Unit1 Helping those in need【速記清單】-2023-2024學(xué)年八年級英語下冊單元速記•巧練（滬教牛津版）

第頁Unit1HelpingthoseinneedUnit1話題幫助有需要的人單詞1.

raise

[re?z]

v.

籌募

v.

增加；提高2.

permission

[p??m??n]

n.

準許；批準3.

disabled

[d?s?e?bld]

adj.

喪失能力的；有殘疾的4.

teenager

[?ti?ne?d??(r)]

n.

青少年5.

offer

[??f?(r)]

v.

主動提出6.

suffer

[?s?f?(r)]

v.(因疾病等)受苦；受折磨7.

serious

[?s??ri?s]

adj.

嚴重的8.

illness

[??ln?s]

n.(某種)病9.

organize

[???ɡ?na?z]

v.

組織；籌備10.

express

[?k?spres]

v.

表達；表露11.

pain

[pe?n]

n.

痛苦；苦惱12.

lonely

[?l??nli]

adj.

孤獨的；寂寞的13.

friendship

[?frend??p]

n.

友情；友誼14.

difficulty

[?d?f?k?lti]

n.

困難；費勁15.

joy

[d???]

n.

愉快；喜悅16.

peace

[pi?s]

n.

平靜；寧靜17.

hurt

[h??t]

v.(hurt,

hurt)(使)疼痛；受傷18.

courage

[?k?r?d?]

n.

勇氣；勇敢19.

spirits

['sp?r?ts]

n.[pl.]

情緒；心境20.

pay

[pe?]

v.(paid,

paid)付費21.

community

[k??mju?n?ti]

n.

社區(qū)短語1.

inneed

需要幫助的2.

voluntarywork

義務(wù)性工作3.

askpermission

報請批準4.

sufferfrom

因……受苦；受折磨5.

raiseone'sspirits

使振奮；使鼓起勇氣6.

inorderto

目的在于；為了7.

raisemoney

籌錢8.

continuetodosth

繼續(xù)做某事9.

inbadhealth

身體不好10.

ingoodhealth

身體好11.

inhighspirits

情緒高漲12.

lookafter

照顧13.

inone’sfreetime

在某人空閑時間14.

makefriendswithsb

和某人交朋友15.

takepartin

參加16.

insomeway

在某種程度上17.

givesomeadvice

提一些建議18.

givepermissionto

允許19.

millionsof

成千上萬的；無數(shù)的20.

thepurposeof

……的目的句型1.

Could

yougivemeahand?你能幫我一下嗎？2.

The

childrenthereallsufferfromseriousillnesses.那兒的孩子們都受重病折磨。3.

We

organizedapainting

completion

forthem.為他們組織了一場繪畫比賽。4.

There

aremanychildrenwithoutparents.有許多孩子沒有父母。5.

This

helpsthemexpresstheirfeelings.這幫助他們表達自己的感情。6.

We

spenttimewithagirlcalledVivien.我們和一個叫維維安的女孩在一起。7.

They

havedifficultywalkingormoving.他們行動困難。8.

I

taughtthemtosingbecausemusiccanbringthemjoyandpeace.我教他們唱歌，因為音樂可以給他們帶來快樂和平靜。9.

Three

teenagersofferedtodosomevoluntaryworkduringtheschoolholidays.三個青少年主動提出在學(xué)校假期做一些志愿工作。10.

Cindywantedtopaintapictureoftheparknearherhome.辛迪想畫一幅她家附近公園的畫。11.

Do

youknowhowtohelpdisabledchildren?你知道怎樣幫助殘疾兒童嗎？12.

We

wantthemtobehappy.我們希望他們快樂。13.

Mum

mademegotobedearly.媽媽讓我早點睡覺。14.

That

wouldbeverykindofyou.你真是太好了。15.

Thanks

foryourhelp.謝謝你的幫助。16.

Cindyusedabrushtopaintapictureofapark.辛迪用畫筆畫了一幅公園的畫。17.

They

wenttothehospitaltohelpthesickchildren.他們?nèi)メt(yī)院幫助生病的孩子。18.

What

areyougoingtodoonSaturday?你星期六打算干什么？19.

I’mgoingtodosomevoluntarywork.我打算做一些志愿工作。20.

It

alsorentedaroomclosetotheschoolforme.它還為我在學(xué)校附近租了一個房間。21.

Fifteen

studentswouldliketotakedogshomeastheirpets.十五名學(xué)生想把狗帶回家當寵物。語法不定式寫作話題給校長的一封信raisev.養(yǎng)育，飼養(yǎng)提高raiseone’svoice提高聲音籌集raisemoneyfor為…籌錢舉起raiseup舉起raiseone’sspirits使振奮，使鼓起勇氣【經(jīng)典例句】WeneedtohelpchildrenlikeTimandraisetheirspirits.（教材原句）Heraisedcattleinthewestwhenhewasyoung.（真題原句）Tom’sfatherdied,leavinghismothertoraisetwosonsalone.（真題原句）Theywantedtoraisethepriceoftheproduct.（真題原句）Lastweekourschoolhadabigfairinordertoraisemoneyforthedisabled.（真題原句）Youcanraiseupthatbigcase.（真題原句）Thegoodnewsraisedmyspirits.（牛津高階）【辨析】raise和rise都有“上升、升起”的意思，區(qū)別：raise是及物動詞，主語通常為人（raised,raised）rise是不及物動詞，主語通常為物（rose,risen）offerv，主動提出，主動提供offertodosth提供做某事offersthtosb=offersbsth為某人提供某物【經(jīng)典例句】Threeteenagersofferedtodosomevoluntaryworkduringtheschooldays.（教材原句）Thatcompanyofferedmeajobinanothercity.（真題原句）WeofferedtohelphimwithhisEnglish.（真題原句）Heofferedtohelpme.（真題原句）sufferv.遭受，受苦sufferfrom遭受【經(jīng)典例句】Thechildrenthereallsufferfromseriousillnesses.（教材原句）Someofthechildrensufferfromseriousillness.（真題原句）Iamsufferingfromaheadache.（真題原句）seriousadj，嚴肅的，嚴重的【經(jīng)典例句】Thechildrenthereallsufferfromseriousillnesses.（教材原句）It’snothingserious.She’sjusttired.（真題原句）Hisillnesswasmoreseriousthanthedoctorfirstthought.（真題原句）expressv.表達【經(jīng)典例句】Thishelpsthemexpresstheirfeelings.（教材原句）CanyouexpressyourselfinEnglish?（真題原句）painn.痛苦，疼痛【經(jīng)典例句】Idon’tknowhowtodealwiththiskindofpain.（真題原句）Myfriendsdon’tunderstandmypain.（教材原句）【習(xí)題】lonelyadj孤獨的【經(jīng)典例句】Herparentsdiedinacaraccident,andsheisunhappyandverylonely.（教材原句）Ifyoufeellonelyinthenewschool,youcantrytomakesomenewfriends.（真題原句）IliveallalonebutIneverfeellonely.（真題原句）【辨析】lonely:情感上的“孤獨”，只作形容詞alone：空間上的“一個人，單獨”，既可作形容詞，又可作副詞difficultyn困難havedifficultyindoingsth做有困難【經(jīng)典例句】Theyhavedifficultywalkingormoving.（教材原句）Icanworkoutthismathproblemwithoutdifficulty.（真題原句）Ihadnodifficultyingettingintouchwithhim.（真題原句）peacen和平，平靜inpeace和平地；安靜；寧靜 【經(jīng)典例句】Itaughtthemtosingbecausemusiccanbringthemjoyandpeace.（教材原句）Warstartedagainaftereightyearsofpeace.（真題原句）Allthevillagerslivetogetherinpeace.（真題原句）hurtv傷害，使疼痛hurtoneself某人自己受傷gethurt受傷【經(jīng)典例句】Hehurthislegsinanaccident,buthehaslotsofcourage.（教材原句）Thelittledogwashurtinanaccident.（真題原句）Hisleftarmwashurtinanaccident.（真題原句）couragen勇氣【經(jīng)典例句】Hehurthislegsinanaccident,buthehaslotsofcourage.（教材原句）Heshowedgreatcourageanddetermination.（真題原句）Hefacedthedifficultywithcourage.（真題原句）payv支付payforsth=spendonsth為付錢【經(jīng)典例句】Ihadtopay50yuanforthatT-shirt.（真題原句）Canyouimaginehowmuchhepaidforthatcar?（真題原句）◆動詞不定式動詞不定式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：to+do(動詞原形)，否定式為：nottodo。本單元我們主要學(xué)習(xí)動詞不定式作賓語、賓語補足語和目的狀語的用法。1.作賓語：(1)我們將todo(動詞不定式)放在動詞(如choose,hope,offer,want,decide,learn,plan,wish,agree,dare,expect,fail,help,manage,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse等)后面作賓語。 Threeteenagersofferedtodosomevoluntarywork. 三位青少年主動提出做一些義務(wù)性工作。 Cindywantedtopaintapictureofthepark. 辛迪想要畫一張公園的畫。(2)我們也可以用“疑問詞(如what,how,where,when,who等)+todo”放在動詞(如decide,know,learn,remember等)后面作賓語。 Doyouknowhowtohelpdisabledchildren?你知道怎么幫助殘疾兒童嗎？ Herememberedwhattodo.他記得要做什么。2.作賓語補足語：(1)我們將todo放在“動詞+賓語”后面作賓語補足語：v.+objects(賓語)+todo(賓補)。常見的此類動詞有ask,advise,allow,encourage,force,get,help,invite,order,permit,require,teach,tell,want,warn,wish等。 AnnietaughtTimtosingbeautifulsongs.安妮教蒂姆唱好聽的歌曲。 Wewantthemtobehappy.我們想要他們開心。(2)在使役動詞和感官動詞后面需要省略to，常見的此類動詞可用口訣“一感二聽三讓五看半幫助”來歸納，即：一感——feel；二聽——hear/listento；三讓——make/have/let；五看——see/watch/lookat/notice/observe；半幫助——help(to可以省略，也可以不省略)。Mummadehimgotobedearly.媽媽讓他早點睡覺。Theylethimdoitalone.他們讓他一個人做這件事。3.作目的狀語：(1)我們可以用todo來表目的，通常在譯成中文時可用“為了”來表示。(2)不定式用作目的狀語有兩個可能的位置，一是在句首，二是在句末。一般說來，用于句首屬于強調(diào)性用法，即強調(diào)動詞的目的。有時為了特別強調(diào)目的狀語，可以在不定式之前加上inorder或soas，即構(gòu)成inordertodosth.和soastodosth.結(jié)構(gòu)。Thegovernmentsetupaworkingpartytolookintotheproblem.=Tolookintotheproblem,thegovernmentsetupaworkingparty.為了調(diào)查那個問題，政府成立了一個工作組。Manyfarmersfertilizetheircropsinordertomakethemgrowmorequickly.許多農(nóng)民給莊稼施肥，為的是讓莊稼長得更快些。I‘llwritedownhistelephonenumbersoasnottoforgetit