牛津英語小學部分語法-特殊疑問詞

牛津英語小學部分語法一一特殊疑問詞

.特殊疑問句

單詞意思用法

when什么時間問時間

who誰問人

whose誰的問主人

where在哪里問地點

which哪一個問選擇

why為什么問原因

what什么問東西

whattime什么時間問時間

whatcolour什么顏色問顏色

whatabout…怎么樣問意見

whatday星期幾問星期

whatdate什么日期問具體日期

whatfor為何目的問目的

how…怎么樣問情況

howold多大問年齡

howmany多少問數(shù)量

howmuch多少問價錢

howabout…怎么樣問意見

howfar多遠問路程

練一練

1、A:_______.istheboyinblue?B:He'sMike.

2、A:_______.walletisit?B:Ifsmine.

3、A:_______.isthediary?B:It'sunderthechair.

4、A:_______.istheChirstmasDay?B:It'sonthe25thofDecember.

5、A:_______,aretheearphones?B:Theyare25yuan.

6、A:_______.isthehairdryer?B:Ifsblue.

7、A:_______,isittoday?B:It9sSunday.

8、A:_______,wasityesterday?B:Itwasthe13thofOctober.

9、A:_______thisredone?B:It'sbeautiful.

10、A:_______isitfromhere?abouttwokilometreaway.

11>A:CanIhavesomepaperandsomecrayons?

B:?A:Iwanttomakeakite.

12>A:oneisfatter,theblueoneortheredone?B:Theblueone.

13、A:isyourcousin?B:He's15yearsold.

14、A:doyouhavedinner?B:At6o'clock

對劃線部分提問。（把各句變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧洌?/p>

1、對主語（人）提問：

Theboyisrunningnow.Whoisrunningnow?

2、對表語（人）提問：

HeisLily'sfather.Whoishe?

3、對介賓（人）提問：

Sheislookingforthelittleboy.Whoisshelookingfor?

4、對動賓（人）提問：

IoftenhelpWeiHuawithEnglish.WhodoyouoftenhelpwithEnglish?

5、對間賓（人）提問：

KatelentTomaballyesterday.WhodidKatelendaballyesterday?

6、對主語（東西）提問：

Thebooksareonthedesk..Whatareonthedesk?

7、對表語（東西）提問：

Theseareboats.Whatarethese?

8、對動賓（東西）提問：

Iwantacupoftea.Whatdoyouwant?

9對職業(yè)（提問）提問：

Themanisafarmer.Whatistheman?Whatdoesthemando?

10.對介賓（東西）提問：

Heislookingforhisp〉n.Whatishelookingfor?

11、對是什么提問：

It'saChinesecar.Whatisit?

12、對計算結(jié)果提問：

Sixandnineisfifteen.Whatissixandnine?

13、對年級提問：

I'minGradeThree.Whatgradeareyouin?

14、對班級提問:

LiLeiisinClassFive.WhatclassisLiLeiin?

15、對年級和班級提問：

WeiHuaisinClassThreeGradeOne,WhatclassandgradeisWeihuain?

16、對排提問：

WeareinRowOne.Whatrowareyouin?

注：1、對年級、班級、排提問時，問句中的in不能去掉.

2,what后的grade,class,row用小寫形式.

3,what根據(jù)實際譯為漢語.

17、對學號提問：

LucyisNumberSix.WhatnumberisLucy?WhatisLucy'snumber?

18、對后置定語提問：

ThisisamapofChina.Whatmapisthis?

19、對顏色提問：

Theflowersarered.Whatcoloraretheflowers?

20、對幾點幾分提問：

It'ssix.Whattimeisit?Whafsthetime?

21、對名字提問：

MynameisLiLei.Whafsyourname?

22、對前置定語提問：

Theseapplesareyours.Whichapplesareyours?

ThebestoneisLily's.WhichoneisLily's?

23、對表語（名物代）提問：

Thiscupisyours.Whoseisthecup?

24、對后置定語提問：

Theboyinthehatismybrother.Whichboyisyourbrother?

25、對后置定語提問：

Iwanttobuytheshirtontheleft.Whichshirtdoyouwanttobuy?

26、對主語（名物代）提問：

Mineisred.Whoseisred?

27、對定語（形物代）提問：

Theyaremybooks.Whosebooksarethey?

28、對定語(名詞所有格)提問：

ThisisLucyandLily'sroom.Whoseroomisthis?

29、對表語(名詞所有格)提問：

ThiscupisKate's.Whoseisthiscup?

30對身體提問：

I'mfine(well,OK,Allright.)Howareyou?

31、對年齡提問：

Theboyisfifteen.Howoldareyou?

32、對天氣提問：

It'scloudytoday.Howistheweathertoday?=What'stheweatherliketoday?

33、對語言提問：

IcanspellitinEnglish.Howcanyouspellit?

34、對方式提問：

Ioftengotoschoolonfoot.(bybus,bytrain,bybike-)Howdoyouoftengotoschool?

35、對程度提問：

Shestudieshard.Howdoesshestudy?

36、對數(shù)量提問：

1,Therearefivebirdsinthetree.Howmanybirdsarethereinthetree?

2,Thereismuchwaterinthebottle.Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?

3,Thereisanappletreeinfrontofthehouse.Howmanyappletreesarethereinfrontofthe

house?

37、對價格提問：Themeatistenyuan.Howmuchisthemeat?

注：1,對價格提問，be應根據(jù)后面的主語而定。

2,單位yuan在問句中去掉。

38、對距離提問：

Thefactoryistwokilometersfromhere.Howfaristhefactoryfromhere?

39、對長度提問：

Therulerisonemetrelong.Howlongistheruler?

40、對for+一段時間提問：

Wehavestayedtherefortwohours.Howlonghaveyoustayedthere?

Hehaslivedheresince1997.Howlonghashelivedhere?

注：howlong后面必須是延續(xù)性動詞。

41、對星期提問：

TodayisMonday.Whatdayisittoday?

42、對in+一段時間提問：

Thewomanwillgototheshopinfiveminutes.Howsoonthewomanwillgototheshop?

43、對頻度副詞提問：

LiuYingoftencarrieswaterforUncleLi.HowoftendoesLiuYingcarrywaterforUncleLi?

44、對范圍內(nèi)的次數(shù)提問：

Igoswimmingonceaweekinsummer.Howmanytimesdoyougoswimminginsummer?

45、對寬度提問：

Theriverisfivemetreswide.Howwideistheriver?

46、對原因狀語提問：

Hedidn'tcometoschoolbecausehewasillinbed.Whydidn'thecometoschool?

注：表示“因為”的連詞有since,as,for,because.

47、對時間狀語提問：

Weusuallycometoschoolatseveninthemorning.Whendoyouusuallycometoschool?

48、對地點狀語提問：

Thechildrensometimesplayfootballontheplayground.Wheredothechildrensometimesplay

football?

49、對幾月幾日提問：

IfsMay2today.What'sthedatetoday?

50、對種類（后置定語）提問：

Iwantthecakeswithnutsinthem.Whatkindofcakesdoyouwant?

51、對作什么提問：

Theboysareplayinginthetree.Whataretheboysdoinginthetree?

熟記變特殊疑問句時，容易判斷錯的情況。

1、數(shù)詞

表示年齡：Heisfifty-five.Howoldishe?

表示時間：Ifsfifty-five.What9sthetime?

表示力口法：Sixandtwoiseight.Whafssixandtwo?

表示價格：Theshirtisthirtyyuan.Howmuchistheshirt?

表示多少：Ihavethreebrothers.Howmanybrothersdoyouhave?

2、姓名和人

表示人名：MynameisGina.Whafsyourname?

表示人：ThewomanisGina.Whoisthewoman?

3、長度和距離

表示是巨離：Ifsfivehundredmetresawayfromhere.Howfarisitfromhere?

表示長度：It'sfivehundredmetres.Howlongisit?

4、顏色，東西

表示顏色：Theshoesarewhite.Whatcoloraretheshoes?

表示物：Theyarewhitesheep.Whatarethey?

表示顏色：Theyarewhitesheep.Whatcolorarethesesheep?

5、名詞所有格和人

表示名詞所有格：She'sLucy'ssister.Whosesisterisshe?

表示人：She'sLucy'ssister.Whoisshe?

1.isthis?It'sarubber.

2.rubbersarethereinthepencilbox?

3.isyourbrother?He'snine.

4.arethey?Theyarecows.

5.areyou?I'mfine.

6.doyoufeel?Wearehappy.

7.isyourfather?Heisadentist.

8.doeshegotoschool?Hegoestoschoolbybus.

9.aretheducks?Theyareontheriver.

10.ishisname?HeisMartin.

11.newbookshaveyougot?Five.

12.isthetree?It'sgreen.

13.coatsarethese?Mary's.

14.isonthedesk?Thereisaglass.

15.isthisbook?It'sacirecle.

I.對畫線部分提問

1.Theyboughtanewbikeyesterday.

2.Sheisanurse.

3.Sheismyteacher.

4.HeboughttheredOD。.

5.Itismycoat.

6.Iamlookingformysister.

7.Igetupatsix.

8.IamfromHubei.

9.IwenttoschoollatebecauseIgotuplate.

10.Itiswindy.

11.1amgettingonwellwithit.

12.Mybagisred.

13.ThebookisLiHua's.

14.1likemathbest.

15.Theyarefiveyuan.

16.1washittwiceaweek.

17.Hewillbebackinfourdays.

18.1didn'tcometoclassyesterdaybecauseIwasill.

n.選擇題

()19.Excusemeisthenearestbookshop?Godownthestreetandturnleftatthe

secondcorner?

A.howB.whatC.whereD.who

()20.isatickerforthefilmHackerHe?Aboutfortyyuan.

A.HowoldB.HowmanyC.HowmuchD.Howoften

()21.—areyougoing?一I'mgoingtothelibrary.

A.WhoB.WhichC.WhatD.Where

()22.Ifsanicecar.haveyoubeeninit?JusttoShanghai.

A.HowmuchB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howfar

()23.?It'seight.

A.WhatdayisitB.What9sfiveandthreeC.HowoldareyouD.What'syourtelephone

number

()24.—?一I'vegotaheadacheandacough.

A.What'syourtroubleB.WhafswrongwithitC.CanIhelpyouD.Howareyou

()25.teadidyouhave?Twocups.

A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowsoonD.Which

()26.shallwemeetinthepark?Whatabouthalfpasteight?

A.WhatB.WhenC.WhereD.,Which

()27.ayeardoesyourschoolhavesportsmeetings?Twiceayear.

A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howmanytimes

()28.?Theonebehindthetree.

A.WhosegirlB.Who'sthatgirlC.WhichgirlD.Where'sthegirl

()29.areyougoingtobeinthefuture?Iwanttobeaperson-YangLiwei.

A.How,likeB.How,asC.What,likeD.What,as

()30.willyourfatherbeback?.

AHowlongBhowoftenCHowsoonDHowwide

HI就劃線部分提問。

31.Heoftenhaslunchinthefactory.

heoftenlunch?

32.Theywillcomebackinamonth.

willtheycomeback?

33.HehurthisleglastSunday.

hehurthisleg?

34.Igotupatsixthismorning.

youupthismorning?

35?TheyweredrawingahorsewhenIcamein.

theywhenIcamein?

36.Ididn'tgotoschoolbecauseIhadabadcold.

yougotoschool?

37.You'dbettertaketheNo.3bus.

busIbettertake?

38.He'sfeelingwell.

hefeeling?

39.Thegirlinaredcoatismysister.

isyoursister?

40.HecomestoChinaonceayear.

hetoChina?

41.Hegoestoseehisgrandma（twiceaweek）.（對括號部分提問）

?

42.Myfathergoestoworkbycar.（改為特殊疑問句）

?

43.Ittake（15minutes）foraferrytocrosstheriver.（對括號部分提問）

?

44.Youcandial（110）tocallthepolice.（對括號部分提問）

canyoudialtocallthepolice

45.Tedputhisbaginthedesk.（改為特殊疑問句）

Tedinthedesk?

46.Thestudents（wentcamping）lastweek.（對括號部分提問）

?

47.3and9is12.（改為特殊疑問句）

?

48.Diogenescamefrom（Greece）.（對括號部分提問）

Diogenes?

49.Thewaytokeepfitis（toeatfoodandtakemornexercise）.（對括號部分提問）

thewayto?

50.Welanded（onanunexploredplanet）.（對括號部分提問）

youland?

IV.就劃線部分提問。

1.Ifsapen.____________________________________________

2.He'sMr.Jones.___________________________________________

3.Theyareonthelake.

4.Pmtwenty-one._________________________________________

5.WearereadinganEnglishbook.

6.ShecomesfromChina.

7.Myfatherishere._________________________________________

8.XiaoWangislookingforhisteacher.

9.Mrs.WhiteisTom'smother.

10.Tom'smotherisamusicteacher.

11.Tom'smotheristeachingmusic.

12.Yougotoworkateight.

13.1t9sApril27th._____________________________________________

14.1t9swetandcloudy.

15.1amtalkingaboutthefilm.

16.1goinforbasketball.

17.1havecaughtabadcough.

18.MyunclewilltakebusNo.5.

19.1amwritingwithmyoldpen.

20.1writewithourteacher'spen.

21.Mr.BrownisfromLondon.

22.MysisterbegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.

24.1gotothecinematwiceaweek.

25.It'sabouttwomilesfrommyhometothelibrary.

26.Tomhastwopiecesofpaper.

27.1haven'tanyink.

28.Therearethirtypeopleintheroom.

29.Thenewcoatcoststhreeyuan.

30.Youcangotherebybus.__________________________________________________

31.1likeitverymuch.

32.ThestudentsstudyEnglishforthecountry.

33.Hedidn'tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.

34.1amthirty-oneyearsold._________________________________________________

35.rilbebackinafewminutes.

36.ZhangHongis1.60meterstall.

37.Thisropeis20meterslong.

38.Thiselephantisonehundredweight.

39.1havebeentoBeijingthreetimes.

］、IfsHelen'sdress.（戈U線提問）.

2、ThosepotsareMr.Li's.（戈ll線提問）.

3、ThehairdryerisHanMeimei's.（劃線提問）.

4、Theblueoneismine.（劃線提問）.

Itmeans"Nolittering".（劃線提問）______________________________________

5、MybirthdayisonthefirstofJun。.（劃線提問）

6、Theyliveinthetownwiththeirparents.（戈U線提問）

V.選擇：

1、Excuseme,canyoutellme_isthewaytotheshoppinghall?

A.whereB.whichC.whyD.who

2、gotthe100thgoldmetalintheOlympicsforChina?-ZhangYining.

a.Whob.Whatc.Whend.Where

3、areyoutalkingabout?WearetalkingabouttheAsiaGamesinGuangzhou.

a.Whatb.Wherec.Whyd.How

4、___doyouvisityouruncle?-onceaweek.

a.Howlongb.Howmanyc.Howoftend.Howsoon

5、___milkdoyouneed?-Threecups.

a.Howmanyb.Howmuchc.Howfard.Howlong

二.句子的種類

類別用法標點例句

Thisisabag.

_LJt±■士敘述一件事情

或說明說That'smybook.

陳述句

話人的看法Icanseeabagoverthere.

否定

Idon'tknow.

Areyouastudent?

一般用于提出問題Doyoulikepuppets?

CanyouspeakEnglish?

What'syourname?

特殊用于提出問題Where*smybag?

疑問句

Howmanytreesarethere?

用于提出問題

選擇Isyourfriendaboyoragirl?

反意Ifsafineday,isn'tit?

用于提出問題

Putithere!

祈使句表示命令或請求、建議.或！

Lookatthenoticeboard.

Howsmart!

表示驚訝'贊美'憤怒等

感嘆句!Gladtoseeyou!

強烈情感

Whatanicepencilcase!

、be動詞：am,is,are

二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句定義

1.肯定句：表示肯定的意思，即不含有否定詞“不”。

比如：我是一個學生Iamastudent.

他去上學Hegoestoschool.

2.否定句：表示否定的意思。

比如：我丕是一個男孩。Iamnotaboy

他丕去上學Hedoesnotgotoschool.

3.一般疑問句：回答為“是yes”或者“否no”的問句。

比如：你是一個學生嗎？Areyouastudent?

你喜歡英語嗎？DoyoulikeEnglish?

4.特殊疑問句：回答不是“是yes”或者“否no”的問句，根據(jù)提問內(nèi)容具體回答。

比如：現(xiàn)在幾點T?What'sthetime?

哪一支筆是你的？Whichisyourpen?

三、肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句的相互轉(zhuǎn)換

undefined囿am,is,are的句子，

肯定句變否定句：在am,is,are后面加上not,其余按順序照抄。

肯定句變一般疑問句：把am,is,are提前放到句首并大寫Am,Is,Are,其余照抄。

肯定句變特殊疑問句（就劃線部分提問）：分3步驟

第一步：先變一般疑問句

第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞代替劃線部分

第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。

如：Liming'snotheretoday.Who'snotheretoday?今天誰沒來？

例如：

1.肯定句、否定句和一般疑問句的互換

肯定句：Thisisabook.

否定句：Thisis|not|abook.

一般疑問句：Isthisabook?

肯定回答：Yes,itis.

否定回答：No,itisn't.

2.就劃線部分提問（變特殊疑問句）

Thisisabook.

第一步：變一般疑問句Isthisabook

第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞Isthis皿圓

第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。Whatisthis?

沒有am,is,are|的句子，

肯定句變否定句：在屋圄后面加上donot或者doesnot.其余按順序照抄動詞用原形

肯定句變一般疑問句：在句首加do或者does并大寫，其余照抄。注意：動詞用原形

肯定句變特殊疑問句（就劃線部分提問）：分3步驟

第一步：先變一般疑問句

第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞代替劃線部分■

第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。

注意：i.一定先變一般疑問句。但是，如果?問的是主聞或主語的定語時，?語序不變|,為“麗

疑問詞（+H語1）+|陳述句|"。

2.劃線部分不能在特殊疑問句中出現(xiàn)。

非單三時用do,單三時用does

非單三肯定句：IlikeEnglish.

一般疑問句：國youlikeEnglish?

否定句：IdonotlikeEnglish.

單三肯定句：HelikesEnglish.

一般疑問句：DoeshelikeEnglish?

否定句：HedoesnotlikeEnglish.

就劃線部分提問：IlikeEnglish.

第一步：先變一般疑問句國youlikeEnglish

第二步：找合適的特殊疑問詞代替劃線部分國youlikewhat

第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部分。

Whatdoyoulike?

特殊:

1、some變?yōu)閍nyo如：

Therearesomebirdsinthetree.—>Therearen'tanybirdsinthetree.

但是，若在表示請邀請、請求的句子中，some可以不變。如：

Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?

與此相關的一些不定代詞如something,somebody等也要進行相應變化。

2、and變?yōu)閛r。如：

Ihaveaknifeandaruler.—>1don'thaveaknifeoraruler.

3、alotof（=lotsof）變?yōu)閙any或mucho如：

Theyhavealotoffriends.（可數(shù)名詞）—Theydon*thavemanyfriends.

Thereislotsoforangeinthebottle.（不可數(shù)名詞）

—>Thereisn'tmuchorangeinthebottle.

4、already變?yōu)閥et。如：

Ihavebeentherealready.—Ihaven'tbeenthereyet.

練一練：

1、Ifsabook.（改一般疑問句）

2、Myfatheris2thestudy.（對劃線部分提問）

3、DoyouwatchTVeverySunday?（做肯定回答）

4、Thispictureisverybeautiful.（改為以what引導的感嘆句）

5、Kicktheballtome!（改為否定句）

6、Ihaveabigpresent.（對劃線部分提問）

7、Therearesomeorangetreesonthefarm.（改為單數(shù)句子）

參考答案1、Whatdidtheybuyyesterday?2、Whatisshe?3、Whoisshe?4、Which

onedidhebuy?5、Whosecoatisit?6、Whodoyoulookingfor?7、

Whendogetup?8、Whereareyoufrom?9、Whyareyoulate?10、What

istheweatherliketoday?11、Howareyougetonwithit?12、Whatcolor

isyourbag?13>Whosebagisit?14、Whatsubjectdoyoulikebest?15、Howmuchare

they?16、Howoftendoyouwashit?17>Howsoonwillhebeback?18>Whydidn'tyou

cometoclassyesterday?

19-24CCDDBA25-30ABACCC

31、Wheredoes；have32、Howsoon33、Whendid；hurt34>Whattimedid；get35、Whatwere；

doing36、Whydidn't37、Which；had38、Howis39、Whichgirl40、Howoftendoes

come.41、Howoftendoeshegotoseehisgrandma?42>Howdoesyourfathergoto

work?43>Howlongdoesittakeforaferrytocrosstheriver?44>Whatnumber45>Whatdid;

put46、Whatdidstudentsdolastweek?47、Whatis3and9?48>Wheredid;camefrom?49、Which

is;keepfit50、Wheredid

V就劃線部分提問答案

IgotoseemygrandpaeverySaturday.

Howoftenyoudotoseeyourgrandpa?

Myfatherisadoctor.

Whatdoesyourfatherdo?

TheschooltripisonJunefirst.

Whenistheschooltrip?

Sheusuallygoesjoggingbeforebreakfast.

Whendoessheusuallygojogging?

Myfavouritehobbyisplayingchess.

Whatisyourfavouritehobby?

Thereisalittlefishinthefridge.

Howmuchfishisthereinthefridge?

Thecomputercost4,000yuan.

Howmuchdidthecomputercost?

IfsSundaytoday.

Whatdayistoday?

Myfather'sfHendownsabighouse.

Whoownsabighouse?

Moststudentsdohomeworkeveryday.

Whatdomoststudentsdo

Mr.Liworksinafactory.

WheredoesMr.Liwork

Thebikeisblack.

Whatcolouristhebike?

Theblackbikeismine.

Whichbikeisyours?

TodayisJanuary14th.

What'sthedateistoday?

Helivedtwentyyears.

Howlongdidhelive

Itistenminutes'walkfromyourhometoyourschool.

Howfarisitfromyourhometoyourschool?

Itistwokilometersawayfromyourhometoyourschool.

初中英語語法口訣

一、冠詞基本用法

【速記口訣】

名詞是禿子，常要戴帽子，

可數(shù)名詞單，須用a或an,

輔音前用a,an在元音前,

若為特指時，則須用定冠，

復數(shù)不可數(shù)，泛指the不見,

碰到代詞時，冠詞均不現(xiàn)。

【妙語詮釋】冠詞是中考必考的語法知識之一，也是中考考查的主要對象。

以上口訣包括的意思有：①名詞在一般情況下不單用，常常要和冠詞連用；②表

示不確指的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前要用不定冠詞a或an,確指時要用定冠詞the;③

如復數(shù)名詞表示泛指，名詞前有this,these,my,some等時就不用冠詞。

二、名詞單數(shù)變復數(shù)規(guī)則

【速記口訣】

單數(shù)變復數(shù)，規(guī)則要記住，

一般加s，特殊有幾處：

/s/結(jié)尾，es不禺后，

末尾字母0,大多加S,

兩人有兩菜,es不離口,

詞尾f、fe,s前有v和e;

沒有規(guī)則詞，必須單獨記。

【妙語詮釋】①大部分單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)要加s，但如果單詞以/t?

簟/、/?簟/、/s/發(fā)音結(jié)尾(也就是單詞如果以ch,sh,s,x等結(jié)尾),則一般

加es;②以。結(jié)尾的單詞除了兩人(negro,hero)兩菜(tomato,potato)

加es外,其余一般加s;③以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞一般是把f,fe變?yōu)関e再加s;

④英語中還有些單詞沒有規(guī)則，需要特殊記憶，如child—children,mouse-

mice,deer-deer,sheep—sheep,Chinese—Chinese,ox—oxen,man

—men,woman—women,foot—feet,tooth—teeth0

三、名詞所有格用法

【速記口訣】

名詞所有格，表物是"誰的"，

若為生命詞，加"‘S"即可行，

詞尾有S，僅把逗號擇；

并列名詞后，各自和共有，

前者分別加，后者最后加