DB43-T 2413-2022江永香姜栽培技術(shù)規(guī)程

ICS67.080

CCSB31

43

湖南省地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

DB43/T2413—2022

江永香姜栽培技術(shù)規(guī)程

TechnicalregulationofcultivationforJiangyongfragrant-ginger

2022-07-08發(fā)布2022-10-08實(shí)施

湖南省市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理局發(fā)布

DB43/T2413—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·····················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································1

3術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義············································································································1

4產(chǎn)地環(huán)境···············································································································1

5整地施肥···············································································································2

6種姜的選擇和處理···································································································2

7播種·····················································································································2

8田間管理···············································································································3

9病蟲(chóng)害防治············································································································3

10收獲與留種···········································································································5

11運(yùn)輸和貯藏···········································································································5

12廢棄物處理···········································································································5

13生產(chǎn)記錄檔案········································································································5

附錄A（規(guī)范性）江永香姜主要病蟲(chóng)害化學(xué)藥劑防治························································7

附錄B（資料性）江永香姜生產(chǎn)記錄·············································································9

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DB43/T2413—2022

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請(qǐng)注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識(shí)別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由湖南省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳提出。

本文件由湖南省農(nóng)業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會(huì)歸口。

本文件起草單位：江永縣人民政府、江永縣市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理局、江永縣農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局、湖南正智標(biāo)準(zhǔn)咨

詢有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：陳小明、蔣麗君、黃紅靈、黃野、劉健、蔣云祥、何增榮、何瑩、歐暉、張微

歡、蔣善才、何源委、蔣仁輝、李勝。

III

DB43/T2413—2022

江永香姜栽培技術(shù)規(guī)程

1范圍

本文件規(guī)定了江永香姜的產(chǎn)地環(huán)境、整地施肥、種姜的選擇和處理、播種、田間管理、病蟲(chóng)害防治、

收獲與留種、運(yùn)輸和貯藏、廢棄物處理和生產(chǎn)記錄檔案。

本文件適用于江永香姜的栽培。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過(guò)文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文件，

僅該日期對(duì)應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用于本

文件。

GB/T8321（所有部分）農(nóng)藥合理使用準(zhǔn)則

NY/T391綠色食品產(chǎn)地環(huán)境質(zhì)量

NY/T1056綠色食品貯藏運(yùn)輸準(zhǔn)則

AGI2008-09-00110中華人民共和國(guó)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品地理標(biāo)志質(zhì)量控制技術(shù)規(guī)范江永香姜

3術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義

下列術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義適用于本文件。

3.1

江永香姜Jiangyongfragrant-ginger

國(guó)家農(nóng)業(yè)部農(nóng)產(chǎn)品地理標(biāo)志，湖南省永州市江永縣特色農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。外觀晶瑩如玉，形似手掌，姜上有

節(jié)，嫩芽和莖節(jié)部鱗片呈紫紅色，一般每株重750g～2000g，富含姜油酚、姜油酮、鐵鹽的香姜。

4產(chǎn)地環(huán)境

4.1產(chǎn)地選擇

應(yīng)符合NY/T391的規(guī)定。

4.2土壤選擇

應(yīng)選擇地勢(shì)較高、排水良好、土層深厚、有機(jī)質(zhì)豐富的中性或微酸性的肥沃壤土，偏堿性、粘重的

土壤不宜作姜田。

4.3產(chǎn)地范圍

加注農(nóng)產(chǎn)品地理標(biāo)志“江永香姜”的產(chǎn)地范圍應(yīng)符合AGI2008-09-00110的要求。

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5整地施肥

5.1茬口安排

前茬不宜為番茄、茄子、辣椒、馬鈴薯等茄科作物。宜水旱輪作，不宜連作，輪作方式可選擇：

a）香姜——油菜——水稻——空茬（或短季蔬菜）——香姜；

b）香姜——蔬菜——水稻——空茬（或短季蔬菜）——香姜；

c）香姜——油菜/玉米——蔬菜——香姜。

5.2整地

清除前茬作物殘留，深耕整地，結(jié)合整地每667m2施生石灰50kg～70kg；做成壟高30cm左右，

畦寬230cm左右，溝寬40cm左右；畦面按70cm左右行距橫向開(kāi)種植溝，溝深25cm左右，溝寬

20cm左右；姜田四周開(kāi)圍溝，溝深35cm以上。

5.3施基肥

整地后，每667m2用腐熟豬牛糞2000kg～2050kg（或生物有機(jī)肥400kg～450kg）加過(guò)磷酸鈣

或鈣鎂磷肥50kg～70kg施于種植溝內(nèi)。

6種姜的選擇和處理

6.1種姜選擇

選用具有江永香姜品種特征特性，姜塊肥大飽滿、皮色光亮、無(wú)明顯缺陷、未受凍、無(wú)病蟲(chóng)危害和

無(wú)機(jī)械損傷的姜塊作種姜。

6.2種姜處理

6.2.1曬姜

催芽前7d～10d，將種姜平攤在背風(fēng)向陽(yáng)的平地上或草席上，晾曬1d～2d。傍晚收進(jìn)室內(nèi)或進(jìn)

行防凍遮蓋；中午若日光強(qiáng)烈，應(yīng)適當(dāng)遮蔭。

6.2.2消毒

催芽前，采用1％波爾多液浸種20分鐘，或用1％石灰水浸種30分鐘后，取出晾干備用。

6.2.3催芽

3月下旬，在大棚內(nèi)或室內(nèi)采取一層稻草一層種姜堆放催芽，堆寬130cm左右、高120cm以內(nèi)，

堆上蓋膜，溫度控制在22℃～28℃，濕度控制在80％～85％。當(dāng)幼芽長(zhǎng)度達(dá)0.5cm～1cm時(shí)即可播種。

7播種

7.1播種期

3月中下旬播種，設(shè)施栽培的可適當(dāng)提早播種。

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7.2播種密度

株距15cm～20cm，每667m2種植4450株～4550株。

7.3播種量

每667m2用種400kg～500kg。

7.4播種方法

先將種植溝內(nèi)的基肥與土壤混勻耙平，再將種姜水平排放于溝內(nèi)，并保持芽頭朝同一方向擺放；播

種后隨即覆土4cm～5cm，并覆蓋地膜，四周壓嚴(yán)實(shí)。

8田間管理

8.1中耕與除草

香姜芽出土?xí)r應(yīng)及時(shí)破膜，并結(jié)合除草，中耕1次～2次。

8.2遮蔭

當(dāng)香姜出苗率達(dá)50％時(shí)，搭建高2m左右的拱棚架，覆蓋遮光率為30％的遮陽(yáng)網(wǎng)，進(jìn)行姜田遮蔭。

9月中旬后，拆除遮陽(yáng)網(wǎng)。

8.3水分管理

8.3.1播種期

播種時(shí)澆透底水，出苗前一般不澆水，苗出齊后視墑情，澆1次小水。待2d～3d后再澆1次水，

然后中耕保墑。保持土壤見(jiàn)干見(jiàn)濕。

8.3.2幼苗期

幼苗期生長(zhǎng)緩慢，生長(zhǎng)量少，需水不多，一般不澆水。如遇干旱澆1次小水。

8.3.3旺盛生長(zhǎng)期

保持在田間最大持水量的80％，視墑情一般每4d～6d澆1次水，使土壤保持濕潤(rùn)狀態(tài)。

8.4追肥

整個(gè)生育期追肥3次。第一次在姜苗3葉～4葉追催苗肥，每667m2施尿素10kg～15kg。第二

次在5月下旬追促箭肥，每667m2施45％（N∶P∶K=15∶15∶15）硫酸鉀型復(fù)合肥30kg～40kg。第

三次在6月下旬追壯姜肥，每667m2施45％硫酸鉀型復(fù)合肥40kg～50kg。

8.5培土

植株進(jìn)入旺盛生長(zhǎng)期，結(jié)合追肥進(jìn)行培土。之后每隔15d～20d培土一次，共培土2次～3次。

9病蟲(chóng)害防治

9.1防治原則

堅(jiān)持“預(yù)防為主，綜合防治”的原則，優(yōu)先采用農(nóng)業(yè)、生物、物理防治措施，輔以化學(xué)防治。所用

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農(nóng)藥應(yīng)符合GB/T8321的規(guī)定。

9.2江永香姜病蟲(chóng)害

主要病害：莖腐病、葉斑病、姜斑點(diǎn)病、姜瘟病、葉枯病、姜炭疽病。

主要蟲(chóng)害：姜螟（玉米螟）、線蟲(chóng)、姜蛆、小地老虎、甜菜夜蛾、異形眼蕈蚊、姜弄蝶。

9.3農(nóng)業(yè)防治

9.3.1輪作倒茬

按5.1要求進(jìn)行輪作，可減輕莖腐病和姜炭疽病病害發(fā)生。

9.3.2選用抗病品種

根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)夭∠x(chóng)發(fā)生情況因地制宜的選用抗、耐病品種。精選無(wú)病害姜種；有條件的可選用脫毒姜種。

9.3.3地面覆蓋地膜或碎草

地面覆蓋可有效地減輕土傳性病害的發(fā)生和傳播。

9.3.4清潔田園

及時(shí)清除病株殘?bào)w、病葉，并集中進(jìn)行無(wú)害化處理，保證田間清潔。

9.4生物防治

9.4.1保護(hù)和利用自然天敵

應(yīng)用藥劑防治時(shí)，宜使用對(duì)害蟲(chóng)針對(duì)性強(qiáng)的藥劑，避免或減輕對(duì)天敵的殺傷作用。

9.4.2釋放天敵

在姜螟或姜弄蝶產(chǎn)卵始盛期和盛期釋放赤眼蜂。

9.4.3選用生物源藥劑

在姜螟或姜弄蝶卵孵盛期噴灑蘇云金桿菌制劑（孢子含量大于100億/ml）2次～3次，每次間隔

5d～7d。

利用硫酸鏈霉素、新植霉素或卡那霉素500ml/L浸種防治姜瘟病。

姜瘟病發(fā)病初期用3％中生菌素（克菌康）可濕性粉劑800倍藥液噴淋或灌根，每隔7d～10d灌

1次，連續(xù)3次～4次，每株灌藥液250ml～500ml。

9.5物理防治

9.5.1人工捕捉害蟲(chóng)，摘除害蟲(chóng)卵塊，挖除姜瘟病株，集中園外銷(xiāo)毀。

9.5.2用頻振式殺蟲(chóng)燈方法誘殺害蟲(chóng)；使用防蟲(chóng)網(wǎng)阻隔害蟲(chóng)進(jìn)入。

9.6化學(xué)防治

主要病害化學(xué)藥劑防治見(jiàn)附錄A的表A1。

主要蟲(chóng)害化學(xué)藥劑防治見(jiàn)附錄A的表A2。

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10收獲與留種

10.1收獲

10.1.1收獲時(shí)間

嫩姜于8月上旬～9月下旬采收；老姜于10月下旬～11月上旬采收。

10.1.2收獲方法

收獲時(shí)將姜株拔出或刨出，輕輕抖掉泥土，清除病傷姜塊，然后從地上莖基部以上2cm處切去莖

稈，摘除根須后，即可沙貯或窖貯或鮮銷(xiāo)。

10.2留種

10.2.1選擇姜塊肥大，姜指健壯，色澤純正，無(wú)病蟲(chóng)害，無(wú)機(jī)械損傷的姜塊作種。

10.2.2抹去須根、清除泥土，并用剪刀剪去莖葉，曬ld～2d，即可入窖貯藏，作下一年栽培用種。

11運(yùn)輸和貯藏

11.1運(yùn)輸

運(yùn)輸工具應(yīng)清潔、干燥、有防雨設(shè)施。嚴(yán)禁與有毒、有害、有腐蝕性、有異味的物品混運(yùn)。運(yùn)輸過(guò)

程還應(yīng)符合NY/T1056要求。

11.2貯藏

貯藏過(guò)程的防蟲(chóng)防鼠防潮措施、衛(wèi)生要求、出入庫(kù)、堆放等，應(yīng)符合NY/T1056要求。

12廢棄物處理

生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的農(nóng)藥和肥料等農(nóng)業(yè)投入品廢棄物，及時(shí)收集并帶離生產(chǎn)區(qū)集中進(jìn)行無(wú)害化處理。

13生產(chǎn)記錄檔案

13.1生產(chǎn)操作記錄

如實(shí)記錄生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的各項(xiàng)農(nóng)事操作時(shí)間、地塊、措施及方法、效果等內(nèi)容。記載方法、內(nèi)容見(jiàn)附

錄B的表B1。

13.2投入品使用記錄

詳細(xì)記錄農(nóng)藥、化肥等投入品的使用，包括施用時(shí)間、品名及劑型、用量、方法等內(nèi)容。記載方法、

內(nèi)容見(jiàn)附錄B的表B2。

13.3物候期記錄

詳細(xì)記錄香姜全生育期，包括播種期、出苗期、生長(zhǎng)期、始收期、終收期等內(nèi)容。記載方法、內(nèi)容

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見(jiàn)附錄B的表B3。

13.4檔案保存

各項(xiàng)生產(chǎn)記錄在生產(chǎn)周期結(jié)束后及時(shí)歸檔，檔案保存2年以上。

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附錄A

（規(guī)范性）

江永香姜主要病蟲(chóng)害化學(xué)藥劑防治

A.1江永香姜主要病害化學(xué)藥劑防治見(jiàn)表A.1。

表A.1江永香姜主要病害化學(xué)藥劑防治

最多連續(xù)安全間隔期

防治對(duì)象農(nóng)藥名稱使用方法

使用次數(shù)（d）

莖腐病98％棉隆50g/m2～60g/m2土壤處理3≥7

葉斑病60％唑醚·代森聯(lián)60g/667m2～100g/667m2噴霧3≥7

70％甲基硫菌靈可濕性粉劑50g/667m2～60g/667m2噴灑3≥7

姜斑點(diǎn)病

2.5％嘧菌酯（阿米西林）懸浮劑1500倍液，7d～10d噴1次，連續(xù)噴2次3≥7

20％噻森銅500倍～600倍液灌根3≥7

姜瘟病

46％氫氧化銅1000倍～1500倍液噴淋、灌根3≥7

60％苯醚甲環(huán)唑5g/667m2～10g/667m2噴霧3≥7

葉枯病10％苯醚甲環(huán)唑30g/667m2～60g/667m2噴霧3≥7

70％甲基硫菌靈30g/667m2～57g/667m2噴霧3≥7

450克/升咪鮮胺30ml/667m2～45ml/667m2噴霧3≥7

25％吡唑醚菌酯20ml/667m2～30ml/667m2噴霧3≥7

炭疽病70％甲基硫菌靈可濕性粉用50g兌水50kg/667m2噴霧3≥7

45％咪鮮胺水乳劑用40ml兌水50kg/667m2噴霧3≥7

25％吡唑醚菌酯懸浮劑30ml兌水50kg/667m2噴霧3≥7

7

DB43/T2413—2022

A.2江永香姜主要蟲(chóng)害化學(xué)藥劑防治見(jiàn)表A.2。

表A.2江永香姜主要蟲(chóng)害化學(xué)藥劑防治

最多連續(xù)安全間隔期

防治對(duì)象農(nóng)藥名稱使用方法

使用次數(shù)（d）

3％甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸鹽10g/667m2～16g/667m2噴霧3≥10

姜螟（玉米螟）

1.8％阿維菌素30ml/667m2～40ml/667m2噴霧3≥10

98％棉隆50g/m2～60g/m2土壤處理3≥10

線蟲(chóng)99％硫酰氟75g/m2～100g/m2土壤熏蒸3≥10

0.3％印楝素600倍～800倍液灌根3≥10

20％滅蠅胺50g/1000kg～75g/1000kg姜藥土法3≥10

姜蛆

1％吡丙醚1000g/1000kg～1500g/1000kg姜撒施3≥10

14％氯蟲(chóng)·高氯氟10ml/667m2～20ml/667m2噴霧3≥10

甜菜夜蛾3％甲氨基阿維菌素苯甲酸鹽13.5g/667m2～16g/667m2噴霧3≥10

10％蟲(chóng)螨腈36ml/667m2～48ml/667m2噴霧3≥10

用糖、醋、白酒、水和90％敵百蟲(chóng)

按6∶3∶1∶10∶1調(diào)勻，撒于田間誘殺成蟲(chóng)3≥10

晶體

炒香的麥麩、90％敵百蟲(chóng)晶體200g加水拌濕，撒于田間誘殺幼蟲(chóng)3≥10

小地老虎

豆餅5kg、90％敵百蟲(chóng)晶體200g加水拌濕，撒于田間誘殺幼蟲(chóng)3≥10

50％辛硫磷乳油500倍～600倍液灌根3≥10

80％敵敵畏乳油播種前，浸泡姜種5min～10min3≥10

異形眼蕈蚊80％敵敵畏乳油入窖前，1000倍噴窖3≥10

80％敵敵畏乳油入窖內(nèi)后，在鋸末上點(diǎn)燃熏蒸姜窖3≥10

20％除蟲(chóng)脲懸浮劑5g/667m2～12.5g/667m2噴施3≥10

姜弄蝶20％敵滅靈懸浮劑5g/667m2～12.5g/667m2噴施3≥10

20％滅幼脲懸浮劑5g/667m2～12.5g/667m2噴施3≥10

8

DB43/T2413—2022

附錄B

（資料性）

江永香姜生產(chǎn)記錄

B.1生產(chǎn)操作記錄見(jiàn)表B.1。

表B.1生產(chǎn)操作記錄

丘塊名稱面積（667m2）品種

土壤種類及操作日期

序號(hào)操作內(nèi)容與方法完成情況及效果記載人

肥力、前作（月、日）

1

2

B.2投入品使用記錄見(jiàn)表B.2。

表B.2投入品使用記錄

丘塊名稱面積（667m2）品種

使用日期

序號(hào)品名劑型生產(chǎn)廠家用量施用方法效果記載人

（月、日）

1

2

……

a根據(jù)投入品順序逐項(xiàng)記載。

b用量為每667m2用量，化肥計(jì)量單位用kg，農(nóng)藥計(jì)量單位用g或ml。

B.3物候期記錄見(jiàn)表B.3。

表B.3物候期記錄

丘塊名稱面積（667m2）品種

＞12℃

芋鞭子芽膨大期（月、日）發(fā)芽至總?cè)~

播種期發(fā)芽期齊苗期成熟期的有效

發(fā)生期發(fā)生期成熟片數(shù)記載人

（月、日）（月、日）（月、日）（月、日）積溫

（月、日）（月、日）始期高峰期末期（d）（片）

（℃）

9

DB43/T2413—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·····················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································1

3術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義············································································································1

4產(chǎn)地環(huán)境···············································································································1

5整地施肥···············································································································2

6種姜的選擇和處理···································································································2

7播種·····················································································································2

8田間管理···············································································································3

9病蟲(chóng)害防治············································································································3

10收獲與留種···········································································································5

11運(yùn)輸和貯藏···········································································································5

12廢棄物處理························································································