初高中英語(yǔ)銜接（bee）

第一講英語(yǔ)中的詞類(partsofspeech)

一.名詞noun

普通名詞如，foreigner,soap,law

專有名詞如，NewYork,Lenovo,Tom

考點(diǎn)回顧：

1.單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式，其主要變法如下：

(1)一般情況在詞尾加,例如：book-*books,boy->boys,pen-*pens,doctor

fdoctors,orange-*,bridge-*?

(2)以s,x,ch,sh,結(jié)尾的詞加,例如：class-*classes

box-*boxes,watch-*watches,brush-*brushes.

(3)以輔音母加y結(jié)尾的詞變“y”為“i”再加儂,例如:factory-

,country->,family-*。但要注意的是以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞的

復(fù)數(shù)形式只加__,如：boy-,day-。

(4)以o結(jié)尾的詞多數(shù)都加o例如:herofheroes,potato->potatoes,tomatoftomatoes,

但詞末為兩個(gè)元音字母的詞只加?s。例如：zoo-*,radio-*",還有某些外來(lái)詞也

只力口.s,例如：photo-*，pianof。

(5)以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞，多數(shù)變f為再加心，例如：knife-*,leaf->,half

復(fù)數(shù)詞尾s(或es)的讀音方法如下表所示。

復(fù)數(shù)詞尾s(或es)的讀音方法

情況讀法例詞

在田等清輔音后cups,hats,cakes

在[s][z][t][d3][F]等音后—glasses,pages,oranges,

buses,watches,faces

在[b][d][g][v]等濁輔音后beds,dogs,cities,knives

(6)少數(shù)名詞有不規(guī)則的復(fù)數(shù)形式，例如：tooth-*,foot-,mouses,

anEnglishman-two,German-*,awomandoctor-**two.

有個(gè)別名詞單復(fù)數(shù)一樣，例如：Chinese,Japanese9sheep9deer,fish等。但也有fishes

指,waters指.

(7)單數(shù)形式但其意為復(fù)數(shù)的名詞有：people,police,cattle,staff等.

(8)數(shù)詞+名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，這個(gè)名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式，中間加連字符。例如an8-year-old

girl,aten-milewalko

(9)還有些名詞僅有復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：trousers,clothes,chopsticks,glasses9goods,ashes?

scissors9compasses,theOlympicso

(10)只用作單數(shù)的復(fù)薪形式的名詞有：

科學(xué)名詞：physics,mathematics/maths

專有名詞：theUnitedStates,NiagaraFalls,

其他名詞：news,falls

e.g.The2012Olympics(在舉行)inLundon.(held)

Thepairoftrousers(已經(jīng)修補(bǔ)好了).(mend)

2.不可數(shù)名詞“量”的表示方法

(1)用much,alittle,alotof/lotsof,some,any,等表示多少,toomuch完成下列句子。

Therichmanhasmoney.

Thereismilkinthebottle.

Istherewaterintheglass?

Idon'tlikewinterbecausethere'ssnowandice.

3.名詞所有格

10分鐘的路程教師節(jié)一張中國(guó)地圖

—滿勺子湯兩杯水我父親的一

個(gè)朋友兩英鎊的價(jià)值一條船的長(zhǎng)度

二.冠詞article

不定冠詞a/aneg一次機(jī)會(huì)一本有用的書一個(gè)雙人房間

一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人一次展覽—

定冠詞the第一個(gè)學(xué)生________最美麗的女生____________奧運(yùn)會(huì)_____________

這座房子那個(gè)人那些電視節(jié)目這些花兒

月亮春節(jié)

1.…Wherehaveyoubeen,Tim?

-I'vebeento?

A.theHenryhouseB.theHenryfamily

C?TheHenry'shomeD.Henryfs

2.InEngland,ifisinthemiddleoftheday,theeveningmealiscalledsupper.

A.foodB.lunchC.breakfastD.dinner

3.Youlookedforittwice,butyouhaven'tfoundit.Whynottry.

A.threetimesB.athirdtimeC.thethirdtimeD.once

4.Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem?

--Certainly.

A.somebottlesofwatersB.somebottlesofwater

C.somebottleofwaterD.somebottleofwaters

5.Mikehurtoneofhisintheaccidentyesterday.

A.toothB.feetC.handD.ear

6.Thereissomeontheplate.

A.cakesB.meatC.potatoD.pears

7.InEngland,thelastnameisthe,

A.familynameB.middleC.givennameD.fullname

8.TheyaregoingtoflytoBeijing.

A.GermenB.GermanyC.GermanysD.Germans

9.Thehastwo?

A.boys;watchesB.boy;watchC.boy;watchesD.boys;watch

10.Thelittlebabyhastwoalready.

A.toothB.toothsC.teethD.teeths

11.What'syourforbeinglateagain?

A.ideaB.keyC.excuseD.news

12????It'sdangeroushere.We?dbettergooutquickly.

…ButIthinkweshouldletgooutfirst.

A.womanandchildrenB.womenandchild

C.womanandchildD.womenandchildren

13.■一YoucanseeMr.Smithifthereisasign""onthedoorofhisshop.

?Thanks.

A.ENTRANCEB.BUSINESSHOURS

C.THISSIDEUPD.NOSMOKING

14.Aretheygoingtohaveapicnicon?

A.Children?sDayB.ChildrenssDay

C.ChildrensDayD.ChildrenDay

15.Wherearethestudents?Aretheyin?

A.theRoom406B.Room406C.the406RoomD.406Room

【練習(xí)答案】

l.D2.B3.B4.B5.B6.B7.A8.D9.C10.Cll.CX2.D13.B14.A15.B

二.代詞pronoun

人稱代詞主格：

賓格：

形容詞性物主代詞：

名詞性物主代詞：

反身代詞：

疑問(wèn)代詞：

關(guān)系代詞：

不定代詞：

三.數(shù)詞numeral省略）

【演練】

1.Tom,Pleasepasstheglasses.Iwanttoreadthenewspapers.

A.youB.meC.himD.her

2.TheEnglishnovelisquiteeasyforyou.Therearenewwordsinit.

A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few

3?…Youwantsandwich?

-Yes,IusuallyeatalotwhenI'mhungry.

A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.theother

4.ThedoctorsandnursesaredoingtheirbesttofightSARS.Theythinkmoreofothersthan

A.theyB.themC.themselvesD.theirs

5.?--Whichdoyouprefer,abottleoforangeorabottleofmilk?

--,thanks.Pdlikeacupoftea.

A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None

6.—Oh!Icameinahurryandforgottobringfood.

?Nevermind.Youcanhave.

A.usB.oursC.youD.yours

7.――CanIcomethiseveningortomorrowmorning?

--isOK.I'mfreetodayandtomorrow.

A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None

8.—Howareyougoingtoimprovethisterm?

…Workharderthanlastterm.

A.ourselvesB.myselfC.himselfD.yourself

9.■“Couldyoutellmesheislookingfor?

-Hercousin,Susan.

A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which

10.—Ishere?

No.LiLeiandHanMeihaveaskedforleave.

A.everybodyB.somebodyC.anybodyD.nobody

11.Paulhasfriendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.

A.manyB.someC.fewD.more

12.Ifyouwanttobookaround-tripticket,you'llhavetopay$30.

A.moreB.otherC.theotherD.another

13.—Doyoulivebyyourself,MrWang?

-Yes.Ihavetwosons.Butofthemliveswithme.Theyarenowstudyingin

America?

A.neitherB.bothC.noneD.either

14.…HaveyousentyourparentsanE-mailtellingthemyouarrivedsafe?

-No.ofthemcanuseacomputer.

A.NoneB.BothC.NeitherD.All

15.WhotaughtEnglishlastterm?WasMr.Smith?

A.you;itB.you;heC.your;itD.your;that

16.—Thatwomanhasabaginherrighthand.What'sinherhand?

A.anotherB.otherC.oneD.theother

17.Wedecidedtogoforafieldtripwithsomefriendsof.

A.usB.ourC.oursD.ourselves

18.—Isthereabustothezoo?

?一I'mafraidthere'sbustothezoo.

A.noB.anyC.someD.none

19.Youforgotyourdictionary?Youmayhave?

A.meB.myC.mineD.myself

20.Thisisclassroom.Whereis?

A.our;themB.us;theyC.our;theirsD.ours;theirs

【練習(xí)答案】

l.B2.D3.B4.C5.B6.B7.A8.D9.C10.All.C12.D13.A14.C15.A16.B17.C18.A19.C20.C

第二講形容詞、副詞

四.形容詞adjective

1.形容詞的用法

(1)形容詞在句中作定語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：

Ourcountryisabeautifulcountry.()

Thefishwentbad.()

Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.()

⑵形容詞修飾something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代詞時(shí)，形容詞放在名詞后

面。

Ihave(重要的事情)totellyou.

(3)用and或or連接起來(lái)的兩個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般把它們放在被修飾的名詞后面。起

進(jìn)一步解釋的作用。

Everybody,manandwoman,oldandyoung,shouldattendthemeeting.

Youcantakeanyboxaway,bigorsmall.

3.形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

(1)兩個(gè)人或事物的比較時(shí)(不一定每一方只有一個(gè)人或一個(gè)事物)，用比較級(jí)。

Ourteacheristallerthanweare.

Theboysinherclassaretallerthantheboysinyourclass.

(2)most同夜容詞連用而不用the,表示“極，很,非常，十分

It'smostdangeroustobehere.

在這兒太危險(xiǎn)。

⑶“The+形容詞比較級(jí)...,the+形容詞比較級(jí)...”表示“越...就越

Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.

(4)“形容詞比較級(jí)+and+形容詞比較級(jí)”，表示“越來(lái)越

It'sgettinghotterandhotter.

(5)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞)+as+形容詞原形+as+從句。表示兩者對(duì)比相同。

Thisboxisasbigasmine.

(6)the+形容詞，表示某種人。

Healwayshelpsthepoor.

(7)形容詞和副詞最高級(jí)用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人和物進(jìn)行比較。

ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.

五.副詞adverb

2.副詞的用法

(1)副詞在句中可作狀語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。

Hestudiesveryhard.()

Lifehereisfullofjoy.()

Whenwillyoubeback?()

副詞按其用途和含義可分為下面五類：

1)時(shí)間副詞

時(shí)間副詞通常用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作的時(shí)間。常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間副詞有：now,today,tomorrow,yesterday,

before,late,early,never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always等。例如：

Heoftencomestoschoollate.

Whatarewegoingtodotomorrow?

HehasneverbeentoBeijing.

2)地點(diǎn)副詞

地點(diǎn)副詞通常用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。常見(jiàn)的地點(diǎn)副詞有:here,there,inside,outside,home,

upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere,down,up,off,on,in,out

等。例如：

Imetanoldfriendofmineonmywayhome.

Hewentupstairs.

Putdownyournamehere.

3)方式副詞

方式副詞一般都是回答“怎樣的？”這類問(wèn)題的，其中絕大部分都是由一個(gè)形容詞加詞尾由

構(gòu)成的，有少數(shù)方式副詞不帶詞尾心，它們與形容詞同形。常見(jiàn)的方式副詞有：anxiously,

badly,bravely,calmly,carefully,proudly,rapidly,suddenly,successfully,angrily,happily,

slowly,warmly,well,fast,slow,quick,hard,alone,high,straight,wide等。例如：

Theoldmanwalkedhomeslowly.

Pleaselistentotheteachercarefully.

Thebirdsareflyinghigh.

Herunsveryfast.

4)程度副詞

程度副詞多數(shù)用來(lái)修飾形容詞和副詞，有少數(shù)用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞或介詞短語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的程度副詞有:

much,(a)little,abit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty,greatly,completely,nearly,

almost,deeply,hardly,partly等。例如：

Herpronunciationisverygood.

Shesingsquitewell.

Icanhardlyagreewithyou.

5)疑問(wèn)副詞是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句的副詞。常見(jiàn)的疑問(wèn)副詞有：how,when,where,why等。

它們也可以用作關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)o

例如：

Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudies?

Wherewereyouyesterday?

Whydidyoudothat?

(2)副詞在句中的位置

1)多數(shù)副詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)放在_______O如果動(dòng)詞帶有賓語(yǔ)，則放在______o例如：

MrSmithworksveryhard.

ShespeaksEnglishwell.

2)頻度副詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在行為動(dòng)詞之前，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞之后。例如：

他通常早起o(usually)____________________________

我從未聽(tīng)到他唱歌。(never)___________________________

她極少生病。(seldom)________________________________

3)程度副詞rather,veiy,enough的區(qū)別。例如：

Itisaratherdifficultjob.

Herunsveryfast.

Hedidn'tworkhardenough.

程度副詞very與much的區(qū)別

Sheisaverynicegirl

I'mfeelingmuchbetternow.

Theydidnottalkmuch.

【演練】

1.Therearemanyyoungtreesonsidesoftheroad.

A.everyB.eachC.bothD.all

2.■■■It'ssocoldtoday.

?Yes,it,sthanitwasyesterday.

A.morecoldB.morecolderC.muchcolderD.cold

3.LittleTomhasfriends,soheoftenplaysalone.

A.moreB.alittleC.manyD.few

4.Sheisn'tsoatmathsasyouare.

A.wellB.goodC.betterD.best

5.Peterwritesofthethree.

A.betterB.bestC.goodD.well

6.Heisenoughtocarrytheheavybox.

A.strongerB.muchstrongerC.strongD.thestrongest

7.Iboughtexercise-bookswithmoney.

A.afew;afewB.afew;alittle

C.alittle;afewD.alittle;alittle

8.Theboxisheavyforthegirlcarry.

A.too;toB.to;tooC.so;thatD.no;to

9.Theiceinthelakeisaboutonemeter?It'sstrongenoughtoskateon.

A.longB.highC.thickD.wide

10.WuLinranfasterthantheotherboysinthesportsmeeting.

A.soB.muchC.veryD.too

11.Jonelookssotodaybecauseshehasgotan"A"inhermathstest.

A.happyB.happilyC.angryD.angrily

12.Thesmileonmyfather'sfaceshowedthathewaswithme.

A.sadB.pleasedC.angryD.sorry

13.-Mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis?

?一Certainly,wecanbuyonethanthis,butthis.

A.abetter;betterthanB.aworse;asgoodas

C.acheaper;asgoodasD.amoreimportant;goodas

14.-Thisdigitalcameraisreallycheap!

Thethebetter.I'mshortofmoney,yousee.

A.cheapB.cheaperC.expensiveD.moreexpensive

15.IfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,youmustuseitasaspossible.

A.oftenB.longC.hardD.soon

16.Paulhasfriendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.

A.manyB.someC.fewD.more

17.EnglishpeopleuseMr.Beforeaman'sfirstname.

A.neverB.usuallyC.oftenD.sometimes

18.—OnemoresatellitewassentupintospaceinChinainMay.

-Right.Thegovernmentspokethat.

A.highlyforB.highof

C.wellofD.highlyof

19.--Rememberthis,children.carefulyouare,mistakesyouwillmake.

—Weknow,MissGao.

A.Themore;themoreB.Thefewer;themore

C.Themore;thefewerD.Theless;theless

20.1havetodotoday.

A.anythingimportantB.somethingimportant

C.importantnothingD.importantsomething

【練習(xí)答案】

l.C2.C3.D4.B5.B6.C7.B8.A9.C10.BILA12.B13.C14.B15.A16.C17.A18.D19.C

20.B

第三講動(dòng)詞verb

六、動(dòng)詞分為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞

助動(dòng)詞

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

及物動(dòng)詞

不及物動(dòng)詞

動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)變化

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)表

翻譯：

1.他每天早上七點(diǎn)離開(kāi)家去學(xué)校。

2.上海位于中國(guó)東部。

3.哥倫布證明的確是圓的。

4.一旦你有問(wèn)題，我會(huì)幫助你。

5.我過(guò)去常去那條河釣魚。

6.我將盡全力趕上那些尖子生。

7.將會(huì)有一次軍訓(xùn)等待著我們。

8.媽媽，我來(lái)了。

9.學(xué)生們正準(zhǔn)備考試。

10.上個(gè)月他們?cè)诮ㄒ蛔课荨?/p>

11.當(dāng)我們到達(dá)車站的時(shí)候，他們已經(jīng)等了我們兩個(gè)小時(shí)。

12.我告訴他我會(huì)在車站與他告別。

13.動(dòng)動(dòng)腦子，你就會(huì)有辦法。

14.到目前為止，我已經(jīng)學(xué)了5年英語(yǔ)。

15.孩子們昨天晚上被照料得很好。

16.這些食物嘗起來(lái)不錯(cuò)。

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的三種基本形式：

一、todo

I.動(dòng)詞不定式在句子中的作用

1.動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)：

Tomasteralanguageisnotaneasything.

It*smypleasuretohelpyou.

2動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)：

某些及物動(dòng)詞可以用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，這些動(dòng)詞有decide,begin,help,begin,want,wish,

like,forget,learn,ask.

WhatIwishistolearnEnglishwell.

IliketohelpothersifIcan.

3動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。

Weexpectyoutobewithus.

Pleaseaskhimtocomeherequickly.

4動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)：

WhatIshoulddoistofinishthetasksoon.

5動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)：

Therearemanywaystosolvetheproblem.

6不定式作狀語(yǔ)：.

Wewenttothehospitaltoseeourteacher.

SheismakingatesttogetakindofusefulmedicinefromaTibetflower.

II.動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式：

Theteachertoldusnottoswiminthatriver.

HL帶疑問(wèn)詞的不定式：

疑問(wèn)詞Iwho,what,which,when,where,how,why可以加在不定式的前面，構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)，

使含義更加具體。

Wheretogoisnotknownyet

Idon*tknowwhentobegin.

Doyouknowhowtogettothestation.

IX.動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)：

動(dòng)詞不定式一般時(shí)：表示動(dòng)作和句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或之后發(fā)生。

Ihelpedhimputthethingsintothecar.

Wouldyouliketohavearest.

動(dòng)詞不定式完成時(shí)：表示動(dòng)作在句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生。

Wearesorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.

Theyseemstohaveknowntheanswers.

動(dòng)詞不定式進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示動(dòng)作同句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。

Theyseemtobeworkinghard.

動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式：表示不定式動(dòng)詞同所修飾的名詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

Heisthemantobeexamined.

Therearemuchworktobedone.

二、doing

I.動(dòng)名詞在句中的作用

.1動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)：

Talkinglikethatisnotpolite.

Puttingonmoreclothesisnotsogood.

動(dòng)名詞可以象動(dòng)詞不定式一樣，用it先行祠代替，而把動(dòng)名詞寫在后面。

It'snousewaitinghere,let'sgohome.

2動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)

Thenurse*sjobislookingafterthepatients.

Seeingisbelieving.

3動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)

有些動(dòng)詞須用動(dòng)名詞來(lái)作賓語(yǔ)，它們是begin,mind,suggest,finish,stop,need,enjoy,miss,

keep.

Pleasestopsmokinginthehouse.

Doyoumindmyopeningthewindows?

Sheisfoundofcollectingstamp.

4動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)

Sheisstudyinginthereadingroom.

動(dòng)名詞的否定形式：not+動(dòng)名詞

Hepretendnotknowingitatall.

Weconsiderednotdoingitnow.

II.動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)：

動(dòng)名詞的一般時(shí)動(dòng)名詞的一般時(shí)表示動(dòng)作與句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生Ienjoy

swimminginthebigriven

動(dòng)名詞的完成時(shí)動(dòng)名詞的完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生。

Sheregretnothavingstudiedthecomputerhard.

Doyourememberhavingpromisedmethat?

III.動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式：

當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞和它的邏輯主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式來(lái)表示。

Hisbeinglookeddownuponmadehimsick.

Ican*treallystandbeingtreatedlikethat.

IX.動(dòng)名詞的幾個(gè)特殊情況：

1）有些動(dòng)詞的后面能跟動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)，有些動(dòng)詞能跟不定式，有些兩者都可以，它們的具

體含義有時(shí)還不一樣。

能跟動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞有：

avoid,consider,delay,deny,dislike,endure,enjoy,escape,forgive,finish,imagine,keep,

mind,miss,pardon,prevent,resist,suggest,understand,can*thelp,等。

能跟不定式的動(dòng)詞有：

decide,desire,expect,hope,mean,pretend,promise,refuse,undertake,want,wish,agree,

manage,

能跟動(dòng)名詞和不定式的動(dòng)詞有：

love,like,hate,prefer,dislike,begin,continue,intend,attempt,propose,want,need,

remember,forget,regret,try,deserve,start,

三、分詞在句中的作用

分詞是由動(dòng)詞+ing或動(dòng)詞+ed構(gòu)成，它在句中起形容詞或副詞的作用，可以作定語(yǔ)，表

語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)。

4后可4%現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種，現(xiàn)在分詞的形式同動(dòng)名詞一樣，在動(dòng)詞后面加ingo

而過(guò)去分詞的形式則在動(dòng)詞后面加ed.分詞在句中可作定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。

1.分詞作定語(yǔ)

Chinaisadevelopingcountry.

That*saninterestingstory.

Thegirlsingingforusistenyearsold.

Thegoattrappedintheholeislongingforhelp.

Thewoundedsoldiersareimmediatelysenttohospital.

2.分詞作狀語(yǔ)

Beingastudent,helikestohelpothers.

Wearinganewpairofglasses,shecanreadeasily.

Toldbytheteacher,sheknewshewaswrong.

3分詞作表語(yǔ)

Thestoryisinteresting.

Weareinterestedincomputer.

Thewaterisboiling.

Thewaterisboiled.

4分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

可以跟賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有see,watch,hear,set,keep,find,have,get等詞。

Iheardthemsingingintheclassroom.

Wefoundtheboysleeping.

have,get后面的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用過(guò)去分詞常表示動(dòng)作不是句子的主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的，而是由別人做的。

Ihavemyhaircut.

Shegetsherbikerepaired.

分詞的否定形式。not+分詞

Notknowingwhattodonext,shestoppedtowait.

Nothavingfinishedthehomework,thelittlegirldoesn'tdaretogotoschool.

分詞的時(shí)態(tài)

分詞的一般時(shí)表示動(dòng)作同謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或之前發(fā)生。

Seeingtheteacheriscoming,thestudentsstoppedplaying.

分詞的完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的前面發(fā)生。’

Havingreceivedalatter,Ikneweverythingisallright.

分詞的被動(dòng)形式

分詞的被動(dòng)形式表示分詞動(dòng)作同所修飾的名詞有一種被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

Theentertainmentbuildingbeingbuiltwillbecompletednextyear.

形式意義用途

不定式起名詞和形容詞作用主語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，

狀語(yǔ)

動(dòng)名詞起名詞的作用主語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)

現(xiàn)在分詞起形容詞和副詞的作用。表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，

分詞過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

行、狀態(tài)而過(guò)去分詞表示

完成、被動(dòng)、狀態(tài)

一，單項(xiàng)選擇：

l.Themeetingnextweekissuretobeagreatsuccess.

A.totakeplaceB.tobetakenplaceC.tohavetakenplaceD.beingtakenplace

2.bytheComradeLeiFeng,wetryourbesttodogooddeeds.

A.InspiredB.BeinginspiredC.TobeinspiredD.Inspiring

3?It'snogoodhere.Let'sgohome.

A.towaitB.waitedC.waitingD.beingwaited

4.1listenedtothewind,thathewouldnotcometonight.

A.thinkingB.tothinkC.thoughtD.beingthinking

5.Asaresultofmylaziness,Ifailedmyworkintime.

A.andfinishedB.tofinishC.andfinishingD.tofinished

6.1amsorrywrittenyoualetteratthetime.

A.tohavenotB.tonothaveC.nottohaveD.nothaving

7.Tomapologizedtomeagain.

A.tobelateB.ofbeinglateC.tohavebeenlateD.forbeinglate

8JremainedlongafterIhadbeentoldthestory.

A.puzzlingB.puzzledC.beingpuzzledD.tobepuzzled

9.Willyoulendhimamagazine

A.tobereadB.forreadingC.toreadD.heread

lO.ThearticleonthissubjectwaswrittenbyMr.Black.

A.referringB.referredC.referringtoD.referredto

ll.Livingnearthesea,.

A.weenjoyhealthyairandbeautifulsightB.healthyairandbeautifulsightiswhatweenjoy

C.itishealthyairandbeautifulsightweenjoyD.soweenjoyhealthyairandbeautifulsight

12.sincethenightbefore,Ifeltveryhungry.

A.HavingnoteatenanythingB.Noteatinganything

C.Ihadn'teatenanythingD.Nothavingeatenanything

13.Wethenlistenedtothechildthearticleontheblackboard.

A.read,writingB.reading,writing

C.toread,writtenD.read,written

14.itwithmeandI'llseewhatIcando.

A.WhenleftB.LeavingC.IfyouleaveD.Leave

15.suchachance,whydon'tyouhaveatry

A.TogiveB.HavingC.GivenD.Giving

16.Wediscussedtheplanthatwewouldliketoseethenextweek.

A.carryonB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout

17.madethemmuchdisappointed.

A.HisnotcomingbackB.Nothiscomingback

C.HenottocomebackD.Nothecomeback

18.Fivepeoplewerereportedintheaccident.

A.tobekilledB.tokillC.killedD.tohavebeenkilled

19.1flewtoParisthismorning,myassistantmetherethisFriday.

A.joiningB.tojoinC.willjoinD.wantstojoin

2O.Hetriedtocalmhimself,.

A.forceB.toforceC.forcingD.forced

21.,Iwenttotheparkwithmyuncle.

A.AsholidayB.BeingnoclassesC.SincehavenoclassesD.Itbeingaholiday

22.HDoyoumindGoahead.'1

A.openingthedoorB.youropeningthedoor

C.myopeningthedoorD.Iopeningthedoor

23.1haveoneortwothings.

A.tolookB.toseeC.toseetoD.tolookto

24.isbadforhishealth.

A.MikesmokingB.Mike*ssmokingC.Mike'sbeingsmokingD.Mikesmokes

25.1cameintotheclassroom,myseatandsatdowntoread.

A.findingB.tofindC.foundD.founded

26.1amtiredandIdon'tfeellikeanyfurther.

A.towalkB.tobewalkingC.walkingD.walk

27.Shedidnothingbutwalkinthestreet.

A.takingB.takeC.totakeD.took

28.ltisaproblemthatdoesn'tneedrightnow.

A.tosolveB.solvingC.beingsolvedD.tobesolving

29.1myhandbagstolenlastweek.

A.hadB.letC.lostD.left

30.byacrowdofpeople,Ifeltnervous,whattosay.

A.Watching,didn'tknowB.Havingwatched,andnotknew

C.Havingbeenwatch,notknownD.Beingwatched,notknowing

二.對(duì)比練習(xí)：

1.manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.

2.manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.

A.Havingbeentold.B.ToldC.HewastoldD.Thoughhehadbeentold

3.totheleft,you'llfindthepostoffice.

4.Ifyoutotheleft,youllfindthepostoffice.

5.totheleft,andyou'llfindthepostoffice.

A.TurningB.ToturnC.TurnD.Turned

6?fromspace,theearthlooksblue.

7.fromspace,wecanseetheearthisblue.

A.SeenB.SeeingC.ToseeD.See

8.Thedirtyclothes,thegirlhungthemupoutside.

9.thedirtyclothes,thegirlhungthemupoutside.

A.waswashedB.washedC.werewashedD.havingwashed

10Thebuildingnowwillbearestaurant.

11.Thebuildingnextyearwillbearestaurant.

12.Thebuildinglastyearisarestaurant.

A.havingbeenbuiltB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltD.built

13.Hestoodthereforhismother.

14.fortwohours,hewentaway.

A.waitingB.towaitC.waitedD.Havingwaited

三，單句改錯(cuò)

1Jdreamofstandingontheplatformintheclassroomandgivelessonstolovelyboys.

2,SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaper.

3,1wanttothankyouagainforhavemeinyourhomeforthesummerholidays.

4,MyparentslovemedearlyofcourseandwilldoalltheycanmakesurethatIgetagood

education.

5,Ridebicyclescanhelpbuildourbodiesandbicyclesaresocheapthateachfamilycanafford

tobuyone.

6,Onthemeeting,twenty-fiveadvancingteacherswerepraisedandthosewhohadcompleted

thirtyyearsofteachingweregivenmedals.

7,Shekeptthelambtyingtoatreeduringthedayandwenttofetchiteveryevening.

8Jwasoftenalittletiredafteraday*sworkandwatchTVdemandsverylittleeffort.

四，翻譯練習(xí)

1.中國(guó)是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家,屬于第三世界(theThirdWorld)

Chinaisacountry,theThirdWorld.

正在修建的這座房子將作我們的餐廳.

Thebuildingwillbeservedasourdining-hall.

由于不知道地址，我們沒(méi)法和他取得聯(lián)系.

hisaddress,wehavenowaywithhim.

既不懂當(dāng)?shù)氐恼Z(yǔ)言，在這國(guó)家又沒(méi)有朋友,她覺(jué)得要想找到工作是不可能的.

thelocallanguageandhavingnofriendinthecountry,hefoundit

impossibleajob.

生長(zhǎng)在農(nóng)村,他對(duì)農(nóng)民的生活有著深刻的了解.

andinthecountryside,heknowsbetteraboutthehardlifeof

pleasant.

近年來(lái)在黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，人們的生活的條件有了大大的改善.

Inrecentyears,bytheParty,peoplefindtheirlivingconditionsgreatly

這本書用簡(jiǎn)易英語(yǔ)寫成，很容易讀懂

insimpleEnglish,thebookiseasy

你樂(lè)意就如何學(xué)好語(yǔ)向我們提些建議嗎（s。kindasto）

WouldyoubesokindasussomeadviceonhowEnglish.

答案與提示：

一，單項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1.A通過(guò)"nextweek”得知會(huì)議是在下周舉行,用不定式作定語(yǔ)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作,takeplace沒(méi)

有被動(dòng)形式.

2.A題意為:由于受到雷鋒同志精神的鼓舞我們竭盡全力做好事.不定式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常表示目的

和結(jié)果，故C項(xiàng)不對(duì).過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)表被動(dòng)和完成.B項(xiàng)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.

3.CItisnogooddoingsth.這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中,doing是個(gè)動(dòng)名詞，用作主語(yǔ).句意為:在這里等著也沒(méi)

用，咱們還是回家吧.

4.A分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ).如填C,前面應(yīng)有and.不定式表目的或結(jié)果，句子意思不通.D為不正確

的表達(dá).

5.Bfailtodosth.固定短語(yǔ),“沒(méi)有能夠…”.A項(xiàng)句子意義不通,D項(xiàng)表達(dá)不對(duì).

6.C不定式的完成式的否定式做原因狀語(yǔ),否定詞not必須在不定式之前.

7.Dapologizetosb.forsth./doingsth.為常見(jiàn)搭配.

8.Bpuzzled表主語(yǔ)感到迷惑不解的,puzzling表令人迷惑不解的,beingpuzzled強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行

的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作,tobepuzzled表在主句謂語(yǔ)之后發(fā)生.

9.C不定式作定語(yǔ),toread的邏輯主語(yǔ)是間接賓語(yǔ)him.

10.D過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，意為"被提到的…”.

11.Alivingnearthesea分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)，其動(dòng)作必須由主語(yǔ)來(lái)做.

12.D現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的否定式做原因狀語(yǔ),否定須在短語(yǔ)之前.

13.Dlistento意為"聽(tīng)某人做某事”與hear用法相同，其后可以用不帶to的不定式，也可以用

動(dòng)名詞.writtenontheblackboard為過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾thearticle.

14.D祈使句+and+陳述句是一個(gè)固定句型，在這個(gè)句型當(dāng)中，前面的祈使句表示一個(gè)肯定的

條件.

15.CGiven過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示原因相當(dāng)于sinceyouaregiven.

16.Cthat引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾plan.carriedout過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).

17.A考查動(dòng)名詞的否定形式,not應(yīng)緊挨著doing.

18.Dsb.bereportedtodosth.表"據(jù)報(bào)道…”，因此空白處應(yīng)填不定式.不定式一般式表將要發(fā)

生的動(dòng)作或?qū)⒊霈F(xiàn)的狀態(tài)，完成式表已完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).句意為:據(jù)報(bào)道事故中已有五人死

亡.

19.Btojoinme有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，成為句子的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，表將要做的動(dòng)作.A表進(jìn)行的動(dòng)

作,C,D使句子的后半部分成為從句，但缺少連詞.

20.Cforcing現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，表陪襯性的次要?jiǎng)幼?填A(yù),D句中結(jié)構(gòu)不對(duì)，填B句子意義

不通.

21.D獨(dú)立主格作全句的原因狀語(yǔ).A雖可作狀語(yǔ),但本句中意義不通,C為錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)方式,B是分

詞短語(yǔ)，但其動(dòng)作不是主句主語(yǔ)做的.

22.C"Doyoumind…”后常有if引導(dǎo)的從句或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)根據(jù)"G。ahead.“可知“開(kāi)門“動(dòng)

作是“我”發(fā)出的.A,B的邏輯主語(yǔ)有問(wèn)題.D動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合式，代詞不應(yīng)為主格.

23.Ctoseeto=totakecareof為不定式做定語(yǔ).A,B均卻少介詞，不定式和被修飾詞things建

立不起來(lái)動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，填D項(xiàng)句子語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤.

24.B動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)需用所有格形式.D為名詞性從句但缺少引導(dǎo)詞