2025年高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)28 閱讀理解＋完形填空

練習(xí)28閱讀理解+完形填空

I.閱讀理解

A

2024?深圳市高三調(diào)研應(yīng)用文285詞★★☆☆☆

“You'resosmart!”Thisencouragingresponsetochildren'smathperformanceiscommonlyheard.Recently,

anewstudy,conductedbytheUniversityofGeorgia,foundthatencouragingchildrenwithresponsesrelatedto

theirpersonalcharacteristicsorinbornabilitiesmightweakentheirmathmotivationandachievementovertime.

Parentswhomakecommentslinkingtheirchildren'sperformancetopersonalcharacteristicslikeintelligence

areusingwhat'sreferredtoaspersonresponses.Incontrast,parentswholinktheirchildren'sactions,suchas

effortsorstrategyuse,totheirperformanceareusingprocessresponses.

Forthestudy,researchersaskedmorethan500parentstoreportonhowtheyrespondedtotheirchildren's

mathperformanceandtheirmathbeliefsandgoals.Childrenwereassessedintwowavesacrossayeartomeasure

theirmathmotivationandachievement.

Theresultsshowthatparentswhoviewmathabilityaschangeablearemorelikelytogiveprocessresponses

focusedontheirchildren'sstrategyuseandeffortsratherthantheirintelligenceorotherpersonalcharacteristics.In

contrast,parentswhobelievemathabilityisunchangeableandthatmathfailurecan'tbeconstructivegivemore

personresponses.Parentswithhighexpectationsfortheirchildrengiveacombinationofbothresponses.While

responseshighlightingstrategyandeffortsarenotrelatedtoanyachievementoutcomes,childrenwhoreceivemore

responsesabouttheirpersonalcharacteristics-inparticular,relatedtofailure-aremorelikelytoavoidharder

mathproblems,exhibithigherlevelsofmathanxiety,andscoreloweronmathachievementtests.

Becausepersonresponsespredictpoormathadjustmentinchildrenovertime,researcherssuggestparents

limitthistypeofresponsesathome.Anotherrecommendationforparentsistothinkabouttheirownbeliefsand

goalsfortheirkidsandexaminehowthesemightleadthemtorespondinpersonorprocessways.Simplytelling

parentstoavoidtalkingaboutmathabilitymaynotbeenough.Focusinglessonhowchildrenperformandmoreon

theirstrategyandenjoymentofmathmightbeamoreeffectivewaytoenhancemotivation.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要講述了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，用孩子們的個(gè)人特征或天生能力鼓勵(lì)他們，可能

會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的推移削弱他們的數(shù)學(xué)動(dòng)機(jī)和成就。

1.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofprocessresponses?

A.Youarealuckydog.

B.Runningisinyourblood.

C.Whatworkswellforyourstudy?

D.Whyareyousuchamathgenius?

答案與解析：c推斷。明題意：本題問“以下哪一項(xiàng)是過程性反饋的例子？”一尋線索：根據(jù)第二段

中的“parentswholinktheirchildren'sactions,suchaseffortsorstrategyuse,totheirperformanceareusing

processresponses”可知，過程性反饋與孩子的策略應(yīng)用或努力等行為相關(guān)f定答案：C項(xiàng)“什么對(duì)你的學(xué)習(xí)

很有用呢”是對(duì)策略方面的反饋，故C項(xiàng)正確。

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudyresults?

A.Parentsprefertogivemoreprocessresponses.

B.Childrenaremorelikelytobeaffectedbymathanxiety.

C.Processresponseshelpwithchildren'smathachievement.

D.Personresponsescandiscouragechildrenfromlearningmath.

答案與解析：D推斷。根據(jù)第四段中的""childrenwhoreceivemoreresponses...exhibithigherlevelsofmath

anxiety,andscoreloweronmathachievementtests”可知，接受更多個(gè)人特征相關(guān)的反饋的孩子更可能避開更

難的數(shù)學(xué)題，展現(xiàn)出更高水平的數(shù)學(xué)焦慮，且在數(shù)學(xué)測(cè)試中得分更低。據(jù)此可以推斷，個(gè)人特征相關(guān)的反

饋可能會(huì)打擊孩子學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)的信心，故D項(xiàng)正確。

3.Whatdoresearchersadviseparentstodo?

A.Restrictpersonresponses.

B.Defendtheirownbeliefs.

C.Stresschildren'sperformance.

D.Ignorechildren'smathproblems.

答案與解析：A理解具體信息。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Becausepersonresponsespredict...parentslimitthis

typeofresponsesathome”可知，研究人員建議家長(zhǎng)在家里限制（減少）使用個(gè)人反饋，故A項(xiàng)正確。

4.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheStrategyChildrenAdopttoLearnMathHelps

B.TheWayParentsTalktoChildrenonMathMatters

C.ResponsestoEnhanceChildren'sMathPerformance

D.SuggestionsforParentstoTeachTheirChildrenMath

答案與解析：B理解文章主旨要義。根據(jù)第一段中的“encouragingchildrenwithresponsesrelated

to..motivationandachievementovertime”可知，用孩子們的個(gè)人特征或天生能力相關(guān)的反饋鼓勵(lì)他們,可能

會(huì)削弱他們的數(shù)學(xué)動(dòng)機(jī)和成就；第二段介紹了家長(zhǎng)的兩種反饋模式；第三、四段講述了相關(guān)研究；最后一

段提出了一些建議，充分說明了使用正確反饋方式的重要性，故B項(xiàng)“父母和孩子們談?wù)摂?shù)學(xué)的方式很重

要”適合作本文的標(biāo)題。

B

2024?四省高考測(cè)試記敘文314詞★★★☆☆

AsayounggirlgrowingupinFrance,SarahToumidreamedofbecomingaleaderwhocouldmaketheworld

abetterplace.Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisian

fathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.Theresheorganizedhomeworkclubsand

activitiesforchildren.

Toumiwitnessedfirst-handthedestructiveeffectofdesertification."Within10yearsrichfarmersbecame

worseoff,andin10yearsfromnowtheywillbepoor.IwantedtostoptheSaharaDesertinitstracks.Adecrease

inaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughts（干旱）haveledtoanestimated75percentof

Tunisia'sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.

Toumirecognizedthatfarmingpracticesneededtochange.Sheisconfidentthatsmalllandareascanbring

largereturnsiffarmersareabletoadaptbyplantingsustainablecrops,usingnewtechnologiesforwatertreatment

andfocusingonnaturalproductsandfertilisers（月巴料）ratherthanchemicals.

In2012,Toumiconsolidatedherdreamtofightthedesert.ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogramme

namedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophyintoaction.i6Iwanttoshowyoungpeopleinrural

areasthattheycancreateopportunitieswheretheyare.Nobodyisbetterabletounderstandtheimpactof

desertificationandclimatechangethansomebodywhoislivingwithnoaccesstowater.^^

BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmers

recordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotect

Tunisia'sfarmland.Sheexpectstoplant1milliontreesby2018.Inthenextcoupleofyears,Toumihopestoextend

theprogrammetoAlgeriaandMorocco.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章講述的是小時(shí)候SarahToumi和父親去突尼斯度假，發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)田荒漠化很嚴(yán)重，

后來她成立AcaciasforAll,想通過種植金合歡樹來保護(hù)突尼斯的農(nóng)田，并且初見成效。

5.HowdidToumi'sholidaytripstoTunisiainfluenceher?

A.Theymadeherdecidetoleavethecountry.

B.Theyhelpedherbetterunderstandherfather.

C.Theyfiredherenthusiasmforhelpingothers.

D.Theydestroyedherdreamofbeingateacher.

答案與解析：C理解具體信息。明題意：本題問“Toumi去突尼斯的度假如何影響了她？”一尋線索：

根據(jù)第一段中“Herpassiontohelpothers...intheeastofthecountryduringholidays”可知，當(dāng)她陪著她的父親在

假期去他在該國(guó)東部的出生地時(shí)，她幫助他人的熱情被喚醒了一定答案：故C項(xiàng)“他們激起了她幫助他人

的熱情“正確。

6.WhatisthemaincauseofthedesertificationofTunisia'sfarmland?

A.Lowrainfall.B.Soilpollution.

C.Coldweather.D.Forestdamage.

答案與解析：A理解具體信息。根據(jù)第二段中"Adecreaseinaveragerainfall...75percentofTunisia's

agriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification^^可知，平均降雨量的減少和干旱嚴(yán)重程度的增加導(dǎo)致突尼

斯大約75%的農(nóng)業(yè)用地受到荒漠化的威脅。故A項(xiàng)正確。

7.WhydidToumisetupAcaciasforAllinTunisia?

A.Tocreatejobopportunitiesforyoungpeople.

B.Tohelpthechildrenobtainabasiceducation.

C.Topersuadethefarmersnottousefertilizers.

D.Tofacilitatetheprotectionoftheirfarmland.

答案與解析：D理解具體信息。根據(jù)第四段中“In2012,Toumiconsolidatedherdream...puthersustainable

farmingphilosophyintoaction”可知,2012年,Toumi鞏固了她對(duì)抗沙漠的夢(mèng)想,她搬到突尼斯，創(chuàng)立Acacias

forAll是為了將自己的可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)理念付諸行動(dòng)，目的是促進(jìn)農(nóng)田保護(hù)。故D項(xiàng)正確。

8.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.SavingWaterinTunisia

B.PlantingTreesofNativeSpecies

C.HoldingbacktheSahara

D.FightingPovertyinNorthAfrica

答案與解析:c理解文章主旨要義。首段介紹Toumi陪同父親到了突尼斯，幫助他人的熱情被喚醒了。

根據(jù)第二段中“IwantedtostoptheSaharaDesertinitstracks”可知，Toumi想試圖阻止撒哈拉沙漠的繼續(xù)惡化，

接下來就開始介紹Toumi搬到突尼斯，并創(chuàng)立AcaciasforAll,想通過種植植物來保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)田，并且取得

初步成效。故C選項(xiàng)“HoldingbacktheSahara”最適合作本文標(biāo)題。

II.完形填空

2024?石家莊市質(zhì)檢夾敘夾議文190詞★★★☆☆

Sculptureisanimportantartformtohighlightacountry'snationalspirit.Chinesesculpturemasterpieces

]partsofChinesehistoryforfuturegenerationstolearn,andsincethey're2art,theydisplay

vividlytraditionalChineseculture.

Ihavebeen3myrangeofsculpturecreationstomakethemmorediverse,whilealsomaking

useof4advantagesofsculpturestohavetheChinese5heard.Forexample,Iemployedthe

universalimageofthebridgetocreatethesculpture“GoldenBridgeonSilkRoad”,and6itwiththe

BeltandRoadInitiative.The7IchoseformyworkwastheZhaozhouBridgebuilt1，400years

ago.Thissculpturehasservedasa8thingforsomeoftheimportant9activitiesinChinaasit

representsoneaspectofournationalspirit.It'shelped10theappealofChineseculturetopresent

foreigners.11,Ialsomade“BoatofFate"tointerprettheideaoftheChineseJ2"peopleinthe

sameboatshouldhelpeachother”.

RichtraditionalChineseculture13thepracticesofthenewagehasprovided

14sourcesforartcreation-there'snowaywelackinspiration.Topromotethecreativedevelopmentof

Chineseculture,artwillsurelydoits15.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者一直在擴(kuò)大自己的雕塑創(chuàng)作范圍，讓世界聽到中國(guó)的聲

音。

1.A.recordB.mention

C.affectD.evaluate

答案與解析：A考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“forfuturegenerationstolearn”可知，中國(guó)雕塑杰作

記錄了(record)中國(guó)歷史的一部分，以讓后人了解學(xué)習(xí)。mention“提到“；affect"影響"；evaluate"評(píng)價(jià)，

評(píng)估”。

2.A.creativeB.visual

C.originalD.popular

答案與解析：B考查形容詞詞義辨析。由下文中的“displayvividly”可知，由于是視覺藝術(shù)，中國(guó)雕

塑杰作生動(dòng)地展示了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化。creative”有創(chuàng)造力的"；visual”視力的，視覺的“；original“獨(dú)創(chuàng)的,

起初的”。

3.A.adjustingB.determining

C.graspingD.expanding

答案與解析：D考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“tomakethemmorediverse”可知，作者一直在擴(kuò)

大自己的雕塑創(chuàng)作范圍。adjust"調(diào)整”；determine"查明，確定“；grasp“理解"；expand“擴(kuò)大”。

4.A.educationalB.academic

C.artisticD.political

答案與解析：C考查形容詞詞義辨析。雕塑是一種藝術(shù)，根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，作者同時(shí)也在利用雕塑的藝

術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì)。academic"學(xué)術(shù)的“；artistic“藝術(shù)的"；political“政治的”。

5.A.musicB.voice

C.languageD.tune

答案與解析：B考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容，尤其是空后的“heard”可知，此處表示讓中國(guó)聲音

（即態(tài)度、意見）被聽到。voice"意見，態(tài)度，心聲”。

6.A.equippedB.compared

C.combinedD.replaced

答案與解析：C考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和雕塑名字可知，作者在創(chuàng)作雕塑《絲路金橋》時(shí)，利

用了橋的通用形象，并將其與“一帶一路”倡議相結(jié)合。equip"配備，裝備“；compare“比較”；

combine"結(jié)合"；replace"替代"。

7.A.appearanceB.model

C.themeD.title

答案與解析：B考查名詞詞義辨析。前面提到作者創(chuàng)作雕塑《絲路金橋》時(shí)利用了橋的通用形象，再

結(jié)合下文中的^theZhaozhouBridgebuilt1,400yearsago,?可知，作者選擇以1400年前建造的趙州橋?yàn)槟?/p>

型。appearance“外觀”；model“模型"；theme“主題"；title"標(biāo)題”。

8.A.grandB.ceremonial

C.historicalD.symbolic

答案與解析：D考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文中的"asitrepresentsoneaspectofournationalspirit”可

知，這座雕塑曾作為在中國(guó)舉辦的一些重要國(guó)際活動(dòng)的標(biāo)志性景觀。grand“宏偉的"；ceremonial”禮儀的，

禮節(jié)的”;historical”（有關(guān)）歷史的“；symbolic”使用象征的,作為象征的，象征性的“。

9.A.internationalB.nationwide

C.recreationalD.citywide

答案與解析：A考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“itrepresentsone...presentforeigners”可知，此處

應(yīng)指在中國(guó)舉辦的一些重要國(guó)際(international)活動(dòng)。nationwide”全國(guó)性的，遍及全國(guó)的“；recreational”娛

樂的，消遣的“；citywide“全市性的”。

10.A.teachB.owe

C.offerD.exhibit

答案與解析：D考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)空后的"theappealofChineseculturetopresentforeigners”可知，

這座雕塑展示了中國(guó)文化的魅力。exhibit”表現(xiàn)，顯示“。

11.A.ConsequentlyB.Eventually

C.AdditionallyD.Frequently

答案與解析：C考查副詞詞義辨析。上文提到作者創(chuàng)作了《絲路金橋》，下文提到作者還創(chuàng)作了《命

運(yùn)之舟》。因此此處表示“此外"。consequently”結(jié)果,因此“；eventually“最終”；additionally"此外,

另外“；frequently“頻繁地”。

12.A.characterB.tale

C.customD.idiom

答案與解析：D考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下文中的"peopleinthesameboatshouldhelpeachother”可知，

作者還創(chuàng)作了雕塑《命運(yùn)之舟》，以詮釋中國(guó)成語(yǔ)“同舟共濟(jì)”的思想。character"角色，性格”；tale“故

事，講述"，custom"習(xí)慣，風(fēng)俗”；idiom"成語(yǔ)，習(xí)語(yǔ)”。

13.A.focusedonB.coupledwith

C.basedonD.filledwith

答案與解析：B考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。根據(jù)全文闡述，尤其是下文中的“there、