthreeweeksthere.W:Sowhereareyougoing?M:Tostartoff,I’mgoingtoflytoRioandperhapsI’llstaythereforafewdays.W:Doyouknowanyonethere?M:No,butI’vealwayswantedtogotoRio.It’squiteaplaceofinterest.AndI’llprobablygouptheSugarLoafMountain.W:Andwhereareyougoingafterthat?M:I’mgoingtoflytoSantiagoinChile,whereI’vegotsomefriends.We’llprobablyspendsometimedoingsomesightseeingandthenwe’regoingtolieonthebeachforafewdaysinValparaiso,whichisonthecoast,notfarawayfromSantiago.ThenI’mflyingtoLimawhereI’mgoingtomeetmygirlfriend.W:Thenyou’llhaveagoodtimetogether.M:Yes.We’llprobablygosomewhereelse.Idon’tknowwhereyet,butI’dliketospendaweekinthejungle.Thenwe’llprobablyflyhome.W:Well,haveanicetime!（2023·四川宜賓·?？寄M）聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whocantakepartinthecontest?A．Studentsingrades2to9.B．Studentsingrades2to8.C．Studentsingrades2to7.18．HowoftenistheNoeticLearningMathContestheld?A．Onceayear. B．Twiceayear. C．Onceeverytwoyears.19．Whatarestudentsrequiredtododuringthecontest?A．Solve45problemsinanhour.B．Solve10problemsinhalfanhour.C．Solve20problemsin45minutes.20．Whatwillthehighestscorerofeachteamreceive?A．A“TeamWinner”medal.B．A“TeamAchievementPlaque”.C．A“NationalHonorRoll”medal.【答案】17．B18．B19．C20．A【原文】W:Doyoulovemath?Ifyoudo,whynotgototakepartintheNoeticLearningMathContest?Thecontestisaproblemsolvingcontestforstudentsingrades2to8.Ittakesplaceonceeveryhalfayear.Thegoalofthecompetitionistoencouragestudents’interestinmath,todeveloptheirproblemsolvingskills,andtoinspirethemtodowellinmath.Duringthecontest,studentsaregiven45minutestosolve20problems.Manyproblemsaredesignedtochallengestudentsandtoenrichtheirproblemsolvingexperience.Teachersinanypublicschoolorprivateschoolareencouragedtoasktheirstudentstotakepartinthecontest.Thetop10%ofallstudentsinthecontestineachgradewillreceive“NationalHonorRoll”medals.Thehighestscorerofeachteamwillreceivea“TeamWinner”medal.Thetop10%ofteamswillreceive“TeamAchievementPlaques(獎?wù)?”.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A（2023·福建廈門·廈門一中?？既＃〨uaranteed!TheFastestWaytoLearnaLanguageFinally,wehaveadifferentapproachthathasmillionsofpeopletalking.Usingtheaward-winningDynamicImmersionmethod,ourinteractivesoftwareteacheswithouttranslation,memorizationorgrammardrills.Combiningthousandsofreal-lifeimagesandthevoicesofnativespeakersinastep-by-stepimmersionprocess,ourprogramssuccessfullycopytheexperienceoflearningyournativelanguage.Guaranteedtoteachfasterandeasierthananyotherlanguageproductoryourmoneyback.Noquestionsasked.Chinese

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DutchStep-by-stepimmersionInstructioninallkeylanguageskills:Listening:Nativespeakersareemployedtohelpyoudevelopyourunderstandingofthespokenlanguagenaturally.Reading:Textexercisesdevelopyourreadingskillsbylinkingwrittenlanguagetoreal-lifeobjects,actionsandideas.Speaking:Speech-recognitionfeaturerecordsandcompareyourvoicetothenativespeaker’sandgradesyourpronunciation.Writing:Practicewritingthelanguageyou’relearningwiththeprogramtoguideyou.Thedictationprogramevaluatesyourspelling,syntaxandpunctuation.Eachfullyinteractivecourseincludes:CD-ROMwith20activitiesineachlessonPreviews,comprehensiveexercisesandexamplesforeachlessonAutomatedtutorialsthatassesswhereyouneedextrahelpCurriculumtextandauser’sguideLevel1CD-ROM---------------------$139Level2CD-ROM----------------------$159Level1&2Normally$299Now$206.10Calltodayorbuyonlinefora20%discountTheRoseStone.co/wds016Call1800-6310-1389Usepromotionalcodewds016whenplacinganorder.Allmajorcreditcardsaccepted.21．WhichofthefollowingisthemainadvantageoftheDynamicImmersionmethod?A．Itencouragestheactivememorizationofwords.B．Itprovidestheuserwithextensiveexercisesingrammar.C．Itallowstheusertoacquirealanguageinashortertimethantheaverage.D．Itteachesbytranslatingtheforeignintotheuser’snativelanguage.22．Inordertoknowhisorherprogress,auserofthissoftwarehasto__________.A．turntotheautomatedtutorials B．completeallthe20activitiesineachlessonC．call1800-6310-1389toconsultwithateacher D．comparehisorhervoicewiththenativelanguage23．Whichofthefollowingskillsintheprogramhasmoretodowiththelearner’slifeexperiences?A．Listening B．Reading C．Speaking D．Writing【答案】21．C22．A23．B【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文中主要介紹了一個名為動態(tài)沉浸法的語言產(chǎn)品，介紹了其特點、課程類型以及價格等信息。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Guaranteedtoteachfasterandeasierthananyotherlanguageproductoryourmoneyback.(保證比任何其他語言產(chǎn)品教得更快更容易，否則退錢)”可知，動態(tài)沉浸法的主要優(yōu)勢是允許使用者在比平均更短的時間內(nèi)學(xué)會一門語言。故選C。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Automatedtutorialsthatassesswhereyouneedextrahelp(評估您需要額外幫助的地方請用自動輔導(dǎo))”可知，要了解他或她的進度，該軟件的用戶必須求助于自動輔導(dǎo)。故選A。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Reading:Textexercisesdevelopyourreadingskillsbylinkingwrittenlanguagetoreal-lifeobjects,actionsandideas.(閱讀：文字練習(xí)通過將書面語言與現(xiàn)實生活中的物體、行為和思想聯(lián)系起來，提高你的閱讀能力)”可知，課程中閱讀技能與學(xué)習(xí)者的生活經(jīng)歷更有關(guān)系。故選B。B（2023·湖北·華中師大一附中?？寄M預(yù)測）Formostgraduatingstudents,thecollege-admissionseason,usuallyinJulyandAugust,isanervoustimethatisoftendescribedasalife-changingmoment.Ananxious18-year-oldPengLanxigothisadmissionletterfromHunanUniversityofScienceandTechnologyonJuly26,bringinghisdreamcloser-makingprostheticlimbs(假肢)moreadvancedandaccessibletopeoplelikehim.HismotherWangChunmeicouldn’tholdbackhertearsbecausesheknewhowhersonhadovercomethedifficulties.PengLanxilosthislegsinacaraccidentin2005,whenhewasababy.Havinglearnedtowalkusingjusthishands,heenjoyslifeasmuchastheteenagersaroundhim.Onhiswheelchair,heplaysbasketballandbadminton.Onceaweek,hegoesfora40-minuteswim,andhisbesttimefor100metersisoneminuteand15seconds.“Ibelievethatobstacles(障礙)aretheretobeconquered.Someonesaysthatlifeislikeamirror,andwegetthebestresultswhenwesmileatit,”PengLanxisays.Hisstoryhasgoneviral(在網(wǎng)上快速傳播的)onsocialmediaplatformSinaWeibo,whichhasbeenviewedmorethan19milliontimesandhewonadmirationfromitsusersforhiscourage,determinationandhardwork.AusernamedShuangpicommentsthatPenglosthislegs,buthedoesn’tletthatgetinhisway.TheofficialaccountofHunanUniversityofScienceandTechnologyontheplatformhasevencommented,“WelcomePengtotheuniversity.”LuMingsaysthattheschoolwillhelpPengtopursuehisdream—tobeaprostheticsengineer,acareerthatwillchangelives.Pengisnotalone,asauthoritieshaveimprovedthepresenceofdisabledpeopleonmainstreamcampusesinrecentyears.14,559studentsfacingphysicalchallengesenteredcollegelastyear.From2016to2020,about57,500specialneedsstudentswereadmittedintouniversities,amorethan50percentincreasecomparedwiththe2011-2015period.24．WhydidWangChunmeiburstintotears?A．Hersoncanactlikeahealthyperson. B．Herson’sachievementwasashocktoher.C．Hersonsucceededaftertoomuchdifficulty. D．Shehopedtoputonprostheticlimbsforherson.25．WhatcanweknowaboutPengLanxifromthethirdparagraph?A．Hisbitterchildhood. B．Hisgameexperience.C．Hispositiveattitudetolife. D．Hispreferenceforvarioussports.26．WhatcausedPengLanxitobepopular?A．Hismother. B．Histalents. C．Hishardwork. D．Shuangpi’scomment.27．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．LuMingwasonceinchargeofadmission.B．Prostheticsengineerscanfindjobsmucheasier.C．Disabledpeopleatuniversitiesarelookeddownon.D．BeingadmittedintotheuniversitywillcontributetoPengLanxi’sfuture.【答案】24．C25．C26．C27．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位被湖南科技大學(xué)錄取的身殘志堅的少年的事跡。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“HismotherWangChunmeicouldn’tholdbackhertearsbecausesheknewhowhersonhadovercomethedifficulties.(他的母親王春梅止不住淚水，因為她知道兒子是如何克服困難的。)”可推斷，她流淚是因為兒子歷經(jīng)磨難后取得了成功。故選C。25．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“PengLanxilosthislegsinacaraccidentin2005,whenhewasababy.Havinglearnedtowalkusingjusthishands,heenjoyslifeasmuchastheteenagersaroundhim.Onhiswheelchair,heplaysbasketballandbadminton.Onceaweek,hegoesfora40-minuteswim,andhisbesttimefor100metersisoneminuteand15seconds.(彭蘭溪在2005年的一場車禍中失去了雙腿，當(dāng)時他還是個嬰兒。在學(xué)會只用雙手走路后，他和周圍的青少年一樣享受生活。他坐在輪椅上打籃球和羽毛球。他每周游泳一次，每次40分鐘，100米的最佳時間是1分15秒。)”可知，本段主要說明的是彭蘭溪積極的生活態(tài)度。故選C。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“HisstoryhasgoneviralonsocialmediaplatformSinaWeibo,whichhasbeenviewedmorethan19milliontimesandhewonadmirationfromitsusersforhiscourage,determinationandhardwork.(他的故事在社交媒體平臺新浪微博上瘋傳，點擊量超過1900萬次，他的勇氣、決心和努力贏得了用戶的欽佩。)”可知，他的努力讓他受到歡迎。故選C。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“LuMingsaysthattheschoolwillhelpPengtopursuehisdream-tobeaprostheticsengineer,acareerthatwillchangelives.(陸明表示，這所學(xué)校將幫助彭實現(xiàn)他的夢想——成為一名假肢工程師，這將改變他的生活。)”可推斷，被大學(xué)錄取將對彭蘭溪的未來有利。故選D。C（2023·江蘇鹽城·鹽城中學(xué)?？既＃〩umansarenottheonlyoneswhounderwentself-domestication.Sodidourcloserelatives,thebonobos,andthespecieswecallourbestfriend.Atinyproportionofthegenomedifferentiatesdogsfromwolves,andyetmillionsofdogsarecomfortablycurledupinourhomes,whilewolvesmovearoundattheedgeofextinction.Whenourresearchgroupbeganitsworkalmost20yearsago,wediscoveredthatdogsalsohaveextraordinaryintelligence:theycanreadourgesturesbetterthananyotherspecies.Wolves,incontrast,aremysteriousandunpredictable.Theirhomeisthewilderness,andthatwildernessisshrinking.Butnotsolongagotheevolutionaryracebetweendogsandwolveswassoclose,itwasunclearwhowouldwin.Dogs,infact,didnotdescendfromwolves.Instead,dogsandwolvessharedawolflikeancestor.Folkloresupposesthathumansbroughtwolfpuppiesintocampanddomesticatedthem.OraswolfexpertDavidMechwrotein1974,“Evidentlyearlyhumanstamedwolvesanddomesticatedthem,eventuallyselectivelybreedingthemandfinallydevelopingthedomesticdogfromthem.”Butthisstoryhasnotheldup.Tamingananimaloccursduringitslifetime.Domesticationhappensovergenerationsandinvolveschangestothegenome.Sohowdidwolvesturnintodogs?BackintheIceAge,asourhumanpopulationsgrewmoresedentary,weprobablycreatedmorerubbish,whichwethendumpedoutsideourcamps.Theseleavingswouldhaveincludedtemptingpiecesoffoodforhungrywolves.Noteverywolfwouldhavebeenabletoscavenge,however.Theseanimalswouldhavehadtobeunafraidofhumans,andiftheydisplayedanyaggressiontowardus,theywouldhavebeenkilled.Aftergenerationsofselectionforfriendlinesswithoutintentionalselectionbyhumans,thisspecialpopulationofwolveswouldhavebeguntotakeonadifferentappearance.Coatcolor,ears,tails:allprobablystartedtochange.Animalsthatcouldrespondtoourgesturesandvoiceswouldbeextremelyusefulashuntingpartnersandguards.Theywouldhavebeenvaluableaswellfortheirwarmthandcompanionship,andslowlywewouldhaveallowedthemtomovefromoutsideourcampstoourfiresides.Wedidnotdomesticatedogs.Thefriendliestwolvesdomesticatedthemselves.28．Whatcanbesummarizedaboutwolvesanddogsfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Wolvesaresmarterthandogs.B．Theyareverymuchraciallydivided.C．Theyarecloserelativesbutdogsseemtobeonthewinningside.D．Dogshavemadetheirwaystoindoorlifewhilewolvestothewild.29．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“sedentary”inparagraph5?A．diverse B．limitedC．livinginthesameplace D．involvingregularmigration30．Whatdoestheauthorconcludefromthehistoryofdogsandwolves?A．Dogsevolvedfromwolves.B．Selectivebreedingdevelopeddomesticdogs.C．Taminganddomesticatingananimalarethesamething.D．Friendlinessasaqualitytranslatesintoanevolutionarystrategy.31．Whichofthefollowingissuitableforatitle?A．FromWolftoDog B．Dog:OurFavoritePetC．AnIntentionalDomestication D．ACompetitionStorybetweenWolfandDog【答案】28．C29．C30．D31．A【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了狼和狗是近親，但是狗卻成了人類的好友。文章分析了狼進化成狗過程和原因。28．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Atinyproportionofthegenomedifferentiatesdogsfromwolves,andyetmillionsofdogsarecomfortablycurledupinourhomes,whilewolvesmovearoundattheedgeofextinction.(狗和狼的基因差異很小，但數(shù)百萬只狗舒適地蜷縮在我們的家里，而狼則在滅絕的邊緣徘徊)”以及第三段中“Dogs,infact,didnotdescendfromwolves.Instead,dogsandwolvessharedawolflikeancestor.(事實上，狗并不是狼的后代。相反，狗和狼有著共同的類狼祖先)”可推知，從前三段可以總結(jié)出狼和狗是近親，但狗似乎是贏家。故選C。29．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“weprobablycreatedmorerubbish,whichwethendumpedoutsideourcamps.”可知，冰河時代，人類開始在同一個地方制造了更多的垃圾，然后把垃圾倒在營地外面，說明人類越來越多地選擇住在同一個地方，垃圾才能堆積起來。畫線詞意思是“住在同一個地方”。故選C。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Aftergenerationsofselectionforfriendlinesswithoutintentionalselectionbyhumans,thisspecialpopulationofwolveswouldhavebeguntotakeonadifferentappearance.(經(jīng)過幾代人的友好選擇，而不是人類的有意選擇，這一特殊的狼群種群將開始呈現(xiàn)不同的外觀)”以及最后一段中“Wedidnotdomesticatedogs.Thefriendliestwolvesdomesticatedthemselves.(我們沒有馴養(yǎng)狗。最友善的狼馴化了自己)”可推知，作者從狗和狼的歷史中得出的結(jié)論是：作為一種品質(zhì)的友善可以轉(zhuǎn)化為一種進化策略。故選D。31．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Humansarenottheonlyoneswhounderwentself-domestication.Sodidourcloserelatives,thebonobos,andthespecieswecallourbestfriend.Atinyproportionofthegenomedifferentiatesdogsfromwolves,andyetmillionsofdogsarecomfortablycurledupinourhomes,whilewolvesmovearoundattheedgeofextinction.(人類并不是唯一進行自我馴化的物種。還有我們的近親倭黑猩猩，以及我們最好的朋友。狗和狼的基因差異很小，但數(shù)百萬只狗舒適地蜷縮在我們的家里，而狼則在滅絕的邊緣徘徊)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了狼和狗是近親，但是狗卻成了人類的好友。文章分析了狼進化成狗過程和原因。可知，A選項“從狼到狗”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。D（2023·重慶市育才中學(xué)?？既＃〦arthquakeforecastingisoneofthemostancientskillsknowntomankind.FromancientGreecetothepresentday,countlessscientistshavetriedtodeveloptoolstopredictearthquakes.Theirattemptsusuallyfocusedonsearchingforreliableevidencesofcomingquakes.However,therearemanyreasonswhypredictingquakesissohard.“Wedon’tunderstandsomebasicphysicsofearthquakes,”saidEgill,aresearchprofessorattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.Scientistshavealsoattemptedtocreatemathematicalmodelsofmovement,butpreciselypredictingwouldrequiregreatmappingandanalysisoftheEarth’scrust.Otherchallengesincludealackofdataontheearlywarningsigns,giventhatthesewarningsignsarenotyetentirelyunderstood.Actually,realearthquakepredictionisverysimilartothediagnosisofpotentialhumanillnessesbasedonobservingandanalyzingeachpatient’ssignsandsymptoms.Asitturnsout,quakepredictionisextremelydifficult.ManysourcesshowthatearthquakeforecastingwasarecognizedscienceinancientGreece.AncientGreekslivedveryclosetonatureandwereabletodetectunusualphenomenaandforecastearthquakes.ThefirstknownforecastwasmadebyPherecydesofSyrosabout2500yearsago:hemadeitashescoopedwaterfromawellandnoticedthatusuallyverycleanwaterhadsuddenlybecomemuddy.Indeed,anearthquakeoccurredtwodayslater,makingPherecydesfamous.Nowadays,seismicandremote-sensingmethodsareconsideredtohavethegreatestpotentialintermsofsolvingtheearthquakepredictionproblem.Currently,TerraSeismiccanidentifyaforthcomingearthquakewithahighlevelofconfidence.Generally,TerraSeismicdoesnotpredictaquakeiftheearthquake’sepicenterislocatedbeyondadepthof40km.Fortunately,suchquakesarealmostalwaysharmless,sincequake’senergyreducesbeforereachingtheEarth’ssurface.“Scientistshavetriedeverypossiblemethodtotrytopredictearthquakes,”Bruneausaid.“Nobodyhasbeenabletocrackitandmakeabelievableprediction.”32．Whatdoweknowaboutearthquakeforecasting?A．Scientistshavebeenpassionateaboutaccuratelypredictingearthquakes.B．Aslongasenoughdataiscollected,earthquakescanbepredicted.C．Mathematicalmodelsofmotioncansimulateandpredictearthquakes.D．Scientistshavenotyetfullystudiedthestructureofearthquakes.33．HowdidPherecydessuccessfullypredictearthquakes?A．Byseismicandremote-sensingmethods.B．Byobservingunusualnaturalphenomena.C．Bylivinginseismiczonesthroughouttheyear.D．Bylookingintodataontheearlywarningsigns.34．WhatwasBruneau’sopinionaboutthecurrentmethodsofearthquakeprediction?A．HestronglybelievedtheTerraSeismiccansolvethedifficultproblem.B．Hewassurethathumanscouldaccuratelypredictearthquakesinthefuture.C．Heconsidereditharmlesstohumansforanearthquakedeeperthan40km.D．Hethoughtthatscientistshadnoreliablemethodtopredictearthquakes.35．Whichquestiondoesthisarticlefocuson?A．Whydohumanspredictearthquakes?B．Howtoprotectoneselfduringanearthquake?C．Whatmethodscanbeusedtoforecastearthquakes?D．Whentoachieveaccurateearthquakeforecasting?【答案】32．A33．B34．D35．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了地震預(yù)報是古老的技能，解釋了地震預(yù)報困難的原因以及地震預(yù)報的歷史和方法等。32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Earthquakeforecastingisoneofthemostancientskillsknowntomankind.FromancientGreecetothepresentday,countlessscientistshavetriedtodeveloptoolstopredictearthquakes.(地震預(yù)報是人類已知的最古老的技能之一。從古希臘到今天，無數(shù)科學(xué)家試圖開發(fā)預(yù)測地震的工具。)”可知，從古希臘到今天，科學(xué)家們一直熱衷于準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測地震。故選A項。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ThefirstknownforecastwasmadebyPherecydesofSyrosabout2500yearsago:hemadeitashescoopedwaterfromawellandnoticedthatusuallyverycleanwaterhadsuddenlybecomemuddy.Indeed,anearthquakeoccurredtwodayslater,makingPherecydesfamous.(大約2500年前，西羅斯的費雷西德斯成為第一個知名的預(yù)測家。他在從井中舀水時注意到通常非常清澈的水突然變得渾濁。果然，兩天后發(fā)生了一次地震，使費雷西德斯成名。)”可推知，Pherecydes是通過觀察到井水變渾濁的自然異象預(yù)測的地震。故選B項。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段末“‘Scientistshavetriedeverypossiblemethodtotrytopredictearthquakes,’Bruneausaid.‘Nobodyhasbeenabletocrackitandmakeabelievableprediction.’(Bruneau說：‘科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)嘗試了各種可能的方法來預(yù)測地震。’布魯諾說。‘沒有人能夠破解它并做出可信的預(yù)測。’)”可推知，Bruneau認(rèn)為科學(xué)家沒有可靠的方法來預(yù)測地震。故選D項。35．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Earthquakeforecastingisoneofthemostancientskillsknowntomankind.FromancientGreecetothepresentday,countlessscientistshavetriedtodeveloptoolstopredictearthquakes.Theirattemptsusuallyfocusedonsearchingforreliableevidencesofcomingquakes.(地震預(yù)報是人類已知的最古老的技能之一。從古希臘到現(xiàn)在，無數(shù)的科學(xué)家試圖開發(fā)預(yù)測地震的工具。他們的嘗試通常集中在尋找可靠的地震前兆證據(jù)上.)”可知，文章說明了地震預(yù)報是古老的技能，解釋了地震預(yù)報困難的原因以及地震預(yù)報的歷史和方法等，故本文的主旨是地震預(yù)報方法。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（2023·遼寧實驗中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測）Formostpeople,nothingisbetterthanhavinganicedbeerafteryouarebackhomeinhotsummer.36Why?Justforthesakeofyourownhealthandthehappinessofyourfamily.Nowgoodnewsforyou.Fromnowonyouneedn’tfeelguiltyjustbecauseyoulovebeer.Onthecontrary,thebenefitsofdrinkingbeerareobvious.ButthereisstilloneIMPORTANTpointIhavetomakeclear.371.BeerreducesriskofheartdiseaseYoucaneasilyreducetheriskofheartdiseaseby30%ormoreifyouareoneoftheindividualswhodrinkapintofbeerperday.Theresultistotallyoppositeifyoudrinktoomuchbeer.Becarefulwithyourportions.2.38Beerpreventsdiabetesduetothealcoholcontentwhichincreasesinsulin(胰島素)sensitivity.Also,beerisrichindissolvablefiberthatissoneedediftheindividualsuffersfromdiabetes.BeerminimizesriskofcancerXanthohumol(抗氧化劑黃腐酚)isfoundinbeer,whichisveryimportantsinceithasanti-cancerproperties.Drinkingbeerinmoderationspeedsupchemicalreactionsthatkeepofftheriskofprostatecancer(前列腺癌)inmales.39Strange?Butitistrue.Thatisbecausethedrinkcontainscomponentsthatdecreasetheriskofbreastcancer.4.BeermanagesbloodpressureAccordingtotherecentstudiescarriedoutbyHarvardresearchers,middle-agedwomenwhodrinkbeerinmoderationweremuchlesslikelytodevelophighbloodpressure.Otheralcoholicdrinksdonothavethesameproperties.5.Beertreatsdandruff(頭皮屑)40ThehighcontentofvitaminBandyeast(酵母菌)willmakeyourhairsmoothandsilky.Goandhaveatry.You’llbesurprisedtofindtheannoyingdandrufffinallygone.A．Beerlowersriskofdiabetes.B．Beerimprovesyouroilyskin.C．Believeitornot,womenshouldalsodrinkbeer.D．Atthesametime,youmaybealittlenervousandguilty.E．Somepeoplepreferabeertosomepillswhentheygetacoldinsummer.F．Rememberitishowmuchbeeryouconsumethatmatterstoyourhealth.G．Beerismuchhealthierthanalltheshampoosandconditioners(護發(fā)素)thatyouseeontheshelvesinthesupermarketorinadvertisements.【答案】36．D37．F38．A39．C40．G【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了喝啤酒的好處。36．根據(jù)空前“Formostpeople,nothingisbetterthanhavinganicedbeerafteryouarebackhomeinhotsummer.(對于大多數(shù)人來說，在炎熱的夏天回到家后，沒有什