高中英語(yǔ)外研版必修第一冊(cè)Unit 5　Period 6　Developing ideas-Reading comprehension

Period6Developingideas—ReadingcomprehensionⅠ.匹配單詞1．breathtaking A．tolookatsb/sthwithfixedeyes2．encounter B．differencesandchanges3．stare C．sosurprisingorattractiveastotakeone’sbreathaway4．concentrate D．comeacrossormeetwith5．image E．directone’sattentiononsomething6．variety F．picturesorphotos答案1.C2.D3.A4.E5.F6.BⅡ.選詞填空eq\x(bravetheelements，afterall，concentrateon，recoverfrom，showrespectto)1.Afterall，itcantakemanyyearstorecoverfromthedeathofalovedone.2．Althoughitwasrainingcatsanddogs，theybravedtheelementsandarrivedattheaccommodation.3．Thegirlisslimandhealthy.Afterall，shejogsforanhoureverymorning.4．Youshallshowrespecttotheathleteswhethertheyhavewonmedalsornot.5．Ican’tconcentrateonmystudyifthisproblemcan’tbesettledproperly.Step1速讀——整體理解文意Ⅰ.明文章大意What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．Aphotographerwasattackedbyabear.B．AnamazingphototakeninYellowstoneNationalPark.C．Aphotographer’sfrighteningbutmagicalexperienceinYellowstoneNationalPark.D．YellowstoneNationalPark’sbears.答案CⅡ.悉層次結(jié)構(gòu)Readthetextquicklyandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Para.1A．YellowstoneNationalPark’sbears.Para.2B．Thereasonwhyhelikeshisjobasanaturephotographer.Para.3C．Aremindertorespectanimals.Para.4D．Theauthor’sexperienceofencounteringabear.答案Para.1BPara.2APara.3DPara.4CStep2細(xì)讀——逐段獲取細(xì)節(jié)Ⅰ.Readparas.1－2carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutYellowstoneNationalPark?A．Itistheworld’slargestnationalpark.B．Theparkisfamousforthevarietyofitswildlife.C．Probablytheparkisbestknownforitsbears.D．Thebearsintheparkcanrunveryfastalthoughtheyweighupto300kilograms.答案A2．Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor?A．Hisfavoriteanimalisbear.B．Helikestakingphotosbutcan’tbeartheextremeweather.C．Helikeshisjobbecausehecanobserveanimalsintheirnaturalenvironment.D．AllhisphotosweretakeninYellowstoneNationalPark.答案CⅡ.Readparas.3－4carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatdoestheword“breathtaking”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Frightening. B．Ordinary.C．Impressive. D．Unique.答案C2．Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthor’sfeelingwhenhesawabear?A．Excited. B．Terrified.C．Surprised. D．Respectful.答案B3．Howdoweknowabouttheauthor’sgettingthephoto?A．Theauthordesignedthesceneahead.B．Thebeardidtheactionforhim.C．Thebearstoodstillbeforehim.D．Theauthorgotitquitebyaccident.答案DⅢ.Readthewholepassageagainanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Totellaninterestingstory.B．Tointroduceajob.C．Tocallonpeopletoprotectanimals.D．Tointroduceanimals.答案C2．Howdoestheauthordevelophisidea?A．Bygivinganexample.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byofferinganexplanation.D．Bygivingreasons.答案A3．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Acommercialadvertisement.B．Ageographytextbook.C．Atraveljournal.D．Aresearchpaper.答案CStep3讀后——討論深度理解1．Howcanwestudentshelptoprotectanimals?(Creativethinking)答案First，plantmoretrees.Ifweplantmoretrees，theenvironmentwillbecomebetterandbetter.Then，stopkillingthemforfoodormoney.Finally，protecttheirnaturalhabitats.2．Doyouagreewiththesentence“Itisafterallwewhoarethevisitorstotheirworld.”？(Criticalthinking)答案Theanswersvary.Step4總結(jié)——課文語(yǔ)法填空Iamanaturephotographerandhavetobravethe1.elements(element)．But2.despitethewindandtherain，Istillenjoyworkingoutsidein3.thewild.Icanobserveanimalsintheir4.natural(nature)environment.YellowstoneNationalParkisfamousforthe5.variety(vary)ofitswildlifebutitisprobablybestknownfor6.its(it)bears.LastspringI7.followed(follow)apaththattookmethroughadarkforestandsawthebreathtakingview.8.Slowly(slow)Iturnedandfroze.Onlymetresawaywasabear，withwater9.falling(fall)offitshair.Ipressedthebuttonofthecamerawithmylegsshaking.Asecondlater，thebearranbackintotheforestandIgotaphotoofit.Irealizethatitiswe10.whoarethevisitorstotheirworld.Step5解讀——長(zhǎng)句難句分析1．Astheworld’sfirstnationalpark，Yellowstoneisfamousforthevarietyofitswildlife，butitisprobablybestknownforitsbears.[句式分析]此句為but連接的并列句。Astheworld’sfirstnationalpark作狀語(yǔ)，as意為“作為”；befamousfor意為“因……而出名”，同義短語(yǔ)為beknownfor。[自主翻譯]黃石公園是世界上第一座國(guó)家公園，因其野生生物的多樣性而聞名，不過(guò)其中最廣為人知的可能還是那里的熊。2．WhileIwasconcentratingonphotographingthisamazingscene，IsuddenlyhadafeelingthatIwasbeingwatched.[句式分析]此句為主從復(fù)合句。while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。[自主翻譯]我正聚精會(huì)神地拍攝這驚人的景觀，突然感覺(jué)有什么在盯著我。3．Withwaterfallingoffitsthick，brownhair，thebearstaredbackatme.[句式分析]此句含有with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”。falloff與water為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；主句中的stareatsb意為“盯著某人看”。[自主翻譯]它也盯著我，厚厚的棕色皮毛滴著水珠。4．TimestoodstillasthebearandIbothwaitedtoseewhowouldmovefirst.[句式分析]此句為復(fù)合句。as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句中who引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。[自主翻譯]時(shí)間凝固了，我和熊都等著看誰(shuí)會(huì)先動(dòng)。Ⅰ.閱讀理解AEverydayforaweek，astrange，happyvisitorwoulddroptoplaywithVanessaPrior’spetdogBobby.PriorthoughtBobbyhadmadeanewdogfriend.ItseemedveryfriendlyandgotwellalongwithBobby.Theywouldrunaftereachother，playonthepoolcover，gentlywrestle(摔跤)ornapsidebyside.Atfirstshethoughtitwasawilddog.ButwhenshepostedaphotoofthetwoplayingonherFacebook，apetrescuecentrecalledher.ThegrouptoldhertheAtlantaWolfProjecthadbeentryingtocatchthewolfformonths，buttheyfailed.Priorgavethemnewhope.Becauseofthewolf’sfriendshipwithherpetdog，itwaslikelytocomebacktoherbackyard.ResearchershopedPriorcouldhelpthem.Whentheyputsometraps(陷阱)inthebackofheryard，Priorgotaverycomplicated(復(fù)雜的)feeling.Shecouldn’tdescribewhatitwas.Thewolfwouldbeinasafeplace，butshewoulddosomethingthatharmedBobby’sfeelings.ResearcherstoldPriorthattheywouldtaketherare，blackwolftotheYellowRiverWildlifeSanctuarywhereitwouldlivewithanotherwolf.Theydidn’tthinkitasatisfyingsituationforawildanimallikeawolftohaveaconnectionwithhumans’life.Theyneedtokeepanaturalawarenesstohumansandpetsandkeeptothemselves.Wolfexpertsaddedtheywouldlookintothegeneticsoftheanimaltotrytolearnwhyitlikedtogetclosetopeopleandtriedtoplaywiththeirpets.Someexpertsbelieveitcouldhaveahistorywithwell-meaninghumans.PriorhadnotexpectedthatsheandBobbyshouldmeetsuchaspecialandlovelywolf.Theyjusthopedthedearfriendallthebest.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了VanessaPrior的寵物狗Bobby和一只狼成為朋友，寵物救援中心看到了她在Facebook上的照片后，聯(lián)系到了她，準(zhǔn)備捕捉這只狼，并將其帶到保護(hù)區(qū)中生活。1．WhathappenedtoVanessaPrioraccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Shedidn’tlikeherdog’snewfriend.B．Shewasawardedforherhelpfulpicture.C．Sherealizedherdogmadefriendswithawolf.D．Shecalledthepetrescuecentretocatchthewolf.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“PriorthoughtBobbyhadmadeanewdogfriend.”及第二段中第三句可知，起初Prior以為那是一只野狗，但直到一家寵物救援中心給她打電話，VanessaPrior才意識(shí)到她的狗和一只狼成了朋友。故選C。2．HowdidPriorfeelwhensometrapswereset?A．ShewasafraidtoloseBobby.B．Sheregrettedhelpingtheresearchers.C．Shewasworriedaboutthewolf’sfuture.D．Shehadbittersweetfeelingsaboutthewolf.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中第三句可知，當(dāng)他們?cè)O(shè)置陷阱時(shí)，Prior對(duì)那只狼有苦樂(lè)參半的復(fù)雜感覺(jué)。故選D。3．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheblackwolffromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Itisakindandsociableanimal.B．Itwasoncekeptasahumanpet.C．Itwillbesenttothewildtolivewithotheranimals.D．Ithasagreatawarenessofdistancingitselffromhumans.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中第一、二句可知，狼專家將研究這種動(dòng)物的基因，試圖了解它為什么喜歡與人親近，并試圖與寵物玩耍。一些專家認(rèn)為，它可能與善意的人類有著淵源，故可推知，這只黑狼善良且善于交際。故選A。4．Wherecanthepassagemostprobablyappear?A．Inamedicalreport.B．Inatravelleaflet.C．Inanaturemagazine.D．Inascientificresearch.答案C解析文章出處題。文章主要講述了VanessaPrior的寵物狗Bobby和一只狼成為朋友的故事。由此推知，本文可能出現(xiàn)在自然雜志上。故選C。B(2023·河北邯鄲高一期末)Theworld’sanimalpopulationshavereducedbymorethantwothirdssince1970，accordingtoarecentresearchfromtheWorldWildlifeFund.TheLondongroupprovidedinformationon32,000wildlifepopulationswhichincludedmorethan5,000species.Theresearchersfoundthatpopulationsizeshadreducedby69percentonaverage.Theysaidthelossofforests，humanexploitation(開采)oftheenvironment，pollution，andclimatechangeweregreatcausesofthereducedpopulations.Land-usechangeisstillthebiggestthreattowildlife.However，theresearchersalsoaddedthatclimatechangewaslikelytobecomethemajorcauseinthecomingyears.WildlifepopulationsinLatinAmericanandtheCaribbeanSeaareaweregreatlyaffected.Theresearchshoweda94percentdropinthoseareasinover50years.Wildlifepopulationsinriverandlakehabitatsdecreasedthemost.Freshwaterpopulationshavereduceddramaticallysince1970.Forexample，onepopulationofpinkriverdolphinsintheAmazonRiverareaofBrazilfellby65percentbetween1996and2021.Thesefindingsarearedflagthatwarnsofalargersystemfailureontheway.Evenonespecies’populationdropcanaffectotherspecies，finallyaffectingtheecosystem’sabilitytofunction(運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn))．Humansdependonanunchangeableclimateandproductivefarmlandandfisheriestogetahead，butthepresentstatesarethreateningmanylife-sustainingecosystems.Ourfuturedependsonchangingtheunbalancesituationofnaturejustasitdependsonaddressingclimatechange.Andyoucan’tsolveonewithoutsolvingtheother.Everyonehasaroleindoinghisbit，fromindividuals(個(gè)人)tocompaniestogovernments.Ifnothingchanges，animalpopulationswillundoubtedlycontinuetofall，threateningtheecosystemsonwhichwealldepend.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了野生動(dòng)物銳減的原因，以及呼吁人們應(yīng)該采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物。5．Whatisthegreatestthreattothewildlifepopulationsnow?A．Airpollution.B．Land-usechange.C．Globalclimatewarming.D．Illegalhuntingandkilling.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Land-usechangeisstillthebiggestthreattowildlife.”可知，現(xiàn)在，土地利用的改變?nèi)匀皇且吧鷦?dòng)物種群面臨的最大威脅。故選B。6．Howdoestheauthordescribethedecreaseoffreshwaterwildlife?A．Bylistingnumbers.B．Bygivinganexample.C．Byexplainingthecauses.D．Bymakingacomparison.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的最后兩句可知，作者通過(guò)舉例來(lái)描述淡水野生動(dòng)物的減少。故選B。7．Whatcanbethefinalresultofonespecies’populationdrop?A．Thefarmlandbecomespoorer.B．Theweatherchangesunexpectedly.C．Thewholeecosystemfunctionspoorly.D．Thefishinggroundiscompletelypolluted.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的第二句可知，一個(gè)物種數(shù)量的減少最終會(huì)影響到整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)能力。故選C。8．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Towarnhumansoftheirextremebehaviour.B．Toraisefundsforresearchonclimatechange.C．Toshowthedifficultyofprotectingecosystem.D．Tocallonpeopletotakeactionstoprotectwildlife.答案D解析寫作意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容以及全文可推知，作者寫作的目的是呼吁人們采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物。故選D。C(2023·浙江嘉興高一期末)Ifyou’veeverwatchedadogsleep，you’veprobablywonderedifanimalsdream.It’sadifficultquestion.Westilldon’tknowexactlywhyhumansdream，orwhydreamsmightbeimportant.Studyinganimaldreamsisevenharder.Animaldreamsmightbeveryinteresting.“Ithinkdreaminggivesusawaytorelatemanyhumancognitiveabilitiestoanimals，suchasemotion，memory，andevenimagination，”saysDavidM．Pena-Guzmán，whorecentlyauthoredWhenAnimalsDream:TheHiddenWorldofAnimalConsciousness.Weknowmonkeyshaveemotions，butconsiderspiders，whicharecentstudysuggestsmayexperienceREM-likesleepandevendreams.Thethoughtofspiderdreamssoundsoutlandish，butitmaybetrue.“Wehavethisideaofdreamsbeinganimaginaryprocesswithsomethingcrazyinit，”saysMatthewWilson，aneurobiologistatMIT.“Butwhenwelookintoanimalmodels，we’resimplytryingtounderstandwhatgoesonduringsleepthatmightinfluencelearning，memory，andbehavior.”Catsweresomeofthefirstanimalsstudiedindreamresearch.MichelJouvet，apioneerofsleepstudies，provedthatcatsdreamedinthe1960s.InREMsleep，humanmusclesdon’tmovemuchdespitethebrainactivitythatpowersourdreams.Thebodydoesn’tactoutourdreamsnomatterhowrealtheyseem.Jouvetlearnedthat，incats，apartofthebraincalledtheponsseemedtocontrolREMsleepandproducepartialparalysis.Byremovingpartsofthepons，JouvetfoundwiththeirbrainsdeepinREMsleepthecatsbegantomoveasifawake，hunting，jumpingandfightingagainstunseenthreats.Thisprovidedawindowintowhatwashappeninginthecats’sleepingbrains.“Iwouldn’tbesurprisedifactualdreamswerefoundinanimals，andIthinkfinallywe’llbeabletoshowthatscientifically，”StanfordneurobiologistPhilippeMourrainsays.“We’renottheonlyspeciesabletorememberandlearn.”語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了科學(xué)家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)動(dòng)物也會(huì)做夢(mèng)，且研究動(dòng)物夢(mèng)可以了解動(dòng)物的認(rèn)知能力。9．Whatisthepointofstudyinganimaldreams?A．Toimproveanimals’sleepingquality.B．Tofindascientificwaytoraiseanimals.C．Tolearnaboutanimals’cognitiveabilities.D．Tounderstandtheimportanceofhumans’dreams.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的第二句和最后一段中的“We’renottheonlyspeciesabletorememberandlearn.”可知，研究動(dòng)物夢(mèng)的意義是為了了解動(dòng)物的認(rèn)知能力。故選C。10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outlandish”meaninparagraph3?A．Special. B．Reasonable.C．Meaningful. D．Strange.答案D解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句及其前一句可知，研究表明甚至蜘蛛也會(huì)做夢(mèng)，這聽(tīng)起來(lái)是很奇怪的。故畫線詞意思是“奇怪的”。故選D。11．WhatcanwelearnfromMichelJouvet’sresearchoncats’dreaming?A．Catsdreaminawaydifferentfromhumans.B．TheponsiswhatkeepscatsstillinREMsleep.C．Dreamshaveverylittletodowithcats’behavior.D．Catsaremoreactiveinsleepthanwhenthey’reawake.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中第三、四句可知，腦橋使貓保持快速眼動(dòng)睡眠。故選B。12．WhatdoesPhilippeMourrainthinkofanimaldreams?A．Theywillbeprovedbyfurtherresearch.B．Theyaremoreconfusingthanpeoplethink.C．Thepresentresearchisstillfarfromsatisfactory.D．Thereisalongwaytogobeforethey’reunderstood.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中第一句可知，菲利普·莫瑞恩認(rèn)為動(dòng)物夢(mèng)將在進(jìn)一步的研究中得到證實(shí)。故選A。Ⅱ.七選五(2022·江蘇徐州高一期末)Morningornight?Whicheveroneyouprefer，thereisanameforyou.Earlybirdsormorninglarks，asyoucanguess，aremorningpeople.Theyhavemoreenergyinthemorningandarehappytogreettheday.1Therefore，morninglarkstendtohitthedayearly.Asmostofsocietyrunsondaylighthours，morninglarksareseenasproductivepeople.Asthesayinggoes:“Theearlybirdgetstheworm.”2Thesepeoplehavetheleastenergyinthemorning.Theywouldrathergetafewmorehoursofsleepthanrisewiththesun.Butontheflipside，nightowlscomealiveinthelateeveninghours.Theybecomeenergeticandfindinspirationinthemoonlight.It’snosurprisethattheycanstayupwellintothenight.Whileallbirdsarecreatedequal，somenight