外刊改編語(yǔ)法填空題Day+83-Day+84- 高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)

原創(chuàng)外刊改編語(yǔ)法填空題打卡Day83ThatTip-of-the-TongueFeelingMayBeanIllusionFrom:ScientificAmerican Sometimesyouknowthere'sjusttherightwordforsomething,butyourbraincan'tfindit.Thatfrustratingfeelingiscalledthetip-of-the-tongue(TOT)state—andfordecadespsychologistsassumeditwascausedbya

partial

recollection

oftheanswer.___________newresearchsuggeststhisexperiencemaybelargelyanillusion.___________(be)sureyouknowsomethingdoesn'tmeanyouactuallydo.InaseriesofexperimentspublishedintheJournalofExperimentalPsychology:General,collegestudentsattemptedtoanswer80generalknowledgequestionswithone-wordanswers.Iftheydidn'tprovideacorrectanswer,theywereasked___________theyfeltliketheanswerwas___________thetipoftheirtongueandtoprovidepartialinformationsuchasitsfirstletter,itsnumberof

syllables,orwhatitsoundedlike.TheteamfoundthatpeopleinaTOTstateweremorelikelytovolunteerpartialinformation—doingsofivetimesasofteninoneexperiment.Butthatinformationtendedtobewrong.GuessesatsoundsandsyllablecountswerenomorelikelytoberightinaTOTstate___________otherwise.Averagedacrossseveralexperiments,first-letterguesseswereonlyslightlymorelikelytomatchthecorrectanswer(___________(rough)11versus8percent).Yetparticipantssaidtheythoughttheirguesswascorrect58percentofthetimewhileinTOTstatesversus7percentotherwise.PreviousresearchhasshownthatTOTstatesarenotcompletelyillusory—peoplebetterrecognizecorrectmultiple-choiceanswersfollowingsuchstates(55versus42percent)—butthisworkjoins

burgeoning

researchindicatingthatwecan'tfullytrustthem.

TheevidencesuggeststhatinsteadofpartialrecollectionleadingtoaTOTstate,___________reverseprocessmaybetakingplace:somethingtriggersthefeeling,___________thenmotivatespeopletosearchtheirmemoriesandto

retrieve

partial(andusuallyincorrect)information.ClearyrelatesTOTtoasimilarstate:déjàvu,whichisespeciallycommoninpeoplewithcertainneurologicaldisorderssuchas

epilepsy.Inbothcases,a

compelling

feelingof___________(familiar)occurs,andwetrytomakesenseofitbytellingourselveswemust___________(see)orlearnedsomethingbefore.

Confabulation,shesays,ismorecommonthanwerealize.ThatTip-of-the-TongueFeelingMayBeanIllusionFrom:ScientificAmerican Sometimesyouknowthere'sjusttherightwordforsomething,butyourbraincan'tfindit.Thatfrustratingfeelingiscalledthetip-of-the-tongue(TOT)state—andfordecadespsychologistsassumeditwascausedbya

partial

recollection

oftheanswer.Butnewresearchsuggeststhisexperiencemaybelargelyanillusion.Being(be)sureyouknowsomethingdoesn'tmeanyouactuallydo.InaseriesofexperimentspublishedintheJournalofExperimentalPsychology:General,collegestudentsattemptedtoanswer80generalknowledgequestionswithone-wordanswers.Iftheydidn'tprovideacorrectanswer,theywereaskedif/whethertheyfeltliketheanswerwasonthetipoftheirtongueandtoprovidepartialinformationsuchasitsfirstletter,itsnumberof

syllables,orwhatitsoundedlike.TheteamfoundthatpeopleinaTOTstateweremorelikelytovolunteerpartialinformation—doingsofivetimesasofteninoneexperiment.Butthatinformationtendedtobewrong.GuessesatsoundsandsyllablecountswerenomorelikelytoberightinaTOTstatethanotherwise.Averagedacrossseveralexperiments,first-letterguesseswereonlyslightlymorelikelytomatchthecorrectanswer(roughly(rough)11versus8percent).Yetparticipantssaidtheythoughttheirguesswascorrect58percentofthetimewhileinTOTstatesversus7percentotherwise.PreviousresearchhasshownthatTOTstatesarenotcompletelyillusory—peoplebetterrecognizecorrectmultiple-choiceanswersfollowingsuchstates(55versus42percent)—butthisworkjoins

burgeoning

researchindicatingthatwecan'tfullytrustthem.

TheevidencesuggeststhatinsteadofpartialrecollectionleadingtoaTOTstate,areverseprocessmaybetakingplace:somethingtriggersthefeeling,whichthenmotivatespeopletosearchtheirmemoriesandto

retrieve

partial(andusuallyincorrect)information.ClearyrelatesTOTtoasimilarstate:déjàvu,whichisespeciallycommoninpeoplewithcertainneurologicaldisorderssuchas

epilepsy.Inbothcases,a

compelling

feelingoffamilarity(familiar)occurs,andwetrytomakesenseofitbytellingourselveswemusthaveseen(see)orlearnedsomethingbefore.

Confabulation,shesays,ismorecommonthanwerealize.舌尖現(xiàn)象很有可能是一種錯(cuò)覺(jué)有時(shí)你知道有一個(gè)合適的詞可以形容某件事，但你的大腦就是找不到這個(gè)詞。這種令人沮喪的感覺(jué)被稱為舌尖現(xiàn)象，心理學(xué)家?guī)资陙?lái)都一直認(rèn)為這是由只能回憶起來(lái)部分答案導(dǎo)致的。但新的研究表明，這種感覺(jué)可能很大程度上是一種錯(cuò)覺(jué)。你確信自己知道某些事不代表你真的知道。發(fā)表在《實(shí)驗(yàn)心理學(xué)雜志：常識(shí)》上的一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)中，大學(xué)生們?cè)噲D用一個(gè)詞來(lái)回答80個(gè)常識(shí)性問(wèn)題。如果他們沒(méi)有給出正確的答案，研究人員會(huì)問(wèn)他們是否覺(jué)得答案就在嘴邊了，并要求他們提供部分信息，比如答案的第一個(gè)字母、音節(jié)數(shù)或發(fā)音。研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，出現(xiàn)舌尖現(xiàn)象的人更有可能主動(dòng)提供部分信息——同一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，他們出現(xiàn)這種做法的頻率是其他人的五倍。但這些信息往往是錯(cuò)誤的。在出現(xiàn)舌尖現(xiàn)象時(shí)，對(duì)聲音和音節(jié)數(shù)的猜測(cè)，正確率并不比沒(méi)有這種感覺(jué)的高。幾次實(shí)驗(yàn)平均來(lái)看，首字母猜對(duì)正確答案的可能性只比沒(méi)有這種感覺(jué)的稍微高一些（大約11%對(duì)8%）。然而，參與者表示，在出現(xiàn)舌尖現(xiàn)象的情況時(shí)，他們認(rèn)為自己的猜測(cè)正確率為58%，而沒(méi)有這種現(xiàn)象時(shí)，這一比例為7%。此前有研究表明，舌尖現(xiàn)象并非完全是一種幻覺(jué)——人們?cè)谶@種狀態(tài)下能更好地識(shí)別正確的選擇題的答案（55%對(duì)42%），但是這項(xiàng)研究加入了新興的研究后表明，我們無(wú)法完全相信此前的研究結(jié)果。有證據(jù)表明，回憶起部分答案并不會(huì)導(dǎo)致舌尖現(xiàn)象，實(shí)際情況可能正相反：某些事觸發(fā)了這種感覺(jué)，促使人們搜索他們的記憶，檢索部分（往往是不正確的）信息?？死锇焉嗉猬F(xiàn)象與另一種類(lèi)似的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比：似曾相識(shí)（法語(yǔ)），這在患有某些神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾?。ㄈ绨d癇）的人群中尤其常見(jiàn)。這兩種情況下，都會(huì)產(chǎn)生一種強(qiáng)烈的熟悉感，我們會(huì)試圖通過(guò)告訴自己以前一定見(jiàn)過(guò)或?qū)W過(guò)這些東西的方式來(lái)理解它。她說(shuō)，虛談癥比我們想的更普遍。生詞積累partialadj.部分的，不完全的;偏袒的，不公平的;偏愛(ài)的

recollectionn.記憶力，回憶;回憶起的事物(或景象)，往事frustratingadj.令人懊惱的，令人沮喪的syllablen.音節(jié);只言片語(yǔ);表示音節(jié)的符號(hào)illusionn.錯(cuò)覺(jué)，幻覺(jué)；幻想，錯(cuò)誤的觀念burgeonvi.萌芽,發(fā)芽；迅速增長(zhǎng)n.芽,嫩枝retrievev.找回，收回;檢索(儲(chǔ)存于計(jì)算機(jī)的信息);compellingadj.令人信服的，有說(shuō)服力的;引人入勝的，扣人心弦的;非常強(qiáng)烈的，不可抗拒的confabulationn.交談；閑談原創(chuàng)外刊改編語(yǔ)法填空題打卡Day84ToastattheWelcomingBanquetoftheOpeningCeremonyoftheChengduFISUWorldUniversityGamesItisagreatpleasuretojoinyouinChengduforthe31stWorldUniversityGamesintheblossomingsummer._____1_____behalfoftheChinesegovernmentandpeople,andinthenameofmywifeandmyself,Iwouldliketoextendaverywarmwelcometoallour____2______(distinguish)guests!TheChengduFISUWorldUniversityGameswillofficiallyopentonight.Chinahascommitteditselftoorganizingastreamlined,safeandsplendidgames.InspiteofCOVID-19andotheradversefactors,wehaveacted_____3_____(vigor)tofulfilloursolemnpledgeforasuccessfulWorldUniversityGamesandtomakenewcontributionstothecauseofinternationalyouthsports.Sinceitsinception,theWorldUniversityGameshasalwaysbeenacelebrationofyouth,solidarity,andfriendship.

Weshouldbringtogetheryoungpeoplefromaroundtheworldtopromoteworldpeaceanddevelopmentwiththepowerofyouth.

Whilethekeytostate-to-staterelationsliesinclosebondsbetweenpeoples,effortstothisendmuststartfromtheyouth.Theyoungergenerationmotivatedbyidealsandresponsibilitiesarethefutureofmankindaswellasthehopeoftheloftypursuitofpeaceanddevelopment.ChinawillworkwithFISUandallparticipatingdelegationstomaketheChengduGamesagrandsportsevent_____4_____willpresentthecharmsofChina,thevibeofourtimesandthebeautyofyouth,andfacilitatemutualunderstandingamongyoungpeoplefromaroundtheworld,soastoprovidenewimpetusfortheprogressofmankind.WeshouldcarryforwardthespiritoftheWorldUniversityGamestostanduptoglobalchallengesinsolidarity.

Sixty-twoyearsago,Dr.PaulSchleimer,foundingpresidentofFISU,describedtheWorldUniversityGamesasagatheringoffriendship.Thischaracterization,togetherwiththevaluesoffriendship,fraternity,fairplay,_____5_____(perseverant),integrity,cooperationandapplicationchampionedbyFISU,hasnotonlyguidedthesportsactivitiesofuniversitystudentsaroundtheworld,_____6_____inspiredustonavigatethechangesoftheworld,ofourtimesandofthecourseofhistory.Weshouldpromotesolidaritythroughsports,builduppositiveenergyacrosstheinternationalcommunity,joinhands______7____(tackle)globalchallengessuchasclimatechange,foodcrisisandterrorism,andshapeabetterfuturethroughcooperation.Weshoulddeepenexchangesandmutuallearningtopromoteharmonywithoutuniformityinthespiritofinclusiveness.

Civilizationstakedifferentforms,makingtheworldcolorfulanddiverse.Youngpeoplearefullofvitality.Theycanandshouldbeabletoviewdiversityfrom_____8_____equal,inclusiveandfriendlyperspective,andseedifferentcultureswithanattitudeofmutualappreciationandmutuallearning.TheChengduGamesshouldbeanopportunityforustochampionthecommonvaluesofhumanityandwriteanewchapterinbuildingacommunitywithasharedfutureformankind.Inancienttimes,themetropolisofChengdu,knownasYi,wasfamousforitsmagnificentlandscapeandrichculture.Thishistoricalandculturalcityhaslongbeenahubofexchanges______9____(connect)Chinatotherestoftheworld,likeapearlonthesouthwesternSilkRoad.Today,ChengduisoneofthemostdynamicandhappiestcitiesinChina.Thankstoitsinclusiveness,thecityhascontinuedtoprospereconomicallyandthriveculturallysinceit_____10_____(found)over2,300yearsago.Iencourageyoutotourthecity,toexperienceandsharefirsthandthemultifacetedmanifestationsoftheChinesepathtomodernization.ToastattheWelcomingBanquetoftheOpeningCeremonyoftheChengduFISUWorldUniversityGamesItisagreatpleasuretojoinyouinChengduforthe31stWorldUniversityGamesintheblossomingsummer.OnbehalfoftheChinesegovernmentandpeople,andinthenameofmywifeandmyself,Iwouldliketoextendaverywarmwelcometoallourdistinguished(distinguish)guests!TheChengduFISUWorldUniversityGameswillofficiallyopentonight.Chinahascommitteditselftoorganizingastreamlined,safeandsplendidgames.InspiteofCOVID-19andotheradversefactors,wehaveactedvigorously(vigor)tofulfilloursolemnpledgeforasuccessfulWorldUniversityGamesandtomakenewcontributionstothecauseofinternationalyouthsports.Sinceitsinception,theWorldUniversityGameshasalwaysbeenacelebrationofyouth,solidarity,andfriendship.

Weshouldbringtogetheryoungpeoplefromaroundtheworldtopromoteworldpeaceanddevelopmentwiththepowerofyouth.

Whilethekeytostate-to-staterelationsliesinclosebondsbetweenpeoples,effortstothisendmuststartfromtheyouth.Theyoungergenerationmotivatedbyidealsandresponsibilitiesarethefutureofmankindaswellasthehopeoftheloftypursuitofpeaceanddevelopment.ChinawillworkwithFISUandallparticipatingdelegationstomaketheChengduGamesagrandsportseventwhich/thatwillpresentthecharmsofChina,thevibeofourtimesandthebeautyofyouth,andfacilitatemutualunderstandingamongyoungpeoplefromaroundtheworld,soastoprovidenewimpetusfortheprogressofmankind.WeshouldcarryforwardthespiritoftheWorldUniversityGamestostanduptoglobalchallengesinsolidarity.

Sixty-twoyearsago,Dr.PaulSchleimer,foundingpresidentofFISU,describedtheWorldUniversityGamesasagatheringoffriendship.Thischaracterization,togetherwiththevaluesoffriendship,fraternity,fairplay,perseverance(perseverant),integrity,cooperationandapplicationchampionedbyFISU,hasnotonlyguidedthesportsactivitiesofuniversitystudentsaroundtheworld,butinspiredustonavigatethechangesoftheworld,ofourtimesandofthecourseofhistory.Weshouldpromotesolidaritythroughsports,builduppositiveenergyacrosstheinternationalcommunity,joinhandstotackle(tackle)globalchallengessuchasclimatechange,foodcrisisandterrorism,andshapeabetterfuturethroughcooperation.Weshoulddeepenexchangesandmutuallearningtopromoteharmonywithoutuniformityinthespiritofinclusiveness.

Civilizationstakedifferentforms,makingtheworldcolorfulanddiverse.Youngpeoplearefullofvitality.Theycanandshouldbeabletoviewdiversityfromanequal,inclusiveandfriendlyperspective,andseedifferentcultureswithanattitudeofmutualappreciationandmutuallearning.TheChengduGamesshouldbeanopportunityforustochampionthecommonvaluesofhumanityandwriteanewchapterinbuildingacommunitywithasharedfutureformankind.Inancienttimes,themetropolisofChengdu,knownasYi,wasfamousforitsmagnificentlandscapeandrichculture.Thishistoricalandculturalcityhaslongbeenahubofexchangesconnecting(connect)Chinatotherestoftheworld,likeapearlonthesouthwesternSilkRoad.Today,ChengduisoneofthemostdynamicandhappiestcitiesinChina.Thankstoitsinclusiveness,thecityhascontinuedtoprospereconomicallyandthriveculturallysinceitwasfo