新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第五冊答案

新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第五冊答案

Unitl

SectionA

IIIVocabulary

1.prevalent2.permeated3.decisive4.inherent

5.literally6.blessing7.literacy8.mingled

9.distorted10.formidable11.precedent12.certified

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.simulate14.doomed15.cloning

IV1.huntdown2.absorbedinto3.haveaccessto4.withtheexceptionof

5.Forthatmatter6.Intheabsenceof7.withrespectto8.istailoredto

9.berestrictedto10.callsfor11.inlargemeasure12.rangedfrom

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.ignorantof14.tosomeextent15.filledwith

VCollocation

1.understanding2.system3.muscles4.technique

5.skills6.ability7.film8.insights

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

9.imagination10.resources

VITranslation

1.Inaworldfullofmisinformationitisaformidablechallengeforthestudentsto

learntoidentifythetrue,the

beautiful,andthegood.

2.Anyformofmountaineeringhasitsinherentdanger.Afterall,itisanadventure

sport.

3.Theuniversitywillpermitadegreeofindividualinstructionandthestudentsmay

receiveacurriculum

tailoredtotheirneeds,learningstyleandpace.

4.Itissaidthattheunderstandingofthegeneticbasisoflearningwilltelluswhich

youngstersarelikelyto

advancequicklyandwhichonesseemdoomedto"difficult"schoolexperiences.

5.IthasbeenreportedthatinCanadaliterallythousandsoflakesandriversareno

longerabletosupportfish

orplants.

6.Incountrieswithrelativelyhighliteracyrates,booksplayanimportantpartin

enrichingpeople'slives.

7.Theessenceofgovernmentinterventionhasbeentolimitanddistortcompetition

ratherthantoencourageit.

8.ThegreatcauseofreformbeingcarriedoutbyChinesepeopleiswithoutprecedent

inhistory.

9.Practiceinsimulatedexaminationconditionsmustnotbedelayeduntilclosetothe

examinationtime.

10.Peoplehavefoundthatthelionsandwolvesintheforestoftenhuntdownlive

animalsbycooperative

efforts.

VIITranslation

TheInternet'sspeed,vastresources,anditsabilitytodirectlycommunicatewithothers

areitsgreatest

benefits.BecausetheInternetusesthequicknessofcomputerstotransmititsdata,

informationcantravelat

tremendousspeeds.Speedisnottheonlybenefit.TheInternetuseshundredsof

thousandsofcomputersall

connectedtoeachothertostorevastamountsofinformation.Andfinally,becausethe

Internetallows

individualstohavespecificelectronicmailaddresses,peoplecaneasilycommunicate

withoneanother.

VIIITranslation

1.可能除了教會以外，很少有機構(gòu)做主管下一代正規(guī)教育的學(xué)校/教育機構(gòu)那樣

缺乏變化了。

2.來自過去的參觀者一眼就能辨認出現(xiàn)在的課堂，但很難適應(yīng)現(xiàn)今一個10歲孩

子的校外世界，

3.但變化在我們的世界中是如此迅速和明確，以至于學(xué)校不可能維持現(xiàn)狀或僅

僅做一些表面的改善而

生存下去。

4.在某種程度上，這些科技輔助設(shè)施已被吸納到校園生活中，盡管他們往往只

是用一種更方便，更有

效的模式教授舊課程。

5.計算機將在一定程度上允許針對個人的授課，這種授課形式以往只向有錢人

提供。

6.我們再也無須花費很長時間查找某個出處或某個人—現(xiàn)在信息的傳遞是瞬

時的。

7.信息和虛假信息輕易地混雜在一起，現(xiàn)在還沒有將網(wǎng)上十分普遍的被歪曲的

事實和一派胡言與真實

含義區(qū)分開來的可靠手段。

8.今天，數(shù)以百萬計的信息源人人伸手可及，這種情況是史無前例的。

9.一些權(quán)威人士堅持認為這些發(fā)現(xiàn)應(yīng)該應(yīng)用于特定情況中，而另一些人則極力

反對在基因信息基礎(chǔ)上

所做的任何決定。

10.如果年青人要為自己期望承擔(dān)的迅速變換的角色作好準備，那么必須培養(yǎng)出

新的和富于想像力的方

法。

IXEssaysummary

1.B2.A3.C4.D5.D6.B7.B8.A9.C10.A

11.D12.B13.C14.D15.A16.A17.C18.B19.D20.A

XIStructuredWriting

Schoolshavetochangerapidlyandradicallytomeetthedemandsandexpectationsof

innumerablespecialinterestsfromthechangingworld.Nowadaysfewpeoplewill

remaininthesameoccupationfortheirwholelives.Manyofthemwillmove

frequentlyfromonepositionandcompanytoanother.Schooleducationmustenable

youngsterstoeducatethemselvesandtopreparethemselvesforaconstantlychanging

jobmarket.Theeducationthatwasessentiallydesignedtomakesurethatindividuals

couldcarryoutasinglejobhasbeenseriouslychallenged.Besides,thereisastrong

demandthatschoolsshouldpermitadegreeofindividualinstructiontoeverystudent.

Everystudentshouldreceiveacurriculumdesignedandmodifiedaccordingtohis

ownneeds,hisownlearningstyleandhisownlearningpace.Thetimewhenallthe

studentswereworkingonthesamematerialsanddoingthesamedrillsisgone

forever.

SectionB

XIIIComprehensionoftheText

1.Itmeansasateacher,oneshouldmakehisowndecisionsinteaching,insteadof

passivelyfollowingothers.

2.Itstandsfortheteacher'sinnervoice,i.e.his/heropinions,ideas,etc.

3.Theyareoptimistic,thinkingthatbeingateacherisvaluable,andtheyareresolved

tomakeadifference.

4.Becausetheyfindthatasteacherstheyarenothingmorethanfactoryworkers,and

theschoolsystemis

barelymorethana19th-centuryfactorywherestudentscollectbasicskillsonan

assemblyline.

5.Teachers,likefactoryworkers,arebusyacceptingeverythingpassively,therefore

havingnotimetoreflect

ordream.Thus,theyareunabletopositivelycontributetoschooling'soriginalpurpose,

i.e.,tonourish

mindsandmolddreams.

6.Theauthoristryingtoshowtheresultofacceptingeverythingpassively—the

teachercannotstandtalland

proud;andtheinspectorswillbelievethatheiscrippled,andthat"thesuitis

well-fitting".

7.Becauseifnot,theymaybeintrouble,orbeexiledbytheircolleagues.

8.Thetailorcanbestatedepartments,schoolsuperintendents,parents,principalsor

specialinterestgroups.

9.Theresultisthatteachersbecomebusyandtired,andlosetheabilitytoknowwhat

istrulyimportant.

10.Onlywhentheteachersactfromtheirownvoicecanrealimprovementsbemade

toeducation.

XIVVocabulary

1.crippled2.tugged3.limped4.affirms

5.nourishing6.assimilating7.nurture8.tucked

9.murmurs10.indignant11.staggered12.pleading

XV1.from2.with3.into4.on5.of6.down

7.up8.of9.out/in10.with11.up12.about

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.out14.on15.out

SectionC

1.F2.T3.F4.F5.F6.F7.F8.F9.T10.F

新視野英語教程第五冊課后答案unit2

UnitTwo

IIComprehensionoftheText

I.Becausetheycouldn'tlivelongerwithoutgrowingolder.

2.BewasmorefamousforhissearchfortheFountainofYouth.

3.Theytakeabathintubsofwarmmudandreceiveinjectionsofmonkeyglands.

4.Manypeoplecanreachtheagetheyaredesignedforbecauseoftheirbeingwelloff.

5.Theemphasisisonfindingwaystoensurethatmorepeopleachievethemaximum

lifespanhealthy

conditions.

6.Hehatedexerciseandnevertookany.

7.Becausetheyreproducelessordon'treproduceatall.

8.Itcanhelpslowdownageing.

9.Oldpeoplewouldsoonendupasahugemajorityandtheplanetwouldhavetrouble

supportingsomany

people.

10.Theauthorthinksthatoldageisoneofthenaturalphenomena,anditisthelast

panofone'slife.

IIVocabulary

1.terminating2.originates3.tempted4.afflicted

5.optimum6.rapture7.adhered8.persistent

9.diminishing10.despised11.patented12.manipulate

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.promising14.necessitate15.perish

IV1.searchingfor2.endedup3.inthehopeof4.lookedforwardto

5.holdonto6.intime7.welloff8.conditions

9.involvedin10.tosuchanextent11.originatedin12.adheredto

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.perishedfrom14.sloweddown15.handedout

VCollocation

1.abilities2.quality3.condition4.standard

5.system6.chances7.utilization8.skills

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

9.efficiency10.environment

VITranslation

1.Duringthatbattlealargenumberofmenperishedfromhungerandthirstduetothe

severeshortageoffood.

2.ThisresearchprojectbasfurtherprovedthatfireworkshaveoriginatedinChina.

3.Heistemptedtogothereinpersonandcheckouthowtheaccidenthappened.

4.Atpresent,peoplehavenotfoundaneffectivewaytocurethisdisease,whichisstill

afflictingoldpeople.

5.Thecontractormustadheretothecontractandcompletetheimportantprojecton

time.

6.Withpersistentefforts,theyfinallysettledthedisputebetweenthetworegions.

7.IfPartyBfailsindeliveringgoodsatagiventime,PartyAisentitledtoterminate

thecontractandclaimfor

anyloss.

8.Itusuallytakesaweektopatentone'sinvention.

9.Acleverpoliticianknowswellhowtomanipulatethepublicopinionandtake

advantageofhissupporters.

10.Theamountofwaterintileriversandlakeswilldiminishasthedryseason

continues.

VIITranslation

Withthe21stcenturycoming,peoplehaveincreasinglyrealizedfileimportanceof

acquiringroundeasy

information.IfanationcanmakeeffectiveuseofalltheinformationitwillbenefitIn

thefieldsofscientific

research,education,economicdevelopment,etc.Whatthenationneedstodoisto

establishanation-wide

"informationnetwork",soastolinkupscientists,businessmen,educators,etc.Ifsuch

anetworkissetup,it

willpromotethesecondinformationrevolutioninthecountry.

VIIITranslation

1.幾千年來，人們一直想要長壽，想不變老，然而他們總是失望。

2.許多作家總是幻想著有可以長命百歲的福地，在那里，人們以各種辦法，多

數(shù)是左道旁門的招數(shù)，

保持著他們的青春和活力。

3.雖然長壽的可能性已經(jīng)明顯加大了，但是在絕大多數(shù)有記載的歷史時期內(nèi)，

自然界賦予人類的壽命

并沒有多大變化。

4.即使主要從理論上探討，人的壽命在寫《圣經(jīng)》的那個時候就是70歲，到現(xiàn)

在也沒有增加多少。

5.在出生后的第一年里，嬰兒不再會大量死亡，在隨后的日子里人們不會因為

傳染病或者像闌尾破裂

這樣的醫(yī)療問題而死亡，也不會因為饑餓或過度勞累而死亡。

6.目前衰老研究的重點是尋求有效的方法，確保日益增多的達到最大壽限的人

能夠在最佳健康狀況下

實現(xiàn)長壽，而不是僅僅在慢性病和體力衰退的折磨下再多活兒年。

7.但是，即便是對那些遵循這些忠告的人來說，一種健康的生活方式的作用只

不過是使他們更有機會

保持就其年齡而言合理的健康狀況，而不會減緩衰老的過程。

8.唯一顯示的確能延長臭名的實驗是用實驗室動物進行的，受試的大家鼠灰色小

家鼠接受嚴格的飲食

限制。

9.衰老過程是一個復(fù)雜的事情，涉及到許多不同的基因。但是，人們即使不能

消除衰老，最終也能夠

用基因療法減緩衰老。

10.然而，老年可以說是人生戲劇中的最后一幕，當(dāng)我們疲倦時，當(dāng)我們已經(jīng)飽

嘗人生的一切之后，我

們應(yīng)該從這最后一幕中消失。

IXEssaySummary

1.D2.A3.C4.D5.B6.A7.B8.A9.C

10.Bll.D12.B13.C14.D15.A16.D17.C18.B

19.A20.D

XIIReadingSkills

1.Dr.JohnAndrews.(Para.3)

2.TheyhopetocureDNAdeficiency,andtofixageneticdefectthatcausesasevere

formofblooddisease.

(Para.5)

3.Itisaboutinjectingfunctioninggenesintotherapidlydividingcellsofembryosto

replaceflawedDNA.

(Para.7)

4.TheyworrythatAndrews'technologywouldhelpdoctorstoengineerbabiesfor

attractivetraits,and

interferingwithgenesbeforebirthmightresultinseriousbirthdefects.(Para.7)

5.In1995itabolishedfederalfundingforhumanembryoresearch;italsomadesuch

researchexemptfrom

Federalreviewsandcontrols.(Para.12)

XIIIComprehensionoftheText

LC2.C3.B4.A5.A6.C7.C8.

A9.C10.D

XIVVocabulary

1.threshold2.apt3.preview4.premature

5.abolished6.injected7.rigorous8.induced

9.epidemic10.integrity11.abortion12.appraisal

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.deficiencies14.recipient15.irony

XV

1.onto2.on3.in4.at5.from6.forth

7.In8.on9.to10.from11.at12.with

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.of14.out15.on

XIIReadingSkills

1.Theyoungpeople.(Para.1)

2.TheydominatedtheprotestsagainstthenuclearweaponsandtheVietnamWar.

(Para.2)

3.Youngpeoplearebeingaskedtoparticipateindecision-makingaffairs.(Para.5)

4.Almosteveryschoolhasanelectedstudentcouncil,handlingschool-levelissues.

(Para.7)

5.Theyarehonest,andareabletoforcesensitiveissuesoutintotheopen.(Para.10)

XIIIComprehensionoftheText

1.C2.C3.B4.A5.A6.C7.C8.A9.C10.D

XIVVocabulary

1.threshold2.apt3.preview4.premature5.abolished

6.injected7.rigorous8.induced9.epidemic10.integrity

11.abortion12.appraisal

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.deficiencies14.recipient15.irony

XV

1.onto2.on3.in4.at5.from6.forth7.In8.on

9.to10.from11.at12.with

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.of14.out15.on

XVIReadingSills

1.Theyoungpeople(Para.1)

2.TheydominatedtheprotestsagainstthenuclearweaponsandtheVietnamWar

(Para2)

3.Youngpeoplearebeingaskedtoparticipateindecisionmakingaffairs.(Para5)

4.Almosteveryschoolhasanelectedstudentcouncil,handlingschool-levelissues.

(Para.7)

5.Theyarehonest,andareabletoforcesensitiveissuesoutintotheopen.(Para10)

XVIIComprehensionoftheText

1.T2.F3.T4.T5.F6.T7.F8.T9.F10.T

新視野大學(xué)英語教程第五冊課后答案unit3

UnitThree

1.Salespromotion,advertising,personalsellingandpublicity.

2.Businesspeopleusetechniquesofsalespromotionmainlyintwoways:theyoften

useacombinationof

thesetechniques;theyusethesetechniquesassupplementarytotheotherthree

promotionalactivities.

3.Salespromotionistostimulatedemand.

4.Theyareapplicabletobothconsumersandbusinesses.Also,theycanbeusedwith

industrialsellingaswell

asconsumerproducts.

5.Becauseitbringspromotiontothepointofpurchase,whichhasbeenfoundmore

effectivethanmedia

advertising.Forexample,aUSstudyshowsthatamajorityofpurchasesin

supermarketsaregeneratedbyin-storedecisions.

6.Ithelpsconsumersbecomeacquaintedwithanewproductanditalsohelpsprovide

extracompetitive

advantagetoexistingproducts.

7.Theeffectivenessofsales-promotiontechniquesmaybereducedorevennullifiedif

theyencounter

psychologicalbarriersonthepartofshopownersand/orconsumers.Sales-promotion

techniquesthatarenot

consistentwiththelocalpreferenceswillalsobeineffective.

8.Fromthelasttwoparagraphswemaylearnthat,tomakethetechniquesofsales

promotioneffective,one

musttakeintoaccountthepsychologicalbarriersonthepartofbothshopownersand

consumers.Atthe

sametime,thetechniquesmustbeconsistentwiththelocalpreferences.

9.Positive.

lO.Theauthorwrotethispassageinordertodiscussvariousaspectsofsales-promotion

techniques,

recommendthemandadviseusingthemcarefully.

VocabularyIII

1.acquainted2.magnified3.quota4.slump

5.accommodating6.collided7.repay8.amended

9.wherebylO.launch11.filmed12.expenditure

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.stimulus14.localities15.enlightened

IV1.assuch2.failunder3.enlightenedabout

4.applicableto5.inconjunctionwith6.becomeacquaintedwith

7.issupplementaryto8.bringin9.insearchof

10.givenaway11.innature12.putup

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:

13.collidewith14.participatedin15.beconsistentwith

V.Collocation

1.education2.capacity3.knowledge4.discussion

5.population6.awareness7.empire8.operations

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:9.links10.program

VITranslation

1.Assuch,theeventevokedcuriosityandaweinmostofus.

2.Thetechniquesofsalespromotion,toworkwellmustgainthetrustofmiddlemenin

businessaswellas

consumers.Atthesametime,theyshouldbeconsistentwiththelocalpreferencesand

customs.

3.TOlaunchthisnewproductintotheEuropeanmarket,thecompanygaveaway

10,000freesamplesforthe

localconsumerstotry.

4.Astheirlifehasbeenbettered,goingontours/tripsoutintheholidayshasbecomea

fashionable/stylish

pastimeforquiteafewpeople.

5.Thepurposeofwagingthewaris,innature,tocontroltheoilresourcesinthearea.

6.Salespromotioniseffectiveinhelpingconsumersbecomeacquaintedwithanew

productwhenitisfirst

introducedtoamarket.

7.Thenewadministrationhasrealizedthateconomicreformsmustbedeepenedin

conjunctionwitheffective

measurestakentoensurethebasicconditionsofemploymentanddailylifeforthose

poorpeople.

8.Towardsitssalesobjectivethisyear,thecompanyofferedatrainingcourseto

enlightenconsumersabout

itslatestproducts.

9.Toeffectivelyraiseourproductivity,weshouldbringinadvancedmanagement

experiencefromother

countries.

10.ProfessorWu'slecturehelpedthestudentsbecomeacquaintedwiththeuseofthis

softwareproduct.Italso

gavethemanideaofsoftwaredevelopment.

VIITranslation

WiththedevelopmentofamarketeconomyinChina,techniquesofsalespromotion

havebeenmoreand

morewidelyemployed.Thepopularityofvariedandnumerouspromotionalactivities

suchasdiscounts,

bonuses,andpromotionalpartieshasgrownsteadily.Thereasonisthattheynotonly

helpmanufacturersand

businessesearnhigherandquickerprofits,butalsohelpconsumersbecomeacquainted

withtheproducts

involvedandgetsomepracticalbenefits.However,ifthesetechniquesareusedto

promoteproductsofinferior

quality,boththemanufacturersandthebusinessmenwillbemadetopayforthat.

VIIITranslation

1.一項問卷調(diào)查顯示，除去食品以外，有70%的購物行為源自于顧客在超市內(nèi)

一時沖動的決定。

2.為了使當(dāng)?shù)厝四軌蛄私庠摦a(chǎn)品，該培訓(xùn)課程運用了大量圖例，以適應(yīng)他們較

低的文化水平。

3.有些國外零售商不大愿意接受產(chǎn)品廠家提供的打折贈券，因為他們擔(dān)心廠家

不會補償其在打折銷售

中損失的款額。

4.貿(mào)易活動中經(jīng)常不加區(qū)分地使用這一概念。商務(wù)人員在說“推銷，時，實際上指

的是“促銷

5.促銷不僅可以刺激消費者的需求，也可以鼓勵中間商加大對銷售產(chǎn)品的支持。

6.有五分之三的公司開始增加對非媒體宣傳的投入，如在產(chǎn)品交易會擺設(shè)攤位,

使顧客能直接購買產(chǎn)

品。

7.一家航空公司向顧客贈送打折卡，用這種卡在一家有名的服裝公司購買大衣,

價格會低很多。

8.為了將百威啤酒打入英國市場，啤酒公司運用了?美國，主題，在7月4日和

感恩節(jié)播放由美國演

員在加利福尼亞拍攝的電視廣告片。

9.同時，該美國公司還得說服這些泰國中間商不要在冰箱中儲存其他公司的產(chǎn)

品，并且不要為了省電

而在夜間拔去冰箱的電源插頭。

10.正如同營銷活動的其他諸多方面一樣，促銷手段也需改進。要使所用手段產(chǎn)

生效果，就應(yīng)使其迎合

當(dāng)?shù)厝说南埠谩?/p>

IXEssaySummary

1.C2.B3.D4.A5.B6.B7.C8.C

9.A10.D11.A12.B13.D14.C15.B16.C

17.A18.D19.B20.D

XIStructuredWriting

AsChinaisincreasinglyintegratedintotheglobaleconomy,moreandmoreWestern

festivalsare

enteringandinfluencingtheChinesepeople'slives,especiallytheuniversitystudents'

life.

TakeChristmasforexample.AslongasonemonthbeforeDecember25th,the

studentsbegintheir

preparationsforthismostimportantWesternfestival.Mostactivitiesarefor

entertainmentinnaturesincethe

studentsarenotmuchconcernedwiththereligiousmeaningofChristmas.Andmost

activitiesareevening

parties,oftenlastingallnightlong.Asaresult,quiteafewstudentsfeeltiredoreven

fallasleepinclassduring

thatmonth.

AnotherincidentstillfreshinmymindtookplacelastApril.SomeofusEnglish

teachersreceivedanote

onAprilIsttosaythatalltheEnglishclassesweretobecanceledthenextday.But

actuallywewerefooled!

Likewise,studentsactinaprettywesternizedmanneronValentine'sDay.Theysayto

everyonethey

meet"darling,love"andsoonandsoforth.Ingeneral,theWesternfestivalsaddalot

offunandvarietytoa

student'slife.Atthesametime,onemustrealizethattheydochallengetheChinese

cultureandcustomstoa

certaindegree.(Words:201)

SectionB

ReadingSkills

1."Many"isobviouslyarepetitionof"30,000products".

2."LouisCheskin","aspecialist"arerepetitionsof"aforerunner".

3."Array"actuallyisarepetitionof"arrangement".

4."Getattention"issynonymousto"eye-catching"whereas"shapes"issynonymous

to"graphicelements"in

thecontext.

5."Kindlymessages"isrepeatedbythesamewordswiththesamemeaninginthenext

sentence.

6.Thesynonymousmeaningof"feminine"canbefoundin"completeness,softness

andinclusiveness"and

"positiveassociations".

XIIIComprehensionoftheText

1.B2.D3,C4.B5.D6.A7.A8.B9.D10.C

XIVVocabulary

1.consoling2.bewildered3.array4.sensation

5.inclusive6.overwhelming7.gigantic8.deemed

9.dazzled10.graphic11.consensus12.differentiating

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.integral14.trigger15.irritated

ComprehensionoftheText

1.to2.for3.with4.of5.in6.of

7.about8.under9.between10.to11.to12.with/by

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.against14.of15.on

SectionC

XVIReadingskills

1.“Smartconsumers^^issynonymousto“carowners^^whereas“Tricks”is

synonymousto“cleverpractice”.

Therefore,theyaretakenasrepetition.

2.“Severcircumstances^^issynonymousto“severconditions^^.Therefore,itistaken

asarepetition.

3."Maintenancepractices"is"services"thatappearstwiceintheaboveparagraph.

Therefore,itistakenasa

repetition.

4.Theword-adjust'isrepeatedinitsderivative—"adjusting",whichisakindof

complexrepetition.

5.Thesamewordrepetitionof-reasonable'canbefoundinthissentence.

XVIIComprehensionoftheText

1.Hereinthissentence,theauthorisactuallyusingironytoshowhisownhateforthe

slycarservice

managers.

2.Theauthorbeginshisdiscussionofthetopicbypresentinganexampleofrepair

tricks.

3.Theauthorillustrateshisgeneralideamainlythroughstatisticsandresultsobtained

fromasurveyabout

automaintenanceservicesintheUnitedStates.

4.Thesurveydisclosedsomemajortypesofdoubtfulmaintenancepractices,i.e.

reasonableservices

performedprematurely,completelyvaluelessservicesand"ghostservices".

5.Thetwomajorexcusesare"adverselocalconditions"and"stop-and-godriving".

6.Carsellersrefertotheirspecificlocalproblems,suchasthesaltyair,hotsummers

andthepoorquality

gasolineinFlorida.Yetcarmanufacturersclaimtoallowfortheselocalextremesin

theirdesigns,referring

to"severe"conditionsliketheextremelywetclimatesinjungleareasandisland

countries.

7.Suchmentioninghelpstheuserslearnaboutthetricksinthisaspectand,therefore,

towatchoutforthem.

8.1)QuotationsfromthemanagerofqualitycontrolforMazdaMotorofAmerica;

2)Advicegivenbyamanageratanothercarmaker;

3)SuggestionsgivenbytheheadoftheprogramthatapprovesAAAauto-repairshops;

4)AdvicegivenbythetechnicaleditorofCarandDrivermagazine.

9.Threesuggestionsaregiven:1)toreadtheowner'smanualandbecomeawareofthe

neededservices;2)to

consultvariousdealersandcomparetheirservices;and3)todiscussinadvancewith

theservicemanager

whatistobedoneandreviewthecost.

10.Theauthorwrotethisarticleinordertowarndriversagainsttrickyservicesoffered

bysophisticated

dealerships,andalsotohelpthemlearntoprotecttheirowninterests.

新視野大學(xué)英語教程第五冊課后答案unit4

Unitfour

ComprehensionoftheText

1.Becausetheysufferedfromlowwagesandoppressiveworkingconditions.

2.Tothefirstgenerationofimmigrants,workhadgreatvirtues.Firstofall,itensured

theirownsurvival.

Secondly,itmadeitpossibleforthemtoprovideabetterlifeandeducationfortheir

children,whichmeant

animprovementintheirsocialstatus.Lastbutnotleast,itwastheveryhardworkthat

gavetheirlaborsa

fiercedignity,whichservedasadrivingforceintheirownlife.

3.Generallyspeaking,it'sbecausethewaypeopleviewworkismuchchanged.

Specifically,therearefour

causes.Thefirstisthattoday'syoungerworkershavelittleideaaboutthepovertyand

sufferingofthe

Depressionand,therefore,don'tknowwhatworkmeanttothosewhosurvivedthe

Depression.Thesecond

causeisthatunemploymentnolongermeanspersonalruinandshamethanksto

elaboratefinancialcushions.

Thirdly,thelossofajobnowcarrieslesspersonalshame,asitcanbeblamedonthe

wildandnotorious

behavioroftheeconomy.Andfinally,worknolongerjustservesasameansof

existenceinasocietywhere

expectationsaregettinghigherwithrisingeducationallevels.

4.Toexplaintheattitudetoworkofthosewhosufferedtheextremepovertyduringthe

Depression,andto

contrastthiswiththeattitudesoftoday'syoungerworkers.

5.AccordingtoMaslow,workmeetshumanneedsinthefollowinghierarchy:first,it

providessuchbasic

meansasfoodandshelter;second,itcanprovidesecurity;third,itsatisfiestheneed

forfriendshipand

connectionwithothers;fourth,itcanhelpgainrespect;andfinally,itcansatisfythe

desirefor

self-fulfillment.

6.Maslow'sschemeisquotedtoexplainworkers'expectationschangewithsocialand

economicdevelopment.Becauseofthesechanges,workhasdifferentmeaningsto

differentgroupsin

societyastheyarepositionedatdifferentstagesintheworkhierarchy.

7.Thewomen'srightsmovementhasmadeitpossibleforwomentopursuecareers,

notjustworkformere

survival.Thatistosay,theyareworkingatthelevelof"fulfillingthemselves",which

isthehighestin

Maslow'sworkhierarchy.

8.ConditionsforsomeUSworkers,suchasthoseonassemblylines,maybe

consideredterrible.However,the

mediworkerssufferedmuchmoremiserythanthoseworkingonthemodernassembly

line.Apoor

Indianrubbishcollectorlivesamoremiserablelifethana"poor"Americancarworker.

Theaveragepeasant

inSouthAmericaworksharderthanmostofAmericans.

9.Theauthoriscautioningthatitisimportanttohaveapropersenseofperspective

aboutwork,beforemaking

judgmentsonparticularsituations.

10.WorkisthemostthoroughandprofoundorganizingprincipleinAmericanlifein

thatithelpspeople

connectwithothersinaworkcommunityand,therefore,satisfytheirneedfor

friendshipandsocial

relations.

Vocabulary

1.esteemed2.stunned3.notorious4.conferred

5.aspiration6.diluted7.hierarchy8.foremost

9.asserted10.arrogant11.dreadful12.recycling

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.intrinsic14.destructive15.gossiping

1.windup2.mergewith3.dyingoff4.laidoff

5.closeddown6.degeneratedinto7.ineffect8.apartfrom

9.irrespectiveof10.pronetoll,takesacertainamountofpeople'sinterestoutof12.

kickedaround

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:13.conferredupon14.inmuchthesameway

that15.

concentratedupon

Colocation

I.stories2.messages3,weight4.meanings

5.honor6.disease7.electricity8,tradition

ExercisesonCDandwebcourseonly:9.interest10.oxygen

Translation

I.Thosewholeadamiserablelifeoftenfailtorecognizetheinherentvirtueofworkin

earningandsustaining

theirdignity.

2.Withthelifebetteredandlevelsofeducationhigher,theworkethicisdilutednow.

3.Theyounggenerationhasmuchdifficultyunderstandingwhytheirancestorshadto

focustheirmindsupon

workasthecentralconcernofexistence.

4.AccordingtoMaslow,differentclassesandethnicgroupsarepositionedatdifferent

stagesinthework

hierarchy.

5.Indevelopingcountries,manytalentedyoungintellectualsflockindrovesto

America,whichformsthe

so-called"braindrain".

6.Ifacountryispronetohighinflation,thenitscurrencywillhavetobeduedto

maintaintheprice

competitivenessofitsexports.

7.Oneexpertinsociologybelievesthatworkisameansforpeopletobuild

relationships.Inthatsense,the

workplaceperformsthefunctionofacommunity.

8.Thedesireto"fulfillthemselves",aharmlessandevenworthyenterprise,may

sometimesdegenerateintoa

selfishdiscontent.

9.TomostAmericanstoday,theblowofbeinglaidoffseldomcarriesthe

life-and-deathimplicationsitonce

had.

10.Modemworkersmayhavealotofcomplaints.Buttheywillfeelbetterwhenthey

knowthattheir

predecessorsdidworkunderafarmorebrutalconditionduringtheearlystageofthe

IndustrialRevolution.

Workisnotonlyameansofsustaininglife.Moreim