2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測二WelcomeUnitPeriod2含解析新人教版必修第一冊

PAGE13-課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測二WelcomeUnitPeriod2Ⅰ.閱讀理解Sharon,Aged22Themostimportantthingtokeepinmindwhengoingintohighschoolistobeyourself.Besides,Idon’tknowwhatyourmiddleschoolwaslike,buthighschoolteacherswillnotcareaboutthingssuchashowmuchhomeworkyoualreadyhaveinonenight.It’sbesttojustlearntodealwiththingsandmanageyourtimewiselysoyoucanachieveeverythingyouneedto.Frank,Aged21Ithinkalmosteverykidfeelsbothnervousandexcitedbeforetheirfirstday.Youwillprobablyloveit.IknowIdid.Youshouldjoininsomesportsoractivitiesthatwillmakeyourhighschoolexperiencemoreenjoyable.Goodluck!Eddie,Aged20WhenIstartedhighschoolIwasreallynervoustoo,especiallysinceIhadbeenhome-schooledallthroughmiddleschoolanddidn’treallyknowanyone.Isupposethebestadvicewouldbetojustrelax.Thefirstcoupleofdayscanbealittlebithard,butthingswillbecomeeasierbeforeyouknowit.David,Aged19Iamnotgoingtolie.Thefirstdayiskindoffrightening.Butyou’llgetusedtoit.Don’tbeafraidofanyone;upperclassmenwillpickonyoumoreifyouletthemknowyou’reafraid.Justtakeiteasy.Makingsomefriendsandstayingwiththemwillgreatlyhelpyougetusedtohighschoolquickly.Afterthefirstweekit’sreallynotbadatall.Don’tworry.【語篇概述】本文介紹了四個(gè)人回憶自己剛上中學(xué)的情景,并就中學(xué)生活給出了自己的建議。1.WhatcanweinferfromSharonabouthighschool?A.Teachersarequitestrict.B.Studentsoftenstayupatnight.C.Teachersprovidelittlecareforstudents.D.Studentsshouldmakegooduseoftheirtime.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句“It’sbesttojustlearntodealwiththingsandmanageyourtimewiselysoyoucanachieveeverythingyouneedto.”可知,Sharon認(rèn)為在中學(xué)階段要學(xué)會處理事情,學(xué)會合理支配時(shí)間,故選D。2.HowdidEddiefeelonhisfirstdayofhighschool?A.Excited. B.Bored.C.Worried. D.Relaxed.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“WhenIstartedhighschoolIwasreallynervoustoo...”可知,當(dāng)Eddie剛起先上中學(xué)的時(shí)候很驚慌,很擔(dān)憂。故選C。3.Whomentionstheimportanceoffriends?A.Frank. B.David.C.Sharon. D.Eddie.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Makingsomefriendsandstayingwiththemwillgreatlyhelpyougetusedtohighschoolquickly.”可知,David認(rèn)為交摯友很重要,故選B。Ⅱ.完形填空Alecturerwasgivingalecturetohisstudentsonstress(壓力)management.He1aglassofwaterandaskedtheaudience,“How2doyouthinkthisglassofwateris?”

Thestudents’answersranged(改變)320gto500g.

“Itdoesnotmatterontheabsolute4.Itdependsonhow5youholdit.IfIholditforaminute,itisOK.IfIholditforanhour,Iwillhaveapaininmyrightarm.IfIholditforaday,youwillhaveto6anambulance(救援車).Itisexactlythe7weight,butthelongerIholdit,the8itbecomes.”Thewholeaudiencebecamesilent,lostinthought.

Afteramoment,thelecturercontinued,“9wecarryourburden(負(fù)擔(dān))allthetime,soonerorlater,wewillnotbeabletocarryonwiththeburdenbecomingincreasinglyheavier,tooheavyforustobear.

“Whatyouhavetodoisto10theglass,restforawhile11holdingitupagain.”

Asisshowninthestoryabove,wehavetoputdowntheburdenperiodically,sothatwecanberefreshedandareabletocarryon.Sobeforeyou12homefromworktonight,puttheburdenofworkdown.Don’tcarryitback13.Youcanpickituptomorrow.

Whateverburdenyouarehavingnowonyour14,letitdownforamomentifyoucan.

Lifeisshort;15it!

【語篇概述】我們一生中有很多的責(zé)任要擔(dān)當(dāng),但是不要讓這些責(zé)任把我們壓垮。一杯水重量不重,但是假如始終舉著,人們就不能承受。同樣的道理,背負(fù)的負(fù)擔(dān)不大,但是始終壓在心頭就會讓人難以輕松。所以我們要學(xué)會放下負(fù)擔(dān),享受生活。1.A.needed B.drankC.supported D.raised【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。need“須要”;drink“喝”;support“支持”;raise“舉起,提出”。從下文內(nèi)容“Itdependsonhow______youholdit.”可知演講者舉起一杯水,故選D。

2.A.sweetB.pure C.heavyD.much【解析】選C?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。sweet“甜的”;pure“純的”;heavy“重的”;much“很多”。依據(jù)下句的回答可知演講人問一杯水的重量,故選C。3.A.at B.from C.with D.between【解析】選B?？疾榻樵~辨析。從句意可知學(xué)生的回答從20克到500克不等,rangefrom...to“從……到……不等4.A.height B.volume C.weight D.quantity【解析】選C?？疾槊~辨析。height“高度”;volume“體積”;weight“重量”;quantity“數(shù)量”。從后文可知演講者認(rèn)為一杯水的重量是由人們端著它的時(shí)間確定的,故選C。5.A.difficult B.long C.tight D.high【解析】選B。考查形容詞辨析。difficult“困難的”;long“長的”;tight“緊的”;high“高的”。依據(jù)后文的“butthelongerIholdit”,故選B。6.A.call B.invite C.require D.ask【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。call“喊,打電話”;invite“邀請”;require“要求”;ask“問”。從語境可知假如舉一天杯子,那么就會進(jìn)醫(yī)院,故選A。7.A.right B.same C.proper D.usual【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。right“正確的,右邊的”;same“同樣的”;proper“恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?usual“通常的”。從上文可知演講者是說實(shí)際重量相同,但是時(shí)間不同,故選B。8.A.more B.lighter C.less D.heavier【解析】選D?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。more“更多的”;lighter“更輕的”;less“更少的”;heavier“更重的”。本句是“the+比較級,the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu),依據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知此處是指重量,舉杯子的時(shí)間越長,杯子就變得越重,故選D。9.A.While B.Unless C.If D.Since【解析】選C?？疾檫B詞辨析。while“當(dāng)……時(shí)”;unless“除非”;if“假如”;since“自從”。從內(nèi)容可知演講人是假設(shè)一種狀況,故選C。10.A.putaside B.putdownC.putaway D.putback【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。putaside“把……放在一邊;putdown“放下”;putaway“收起,放好”;putback“放回”。依據(jù)空格后面內(nèi)容可以推斷說話人建議人們可以放下杯子,休息后再重新舉起,故選B。11.A.by B.for C.after D.before【解析】選D?？疾榻樵~辨析。by“由,被”;for“為了”;after“在……之后”;before“在……之前”。在重新舉起之前休息一下,故選D。12.A.approach B.cleanC.leave D.return【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。approach“接近”;clean“打掃”;leave“離開”;return“歸還,回去(來)”,returnhomefromwork“下班回家”,故選D。13.A.company B.office C.home D.family【解析】選C。考查名詞辨析。company“公司”;office“辦公室”;home“家”;family“家庭”。依據(jù)上句可知是不要把工作帶回家,故選C。14.A.body B.heartC.shoulders D.hands【解析】選C?？疾槊~辨析。body“身體”;heart“心臟”;shoulders“肩膀”;hands“手”。句意:不管你現(xiàn)在肩負(fù)著什么重?fù)?dān),假如可以的話短暫把它放下。故選C。15.A.love B.like C.do D.enjoy【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。love“愛”;like“喜愛”;do“做”;enjoy“喜愛”。從上文內(nèi)容可知演講者建議人們不要總是背負(fù)著重任,要懂得休息,要享受生活,故選D?！炯挤▽?dǎo)練】閱讀理解之細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題第一步:粗讀明大意。對全文通篇速讀,捕獲全文中心思想。其三個(gè)目的:1.對文章有一個(gè)總的概念和印象,明確文章主要在講什么。2.了解文章的中心思想和作者的基本觀點(diǎn)、立場。3.記住文章的信息區(qū)間,比如什么地方是作者的觀點(diǎn),什么地方是作者所舉的例子,什么地方是作者分析的緣由等;記住一些時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人名、數(shù)字等,以便再讀時(shí)查找比對。其次步:精讀定區(qū)間。依據(jù)題干中涉及的特別信息和細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié),干脆從文章中的某一句話或者某一段落中找到相關(guān)信息,并只精讀與問題相關(guān)的句子或段落,將區(qū)間信息讀全讀透讀明,與所設(shè)計(jì)問題細(xì)致比對,細(xì)致思索,歸納總結(jié),答案便會水落石出。1.干脆理解題做這類題一般采納尋讀法,即先讀題,然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文,找出與問題有關(guān)的詞語或句子,再對相關(guān)部分進(jìn)行分析對比,找出答案。弄清細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)、精確獲得信息,確定最佳答案。典例1(2024?江蘇高考)Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.Unlikefast-foodplaces,finediningshopsprefercustomerstostaylongerandspend.Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart(莫扎特).Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore.Fastmusichurrieddinersout.Particularscentsalsohaveaneffect:dinerswhogotthescentoflavender(薰衣草)stayedlongerandspentmorethanthosewhosmelledlemon,ornoscent.Howcouldafinediningshopmakemoreprofit?A.Playingclassicalmusic.B.Introducinglemonscent.C.Makingthelightbrighter.D.Usingplatesoflargersize.【解析】選A。依據(jù)本段其次句中finediningshopsprefercustomerstostaylongerandspend和第四句Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore.可知,高檔餐廳更喜愛顧客停留更長的時(shí)間接著消費(fèi),當(dāng)播放古典音樂的時(shí)候,顧客會花費(fèi)得更多。因此高檔餐廳想多賺錢應(yīng)播放古典音樂。典例2(2017?全國卷Ⅱ)IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon’tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletotheauthoratfirst?A.PaulNewmanwantedit.B.Thestudiopowersdidn’tlikehisagent.C.Hewasn’tfamousenough.D.Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.【解析】選C。依據(jù)“Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.”可知當(dāng)時(shí)電影制片廠不想讓作者演這部電影,是因?yàn)樽髡卟粔虺雒?所以C選項(xiàng)是正確的。2.間接理解題題干對文章中事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的陳述采納轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)方式或用近義陳述的方式間接做出表達(dá)的間接細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題,其答案是無法與篇章中信息干脆對應(yīng)的,此類題目須要細(xì)致領(lǐng)悟題干中選項(xiàng)的意思,并在文章中找到與其相符合的細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié),驗(yàn)證后確定選項(xiàng)。典例3(2024?全國卷Ⅱ)Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白質(zhì)),ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物質(zhì)).TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(櫻桃),theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?A.Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.【解析】選C。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次句Asforcherries,theyaresodeliciouswhocares?可知櫻桃很美味,對應(yīng)的是C選項(xiàng)Theyhaveapleasanttaste。3.數(shù)字計(jì)算題、排列依次題、圖表圖畫題主要分類如下:(1)運(yùn)算型:理解各數(shù)據(jù)之間的關(guān)系并弄清題干所指的詳細(xì)問題。(2)選擇型:從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中篩選出與文中細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)對應(yīng)的答案。(3)轉(zhuǎn)換型:文中對數(shù)字的表達(dá)與題目要求的表達(dá)方式不同,如把詳細(xì)的年份轉(zhuǎn)換為某個(gè)世紀(jì)。(4)數(shù)值范圍型:文中給出數(shù)字范圍,題目要求找出最高(低)值。典例4Thethreeships—theMVPrantalay11,12,and14—had77membersonboardintotal.AllofthemareThai,thespokesmansaid.BeforetheSundayrobbing,piratesheld11shipsand228sailors.Howmanysailorswereheldbythepiratesuptothetimeofthereport?A.228.B.77.C.383.D.305.【解析】選D。由最終一句可知,在周日的搶劫之前,海盜劫持了228名船員,加上這次總計(jì)劫持的77名船員,77+228=305,故正確答案為D。.閱讀理解Japanesehighschoolstudentseitherwalkorridebicyclesifthedistanceisnottoofar.Inothercases,studentsmusttakepublicbusesandtrains.Afterjuniorhighschool,studentsattendhighschoolsbasedontheirhighschoolentranceexaminationscores.Sosomestudentstravelalongdistancetoattendtheschool.◆_____Theschooldaybeginsat8:30.Thenstudentsassembleintheirhomeroomclassroomsfortheday’sstudies.Eachhomeroomhasanaverageof40-45students.Studentsstayintheirhomeroomclassroomsformostoftheschoolday.Onlyforphysicaleducation,laboratoryclasses,orothersubjectsrequiringspecialfacilities(設(shè)備)dostudentsmovetodifferentpartsoftheschool.Betweenclassesandatlunchtime,classroomscanbenoisy,livelyplaces.Someschoolsmayhaveacafeteria,butmostdonot.Inmostschools,studentsbringaboxlunchfromhome,preparedbythemotherintheearlymorninghours.Japanesehighschoolstudentsspend240daysayearatschool,60daysmorethanAmericanstudents.Studentsinhighschoolstakethreeyears’studyingofeachofthefollowingsubjects:maths,socialstudies,Japanese,science,andEnglish.Othersubjectsincludephysicaleducation,music,art,andmoralstudies.Allthestudentsinonegradelevelstudythesamesubjects.Giventhenumberofrequiredsubjects,electives(選修課)arefew.◆AfterschoolactivitiesClubactivitiestakeplaceafterschooleveryday.Studentscanjoinonlyoneclub,andtheyrarelychangeclubsfromyeartoyear,sotheclubsarerelativelystable.Clubsaremadeupofsportsclubs(baseball,soccer,judo,kendo,etc.)andcultureclubs(English,broadcasting,science,etc.).NewstudentsusuallyareencouragedtoselectaclubshortlyaftertheschoolyearbeginsinApril.Clubsmeetfortwohoursafterschooleachdayandmanyclubscontinuetomeetduringschoolvacations.【語篇概述】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了日本中學(xué)學(xué)生的學(xué)校生活和課外活動(dòng)狀況。1.MostJapanesehighschoolstudentsoftenhavelunch______.

A.inrestaurantsB.inschoolcafeteriasC.athomeD.inhomeroomclassrooms【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Inmostschools,studentsbringaboxlunchfromhome”可知,大多數(shù)中學(xué)的學(xué)生從家里帶午飯,故解除A、C兩項(xiàng);再依據(jù)其次段中的“Betweenclassesandatlunchtime,classroomscanbenoisy,livelyplaces...butmostdonot.”可知,學(xué)生是在教室吃午飯。故選D。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rarely”inthefourthparagraphmean?A.Always. B.Never.C.Seldom. D.Often.【解析】選C。詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線詞后的“sotheclubsarerelativelystable”可知,此處表示學(xué)生們很少一年一年地?fù)Q俱樂部,rarely意為“很少”,與C項(xiàng)“不常,很少”意思一樣。故選C。3.Fromthepassagewecanknowthat______.

A.therearefewerthan40studentsineachhomeroominJapanesehighschoolsB.studentsmuststayinhomeroomclassroomsforphysicaleducationC.therearefewsubjectsforstudentstochooseexcepttherequiredonesD.therewillnotbeanyclubactivityduringschoolvacations【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段可知,日本的中學(xué)每班通常有40至45名學(xué)生,故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;依據(jù)其次段中的“Onlyforphysicaleducation...dostudentsmovetodifferentpartsoftheschool.”可知,學(xué)生上體育課、試驗(yàn)課等是不在教室的,故B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;依據(jù)文章的最終一句可知,很多俱樂部在假期期間正?；顒?dòng),故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;依據(jù)第三段最終一句“Giventhenumberofrequiredsubjects,electivesarefew.”可知,除了必修課之外,學(xué)生的選修課很少。故選C。4.Whatmaythebestsubtitleforthesecondandthirdparagraphsbe?A.AtSchool. B.InClass.C.Subjects. D.HomeroomClasses.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次、三段所涉及的內(nèi)容(班級規(guī)模、在校吃午飯、上學(xué)天數(shù)、所學(xué)科目等)可知,其次段和第三段這兩部分主要講的是學(xué)生在校的狀況,故A項(xiàng)正確。同時(shí)正好與其次個(gè)小標(biāo)題“課外活動(dòng)”相承接。Ⅱ.完形填空閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(2024·宜昌高一期末)Grandmacalledmeinfromtheyard“Wouldyoupleasegotothestoreforme?I’mreadytomakecakes,andthereisn’tenoughyeast(酵母).Takeaquarterfrommylittlechange1.”IfoundGrandma’swalletandputthequarterinmypocket.

Iwassooninthelittlegeneralstorethat2ourfarmingcommunity.“MrJenkins,”Isaid,“Grandmaneedssomeyeast.”MrJenkinssetthreecakesofyeastonthecounter.Hiseyesshone,andhe3atme.“Andwhatelsedoyouneed?”Iknewwhathemeant.IwasalwaysallowedtopickapennycandywhenIcametothestorewithGrandma.“Howmuch4doIhavefromaquarter?”Iasked.“Sevencents.”MrJenkinsreplied.Ithought5thatquickly.Iwouldhaveanickelandtwopenniesback.IwassureGrandmawouldn’t6ifIspentonepenny,andifshewerehere,shemightevensayIcouldhavethemboth.The7Ilookedatthecandydisplay,themorecertainIbecamethatIneededtwopennies’worthasarewardforcomingtothestorealone.AndIdidso.

“Thankyou,”GrandmasaidwhenI8theyeastonthetable.“Didyouputthechangebackinmywallet?”“Yes,Grandma.”Ireplied,hurryingouttotheyard.“Ihadn’treallyliedtoGrandma,”Iarguedwithmyself.“Idid9allthechangeIhad.”

ButIhad10twopennieswithoutGrandma’spermission(允許).Thesecondpieceofcandyinmypocketdidn’tsoundlikeagoodideaanymore.IknewIhadliedtoGrandma,andIwas11aboutit.GrandmalovedmesomuchthatIcouldn’tbeartokeepanythingfromher.

12Grandmatookthehotcakesfromtheoven,Itoldheraboutthecandy.She13whenIfinishedmystory.“Iknowjust14youfeel,”shesaid.Weallfeellikethatwhenwe’vedone15deceitful(欺瞞的).I’mgladyoutoldmeaboutthepennies,andofcourseI’llforgiveyou.”Grandmahuggedmetight,andsuddenlyIfeltasthoughabigstonewasgonefrommystomach.

【語篇概述】文章講解并描述了作者去給奶奶買酵母,然后偷偷用零錢買了兩塊糖,沒有告知奶奶,后來因?yàn)閷δ棠倘鲋e感到愧疚,最終告知奶奶真相,奶奶寬恕了他,他感覺心里一塊石頭落了地。1.A.handbag B.wallet C.coat D.pocket【解析】選B。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。依據(jù)下文的IfoundGrandma’swallet可知是錢包。故選B項(xiàng)。2.A.gave B.offered C.served D.bought【解析】選C。詞語辨析題。gave給;offered供應(yīng);served服務(wù);bought買。依據(jù)ourfarmingcommunity可知是服務(wù)。故選C項(xiàng)。3.A.laughed B.shouted C.pointed D.smiled【解析】選D。邏輯推理題。依據(jù)Hiseyesshone,和“Andwhatelsedoyouneed?”可知是對我微笑。故選D項(xiàng)。4.A.dollars B.pound C.