山東省濟(jì)寧市鄒城市北大新世紀(jì)高級(jí)中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開(kāi)考試學(xué)英語(yǔ)試題含解析

山東省濟(jì)寧市鄒城市北大新世紀(jì)高級(jí)中學(xué)20242025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開(kāi)考試學(xué)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.What’stheweatherliketoday?A.Rainy.B.Windy.C.Sunny.2.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Tellthemanheraddress.B.Takethepackagewithher.C.Deliverherpackagebyherself.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Afantasticphoto.B.Anewfurniturestore.C.Theman’shome.4Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Bossandsecretary.5.Whydidthemangotoseeadoctor?A.Oneofhiseyeshurt.B.Hisglassesnolongerworked.C.Hecouldonlyseethingsupclose.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Aputermuseum.B.Advancesinputertechnology.C.Alibrarywithexamplesofoldtechnology.7.WhatisthePowerBook100?A.Amachinefrom1976.B.Anoriginalportableputer.C.Aputerworth$900,000.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howdidthespeakersarrive?A.Onfoot.B.Bytaxi.C.Bycar.9.Whatarethespeakersprobablygoingtowatch?A.Acarrace.B.Atennisgame.C.Asoccermatch.10.Whydidthespeakersarriveearlier?A.TofindPeter.B.Togetagoodplace.C.Tomeettheplayers.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whowillbeonthefaceofthe$20bill?A.AndrewJackson.B.HarrietTubman.C.AlicePaul.12.WhatdidSusanB.Anthonydo?AShesavedmanyslaves.B.Shehelpedpassanewlaw.C.Sheproposedwomengetthevote.13.Whyarethespeakersexcited?A.The19thAmendmentwasjustpassed.B.WomenwillbefeaturedonU.S.money.C.AlexanderHamiltonwon’tbeonthe$10bill.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whoisthemantalkingto?A.Hismother.B.Hissister.C.Hisclassmate.15.Whydoesthemansticktotravelingbytrain?A.Itismuchcheaper.B.Itismorefortable.C.Itismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Contacttheticketoffice.B.Returnaticket.C.Catchatrain.17.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Onthephone.C.Onauniversitycampus.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.HowdoesanAmericangetalearner’spermit?A.Byhavingclasses.B.Bytakingaroadtest.C.Bypassingawrittentest.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttakingclassesatadrivingschool?A.Itisamust.B.Youmayskipit.C.Thecostishigh.20.Whatdoesthespeakertalkaboutintheend?A.Trafficrules.B.Vehicletypes.C.Drivingskills.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWanttoknowalltheinsandoutsregardingtheParis2024Olympics?Thenyou’veetotherightplace!BelowyouwillfindalltheinformationaboutthenewOlympicsports.OlympicskateboardingWhowillfollowinthefootstepsofMomijiNishiya,thefirstOlympicskateboardingchampion,whowascrownedatthelastGamesattheageof13?TheanswerwillberevealedinParisthissummer.Speed,technique,masteryoftheboardwillberequiredtosuccessfullyperformthemostbeautifultricks.OlympicsportsclimbingWithitssecondtimeenteringtheOlympics,sportsclimbinghasthreebranches:Speed,Bouldering(抱石攀巖)andLead.Speedisallaboutthespeedofclimbing.BoulderingisallaboutclimbingaboulderonawallandLeadrequiresathletestoclimbadifficultroute20metershigh.OlympicsurfingTheOlympicswillbeheldinParis,butwhataboutOlympicsurfing?Thereisonevenue(場(chǎng)地)thatisliterallyontheothersideoftheworld.ThelocationTeahupoo,ontheislandofTahiti,iswhereOlympicsurfingwilltakeplace.ThisislandispartofFrenchPolynesia,betweenAustraliaandSouthAmerica.OlympicbreakdancingBreakdancingisthenewOlympicsportthatwillmakeitsfirstappearanceinParis2024.Howtoestablishagradingsystemwithouttakingawaytheartisticfreedomatthesametime?Thepointsshouldbebasedoncreativityandmusicality,agrayareathatdependsalotonfeelingandthushasalotofsubjectivitytoit.Lookingforahandylistofallsports?Clickhere!ThroughoutParisthereareallkindsofstadiumsandarenas(競(jìng)技場(chǎng))wheresportingeventsareheld.NotonlyParisitself,butalsothesurroundingsuburbsofthecapitalofFrancesetthestagefortheOlympicGames!1.WhichsportisenteringtheOlympicsforthefirsttimeinParis2024?A.Olympicskateboarding. B.Olympicsportsclimbing.C.Olympicsurfing. D.Olympicbreakdancing.2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?A.Olympicskateboardingrequiresahighlevelofphysicalstrength.B.ThreebranchesofOlympicsportsclimbingevaluatevarioussidesofskills.C.AlltheabovefourOlympiceventswillbeheldinParis.D.ThescoringofOlympicbreakdancingishighlyobjective.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Asportswebsite. B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Atravelbrochure. D.AnOlympicnewsreport.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文體裁為應(yīng)用文。文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰地介紹了2024年巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)中新增的幾個(gè)體育項(xiàng)目，包括奧運(yùn)滑板、攀巖、沖浪和霹靂舞，提供了每個(gè)項(xiàng)目的基本規(guī)則、特點(diǎn)及注意事項(xiàng)等信息，旨在為讀者提供關(guān)于巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)的新項(xiàng)目概況。1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Olympicbreakdancing部分中“BreakdancingisthenewOlympicsportthatwillmakeitsfirstappearanceinParis2024(霹靂舞是新的奧運(yùn)項(xiàng)目，將在2024年巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)上首次亮相。)”可知，奧運(yùn)霹靂舞將在2024年巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)上首次亮相。故選D。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Olympicsportsclimbing部分“WithitssecondtimeenteringtheOlympics,sportsclimbinghasthreebranches:Speed,Bouldering(抱石攀巖)andLead.Speedisallaboutthespeedofclimbing.BoulderingisallaboutclimbingaboulderonawallandLeadrequiresathletestoclimbadifficultroute20metershigh.(第二次進(jìn)入奧運(yùn)會(huì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)攀巖有三個(gè)分支：速度攀巖、抱石攀巖和難度攀巖。速度與攀巖的速度有關(guān)。抱石就是在墻上爬一塊巨石，而難度攀巖則要求運(yùn)動(dòng)員爬一條20米高的高難度路線。)”可知，攀巖運(yùn)動(dòng)有三個(gè)項(xiàng)目：速度攀巖、抱石攀巖和難度攀巖，分別評(píng)估了攀巖速度、技巧和難度等多方面的技能。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“WanttoknowalltheinsandoutsregardingtheParis2024Olympics?Thenyou’veetotherightplace!BelowyouwillfindalltheinformationaboutthenewOlympicsports.(想知道關(guān)于2024年巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)的所有細(xì)節(jié)嗎？那你來(lái)對(duì)地方了！下面你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)所有關(guān)于新奧運(yùn)項(xiàng)目的信息。)”可知，該文主要介紹了2024年巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)中的新項(xiàng)目，包括滑板、攀巖、沖浪和霹靂舞等，提供了這些項(xiàng)目的具體信息。這顯然是與體育賽事相關(guān)的介紹，因此最有可能來(lái)源于一個(gè)體育網(wǎng)站。故選A。BHale,presidentofGraniteTelemunications,wasonstageduringThursday’srainygraduationceremonytoacceptthemedalforhissupportfortheuniversity.Inhisbriefspeech,hepraisedstudentsfortheirhardwork,and,drawingfromhisownearlyexperiences,encouragedthemnottoletfailuredefeatthem.Later,justastheheadmasterwasabouttostartawardingdegreestograduates,Halegentlypushedhimaside,sayinghewantedtocelebratethegraduatesbygivingthem$1,000each.Studentsappearedfromundertheirumbrellas,eruptinginloudcheersandapplause(掌聲).ItwentonfornearlyaminutebeforeHalecouldcutbackin.“Listen,there’sarule,”hesaid.“Thefirst$500isourgifttoyou.Thesecond$500isforyoutodocharity,givingtosomebodyelseinneedoranotherorganizationwhocoulduseitmorethanyou.”Ashespoke,twobigbagswerecarriedonstage.Theywerefilledwith3,000envelopes,whichhesaidweredecoratedbystudentsattwolocalelementaryschools,andmarkedeither“gift”or“give”.Itwastimeforstudentstowalkacrossthestage.Oneatatime,wearing,raincoatsandbigsmiles,theyacceptedtheirdiplomas(文憑)andtheirpairofenvelopes.“Thesearekidswhoareworkingtheirtailsofftobethere,”herecalled.“Theycouldcertainlyusethegift.”The57yearoldmanputmuchofhiswealth—over$270million—towardcharitablecauses,includingcancerresearchandeducationalinstitutions.“SomeofthemostjoyoustimeshavebeenwhenI’vehadthechancetoshare,”Haleexplained.“Ifthere’sawaythatIcouldcreatethatseedwithinanothergenerationwheretheywouldgettoexperiencethejoyofgiving,thenmaybethatbeessomethingthattheywouldmakeanefforttodoandbeaccustomedtodoingandmakeusallalittlebitbetteralongtheway.”Hehaslearnedthatoneofthisyear’sgraduatesgavehermoneytoalocalcharitythatprovidesholidaygiftsforpoorchildren.Sheherselfhadbeenareceiveryearsago.4.HowdidthestudentsfeeluponhearingwhatHalesaidinParagraph1?A.Calm. B.Overjoyed. C.Embarrassed. D.Curious.5.Howcouldthestudentsdealwiththemoneymarked“give”accordingtotherule?A.Useittotravelwithfriends. B.Spenditonlearningmaterials.C.Payitforgiftsfortheirteachers. D.Donateitformeaningfulpurposes.6.WhatdidHalemeanwhenmentioningstudentscouldusethegift?A.Theyhadgoodlucktobethere. B.Theyneedn’tworkhardanymore.C.Theyweregoodenoughforthegift. D.Theyweretooyoungtousethegift.7.WhatisthesignificanceofHale’spractice?A.Payingkindnessforward. B.Promotingteachingeffectiveness.C.Drivingtheworldforwardsignificantly. D.Strengtheninginterpersonalconnections.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章描述了GraniteTelemunications公司的總裁Hale在雨天的大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上，為畢業(yè)生們每人贈(zèng)送了1000美元，并鼓勵(lì)他們將其中一半用于慈善事業(yè)，幫助其他需要的人或組織。他希望通過(guò)這種方式，能夠在年輕一代中種下慈善的種子，讓他們體驗(yàn)給予的快樂(lè)，并努力成為習(xí)慣，使社會(huì)變得更加美好。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Studentsappearedfromundertheirumbrellas,eruptinginloudcheersandapplause(掌聲).ItwentonfornearlyaminutebeforeHalecouldcutbackin.(學(xué)生們從傘下出現(xiàn)，爆發(fā)出巨大的歡呼聲和掌聲。這持續(xù)了將近一分鐘，Hale才切入。)”可推知，學(xué)生們聽(tīng)到Hale的話欣喜若狂。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thesecond$500isforyoutodocharity,givingittosomebodyelseinneedoranotherorganizationwhocoulduseitmorethanyou.(第二筆500美元是給你做慈善的，捐給其他有需要的人或另一個(gè)比你更能使用它的組織)和“Theywerefilledwith3,000envelopes,whichhesaidweredecoratedbystudentsattwolocalelementaryschools,andmarkedeither‘gift’or‘give.’(里邊有3000個(gè)信封，他說(shuō)這些信封由兩所當(dāng)?shù)氐男W(xué)生裝飾，標(biāo)有“gift”和“give”)”可知，學(xué)生可以將標(biāo)有“give”的錢(qián)為了有意義的目的而捐贈(zèng)。故答案為D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“‘Thesearekidswhoareworkingtheirtailsofftobethere,’herecalled.‘Theycouldcertainlyusethegift.’(‘這些都是努力奮斗站在這里的孩子’他回憶說(shuō)。‘他們當(dāng)然可以使用這筆禮物’)可推知，Hale想說(shuō)明學(xué)生們足夠好配得上這筆禮物。故答案為C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifthere’sawaythatIcouldcreatethatseedwithinanothergenerationwheretheywouldgettoexperiencethejoyofgiving,thenmaybethatbeessomethingthattheywouldmakeanefforttodoandbeaccustomedtodoingandmakeusallalittlebitbetteralongtheway.(如果我可以創(chuàng)造一種方式在另一代人心里播種種子，使他們體驗(yàn)給予的快樂(lè)，那么也許那會(huì)變成某種他們會(huì)盡力去做并且習(xí)慣去做的事情，而且讓我們?cè)谇斑M(jìn)的道路上變得更好)”和“Hehaslearnedthatoneofthisyear’sgraduatesgavehermoneytoalocalcharitythatprovidesholidaygiftstopoorchildren.Sheherselfhadbeenareceiveryearsago.(他了解到今年的一位畢業(yè)生將她的錢(qián)捐給當(dāng)?shù)卮壬?，為孩子們提供假期禮物。她自己幾年前就當(dāng)過(guò)接收者)”可推知，Hale做法的意義在于將善舉繼續(xù)傳遞。故答案為A。CIfthecrust(外殼)oftheearthwerenotprettysolid(堅(jiān)固的),itwouldbeshakingaboutandmovingupanddownfrequently.However,thereareplacesintherocksoftheearth’scrustwhereitisn’tstronglyheldtogether—wherefaultsexist.Alongthefaults,onerockmightpushagainstanotherwithgreatforce.Theenergyischangedtovibrationintherocks,sotheybegintoshakeandwehaveanearthquake!ThemostfamousoneinNorthAmericawastheSanFranciscoEarthquakeof1906.Sevenhundredpeoplediedandproperty(財(cái)產(chǎn))damageamountedtoabout$425,000,000.Thegreatestdestructioncamefromthefiresthatfollowedthequake.OneofthemostfamousearthquakesinEuropetookplaceinLisbon,Portugal,in1755.Thecitywasdestroyedandatleastthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.In1908,inCalabriaandSicily,aquakekilledaboutseventyfivethousandpeople.In1915,incentralItaly,hundredsoftownsandvillagesweredamagedandthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.TwogreatearthquakesthatcausedgreatdamageinAsiatookplaceinTokyo,Japan,andinGansuProvinceinChina.TheTokyoquakeof1923killedmorethanonehundredthousandpeopleanddestroyedthecityandthecityofYokohama,too.TheChinesequakein1920coveredmorethanthreehundredsquaremilesandkilledabouttwohundredthousandpeople.8.Theunderlinedword“vibration”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“________”.A.shaking B.force C.energy D.losing9.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderoftheyearswhentheearthquakeshappened?①theSanFranciscoEarthquake②theearthquakeinLisbon,Portugal③theearthquakeinCalabriaandSicily④theearthquakeincentralItaly⑤theearthquakeinGansuProvince⑥theTokyoquakeA.③④⑤⑥②① B.⑤⑥②①③④ C.②①③④⑤⑥ D.①③④②⑤⑥10.Accordingtothepassage,theearthquakethatkilledthemostpeoplehappenedin________.A.Portugal B.Italy C.Japan D.China11.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.theearth’scrustinEuropeisweakerthanthatinotherplacesB.thefiresfollowingtheSanFranciscoEarthquakecausedmoredamagethantheearthquakedidC.therewere75,000peoplekilledintheSanFranciscoearthquakeD.thecityofYokohamawasnotgreatlyinfluencedbytheTokyoquake【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了地震是怎么發(fā)生的，以及國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)生的地震?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“However,thereareplacesintherocksoftheearth’scrustwhereitisn’tstronglyheldtogether—wherefaultsexist.Alongthefaults,onerockmightpushagainstanotherwithgreatforce.Theenergyischangedtovibrationintherocks,sotheybegintoshakeandwehaveanearthquake!(然而，地殼巖石中有一些地方?jīng)]有牢固地結(jié)合在一起——那里存在斷層。沿著斷層，一塊巖石可能會(huì)用力推壓另一塊巖石。能量在巖石中轉(zhuǎn)化為vibration，所以它們開(kāi)始搖晃，我們發(fā)生了地震！)”可知，巖石推壓另一塊巖石，產(chǎn)生的能量會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為震動(dòng)，所以巖石開(kāi)始搖晃，推測(cè)劃線單詞表示“震動(dòng)，顫抖”，與shaking意義相近。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThemostfamousoneinNorthAmericawastheSanFranciscoEarthquakeof1906.(北美最著名的地震是1906年舊金山大地震)”、“OneofthemostfamousearthquakesinEuropetookplaceinLisbon,Portugal,in1755.(1755年，葡萄牙里斯本發(fā)生了歐洲最著名的地震之一)”、“In1908,inCalabriaandSicily,aquakekilledaboutseventyfivethousandpeople.In1915,incentralItaly,hundredsoftownsandvillagesweredamagedandthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.(1908年，在卡拉布里亞和西西里島，一場(chǎng)地震造成約7.5萬(wàn)人死亡。1915年，在意大利中部，數(shù)百個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)和村莊遭到破壞，3萬(wàn)人死亡)”以及第三段“TwogreatearthquakesthatcausedgreatdamageinAsiatookplaceinTokyo,Japan,andinGansuProvinceinChina.TheTokyoquakeof1923killedmorethanonehundredthousandpeopleanddestroyedthecityandthecityofYokohama,too.TheChinesequakein1920coveredmorethanthreehundredsquaremilesandkilledabouttwohundredthousandpeople.(日本東京和中國(guó)甘肅省發(fā)生了兩次在亞洲造成巨大破壞的大地震。1923年的東京地震造成10多萬(wàn)人死亡，并摧毀了這座城市和橫濱市。1920年的中國(guó)地震覆蓋了300多平方英里，造成約20萬(wàn)人死亡)”可知，舊金山地震發(fā)生在1906年，葡萄牙里斯本地震發(fā)生在1755年，卡拉布里亞和西西里島地震發(fā)生在1908年，意大利中部地震發(fā)生在1915年，甘肅地震發(fā)生在1920年，東京地震發(fā)生在1923年，按照地震發(fā)生年份排序?yàn)棰冖佗邰堍茛?。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“OneofthemostfamousearthquakesinEuropetookplaceinLisbon,Portugal,in1755.Thecitywasdestroyedandatleastthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.In1908,inCalabriaandSicily,aquakekilledaboutseventyfivethousandpeople.In1915,incentralItaly,hundredsoftownsandvillagesweredamagedandthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.(1755年，葡萄牙里斯本發(fā)生了歐洲最著名的地震之一。這座城市被摧毀，至少有三萬(wàn)人死亡。1908年，在卡拉布里亞和西西里島，一場(chǎng)地震造成約7.5萬(wàn)人死亡。1915年，在意大利中部，數(shù)百個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)和村莊遭到破壞，3萬(wàn)人死亡)”以及第三段“TwogreatearthquakesthatcausedgreatdamageinAsiatookplaceinTokyo,Japan,andinGansuProvinceinChina.TheTokyoquakeof1923killedmorethanonehundredthousandpeopleanddestroyedthecityandthecityofYokohama,too.TheChinesequakein1920coveredmorethanthreehundredsquaremilesandkilledabouttwohundredthousandpeople.(日本東京和中國(guó)甘肅省發(fā)生了兩次在亞洲造成巨大破壞的大地震。1923年的東京地震造成10多萬(wàn)人死亡，并摧毀了這座城市和橫濱市。1920年的中國(guó)地震覆蓋了300多平方英里，造成約20萬(wàn)人死亡)”可知，造成最多人死亡的地震發(fā)生在中國(guó)甘肅。故選D?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThemostfamousoneinNorthAmericawastheSanFranciscoEarthquakeof1906.Sevenhundredpeoplediedandproperty(財(cái)產(chǎn))damageamountedtoabout$425,000,000.Thegreatestdestructioncamefromthefiresthatfollowedthequake.(北美最著名的地震是1906年舊金山大地震。700人死亡，財(cái)產(chǎn)損失約4.25億美元。地震后的大火造成了最大的破壞)”可知，舊金山地震后的大火造成的損失比地震造成的損失更大。故選B。DBrownmudisfoundoncoastlinesaroundtheUK.Itmightnotlookveryexcitingbutinfactitsupportswildlifethatdoesaveryimportantjob.ScientistsinScotlandhavejustbegunastudyofcoastalmud.Theyaresifting(篩選)throughittofindthecreatureslivingthere,whichcouldprovideanaturalsolutiontoclimatechange.Someofthemudburrowing(泥土穴居)creaturesfeedontinyorganismssuchasalgaeandplankton.Theseorganismsabsorbcarbon.Ifalgaeandplanktonareleftintheseatheyeventuallydie,rot(腐爛)andgiveoutcarbondioxide(CO?)gasintotheatmosphere,whichcontributestoglobalwarming.Instead,manyarepulleddownintotheseabedbymudburrowingcreatures,wherethecarbontheycontainisstored,forhundredsofyears.DrCeriLewisisleadingateamofscientistswhoaremeasuringwhichcreaturesarebestatstoringcarbonintheseabedoffthewestcoastofScotland.“Therearesomefantastic,wonderfulanimalslivinginoceanmud,alldoingtheseimportantjobs,”LewistoldTheTimesnewspaper.Inthearea,thereareatleast200speciesofinvertebrates(animalswithoutbackbones).Thescientists’workincludesscoopingupmudfromtheseabed,siftingittofindtheinvertebrates,andmeasuringhowmuchcarboneachonestores.Lewis’sstudyispartofahugefiveyearprojectcalledtheConvexSeascapeSurvey.Itismeasuringhowmuchcarbonisstoredincoastalareasallaroundtheworld,andhowmuchmorecouldbestoredinthefuture.Lewisadmitsthatmudisn’tthefirstthingpeoplethinkofwhenlookingforsolutionstoclimatechange,but,shesays,“Itcouldn’tbeamoreimportanttimetoworkouthowwecanbestusenature’spowertolockcarbonaway.”12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthemudburrowingcreatures?A.Theycanabsorbcarbon.B.Theygiveoutcarboninthesea.C.Theyhelptolockcarbonaway.D.Theycontributetoglobalwarming.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“scoopingup”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Spooningup. B.Makingup.C.Lookingup. D.Cleaningup.14WhydoesLewiswanttomeasurecarboninhisstudy?A.Tostoremuchmorecarbon.B.Tostudythesecretsofthesea.C.Tosortoutthecreaturesinthesea.D.Toseekanaturalsolutiontoclimatechange.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Greaterimportanceshouldbeattachedtocoastalmud.B.Climatechangedependsontheamountofcarbon.C.Humanbeingsshouldusenaturalpowertobreakdowncarbon.D.Themostimportanttimetomeasurecostalmudisinthefiveyears.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了科學(xué)家在蘇格蘭開(kāi)展了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于沿海泥土的研究，旨在尋找自然解決氣候變化的方法。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，泥土中的穴居生物能夠吸收并儲(chǔ)存碳，這有助于減少溫室氣體排放，對(duì)抗全球變暖?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Someofthemudburrowing(泥土穴居)creaturesfeedontinyorganismssuchasalgaeandplankton.Theseorganismsabsorbcarbon.Ifalgaeandplanktonareleftintheseatheyeventuallydie,rot(腐爛)andgiveoutcarbondioxide(CO?)gasintotheatmosphere,whichcontributestoglobalwarming.Instead,manyarepulleddownintotheseabedbymudburrowingcreatures,wherethecarbontheycontainisstored,forhundredsofyears.(一些泥土穴居生物以微小的生物為食，如藻類(lèi)和浮游生物。這些生物吸收碳。如果藻類(lèi)和浮游生物留在海里，它們最終會(huì)死亡、腐爛并將二氧化碳(CO?)氣體釋放到大氣中，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致全球變暖。相反，許多藻類(lèi)和浮游生物被泥土穴居生物拖入海底，它們所含的碳在那里被儲(chǔ)存起來(lái)，長(zhǎng)達(dá)數(shù)百年。)”可知，許多泥土穴居生物會(huì)將藻類(lèi)和浮游生物拉入海底，其中所含的碳會(huì)被儲(chǔ)存數(shù)百年。因此，這些泥土穴居生物有助于將碳封存起來(lái)。故選C?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“DrCeriLewisisleadingateamofscientistswhoaremeasuringwhichcreaturesarebestatstoringcarbonintheseabedoffthewestcoastofScotland.(CeriLewis博士帶領(lǐng)一組科學(xué)家在蘇格蘭西海岸附近的海域測(cè)量哪些生物最擅長(zhǎng)儲(chǔ)存碳。)”可知，此處指科學(xué)家的工作包括從海底舀起泥巴，篩選出來(lái)以找到無(wú)脊椎動(dòng)物，并測(cè)量每個(gè)無(wú)脊椎動(dòng)物儲(chǔ)存的碳量。因此，“scoopingup”應(yīng)該是指用勺子等工具舀起泥巴，所以答案為A，即“Spooningup”（舀起）。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Lewis’sstudyispartofahugefiveyearprojectcalledtheConvexSeascapeSurvey.Itismeasuringhowmuchcarbonisstoredincoastalareasallaroundtheworld,andhowmuchmorecouldbestoredinthefuture.Lewisadmitsthatmudisn’tthefirstthingpeoplethinkofwhenlookingforsolutionstoclimatechange,but,shesays,“Itcouldn’tbeamoreimportanttimetoworkouthowwecanbestusenature’spowertolockcarbonaway.”(路易斯的研究是一個(gè)名為“凸面海景調(diào)查”（ConvexSeascapeSurvey）的五年大型項(xiàng)目的一部分。該項(xiàng)目正在測(cè)量全球沿海地區(qū)儲(chǔ)存的碳量，以及未來(lái)可能儲(chǔ)存的碳量。路易斯承認(rèn)，在尋找應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的解決方案時(shí)，泥土并不是人們首先想到的東西，但她說(shuō)，“現(xiàn)在正是我們找出如何最好地利用自然的力量來(lái)封存碳的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻?！?”可知，Lewis的研究是凸面海景調(diào)查（ConvexSeascapeSurvey）這一五年大項(xiàng)目的一部分，該項(xiàng)目旨在測(cè)量全球沿海地區(qū)儲(chǔ)存的碳量以及未來(lái)可能儲(chǔ)存的碳量。Lewis說(shuō)，她研究碳是為了找到應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的自然解決方案。因此，她的目的是尋找自然方法來(lái)減少碳的排放和儲(chǔ)存，以對(duì)抗全球變暖。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Lewisadmitsthatmudisn’tthefirstthingpeoplethinkofwhenlookingforsolutionstoclimatechange,but,shesays,“Itcouldn’tbeamoreimportanttimetoworkouthowwecanbestusenature’spowertolockcarbonaway.”(路易斯承認(rèn)，在尋找應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的解決方案時(shí)，泥土并不是人們首先想到的東西，但她說(shuō)，“現(xiàn)在正是我們找出如何最好地利用自然的力量來(lái)封存碳的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻?！?”可知，泥土不是人們首先考慮解決氣候變化問(wèn)題的方案，但現(xiàn)在是更好地利用自然的力量來(lái)封存碳的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻。因此，可以推斷出，我們應(yīng)該更加重視沿海地區(qū)的泥土，因?yàn)樗鼈儗?duì)碳的封存和減少氣候變化的影響非常重要。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Areyouguilty(內(nèi)疚)ofbadputerhabits?Youmightnotevenrealizeit___16___Soyoushouldbreakthefollowingbadputerhabitsforahealthierdigitallife.Snackingatthescreen___17___However,crumbs(碎屑)candamageyourkeyboardandbeeasuitableplaceforbacteria(細(xì)菌)togrow.Touchingyourskinaftertypingonacrumbfilledkeyboardmightaswellharmyourskin.LeavingtheputeronaroundtheclockConvenienceoftengetsthebetterofprotection,butleavingyourPCorlaptoponallthetimecanwearitdownandwasteelectricity.___18___Yourputerandyourenergybillwillthankyou.MarathongamingtimeGamingcanbeanattractivehobby,withhoursflyingbyasyou’readdictedtothescreen.However,overgamingcanleadtophysicalandmentalstress,resultinginpoorsleep,weakenedimmunity(免疫),andevenmentalhealthissues.___19___Afteranhourofgaming,a10minutebreakcandowonders.UsingpublicputerscarelesslySavingpasswordsonyourpersonalputerisacceptable,butdoingthesameonpublicputersisanono.It’sextremelyeasyforsomeonewithtechtoknowhowtogetthosepasswordsandaccessyourpersonalinformation.Beextremelycarefulwhenusingpublicputers.___20___So,intoday’sworld,wheredigitalwellnessisbeingincreasinglyimportant,let’sbreakbadhabitsandhaveahealthier,moremindfulapproachtoourdigitallives.A.RemembertotakearestB.Makeitahabittoshutitdownwhenyou’redonefortheday.C.Whodoesn’tloveeatingsnackswhilelookingthroughtheweb?D.However,somethingsyoudodailycanharmyourtechandyourself.E.Don’tyouknowalittlefortnowcouldleadtoabigheadachelater?F.AlwaysexittheputerandneversavepasswordsonpublicmachinesG.It’sbesttoshutdownyourputercorrectlytoavoidanypossibledamage【答案】16.D17.C18.B19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章討論了四種不良的電腦使用習(xí)慣，包括在電腦前吃零食、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間開(kāi)機(jī)、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間玩游戲以及不當(dāng)?shù)厥褂霉搽娔X，并指出了這些習(xí)慣對(duì)電腦和個(gè)人健康的潛在危害。文章建議為了更健康的數(shù)字生活，我們應(yīng)該打破這些不良習(xí)慣。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Areyouguilty(內(nèi)疚)ofbadputerhabits?Youmightnotevenrealizeit.(你有不良的電腦習(xí)慣嗎？你可能都沒(méi)有意識(shí)到。)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是你有諸多不良的電腦習(xí)慣，但是你本身沒(méi)有意識(shí)到。D選項(xiàng)“However,somethingsyoudodailycanharmyourtechandyourself.(然而，你每天做的一些事情可能會(huì)傷害你的科技和你自己。)”中的something指代前文的“一些不良的電腦習(xí)慣”，這些“不良習(xí)慣”可能傷害你的科技和你自己，該選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段段旨“Snackingatthescreen(對(duì)著屏幕吃零食)”可知，本段介紹的是對(duì)著電腦屏幕吃零食的壞習(xí)慣。C選項(xiàng)“Whodoesn’tloveeatingsnackswhilelookingthroughtheweb?(誰(shuí)不喜歡邊上網(wǎng)邊吃零食呢？)”與段旨呼應(yīng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Convenienceoftengetsthebetterofprotection,butleavingyourPCorlaptoponallthetimecanwearitdownandwasteelectricity.

(方便往往能帶來(lái)更好的保護(hù)，但一直開(kāi)著你的個(gè)人電腦或筆記本電腦會(huì)磨損它，浪費(fèi)電力。)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一直開(kāi)著你的個(gè)人電腦或筆記本電腦會(huì)磨損它，浪費(fèi)電力。B選項(xiàng)“Makeitahabittoshutitdownwhenyou’redonefortheday.(當(dāng)你完成一天的工作時(shí)，養(yǎng)成關(guān)掉電腦的習(xí)慣。)”承接前文，指出針對(duì)一直開(kāi)著電腦的壞習(xí)慣，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成關(guān)電腦的習(xí)慣，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。【19題詳解】根據(jù)前文“

However,overgamingcanleadtophysicalandmentalstress,resultinginpoorsleep,weakenedimmunity(免疫),andevenmentalhealthissues.(然而，過(guò)度游戲會(huì)導(dǎo)致身體和精神壓力，導(dǎo)致睡眠不佳，免疫力下降，甚至精神健康問(wèn)題。)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)度游戲的消極后果。后文應(yīng)該對(duì)此問(wèn)題進(jìn)行解決。A選項(xiàng)“Remembertotakearest(記得要休息)”承接前文，指出過(guò)度的游戲中要適當(dāng)休息，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Beextremelycarefulwhenusingpublicputers.

(使用公共電腦時(shí)要格外小心。)”可知，此處指出使用公共電腦要小心。后文應(yīng)該給出具體建議。F選項(xiàng)“Alwaysexittheputerandneversavepasswordsonpublicmachines(永遠(yuǎn)退出計(jì)算機(jī)，永遠(yuǎn)不要在公共計(jì)算機(jī)上保存密碼)”承接前文，指出在公共計(jì)算機(jī)上不要保存自己的密碼，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Intimesofsadness,afriendwouldalwayssuggestgoingforawalk.“Areyouoverwhelmedbyyourwork?Takeawalkaroundtheneighborhood.”____21____likethisareoftensaidwiththebestofintentions,buttheyusedtomakemeangry.Ididnot____22____howthesethingsweregoingtohelp.Threeyearsago,Ihitalowpoint.OnceIsawapairof____23____eyeslookingatmethroughthemirror,IknewIwasatmybreakingpoint.So,I____24____theadviceIfoughtsohardtoignore.Iwentforawalk—withthe____25____thatitwouldsomehowchangemylife.Butitdidnothing.IwasjustassadasIwasbefore.Iwentonawalkeverydayformorethanamonth.SomedaysIcouldhardlymakeitoutside,butI____26____topushthrough.ItookapictureeverytimeIwentbecauseIwantedto___27___myselftryingtomakeaneffort.Oneday,theunbelievablehappened.Ifoundmyself____28____.IrealizedIhadpatientlywaitedallmorningtogoonthiswalk.WhatI____29____hatedhadbeethebestpartofmyday.Ifoundmyself____30____tobeoutside.Ineverhada____31____inmind.Ijustdancedalongthetrails,stoppedtolookatthebeautifulblueskiesandlistenedtomusic.I’mgladItookpicturesbecausetherewasanoticeable____32____inmyface.Islowlystartedtolooklesstiredanddefeated.Itwasamazingthatsomethingsmallandseeminglymeaninglesscould____33____makeanimpactonmyphysicalandmentalwellbeing.Ifyou’rehavingabadday,abadmonth,abadyearorevenabad____34____,youshouldtrygoingforawalk.Sometimes,allweneedtodois____35____.21.A.Feelings B.Questions C.ments D.Stories22.A.understand B.appreciate C.indicate D.predict23.A.angry B.empty C.attractive D.curious24.A.supplied B.protested C.refused D.followed25.A.doubt B.honor C.policy D.hope26.A.managed B.failed C.expected D.requested27.A.inform B.document C.share D.adapt28.A.shouting B.crying C.smiling D.dreaming29.A.never B.otherwise C.once D.thus30.A.grateful B.hesitant C.scared D.longing31.A.picture B.destination C.problem D.path32.A.difference B.shock C.reaction D.image33.A.actually B.officially C.instantly D.frequently34.A.friend B.family C.plan D.life35.A.dowonders B.keepyourhead C.giveitashot D.takeitforgranted【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.D26.A27.B28.C29.C30.D31.B32.A33.A34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者曾經(jīng)抗拒朋友外出散步的建議，直到三年前作者經(jīng)歷了低谷，開(kāi)始每天外出散步，漸漸發(fā)現(xiàn)這一舉動(dòng)對(duì)自己的身心健康有產(chǎn)生了巨大影響?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：像這樣的評(píng)論通常是出于好意，但它們?cè)?jīng)讓我生氣。A.Feelings感覺(jué)；B.Questions問(wèn)題；C.ments點(diǎn)評(píng)；D.Stories故事。指上文“Intimesofsadness,afrie