Unit3TheInternetDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件高中英語(yǔ)人教版2

Unit3TheInternetDiscoveringUsefulStructuresWatchthevideoandcompletethesentences.Warm

up1.You________________anenemy.2.Anenemy________________________.3.Yourteam____________________aturret.4.Yourturret___________________________.havehashashasDoyoufindanydifference?slainbeenslaindestroyedbeendestroyedWarm

upReadthepairsofsentences.Underlineandcomparethedifferentverbforms.have/hasbeen+v-edhave/hasv-ed現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Warm

up現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成present(now)futurepast主語(yǔ)Anenemyhasbeenslain.助動(dòng)詞，無(wú)意義主語(yǔ)若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動(dòng)詞用hasV-ed(過(guò)去分詞)+have/has+區(qū)別have和has的用法Youhaveplantedallthetrees.Ihaveplantedallthetrees.He/shehasplantedallthetrees.Theyhaveplantedallthetrees.主語(yǔ)若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動(dòng)詞用has現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法(1)表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成的動(dòng)作。Nowwehaveplantedallthetrees.(2)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響。Ihavealreadylostthekey.常與already(已經(jīng))，yet(到現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有)，just(剛剛)，ever(曾經(jīng))等詞連用.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法(3)表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。ShehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.她學(xué)英語(yǔ)有五年了。HehaslivedinBeijingsince5yearsago.他五年前就住在北京了。for+時(shí)間段(一段時(shí)間)since+一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)一段時(shí)間十a(chǎn)go從句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)肯定式:have/has+beendoneAlotoffactorieshavebeensetupsincelastyear.自從去年以來(lái),已經(jīng)建立了許多工廠。否定式:have/hasnot+beendoneTom’snovelhasnotbeenpublished.湯姆的小說(shuō)還沒(méi)有被出版?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般疑問(wèn)式:Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+beendone?Ican'tseeanycoffeeinthiscupboard.Has

itallbeenfinished?我看不見(jiàn)這碗柜里有咖啡。都喝完了嗎?特殊疑問(wèn)式:疑問(wèn)詞+have/has(+主語(yǔ))+beendone?Who

hasbeeninvited?誰(shuí)受到了邀請(qǐng)?PracticeChangethesentencesintothepresentperfectpassivevoice.1.Ihavedownloadedthesoftwaretohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.Thesoftwarehasbeendownloadedtohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.2.Someonehaslostanidentitycard.Anidentitycardhasbeenlost.3.Someonehaslostanidentitycard.HastheWi-Fipasswordbeenconfirmed?PracticeChangethesentencesintothepresentperfectpassivevoice.4.HaveyouconfirmedtheWi-Fipassword?Hasthebuttonbeenpressedyettocopythefile?5.Hasanyonemadeacommentabouttheonlinedatabase?Hasa/anycommentbeenmadeabouttheonlinedatabase?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法1.表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話之前已完成,強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,通常與already,yet,just,never,recently等副詞連用。Igotcaughtintherainandmysuithasbeenruined.我被雨淋了,衣服全毀了。Hisbrotherhasbeenfiredbythecompanyrecently.他弟弟最近被公司解雇了。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法2.表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,常與for或since引出的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,或用于howlong引出的句子中。Agreatmanymachineshavealreadybeenproducedbythefactorysincethetechnologicalrevolution.自從技術(shù)革命以來(lái)，這家工廠已經(jīng)生產(chǎn)了許多機(jī)器。IhavebeenlivinginNewYorksince2010.自2010年以來(lái)，我一直生活在紐約?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法3.用在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示將來(lái)已完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，即用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)代替將來(lái)完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Shewillleaveforthecinemaassoonastheapplicationformhasbeencompleted.申請(qǐng)表一填好，她就去看電影。常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)already已經(jīng)yet已經(jīng)recently/lately最近sincethen從那時(shí)起eversince自那以來(lái)ever曾經(jīng)sofar迄今為止foralongtime很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間bynow到現(xiàn)在為止inrecentyears在最近幾年里注意事項(xiàng)1.與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間對(duì)現(xiàn)在有無(wú)影響一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)過(guò)去無(wú)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)過(guò)去有注意事項(xiàng)2.borrow,begin,start,buy,marry,open,join等非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。若要表達(dá)相應(yīng)的意思，需要改變動(dòng)詞或時(shí)態(tài)。這本書借了一周了。Thebookhasbeenborrowedforaweek.Thebookhasbeenkeptforaweek.這個(gè)工程已經(jīng)開(kāi)始多久了?Howlonghasthisprojectbeenstarted?Howlongagowasthisprojectstarted?注意事項(xiàng)3.帶有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，只能將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，原來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)保持不動(dòng)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中要加上to。Theworkershavebeenmadetoworkawholedaywithoutstop.工人們被迫不停地干了一整天。注意事項(xiàng)4.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，要注意保持短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完整性，不可漏掉動(dòng)詞后面原有的介詞或副詞。此類短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有:①動(dòng)詞+介詞referto,lookafter,callon,relyon,lookfor,lookat,listento,dreamof,meetwith,laughat,resultin,waitfor,dealwith,operateonThesecaseshavebeenreferredtointheexpert'sreport.專家的報(bào)告中提到了這些案例。注意事項(xiàng)②動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞payattentionto,makeuseof,takepartin,keepaneyeon,makefunof,catchsightof,takeanoteof,takecareofThepoorboyhasbeenmadefunofinthepublicformanytimes.這個(gè)可憐的男孩在公共場(chǎng)合被取笑了很多次。注意事項(xiàng)③動(dòng)詞+副詞turnon,turnoff,carryon,carryout,thinkover,makeup,setup,putdown,handin,pointout,callupSeveralspecializedhospitalshavebeensetuptohelpcurethepatientsoftheterribledisease.已經(jīng)建立了幾家?？漆t(yī)院來(lái)幫助治療這種可怕疾病的病人。LanguagePointsfunctionn.功能;作用;機(jī)能performafunction發(fā)揮功能;履行職責(zé)vi.起作用;正常工作;運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)functionas起······作用，具有……功能functionwell/normally運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好/正常練習(xí)：Comparedtothetraditionalones,theyhavethreenewunique_____________(function).functionLanguagePointsconfirmv.確認(rèn);使確信;批準(zhǔn)confirmthat/wh-...證實(shí)……Ithasbeenconfirmedthat...已經(jīng)證實(shí)……confirmsb.insth.使某人確信某事confirmsb.assth.任命某人擔(dān)任某職位練習(xí)：ThePresidentconfirmedhim_________SecretaryofState.asLanguagePointspressvt.按;壓;敦促press...against/on...把……按在……上pressabutton/switch/key按下按鈕/開(kāi)關(guān);按鍵pressuren.壓力;勸說(shuō),強(qiáng)迫underpressure處于壓力下練習(xí)：Michaeltookafewstepsbackwardsandpressedhisback_____________thewall.against/onPractice1.Theirnewhouse_______________________(decorate)fortwomonthsandtheywillsettleinitinthenearfuture.

2.Hundredsofexcellentathletes_________________(select)frommillionsofpeoplealloverthecountryinthepasttwomonths.4.Greatchanges____________(take)placeinmyhometownandalotoffactories_____________(set)upinthepasttenyears.3.Anewlibraryandagyminourschool_______________(set)upsofarandtheywillbeputintouseverysoon.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空hasbeendecoratedhasbeenselectedhavebeensethavetakenhavebeensetPractice5.Everypossiblemeans_______________(try)tosavethewoundedsoldieruptonow.

6.Howmanysuggestions________________(give)toyousofar?8.Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms___________________(produce)allovertheworld.7.Allthepreparationsforthetask_______________(make),andwe'rereadytostart.9.Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement_____________________(reach)sofarbythetwosides.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空hasbeentriedhavebeengivenhavebeenmadehavebeenproducedhasbeenreachedPractice將下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.Theyhavejustconnectedtheprintertothecomputer.2.Wehaveplantedmanytreesonthehillinthelastfiveyears.3.Tomhasn'tsoldoutallthemagazines.4.Haveyoufoundwaystomakewastewaterclean?Theprinterhasjustbeenconnectedtothecomputer(bythem)