2024屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀理解 練習(xí)（含解析）

Passage1

OnMarch7,1907,theEnglishstatisticianFrancisGaltonpublishedapaperwhich

illustratedwhathascometobeknownasthe“wisdomofcrowds“effect.The

experimentofestimationheconductedshowedthatinsomecases,theaverageofa

largenumberofindependentestimatescouldbequiteaccurate.

Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefactthatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrors

aren，talwaysthesame.Somepeoplewilltendtooverestimate,andsometo

underestimate.Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleach

otherout,resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.Ifpeoplearesimilarandtend

tomakethesameerrors,thentheirerrorswon，tcanceleachotherout.Inmore

technicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople，sestimatesbe

independent.Ifforwhateverreasons,people，serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,

theaccuracyoftheestimatewillgodown.

ButanewstudyledbyJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingtwist（轉(zhuǎn)折）on

thisclassicphenomenon.Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswere

furtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,the

averagesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberof

independentindividuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtainedfromtheestimatesof

fourdiscussiongroupsoffivewassignificantlymoreaccuratethantheaverage

obtainedfrom20independentindividuals.

Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtoget

abettersenseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didthey

tendtogowiththosemostconfidentabouttheirestimates?Didtheyfollowthose

leastwillingtochangetheirminds?Thishappenedsomeofthetime,butitwasn，t

thedominantresponse.Mostfrequently,thegroupsreportedthatthey“shared

argumentsandreasonedtogether."Somehow,theseargumentsandreasoningresulted

inaglobalreductioninerror.

AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,

thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.

1.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?

A.Themethodsofestimation.B.Theunderlyinglogicoftheeffect.

C.Thecausesofpeople*serrors.D.ThedesignofGalton，sexperiment.

2.NavajasJstudyfoundthattheaverageaccuracycouldincreaseevenif

A.thecrowdswererelativelysmallB.therewereoccasionalunderestimates

C.individualsdidnotcommunicateD.estimateswerenotfullyindependent

3.Whatdidthefollow-upstudyfocuson?

A.Thesizeofthegroups.B.Thedominantmembers.

C.Thediscussionprocess.D.Theindividualestimates.

4.Whatistheauthor，sattitudetowardNavajas5studies?

A.Unclear.B.Dismissive.

C.Doubtful.D.Approving.

Passage2

Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkfor

middleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanother

teacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.

Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,

andhealthylifestyles.

Jaramillo,sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspaceare

noteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores."Thekids

literallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks,“

shesays."Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insects

areawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythe

dirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.

UrbanSprouts，classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,include

hands-onexperimentssuchassoiltesting,flower-and-seeddissection,tastingsof

freshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesayear,studentscook

thevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.

Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.

“Wehavestudentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey，re

eatingdifferently,“Jaramillosays.

Sheaddsthattheprogram，sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetso

interestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetable

gardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo,s

specialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues."Theyget

outside,“shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”

5.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?

A.Sheusedtobeahealthworker.B.Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.

C.Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant.D.SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.

6.WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?

A.Thekids'parentsdistrustedher.B.Studentshadlittletimeforher

classes.

C.Somekidsdislikedgardenwork.D.Therewasnospaceforschoolgardens.

7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?

A.Far-reaching.B.Predictable.

C.Short-lived.D.Unidentifiable.

8.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.RescuingSchoolGardensB.ExperiencingCountryLife

C.GrowingVegetableLoversD.ChangingLocalLandscape

Passage3

Lookingforacoolnewbookthisseason?TFKKidReportersreadandreviewed

someofthebestbooksoftheyear.

YusufAzeemisNotaHero

YusufAzeemishopingtohaveagreatfirstyearinmiddleschool.Standingin

hiswayarethehatenotesleftinhislockerandhisstruggletofindhisplace

inanewcommunity.YusufAzeemlsNotaHero,bySaadiaFaruqi,willappealtoreaders

wholikestoriesabouteverydaykidsovercomingchallengesandfindinginner

strength.

BlackBoyJoy

TheshortstoriesinBlackBoyJoy,editedbyKwameMbalia,celebratethe

pleasuresofBlackchildhood.Therearealsostoriesaboutvictories,competitions,

andgettingdressedfortheirfirstdayofschool.Mostareshort,withsimpleplots.

Peoplewhoenjoybite-sizestoriesofhappinesswilllikethiscollection.

ParadiseonFire

InParadiseonFire,byJewellParkerRhodes,Addyisashy,15-year-oldgirlwho

escapedfromanapartmentfirethatkilledherparents.Whenafirebreaksoutat

thewildernesscamp,Addyknowswhattodo.WillAddybeabletoleadherfellow

camperstosafety?Readerswilllovethemixofsuspense,action,andemotionin

thisbook.

Chunky

ChunkywaswrittenbyYehudiMercado.Inthebook,Huditriessports,which,

however,takehimawayfromwhathe'strulypassionateabout:comedy.Hisimaginary

friend,Chunky,appearsthroughoutthestorytohelpHudiachievehisdreams.Chunky

isagreatbookforkidswhowanttoreadaboutfriendship,family,andtrytofind

wheretheymightfitin.

9.Whichofthefollowingtellsabouthappychildhood?

A.YusufAzeemisNotaHero.B.BlackBoyJoy.

C.ParadiseonFire.D.Chunky.

10.WhatisthebookbyJewellParkerRhodesabout?

A.Agirltryingtoescapefromdanger.

B.Aboysufferingatschool.

C.Aboyparticipatinginasummercamp.

D.Agirltakinganinterestincomedy.

11.WhoisChunkyinthebook?

A.Acomedian.

B.Hudi'sclassmate.

C.Ashyboy.

D.Anunrealfriend.

Passage4

Theglobalpopulationgrowing,theclimateiswarming,and,nosurprise,the

demandforenergyissteadilyincreasing.Weneedtouselessenergyinanywaythat

wecan.

GermandesignstudentTobiasTribenbacher,fromtheUniversityoftheArts

Berlin,hascreatedastreetlightcalledPapilioinresponsetoglobal

sustainabilityinitiatives,sayingthatheinitiallychosetocreateacity-facing

streetlightduetosuchlights'roleintightpollution.

Papiliocanbemountedtowallsorsetupasafreestandinglantern.Thelamp

shouldideallybeplacedbetweenthreetosixmetresaboveground,whereground-level

windsarethestrongest.Thelampisshapedlikeapinwheelthatactsasawind

turbine（渦輪），catchingthewindtoproduceitsownenergy.Italsohasa

rechargeablebatterythatstoreselectricity,sothelampcanoperateevenonless

windydays.

Anotherkeycomponentofthelampisthelightitself.Thewarm-coloredlight

doesn，tdrawtheattentionofinsects,anditusesaninfrared（紅外線的）sensorso

thatthelightisonlystartedbynearbymotion,reducingitscontributiontolight

pollution.

Asidefromsavingpublicspaceandbeautifyingstreets,thestreetlight'sdesign

isalsoavisualsignalofcleanenergyinaction."Designnotonlydetermineshow

streetlightsareworking.Itcanalsoshapeourattitudetowardsthemand

consequentlyaffecthowweusethem,“TobiasTribenbachersays."Becauseenergy

creationisoftenaninvisibleprocess,projectssuchasthesehelptheproduction

ofelectricitybecomecomprehensible.”

Thelamp5sabilitytochangewindpowerintoelectricitycanalsobeahuge

benefittonaturallywindyareas.Andsinceitdoesn，trequireanyelectrical

infrastructure（基石出設(shè)施），therewillbeanopportunitytofixthestreetlights

inremotesettingsorplaceswhereinfrastructureinnovationscanbe

cost-prohibitive.

Justaslanternscreatethecharacterofstreetsandsquares,Papiliois

envisionedasapublicsustainabilitystatementthatmotivatesresidentstotake

partintransformingourcitiesintoclimate-friendly,future-proofenvironments.

12.WhydidTribenbacherchoosetocreatethestreetlight?

A.Totacklelightpollution.B.Toreducebiodiversityloss.

C.Tobeautifythecityhelivesin.D.Todrawpublicattentiontowaste.

13.Whichofthefollowingisthefeatureofthestreetlight?

A.Itoccupiesalargespace.B.Itcanbefixedanywhere.

C.Itisswitchedoffbyhand.D.Itisunattractivetoinsects.

14.WhatdoTribenbacher'swordsinparagraph5imply?

A.Theclimatecrisisistoughtoaddress.B.Designcanfacilitateour

comprehension.

C.Wemusttakeactiontosavecleanenergy.D.Weknowlittleabout

electricitygeneration.

15.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Tostresstheimportanceofinnovation.B.Tointroduceawind-powered

streetlight.

C.Toadvocateenvironmentalsustainability.D.Toanalyzethesustainability

ofthestreetlight.

Passage5

Orekunrinisthefounderofthefor-profitcompany,FlyingDoctorsNigeriaLtd.,

thefirstemergencyairambulanceserviceinthecountry.InNigeria,whereroad

conditionscanbepoor,andruralclinicsareoftenunpreparedtodealwithmajor

medicalemergencies,FlyingDoctorshasbecomealifesaver,whichcanquicklycarry

patientsfromremoteareastohospitals.

Orekunrinplannedtosetupthecompanyafterher12-year-oldsisterdied.When

shewasstillinmedicalschoolintheUK,hersisterwasonholidayinNigeriaand

unexpectedlyneededemergencytreatment.Thenearestclinicwasn'tabletotreat

her.Thefamilytriedtofindanairambulancetomoveher,butthequickestavailable

servicewasfarawayinSouthAfrica.Hersisterhaddiedbythetimeaflightbecame

available.

“Iwasfilledwithdeepsadnessandalmostanger,“Orekunrinsays."Iwanted

tocometoNigeriaandtrytocontributeinsomeway.”

ButgettingFlyingDoctorsoffthegroundwasn'teasy.Orekunrin

beganbyrentingaircraftsasawaytokeepcostsdown.Shethenestablished

partnershipswithhospitalsacrossAfricaandabroadandstartedhercompanynearly

fiveyearsago.Thecompanynowhas20helicoptersandjetsandastaffthatincludes

sevenseniorflightphysicians.

OrekunrinhasalsoworkedtowardimprovingmedicalcareacrossNigeria.Flying

Doctorsnowprovidesscholarshipstomedicalstudentsandhasestablished

partnershipswithruralnon-governmentalorganizations,suchastheStarliteHopes

Initiative,inNigeria，sDeltaState,whichofferscaretothepoor.

OrekunrinhopestokeepfindingnewwaystoimprovemedicalservicesinNigeria.

Theyoungdoctorknowstherearechallengesahead,butasshe'salreadyshown,not

eventheskyisthelimit.

16.WhatdoesFlyingDoctorsdo?

A.Itprovidespeoplewithfreecare.B.Ittransportspatientsquickly.

C.Itimprovesclinics5services.D.Ithelpstobuildroads.

17.OrekunrincameupwiththeideaofsettingupFlyingDoctorsbecauseof

A.hermajorB.herpersonaltragedy

C.thebigprofitsD.hersister，sadvice

18.Theunderlinedwordsinthetextmean

A.thehelicopterscouldn，ttakeoff

B.thecompanydidn，tstartsmoothly

C.thedoctorsweren，tusedtoworkingintheair

D.thenationwasn，treadyforairambulanceservices

19.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeOrekunrin?

A.Caringanddetermined.B.Honestbutbad-tempered.

C.Ambitiousandfriendly.D.Innocentandsingle-minded.

Passage6

In1885,AmericanfarmerWilsonBentleyattachedacameratohismicroscopeand

tookwhatisbelievedtobetheveryfirstphotoofasnowflake.

Theimagesarenowregardedashavinghelpedshapetheworldofscience

photography.Snowflakeshavesincebecomethesubjectofattractionfor

photographers.

ButBentley，simagesresultedfromtwoyearsofexperimentingwithhiscamera,

accordingtoSueRichardson,hisgreat-grandniece.

“Hewassofaraheadofhistimewithhisresearchandphotography,whichwere

allself-taught,,,shesaidinaphoneinterview.

In1880,Bentley，sexperimentsbeganwithamicroscopethathismotherbought

forhis15thbirthday.GrowingupinfreezingVermont,Bentleywouldidentify

snowflakesthatheliked,beforebrushingtheothersawaywithaturkeyfeather.

Hewouldthenmovethesnowflakeontoamicroscopeslide,holdinghisbreathto

preventhissamplefrommeltinginthewarmth.

Eventually,Bentleyfoundawaytoattachhiscameratothemicroscope一abasic

setupthatmadehisachievementsallthemoreimpressive,accordingtoMichaelPeres,

aprofessorofbiomedicalphotographyattheRochesterInstituteofTechnology.

^Snowflakephotographyisachallengingtaskofisolating,preserving,

focusingandlightingaminutecrystalline（結(jié)晶的）structure,“Peressaidina

phoneinterview.^Bentleyworkedwithprimitive（原始的）materials,whichmadehis

workevenmoreappreciated.Earlyphotographicmaterialsweretoosimple.”

Technologicallimitationsposedanotherchallenge一Bentleywouldhavetowait

untilspringbeforeitwaswarmenoughtodevelop（沖洗）thephotosinhiswoodshed.

Buthewasfascinatedbywhatemerged.

Ina1904article,Bentleywrote：”Thewondersandbeautiesofsnowcometo

usnotonlytoshowtheamazingbeautyoftheminuteinnaturebuttoteachusthat

allearthlybeautyisshortenoughandmustsoonfadeaway.

20.Whatisauthor，spurposeofwritingthesecondparagraph?

A.Toshowwhatthesnowflakesreallylooklike.

B.ToshowBentley，sinfluenceonphotography.

C.ToshowhowBentleymadetheperfectimages.

D.Toshowmanyphotographerswereinterested.

21.WhatdidSueRichardsonthinkofhergreat-granduncieJsphotographythen?

A.Admirable.B.Doubtful.C.Uncaring.D.Tolerant.

22.AccordingtoPeres,whatmakesBentley，sachievementsmoreappreciated?

A.Hisdetermination.B.Hispersistence.

C.Hiscourage.D.Technologicallimitations.

23.HowoldwasBentleywhenheprobablyboughthiscamera?

A.39yearsold.B.20yearsold.

C.18yearsold.D.15yearsold.

Passage7

Whenlearningaforeignlanguage,mostpeoplefallbackontraditionalmethods:

reading,writing,listeningandrepeating.Butifyoualsogesturewithyourarms

whilestudying,youcanrememberthevocabularybetter,evenmonthslater.Linking

awordtobrainareasresponsibleformovementstrengthensthememoryofitsmeaning.

AsneuroscientistBrianMathiasandhiscolleaguesdescribedinthe

JournalofNeuroscience,theyhad22German-speakingadultslearnatotalof90

inventedartificialwords(suchas“l(fā)amube"for"camera,"and"atesi”for

“thought")overfourdays.Whilethetestsubjectsfirstheardthenewvocabulary,

theyweresimultaneously(同時(shí)地)shownavideoofapersonmakingagesturethat

matchedthemeaningoftheword.Whenthewordwasrepeated,theyweresupposedto

performthegesturethemselves.Fivemonthslater,theywereaskedtotranslatethe

vocabularytheyhadlearnedintoGermaninamultiple-choicetest.

Atthesametime,theyhadadeviceattachedtotheirheadsthatsentweakpulses

totheirprimarymotorcortex（皮層）一thebrainareathatcontrolsvoluntaryarm

movements.Whentheseinterfering（干擾）signalswereactive,thesubjectsfound

ithardertorecallthewordsaccompaniedbygestures.Whenthedevicesentno

interferingsignals（butstillappearedtothesubjectstobeactive）,theyfound

iteasiertorememberthewords.Theresearchersconcludedthatthemotorcortex

contributedtothetranslationofthevocabularylearnedwithgestures.Thisapplied

toconcretewords,suchas,camera”,aswellasabstractones,suchas“thought”.

“Ourresultsprovideevidenceforwhylearningtechniquesthatinvolvethe

body'smotorsystemshouldbeusedmoreoften,“saysMathias."Ithinkweunderuse

gestureinourclassrooms.Peopleuseitspontaneously（自發(fā)地），ifthey5regood

teachersandgoodlisteners.Butwedon，tnecessarilybringitintotheclassif

wedon'tthinkaboutit.”

24.Whatwerethesubjectsrequiredtodointhetest?

A.Repeatwhatothersubjectsdescribe.B.Followwhatthepersoninthevideo

did.

C.Matchthevocabularywithrelativepictures.D.Translatethevocabulary

intoaforeignlanguage.

25.Whywerepulsessenttothesubjects，motorcortex?

A.Tocontroltheirbodymovements.B.Toshelterotherinterferingsignals.

C.Toidentifythefunctionofthemotorcortex.D.Toconfirmtheabstract

thoughtsintheirmind.

26.WhatisBrianMathias5expectationoftheresearch?

A.Itwillbecarriedoutmorefrequently.B.Itwillinvolvemoreconcrete

objects.

C.Itwillbeappliedtoclassroomteaching.D.Itwillmotivatehiscolleagues

toparticipate.

27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.GoodLearningTechniquesMatterMoreB.RepeatingStrengthensMemory

C.BodyLanguageBettersCommunicationD.GesturesHelpLearnNewWords

Passage1

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。沒(méi)有人是一座孤島，文章陳述了“群體智慧”效應(yīng)。

實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，在某些情況下大量獨(dú)立評(píng)估的平均值可能是相當(dāng)準(zhǔn)確的。

1.答案與解析：B主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容“Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefact

thatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrorsaren，talwaysthesame.Somepeoplewill

tendtooverestimate,andsometounderestimate.Whenenoughoftheseerrorsare

averagedtogether,theycanceleachotherout,resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.

Ifpeoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesameerrors,thentheirerrorswon，tcancel

eachotherout.Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople's

estimatesbeindependent.Ifforwhateverreasons,people'serrorsbecomecorrelated

ordependent,theaccuracyoftheestimatewillgodown.（這種效應(yīng)禾U用了這樣——

個(gè)事實(shí)，即當(dāng)人們犯錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，這些錯(cuò)誤并不總是相同的。有些人常常會(huì)高估，有些會(huì)低估。

當(dāng)這些誤差中有足夠多的誤差被平均在一起時(shí)，它們會(huì)相互抵消，從而產(chǎn)生一個(gè)更準(zhǔn)確的評(píng)

估。如果相似的人傾向于犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤，那么他們的錯(cuò)誤不會(huì)相互抵消。用更專業(yè)的術(shù)語(yǔ)來(lái)

說(shuō)，群體智慧要求人們的評(píng)估是獨(dú)立的。如果由于任何原因，人們的錯(cuò)誤變得相關(guān)或依賴，

評(píng)估的準(zhǔn)確性就會(huì)下降）”可知，本段闡述了人們所犯的錯(cuò)誤不總是相同的，各不相同的誤

差平均在一起，相互抵消就會(huì)產(chǎn)生更準(zhǔn)確的評(píng)估，討論了獨(dú)立評(píng)估的平均如何由于誤差的消

除而產(chǎn)生更準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測(cè)。因此本段主要解釋了“群體智慧”效應(yīng)這一現(xiàn)象的基本邏輯。故選

Bo

2.答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdom

ofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople，sestimatesbeindependent.（用更專業(yè)的術(shù)語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)，

群體智慧要求人們的評(píng)估是獨(dú)立的）”和第三段的“Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthat

whencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohavea

discussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefroman

equalnumberofindependentindividuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtainedfrom

theestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewassignificantlymoreaccuratethan

theaverageobtainedfrom20independentindividuals.（這項(xiàng)研究的關(guān)鍵發(fā)現(xiàn)是，當(dāng)

人群被進(jìn)一步劃分為允許進(jìn)行討論的小組時(shí)，這些小組的平均值比同等數(shù)量的獨(dú)立個(gè)體的平

均值更準(zhǔn)確。例如，從四個(gè)五人討論組的評(píng)估中獲得的平均值明顯比從20個(gè)獨(dú)立個(gè)體獲得

的平均值更準(zhǔn)確）”可知，人們?cè)跊](méi)有獨(dú)立的情況下，分成更小群體，平均值是更準(zhǔn)確的，

說(shuō)明即使在評(píng)估數(shù)字并非完全獨(dú)立的情況下，準(zhǔn)確率提高也是可以做到的。故選D。

3.答案與解析:C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Inafollowupstudywith100university

students,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroupmembers

actuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemostconfidentabout

theirestimates?Didtheyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?（在

一項(xiàng)針對(duì)100名大學(xué)生的后續(xù)研究中，研究人員試圖更好地了解小組成員在討論中的實(shí)際行

為。他們是否傾向于選擇那些對(duì)自己的評(píng)估最有信心的人？他們是否追隨那些最不愿意改變

主意的人呢）”可知，在后續(xù)研究中，研究人員試圖更好地了解小組成員在討論中實(shí)際做了

什么。結(jié)合兩個(gè)問(wèn)題，因此可知后續(xù)研究的重點(diǎn)是小組內(nèi)的討論過(guò)程。故選C。

4.答案與解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容"Althoughthestudiesledby

Navajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsfor

groupdiscussionanddecisionmakingareenormous.（盡管Navajas領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究有局限

性，仍存在許多問(wèn)題，但對(duì)小組討論和決策性的潛在影響是巨大的）”可知，作者認(rèn)為雖然

Navajas領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究有局限性也存在許多問(wèn)題，但對(duì)小組討論和決策性的潛在影響巨大。因

此推斷作者對(duì)于Navajas的研究表示一定的贊許和支持。故選D。

Passage2

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Abbyjaramin。等老師在低收入學(xué)

校發(fā)起的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)能力，環(huán)保意識(shí)以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花園項(xiàng)目，讓學(xué)

生通過(guò)體驗(yàn)鄉(xiāng)村生活，對(duì)學(xué)生影響深遠(yuǎn)。

5.答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的"Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,

whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-

incomeschools.（起初是這樣的，艾比?哈拉米洛說(shuō)，她和另一位老師在四所低收入學(xué)校

啟動(dòng)了"UrbanSprouts,學(xué)校花園項(xiàng)目。）“可知，艾比?哈拉米洛是UrbanSprouts的發(fā)

起者。故選D。

6.答案與解析：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的"shesays.*Theycometousthinking

vegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.'Thoughsomeareinitially

scaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomething

new.（她說(shuō)?！麄儊?lái)找我們，認(rèn)為蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆蟲(chóng)也很可怕。'雖然有些人

一開(kāi)始害怕昆蟲(chóng)，對(duì)泥土感到厭煩，但大多數(shù)人都渴望嘗試新的東西。）”可知，項(xiàng)目之初，

一些學(xué)生不喜歡園藝工作。故選C。

7.答案與解析:A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Sheaddsthattheprogram,sbenefits

gobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybring

homeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseems

tohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo'sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhom

haveemotionalcontrolissues.'Theygetoutside,'shesays,'andtheyfeel

successful.'（她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，該計(jì)劃的好處不僅僅是營(yíng)養(yǎng)。有些學(xué)生對(duì)園藝非常感興趣，他們

把種子帶回家開(kāi)始自己的菜園。止匕外，在花園里工作似乎對(duì)Jaramillo的特殊教育學(xué)生有鎮(zhèn)

靜