2025屆高考英語詞根詞綴素材

高中英語最實用的詞根詞綴匯總1.詞根（Root）act：表示“做，行動”activate(使激活),react(反應),interact(互動)aud：表示“聽”audience(聽眾),audible(聽得見的),audio(音頻)dict：表示“說”dictate(命令),predict(預言),contradict(反駁)graph/gram：表示“寫，畫”autograph(簽名),diagram(圖表),biography(傳記)ject：表示“扔，投”reject(拒絕),project(項目),inject(注射)port：表示“攜，帶”transport(運輸),import(進口),export(出口)rupt：表示“斷裂，破”disrupt(擾亂),erupt(爆發(fā)),interrupt(打斷)spect：表示“看”inspect(檢查),respect(尊重),suspect(懷疑)struct：表示“建造”construct(建造),structure(結構),instruct(指導)tract：表示“拉，拖”attract(吸引),contract(合同),extract(提取)2.前綴（Prefix）a-/an-：表示“無，不”amoral(無道德的),anarchy(無政府狀態(tài)),anonymous(匿名的)anti-：表示“反，對抗”antibiotic(抗生素),antifreeze(防凍劑),antibody(抗體)co-/com-/con-：表示“共同，一起”cooperate(合作),community(社區(qū)),connect(連接)dis-：表示“否定，相反”disagree(不同意),disappear(消失),disapprove(不贊成)in-/im-/il-/ir-：表示“否定，不”invisible(看不見的),impossible(不可能的),illegal(非法的),irregular(不規(guī)則的)pre-：表示“在前，預先”predict(預測),preview(預覽),prepare(準備)re-：表示“再次，重新”rewrite(重寫),rebuild(重建),review(復習)sub-：表示“在下，次級”submarine(潛水艇),subway(地鐵),substitute(代替)3.后綴（Suffix）-able/-ible：表示“能...的”acceptable(可接受的),visible(可見的),flexible(靈活的)-ful：表示“充滿...的”joyful(充滿快樂的),hopeful(充滿希望的),useful(有用的)-less：表示“無...的”hopeless(無望的),fearless(無畏的),endless(無盡的)-ment：表示“狀態(tài)或結果”agreement(協(xié)議),enjoyment(享受),development(發(fā)展)-ness：表示“性質，狀態(tài)”happiness(幸福),kindness(善良),darkness(黑暗)-tion/-sion：表示“動作或狀態(tài)”action(行動),decision(決定),discussion(討論)一些特例動詞——形容詞sleep→asleepdie

→

deadenjoy

→

enjoyable動詞——現(xiàn)在分詞轉化為名詞boat

→

boatingbuild

→

buildingbegin

→

beginningcross

→

crossingmeet

→

meetingturn

→

turning名詞——形容詞friend

→

friendlysouth

→

southernwool

→

woolendanger

→

dangerousdifference

→

differentfry

→

friedworry

→

worried動詞——過去分詞轉為形容詞break

→

brokenlose

→lostplease

→

pleasedcolour

→

coloured動詞——名詞know

→

knowledgeplease

→

pleasure動詞——名詞farm

→

farmer動詞——現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞轉為形容詞follow

→

followinginterest

→

interested

（“感興趣的”

只作表語，僅用于be

interested

in）interest

→

interesting

“有趣的”可作表語和定語develop

→

developed

“發(fā)達的”develop

→

developing

“發(fā)展中的”后綴法變名詞-ence,-ance結尾的名詞:存在exist—existence發(fā)生occur—occurrence查閱/參考refer—reference更喜歡/偏好prefer—preference不同differ—difference接受accept—acceptance出現(xiàn)appear—appearance履行perform—performance抵制resist—resistance指導guide—guidance進入enter—entrance保險insure—insurance幫助assist—assistance忍受

endure—endurance/tolerate—tolerance(2)-tion,-sion結尾的名詞:生產produce—production介紹introduce—introduction消費consume—consumption減少reduce—reduction認為/假設assume—assumption/suppose—supposition毀滅

destroy—destruction描寫describe—description打斷

interrupt—interruption采納/收養(yǎng)

adopt—adoption防止

prevent—prevention接收/接待處receive—reception解決

solve—solution進化evolve—evolution建議

suggest—suggestion編輯/版本

edit—edition展覽

exhibit—exhibition打算/意圖

intend—intention認出recognize—recognition解釋/定義

define—definition保護

protect—protection方向/指導direct—direction指令

instruct—instruction建設construct—construction注射

inject—injection感染

infect—infection駁斥

reject—rejection反對

object—objection/oppose—opposition連接connect—connection收集

collect—collection糾正

correct—correction視察

inspect—inspection挑選select—selection選舉

elect—election限制

restrict—restriction抵觸/矛盾contradict—contradiction保留

reserve—reservation保存

preserve—preservation保護conserve—conservation觀察observe—observation挨餓starve—starvation組織organize—organization文明

civilize—civilization認識

realize—realization考試examine—examination決定determine—determination形成form—formation通知

inform—information想象

imagine—imagination運輸transport—transportation邀請invite—invitation期待expect—expectation誘惑

tempt—temptation改編/適應

adapt—adaptation移民

immigrate—immigration模仿

imitate—imitation準備prepare—preparation探索explore—exploration考慮consider—consideration宣布

declare—declaration裝飾

decorate—decoration激發(fā)/靈感

inspire—inspiration放松/休閑

relax—relaxation交流communicate—communication占用/職業(yè)

occupy—occupation滿足satisfy—satisfaction申請/應用

apply—application暗示

imply—implication推薦

recommend—recommendation口譯/理解

interpret—interpretation結合

combine—combination操作/手術

operate—operation猶豫hesitate—hesitation教育educate—education定位

locate—location指出

indicate—indication參加

participate—participation計算

calculate—calculation欣賞/感激appreciate—appreciation聯(lián)想/協(xié)會

associate—association分離

separate—separation冬眠

hibernate—hibernation賠償

compensate—compensation調查

investigate—investigation慶祝

celebrate—celebration祝賀

congratulate—congratulation翻譯

translate—translation積累

accumulate—accumulation加速

accelerate—acceleration捐贈

donate—donation解放liberate—liberation動力motivate—motivation革新innovate—innovation集中concentrate—concentration游行/示威

demonstrate—demonstration貢獻contribute—contribution分發(fā)

distribute—distribution促進

promote—promotion致力

devote—devotion/dedicate—dedication沮喪

frustrate—frustration/depress—depression印象impress—impression表達express—expression擁有/財產possess—possession討論discuss—discussion擴大

expand—expansion延伸extend—extension承認

admit—admission允許

permit—permission排放

emit—emission爆炸explode—explosion結論conclude—conclusion決定

decide—decision劃分divide—division迷惑confuse—confusion(3)-ment結尾的名詞:廣告

advertise—advertisement同意

agree—agreement驚奇amaze—amazement吃驚

astonish—astonishment通告announce—announcement安排

arrange—arrangement評估assess—assessment發(fā)展

develop—development失望disappoint—disappointment雇用/就業(yè)employ—employment鼓舞

encourage—encouragement款待/娛樂entertain—entertainment裝備

equip—equipment統(tǒng)治/政府govern—government改進improve—improvement

投資

invest—investment卷入

involve—involvement管理

manage—management懲罰

punish—punishment要求

require—requirement退休

retire—retirement定居/定居處settle—settlement闡述/陳述

state—statement對待/治療treat—treatment以……為基礎/地下室base—basement鋪/人行道

pave—pavement完成/成就achieve—achievement/accomplish—accomplishment(4)-ness結尾的名詞:adj.—n.意識aware—aw