全球企業(yè)對人工智能和物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的投資分析報告

DIGITAL

&TRENDSCorporate

investment

in

artificialintelligence

and

Internet

of

ThingsOverview

reportChina

is

increasingly

challenging

the

technological

dominance

of

the

U.S.Executive

summaryTechnological

changeis

animportantdriver

of

economic

growth,

higherlivingstandards,andmore

sustainability.Inrecent

decades,

substantial

progress

hasbeen

made

inmanytechnologies,

suchasartificialintelligence

(AI),cloudcomputing,and

theInternet

of

Things

(IoT).

These

havechangedhow

people

live,work,

and

communicate,

and

they

havethe

potential

toinfluenceandrevolutionizemore

areas.?

TheU.S.accountsformore

than

halfoftheITB2B

revenues

of

the

focuscountries,

but

Chinaisincreasingly

challenging

itsmarket

dominance.?

China

accounted

for

68

percent

of

allpatentfamilies

ofthetop100

owners

inthe

AItechnology

field

in2023,

up

from

29

percent

in2014.?

SouthKorean

company

SamsungleadsinbothAIandIoTinterms

of

theinnovativestrength

andcompetitive

impactof

itspatentportfolio.Thisreport

examines

AIand

IoT,the

two

fastest-growing

technology

fieldssince2019.

A

furtherfocusis

onthedevelopment

of

the

patentfamilies

inthesetwofields,which

offers

aglimpse

into

futuretechnology

and

innovation

developments.Aspotlightisshined

onthefivecountries

with

the

highest

ITB2B

revenues

in2023:the

United

States,China,

Japan,Germany,

andthe

United

Kingdom.Recent

trendsinterms

of

research

anddevelopment

expenditure,

thereadiness

tousethe

opportunities

of

technology,

andpatentevolution

canbebroken

down

to

arace

fortechnology

between

theUnitedStatesandChina.Thequestion

ofwherethese

technological

developments

lead

will

beexamined

inthisreport.Here

aresome

ofthereport’s

key

findings:?

ITB2B

revenues

areexpected

toexceed

sixtrillion

U.S.dollarsworldwide

in2024.?

TheUnitedStatesistheundisputed

global

leader

when

itcomes

to

ITB2Brevenues,

forecast

to

reach

1.9

trillion

U.S.dollars

by2025.301Introduction?

ITB2B

revenues

worldwide?

Definitions

and

focus?

ITB2B

revenues

offocuscountries?

Network

Readiness

Index

offocuscountries?

Research

anddevelopment

expendituresAI

and

IoT

are

drivingrapid

technological

progressTheITbusiness-to-business

market

sizeis

forecast

toreach

6.7

trillion

U.S.dollars

in2025ITB2B

revenues

worldwide

from

2019

to

2025(inbillionU.S.dollars)Theworldwide

ITB2B

market

isforecast

to

gohigherandhigherinthecoming

years,

with

revenues

growingat10

percent

CAGRthrough2025.

Theestimatedmarket

sizeis

expected

tojumpfrom

3.8

trillion

U.S.dollarsin2019

to6.7

trillion

U.S.dollars

in2025.DatacentersSoftwareDevices6,712CAGR10.1%ITservicesCybersecuritySemiconductorsIoTWhile

annualgrowth

from2019

to2020

was

veryrestrained

duetothepandemic,increases

from

2021onwards

are

expected

tobealmost

consistently

indoubledigits.Publiccloud3,768CommunicationservicesTechnological

progress

ismost

rapidinareas

with

highresearch

anddevelopment

intensity,suchasAIandIoT.

Whilethose

areas

do

notcurrently

havethelargest

market

sizes,

they

contributethemost

toITB2B

growth.AIRobotics2019202020212022202320242025Worldwide5Notes:Sources:Worldwide;

2019

to

2025Market

InsightsDefinitions

and

focus

of

the

reportThisreport

focuses

on

thefastest-growing

technologies

inthefivecountries

with

thehighest

ITbusiness-to-business

revenuesMarket

insightMarketsFocus

of

this

reportOfthe11

markets

covered

byStatista’stechnologyinsights,thisreport

takesadeep

diveinto

AI

andIoT,the

fastest-growing

markets

since

2019.AIFastest-growing

technologies/marketsIoTThereport

focuses

on

the

fivecountrieswith

thehighest

ITB2B

revenues:

theUnitedStates,China,Japan,Germany,

and

theUnitedKingdom.DatacentersDevicesSoftwareTheAI

market

includesAIrobotics,

autonomous

andsensor

technology,

computer

vision,generative

AI,machinelearning,

and

naturallanguageprocessing.T

E

C

H

N

O

L

O

G

YM

A

R

K

E

T

I

N

S

I

G

H

T

SITservicesPubliccloudCybersecurityCommunicationservicesSemiconductorsRoboticsOut

offocusTheIoTmarket

includesconsumer

IoT,industrialIoT,healthcare

IoT,automotive

IoT,smart

cities,

and

smartfinance.6Sources:Market

InsightsGlobal

IT

B2B

revenues

have

soared

since

2019Thefivefocuscountries

accountformore

than

halfofglobal

ITbusiness-to-business

revenuesITB2B

revenues

worldwide

from

2019

to

2025(inbillionU.S.dollars)Atover

three

trillion

U.S.dollars,

the

fivefocuscountries

madeup56

percent

ofworldwide

ITB2B

revenues

in2023.6,712Focus

countries

9.1%10.1%Worldwide6,1253,405CAGRWhile

globalrevenues

areexpected

toincrease

atjustover

10

percent

CAGRthrough2025,

theannualaveragegrowth

rateof

thefocuscountries

issomewhat

lower,

at9.1percent.5,5124,9182,7854,5782,6313,8792,2673,7682,18820193,699Withinthefocuscountries,

theU.S.hasthehighest

ITB2B

revenues,

totaling1.6trillion

U.S.

dollarsin2023.

Next

cameChina

at776

billionU.S.

dollars,followed

some

distancebehindbyJapan,Germany,

and

theUK.3,097202320202021202220242025WorldwideFocuscountries7Notes:Worldwide;

2019

to

2025Market

InsightsSources:Does

high

expenditure

on

research

and

developmentlead

tomore

patents?Expenditureon

research

anddevelopment

offers

alook

into

futureinnovation

and

technological

developmentsGross

domestic

spending

on

researchanddevelopment

from

2021

to2022,

bycountrySimilartothe

Network

Readiness

Index,R&Dexpenditures

provide

aglimpseinto

futureinnovations,helpingtoidentifywhere

thedrive

ofinnovationandtechnologies

isstrongest.709,713620,103InmillionU.S.dollarsInabsoluteterms,

theUnitedStatesandChina

were

thetop

countries,

accordingtothelatest

data

availablefrom

theOECD.However,

looking

atexpenditureasapercentage

of

GDP,Israel

was

theleading

R&D

performer.Percentage

ofGDPFocuscountries172,062129,348Thequestion

remains

astowhetherhighnetwork

readiness

andhigh

R&Dexpenditure

are

alsoreflected

inhigh

ITB2B

expenditure

or

ahigh

number

oftechnology

patents.These

questions

areexamined

inthefollowing

chapters.110,14883,70721,03219,88619,24918,5043.5%2.4%3.3%3.1%4.9%2.9%5.6%3.4%3.4%3.4%U.S.ChinaJapanGermanySouthKoreaUKIsraelSwitzerlandBelgiumSweden9Notes:Worldwide;

2021

to

2022;

purchasing

power

parities

(Sources:

OECD02IT

B2B

revenues:

Market

sizes?

Worldwide?

Focuscountries?

UnitedStates?

China?

Japan?

Germany?

United

KingdomAI

and

IoT

are

expectedto

grow

by

more

than

26

percent

by

2025Artificialintelligence,

the

Internet

ofThings,andpublic

cloud

are

thefastest-growing

technologies;

ITservices

hasthe

largest

market

sizeITB2B

revenues

worldwide

in2019

and

2025,

bymarket(inbillionU.S.dollars)provides

insightsinto

11technology

markets,

of

which

AIrevenue

isforecast

to

grow

the

fastest,delivering

26.1

percent

CAGRbetween2019

and

2025.AI

26%IoT

26%893603531,395ITservices,

thelargest

technologymarket,

expects

annual

revenue

growthof

7.6

percent

over

theanalyzed

period.Ontheother

hand,

saturated

marketssuchascommunication

services

anddevices

will

grow

only

slightly.Publiccloud

25%Cybersecurity

9%143549109185SemiconductorsITservicesRobotics4627308%8%6%6%4%2%1%9501,47120

29CAGR

2019

to2025Software42737460120192025Datacenters301Communicationservices700788Devices21523111

Notes:Sources:Worldwide;

2019

and

2025Market

Insights;

Eurostat;OECD;

WorldBankIoT

is

the

fastest-growing

technology

in

the

focus

countriesTotal

ITbusiness-to-business

revenues

inthefivefocuscountries

are

expected

togrow

atninepercent

annuallythrough2025ITB2B

revenues

of

thefocus

countries

in2019

and

2025(inbillionU.S.dollars)AI,IoT,and

publiccloudare

significantlyoutgrowingtheother

markets.

Several

factorsandtrendsarecontributingtothisgrowth,

suchasanincreasingavailabilityof

data,

advancements

incomputingpower,

andrising

demandforautomation.3,699Theintegration

of

AI

with

other

technologies,

suchasIoT,isanother

current

trend

thatwill

likely

driveinnovation

further.

Thisdevelopment

explainstheanticipatedexpansion

of

theAIandIoTmarkets

inthefivefocuscountries,

which

expect

annual

averagegrowth

ratesof

24

percent

and

25

percent,respectively,

through2025.2,188CAGR25%CAGR9%CAGR24%48721312758TotalITB2BrevenuesAIIoT2019202512

Notes:Sources:Worldwide;

2019

and

2025Market

InsightsnitedStatesUnited

States:

The

largestIT

B2B

marketTheU.S.accountsformore

than

halfofITbusiness-to-business

revenues

inthefocuscountriesITB2B

revenues

inthe

UnitedStatesin2019

and2025(inbillionU.S.dollars)TheUnitedStateshasbyfarthelargest

ITB2B

marketacross

alltechnologies,

withrevenues

expected

toreach

1.9

trillion

U.S.dollarsby2025.1,893TheAI

market

is

expected

torecord

annualrevenuegrowth

of

21percent

over

theanalyzed

period,

lowerthan

theaverage

of

the

focuscountries.

While

China’sAIrevenue

isforecast

togrow

38

percent

CAGR,theUnited

States’AI

market

isstillexpected

tobemorethan

doublethesizeof

China’sby2025.1,139Withaforecast

revenue

rise

of

24

percent

peryear,IoT

isexpected

to

bethestrongest

growth

market,resulting

inasize

of199

billion

U.S.dollars

by2025.CAGR24%CAGR9%CAGR21%1991225538TotalITB2BrevenuesAIIoT2019202513

Notes:Sources:United

States;

2019

and

2025Market

InsightshinaChina:

The

AI

market

is

expected

to

grow

by

38

percentAcross

allcountries

and

technologies,

China

shows

thestrongest

growth

ratesITB2B

revenues

inChina

in2019

and2025(inbillionU.S.dollars)963China

hasthehighestgrowth

rates

across

alltechnologies.

AIrevenue

is

forecast

to

increase

atacompound

annualgrowth

rateof38

percent

through2025.

Theexpansion

isaccompanied

by,among

otherthings,

alargegrowth

inAIpatentfamiliesheld

bycompanies

suchas

Baidu,Tencent,StateGrid,andHuawei

–thiswill

beexplored

inmore

detail

inthefollowing

chapter.503China’sIoT

market

hasthestrongest

growth

ofthefivefocuscountries.

Revenue

is

expected

tohit182

billionU.S.dollars

by2025,

makingittheonly

countryoperating

atasimilar

level

totheUnited

States.CAGR29%CAGR11%CAGR38%18247397TotalITB2BrevenuesAIIoT2019202514

Notes:Sources:China;

2019

and

2025Market

InsightspanJapan:

Contrasting

perspectives

for

AI

and

IoTDespite

biggainsintheAIfield,totalITbusiness-to-business

revenues

inJapanaregrowing

ataslow

rateITB2B

revenues

inJapan

in

2019

and

2025TheITB2B

market

inJapanispoised

togrow

atsixpercent

CAGRthrough

2025,

theslowest

of

thefivenationsanalyzed.(inbillionU.S.dollars)339Japan’sAImarket

revenue

was

3.7

billion

U.S.dollarsin2019,

thesmallest

of

thefocuscountries.Nevertheless,

duetoitslow

startingpoint,marketgrowth

isabove

average

at26

percent

peryear–onlyChina

is

expected

tosee

higherannualrevenuegrowth

over

thespecified

period.237IoT

inJapanisadifferent

picture:

Themarket

expectsan18

percent

CAGRthrough2025,

thelowest

ofthecountries

examined.

Withrevenue

of38

billion

U.S.dollarsby2025,

Japan’sIoT

market

isthethird-strongest

of

thefocuscountries.

However,

ifgrowthremains

thesame,itwill

beovertaken

byGermanyandtheUKinthefollowing

years.CAGRCAGRCAGR6%18%26%3814.8143.7TotalITB2BrevenuesAIIoT2019202515

Notes:Sources:Japan;

2019

and

2025Market

InsightsermanyGermany:

The

AI

market

will

likely

increase

the

fastestWithannualrevenue

growth

ofninepercent,

Germany‘s

ITbusiness-to-business

market

isexpected

to

reach

246

billion

U.S.dollars

by2025ITB2B

revenues

inGermany

in2019

and

2025(inbillionU.S.dollars)ThetotalITB2B

market

inGermany

is

forecast

toachieve

revenues

of246

billion

U.S.dollarsin2025,growing

byninepercent

annually.246Thecountry’sAImarket

will

likely

increase

thefastest,with

revenue

expected

togrow

atacompound

annualrateof

23

percent

to

14.9

billion

U.S.dollarsby2025.IoT

revenue

isforecast

togrow

22

percent

annuallyfrom

2019

to2025,

resulting

inamarket

sizeof

36billion

U.S.dollars.

Thisputs

Germany

almost

onalevel

with

Japan,which

isestimated

tohaveamarketsize

of38

billion

U.S.dollars

by2025.150CAGR22%CAGR9%CAGR23%3614.9114.3TotalITB2BrevenuesAIIoT2019202516

Notes:Sources:Germany;2019

and

2025Market

InsightsnitedKingdomUnited

Kingdom:

The

IoT

market

is

expectedto

grow

by

25

percentTheUKisforecast

tobethelargest

ITbusiness-to-business

market

inEuropein2025ITB2B

revenues

inthe

UnitedKingdom

in2019

and

2025(inbillionU.S.dollars)TheUnitedKingdomhasalarger

ITB2B

market

thanGermany,

with

revenues

of

259

billionU.S.

dollarsby2025.

Forecasts

expect

growth

of

eightpercent

overtheanalyzed

period.259TheUK’sAImarket

isforecast

to

increase

atacompound

annualgrowth

rateofjustunder21percent,

the

lowest

of

thenationsexamined.159InboththeAIand

IoT

markets,

theUKisexpected

tohavethesmallest

market

sizes

within

the

focuscountries

by2025.

However,

theUKhasthesecond-fastest

growing

IoT

market

–its25

percent

CAGRisjustbelow

China’s29

percent.CAGR25%CAGR8%CAGR21%3213.884.5TotalITB2BrevenuesAIIoT2019202517

Notes:Sources:United

Kingdom;

2019

and

2025Market

Insights03Patent

development?

PatentAsset

Index?

B2B

revenues

offocuscountries?

Number

ofpatentfamilies?

Top

owners

bynumberof

patentfamilies?

Top

owners

byPatentAsset

Index?

Shareof

patentfamiliesbycountryPatent

Asset

IndexThePatentAsset

Indexisascientifically

developed

objective

measure

used

to

evaluate

innovationPatentspromote

innovation

byencouraging

people

toinventproducts

orTechnology

Relevanceprocesses,

sales

ofwhich

may

generate

profitinthefuture.Thequestion

thatarises

iswhether

ahighnumberof

patentfamiliesimplies

thatone

will

become

afuturenew

global

leader

intechnological

innovation.

Inorder

to

assess

this,itisimportant

to

gobeyond

thenumberof

patents,looking

closer

atthepatentsandevaluatingtheir

quality.

Thisisexactly

the

purpose

of

the

PatentAsset

Index.Globalcitationsreceived

fromlaterpatents,adjustedbyage,patentofficepractice,andtechnologyfieldcitationpractice.Averagevalue:1ThePatentAsset

Indexisascientifically

developed

objective

measure

used

toevaluate

innovation.

Thevalueof

apatentdependsmainlyon

two

factors:

otherpatentsbeing

filedthatbuild

on

the

technology

protected

bythe

patentinquestionandthe

geographical

scope

of

patentprotection.

Simply

put,

apatentisconsideredmore

impactfulwhen

itleadstofurtherinventionsandisprotected

inmultipleauthorities.

ThePatentAsset

Index

ismeasured

basedon

two

indicators:technology

relevance

and

market

coverage.Competitive

ImpactPatent

Asset

IndexIndividualstrengthofapatentfamily.Totalstrengthofapatentportfolio.Market

CoverageMarketsizeprotectedbyactivepatentsandpendingpatentapplications

onacertaininvention.ValueofgrantedU.S.patents:1.019

Notes:The

Patent

Asset

Index

ofapatent

portfolio

is

defined

asthe

aggregate

strengthofall

the

patents

the

portfolio

contains;

the

strengthofeach

individual

patent

family

is

measured

by

its

competitive

impact;formore

information

about

the

Patent

Asset

Index,

please

refertoPatentAsset

IndexSources:

LexisNexisAICanChina

close

the

gapwith

the

United

States

in

the

long

term?TheUnitedStatesdominates

theAImarket

interms

ofmarket

size,

while

China

hasbyfarthehighestannualgrowth

rateAIB2B

revenues

of

the

focus

countries

in2019

and2025(inbillionU.S.dollars)Among

alltechnologies

analyzed

inthisreport,

AIisexpected

tobethefastest

growing.

Several

factorsarecontributingtothe

industry’srise.

These

includeanincreasing

availabilityofbigdataforalgorithmstolearn

andimprove,

advancements

incomputingpowerandcloudcomputing

infrastructure,growing

demandforautomation

andoptimization

invarious

industries,increasing

useofAIinconsumer-facing

applications,andgrowing

investments

andpartnershipsamongtechnology

companies,

research

institutions,andgovernments.20192025360.1122.389.247.4Therefore,

theAI

market

is

expected

toexpandsignificantlythrough2025,

asshown

bythegrowthratesof

thefivefocuscountries.38.514.814.913.86.73.74.34.5WorldwideCAGR21%CAGR38%CAGR26%CAGR23%CAGR21%20

Notes:Sources:Worldwide;

2019

and

2025Market

InsightsIoTChina

is

on

course

to

narrow

the

gap

with

the

United

StatesUnlikeother

technologies,

the

United

StatesandChina

havesimilarmarket

sizes

intheInternet

ofThingsfieldIoT

B2B

revenues

of

thefocus

countries

in

2019

and

2025(inbillionU.S.dollars)TheIoTmarket

canbedivided

into

several

segments,includingindustrial,healthcare,

automotive,

andsmartcities/finances.

Although

theglobal

semiconductorshortage

hasslowed

market

supplyand

growthcompared

withthepre-pandemic

period,

demand

forsmart

solutions

rangingfromindustrialtosecurityapplicationscontinues

to

grow.201920251,394.9Inthe

IoT

market,

the

United

Statesand

China

are

atasimilar

level

–

forecasts

expect

theU.S.tohaveaslightlyhigherrevenue

by2025.

However,

China

is

oncourse

to

narrow

the

gap,growing

atafasterrateof29

percent

peryear.

TheUnited

Kingdom,which

hadthe

smallest

IoT

market,

isexpected

to

see

the

second-largest

revenue

growth

rate.353.4198.8182.054.738.838.035.931.914.211.18.4WorldwideCAGR24%CAGR29%CAGR18%CAGR22%CAGR25%25

Notes:Worldwide;

2019

and

2025Sources:

LexisNexis04Conclusion

and

outlook?

United

Statesvs.

China?

Top

countries

incriticaltechnologies

withinAI?

OutlookUnited

States

vs.ChinaWhowill

win

the

race

forleadership

incritical

technologies?Comparison

of

the

technological

leadin

critical

technologies

in

2023NumberoftechnologiesTheprevious

chaptershowed

thatChina

hasseen

anenormous

increase

inpatentfamilies

inthe

two

largest

growth

technologies

since2014.

Thisraises

the

questionof

where

thisdevelopment

will

lead

in

thefuture.HasChina

already

takenoverdominance

incritical

technologies?Advanced

information

andcommunication

technologies16Advanced

materials

andmanufacturing13According

toastudy

bytheAustralian

Strategic

Policy

Institute(ASPI),

China

wasthe

leader

in53

of

64

critical

technologies

as

ofSeptember

2023

–theUnitedStatestopped

the

remaining

11.

China

hasespecially

high-impactresearch

output

intheareas

ofadvanced

materials

and

manufacturing,energy

and

environment,

andsensing,timing,and

navigation.AI

technologies24Biotechnology,

genetechnology,

andvaccines34Energy

andenvironment8ASPI’sCriticalTechnology

Tracker

measures

thelead

incritical

technologies

basedon

scientificpublicationsandthe

numberof

leading

research

institutesincertaintechnologies.

Publicationsthatarecited

particularly

frequently

internationally

areweighted

heavily,

as,according

tothe

authors,there

is

astrong

correlationbetween

patentsandfrequently

cited

publications.Quantum13Sensing,

timing,andnavigation27Defense,

space,

robotics,

andtransportation25Unique

AUKUStechnologies3U.S.leadingChinaleading31

Notes:China;

United

States;September

2023;

AUKUS

is

atrilateralsecurity

partnership

between

Australia,

the

United

Kingdom,

and

the

United

StatesSources:

ASPI;

ID:1370851Deep

dive:

AI

technologiesInartificialintelligence,

China

leadsinfourof

the

six

technologiesTop

five

countries

in

artificialintelligence

technologiesAdvanced

dataanalytics31%15%4%7%6%4%39%38%39%AI

algorithms

andhardware

accelerators37%13%4%4%

4%Advanced

integratedcircuit

designand

fabrication21%24%5%4%Adversarial

AI31%25%4%

4%5%31%Machinelearning

(incl.neuralnetworks

anddeep

learning)33%18%4%

3%5%

3%5%37%Natural

languageprocessing

(incl.

speechand

textrecognitionandanalysis)24%26%6%37%ChinaU.S.UKSouthKoreaIndiaAustraliaItalyGermanyOthers32

Notes:Worldwide;

September

2023Sources:

ASPIThe

U.S.

could

lose

the

future

global

technology

race

to

ChinaOutlookInsummary,

rapidtechnological

progress

hasbeen

madeinthe

lastyears

anddecades.

Thisreport

discovered

thatthe

United

Statesisthe

top

spender

onresearch

anddevelopment

andremains

the

undisputedgloballeader

inITB2Bmarket

revenues.

Based

ontheNetwork

Readiness

Index,the

U.S.

isalsomostButtherelease

of

ChatGPT

bythe

U.S.-based

OpenAIinlate2022

haschangedperceptions

and

helped

to

narrow

the

gapwith

China.China

struggled

tobringitsown

alternatives

to

themarket,

which

furthermore

laggedbehindtheWesternvariants,mostly

dueto

political

sensitivities

andthe

Chinese

onlineenvironment,prepared

tousethe

opportunities

of

information

andcommunications

technology.

which

isstrictly

monitored

andsubjecttocensorship.Japan,Germany,

and

theUnitedKingdomare

atsimilar

levels

interms

of

ITB2Bmarket

sizes,

research

and

development

expenditure,

andpatentdevelopments.Germany

andthe

UKare

among

the

top

10

performers

inthe

Network

ReadinessIndex,while

Japanranksaheadof

China

(13th

and20th,respectively).Nevertheless,

asthedata

inthisreport

demonstrates,

thisdoes

notmean

thatChina'sdevelopment

intheAI

sector

islosing

pace.

Moreover,

the

success

ofChatGPT

inthiscontext

shows

thatChina

and

theWest,theU.S.inparticular,arepursuingdifferent

approaches

dueto

different

political

andsocietal

circumstances,among

other

things,

and

may

therefore

notbedirectly

comparable

inthe

future.However,

especially

when

looking

atpatent

family

development

and

patentqualityinAIand

IoT,China

is

increasingly

challenging

theUnitedStates’technologydominance.

Inthe

case

ofAI,thisdevelopment

comes

asnosurprise

consideringTheway

AI,IoT,and

other

technologies

are

usedintheWest

is

notnecessarilysuitableforthe

Chinese

market

andviceversa.

Thiscould

lead

to

more

focusonthe

Chinese

government

hasset

thegoalof

becoming

aglobal

AIleader

by2030.

In

the

different

approaches

withtheirown

uniquedebates,

withChinamore

likely

tothe

pastdecade,

AIapplicationshavebeen

introduced

atarapidpaceinschools,office

buildings,

andfactories,

especially

following

theCOVID-19

outbreak.

Atthattime,few

people

would

haveargued

againstChina

winning

the

technology

race.seek

abalancebetween

economic

growth

and

political

stability,while

theWest

ismore

focused

on

usingtechnologies

suchas

AI

andIoTinaway

thatsupportsindividualism,personal

freedom,

and

globalization.33Sources:

ASPI;

FederalReserveBankofSt.Louis;

Guardian;

LexisNexis05Appendix?

Network

Readiness

Index?

Definitions

oftechnology

fieldsAppendixNetwork

Readiness

IndexTheNetwork

Readiness

Indexmeasures

the

degree

towhich

countries

are

ready

to

takeadvantageofinformation

and

communications

technologyopportunities.

Itisacomposite

indexcalculated

fromfourpillars: