福建省福州市2024-2025學年高三上學期第一次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1福建省福州市2024-2025學年高三上學期第一次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanagreetodoafterworktoday?A.Exercise.B.Cookathome.C.Watchamovie.2.Whydoesthemanwanttosleepinahotel?A.It’scooler.B.It’squieter.C.It’ssafer.3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Gotoatailor’sshop.B.Buyauniformonline.C.GotoSunshineUniforms.4.Whereisthesoundcomingfrom?A.Thetelevision.B.Amobilephone.C.Birdsfromoutside.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theweatherforecast.B.Exampreparation.C.Healthcondition.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatwasthemandoingjustnow?A.Cookingameal.B.Playingthepiano.C.Paintingapicture.7.Whydidthewomancomeupthestairs?A.Tocomplainaboutthepiano.B.Tohandleaceilingleakissue.C.Toaskforadviceonpainting.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howdoesthewomanpossiblyknowoftheproject?A.FromTV.B.Fromtheman.C.Fromanewspaper.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthecity?A.Thecity’sbudgetisgenerous.B.Anewurbanparkhasbeenbuilt.C.Anoldrailwaylinemightbereplaced.10.Whatispossiblytheman?A.Ateacher.B.Adirector.C.Anarchitect.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whereisthemannow?A.InIceland.B.InDenmark.C.InNorway.12.Whatistheman’sseatnumber?A.30D.B.31B.C.31D.13.Whatwillthemando?A.Changehisflight.B.Waitattheairport.C.Returntotheairportlater.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday.15.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Oldschoolmates.C.Husbandandwife.16.WhatisAnny’splaceofbirth?A.Wales.B.Scotland.C.England.17.HowwillthespeakersgotoBuchananStreet?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhatdoweknowaboutKantamanto?聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhatdoweknowaboutKantamanto?A.It’sthecapitalofGhana.B.It’sasecondhandmarket.C.It’sthebiggestcityintheworld.19.HowmanydonatedclothesgotowasteeveryweekinKantamanto?A.About8million.B.About20million.C.About40million.20.WhataretheeffectsofclothingwasteonfishinginAccra?A.Fishoftenmistakepartsofoldclothesforfood.B.Seabirdsoftengetcaughtintheoldclothes.C.Fishingnetsoftencatcholdclothes.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAgoodartistwebsiteshouldshowcaseyourart.Thinkofhowartgalleriesaredesigned—theyarefunctionalandsimplewithplentyofwhitespaceonwalls.Theydothistogetoutofthewayandshowcasetheart.Peopledidn’tcometoyourwebsitetolookatanartistic-lookingwebsite.Don’ttrytomakethewebsiteitsownpieceofart—thatrarelygoeswell.SophieKahnSophieKahnisanartistthatfocusesonthehumanbodybyusingdigitalandsculptingtechniques.Sheusesa3Dimagelaser(激光)tobringherideastolife,andyoucanfindtheseinbothprintandvideoforms.Thiswebsite’sdesignisclassic,allowingvisitorstolearnmoreabouttheartistandexhibitionsthroughaneasynavigation(導航)bar.JasonArklesJasonisasculptorwithskillsthatemphasizethetasteofthe19thcentury.Althoughhistastesarehistorical,helovestoapplythatinamodernisticandforward-movingmanner.Thehomepageisbeautifulandsimple,withtwomainelements:theartandlinkstoimportantpages.BenjaminHardmanBenjaminisaphotographerthatcatchessomeamazingimagesofsevereenvironments.Youcanfindimagesofbeautifullandscapesandanimalsthatliveinthewildinhisworks.Thewebsiteisminimalwithpotentialclientsinmind.Withitsspecialvisualdesignittakestheclientswheretheywanttogo.AndreaLawlManningAndreaisanartistthatusespainttocreateuniqueandcolorfulsculptures.Thismeansdriedpaint,andthevariousformscancreatesomereallyincrediblestuff!Thewebsitefeaturesclickablepicturestoseetheartinfull-screenmode.1.Whatdogoodartistwebsitesmainlyfocuson?A.Artists. B.Artworks. C.Theirlooks. D.Theirhomepages.2.WhatisthefeatureofSophieKahn’swebsite?A.Itoffersauser-friendlymenu. B.Itprovidesclickablepictures.C.Itreflectsahistoricaltaste. D.Itfollowsafancydesign.3.Whosewebsitemightappealtothosewhoareinterestedinnature?A.SophieKahn’s. B.JasonArkles’.C.BenjaminHardman’s. D.AndreaLawlManning’s.〖答案〗1.B2.A3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了四位藝術(shù)家的個人網(wǎng)站特點，并強調(diào)了優(yōu)秀的藝術(shù)家網(wǎng)站應專注于展示藝術(shù)作品本身，而非網(wǎng)站的外觀或藝術(shù)性?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Agoodartistwebsiteshouldshowcaseyourart.(一個好的藝術(shù)家網(wǎng)站應該展示你的藝術(shù)作品)”可知，好的藝術(shù)家網(wǎng)站主要聚焦于藝術(shù)作品。故選B項。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SophieKahn部分中“Thiswebsite’sdesignisclassic,allowingvisitorstolearnmoreabouttheartistandexhibitionsthroughaneasynavigation(導航)

bar.(這個網(wǎng)站的設(shè)計很經(jīng)典，通過一個簡單的導航欄，游客可以了解更多關(guān)于藝術(shù)家和展覽的信息)”可知，SophieKahn的網(wǎng)站提供了一個用戶友好的菜單。故選A項。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)BenjaminHardman部分中“Benjaminisaphotographerthatcatchessomeamazingimagesofsevereenvironments.Youcanfindimagesofbeautifullandscapesandanimalsthatliveinthewildinhisworks.(Benjamin是一位攝影師，他拍攝了一些令人驚嘆的惡劣環(huán)境的照片。在他的作品中，你可以找到美麗的風景和野生動物的照片)”可推知，BenjaminHardman的網(wǎng)站可能會吸引那些對自然感興趣的人。故選C項。BWhenmyeditorsaskedmetoreportonforestbathing,Ipackedaswimsuit.Iassumeditmustinvolvegettinginthewater.Itturnsout,myinterpretationwastooliteral.ImetcertifiedForestTherapy(治療)guideMelanieChoukas-BradleyatanurbanforestinWashington,D.C.Here,Ibegantogetit.Forestbathingisn’tabathorahike.Wedidwalktheforesttrails,butwewanderedwithnoparticulardestinationinmind.Theaimofforestbathing,Choukas-Bradleyexplained,istoslowdownandthrowoneselfinthenaturalenvironment.Shehelpedusbeawareofthesmells,tastesandsightsoftheforest.Wetookinoursurroundingsbyusingalloursenses.Aswepassedthroughastandoftrees,wetouchedthetrunks.Wesmelledtheblackwalnuts,whichgiveoffalovelyfragrance(香氣).Wegotalittleshowerofripemulberries,too.“Closeyoureyesandjustbreathe.”Choukas-Bradleytoldus.AfterIopenedmyeyes,thegreenlookedalotgreener.AndIbegantoseethingsIhadn’tnoticedbefore.“Aforestguidehelpsusbehere,notthere,”saysAmosClifford,thefounderoftheAssociationofNature&ForestTherapy,theorganizationthatcertifiestheguides.Theysupportwhattheforestscouldofferus,invitingusintopracticesthatdeepenphysicalpresence,pleasure,andpartnershipwithnature.Whenweconnectwithnatureinthisway,weareconnectingwithourselves.Clifford’sgoalistoencouragehealthcareproyiderstointegrateforesttherapyasastress-reductionstrategy.IntheUnitedStates,work-relatedstressaccountsforupto$190billioninhealthcarecostseachyear.“It’smyhopethatthehealthcaresystemwillincludeforesttherapyintotherangeofservices,”Cliffordsays.4.Whatisforestbathing?A.Ahikeupthemountain. B.Anadventureinthewoods.C.Aswimminginopenwater. D.Aguidednaturehealingpractice.5.Howcanwebenefitfromforestbathing?A.Byimprovingourawareness. B.Bydoingintensetraining.C.Byexperiencingnaturemindfully. D.Bycarryingouteyesighttests.6.Whatcanaguidehelpforestbathersdo?A.Locateandpickripefruits.B.Putexerciseplansintoaction.C.Identifydifferenttreesandbirds.D.Concentrateonthesurroundingnature.7.WhatcanwelearnfromClifford’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Healthcaresystemneedsupdating.B.Nature-basedtherapycoststoomuch.C.Stress-relateddiseasesarecommonlyseen.D.Foresttherapycouldbeanalternativetreatment.〖答案〗4.D5.C6.D7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了“森林浴”這一自然治愈實踐的概念、過程和益處，以及將其納入醫(yī)療保健體系的潛力。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ImetcertifiedForestTherapy(治療)guideMelanieChoukas-BradleyatanurbanforestinWashington,D.C.Here,Ibegantogetit.

Forestbathingisn’tabathorahike.Wedidwalktheforesttrails,butwewanderedwithnoparticulardestinationinmind.”（在華盛頓特區(qū)的一座城市森林里，我遇到了森林療法認證向?qū)诽m妮·喬卡斯-布拉德利。在這里，我開始明白了。森林浴既不是洗澡也不是徒步旅行。我們確實曾漫步于森林小徑，但我們是漫無目的地游蕩。）和第三段中“Theaimofforestbathing,Choukas-Bradleyexplained,istoslowdownandthrowoneselfinthenaturalenvironment.”（喬卡斯-布拉德利解釋說，森林浴的目的是放慢腳步，投身于自然環(huán)境。）可推知，森林浴是一種在自然環(huán)境中，由向?qū)б龑У淖匀恢斡鷮嵺`，而不是爬山、林間冒險或開放水域游泳。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Shehelpedusbeawareofthesmells,tastesandsightsoftheforest.Wetookinoursurroundingsbyusingalloursenses.Aswepassedthroughastandoftrees,wetouchedthetrunks.Wesmelledtheblackwalnuts,whichgiveoffalovelyfragrance(香氣).Wegotalittleshowerofripemulberries,too.”（她幫助我們意識到森林的氣味、味道和景色。我們用所有的感官來感受周圍的環(huán)境。當我們穿過一片樹林時，我們觸摸樹干。我們聞到了黑胡桃的香氣。我們還被成熟的桑葚灑了一身。）和第四段中“Theysupportwhattheforestscouldofferus,invitingusintopracticesthatdeepenphysicalpresence,pleasure,andpartnershipwithnature.Whenweconnectwithnatureinthisway,weareconnectingwithourselves.”（他們支持森林能給我們提供的東西，邀請我們進行實踐，以加深身體的存在感、愉悅感以及與自然的伙伴關(guān)系。當我們以這種方式與自然聯(lián)系時，我們就是在與自己聯(lián)系。）可知，我們通過全身心地體驗自然，從森林浴中獲益。故選C項。【6題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Shehelpedusbeawareofthesmells,tastesandsightsoftheforest.Wetookinoursurroundingsbyusingalloursenses.Aswepassedthroughastandoftrees,wetouchedthetrunks.Wesmelledtheblackwalnuts,whichgiveoffalovelyfragrance(香氣).”（她幫助我們意識到森林的氣味、味道和景色。我們用所有的感官來感受周圍的環(huán)境。當我們穿過一片樹林時，我們觸摸樹干。我們聞到了黑胡桃的香氣。）和第四段中““Aforestguidehelpsusbehere,notthere,”saysAmosClifford,thefounderoftheAssociationofNature&ForestTherapy,theorganizationthatcertifiestheguides.”（森林向?qū)椭覀儗Ｗ⒂谶@里，而不是其它地方，”自然與森林療法協(xié)會的創(chuàng)始人AmosClifford說，該組織負責認證向?qū)?。）可知，一個向?qū)Э梢詭椭衷≌邔Ｗ⒂谥車淖匀画h(huán)境，而不是其他地方。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Clifford’sgoalistoencouragehealthcareproviderstointegrateforesttherapyasastress-reductionstrategy.IntheUnitedStates,work-relatedstressaccountsforupto$190billioninhealthcarecostseachyear.‘It’smyhopethatthehealthcaresystemwillincludeforesttherapyintotherangeofservices,’Cliffordsays.”（Clifford的目標是鼓勵醫(yī)療保健提供者將森林療法作為一種減壓策略。在美國，與工作相關(guān)的壓力每年占醫(yī)療保健費用的高達1900億美元?！拔蚁Ｍt(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)能將森林療法納入服務范圍，”Clifford說。）可知，Clifford建議醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)能將森林療法納入服務范圍，說明他認為森林療法可以作為一種替代治療方法。故選D項。CFloatingpiecesofArcticseaicerolledintocomplicatedpatternsasoceancurrentscarriedthemsouthalongGreenland’seastcoastinspring2024.TheMODIS(光譜儀)onNASA’sTerrasatelliteseizedamomentofthisdizzyingjourneyonJune4,2024.Muchoftheicehaslikelyflowedagreatdistancetogettothispoint.TheFramStrait,connectingtheArcticOceanwiththeGreenlandSea,servesastheprimaryrouteforseaiceoutoftheArctic.Alongtheway,itbreaksintosmallerpiecesandstartstomeltinwarmeroceanwaters.“Thesmallerthefloatingice,themore‘wispy’thepatterns,”saidWaltMeier,aseaicescientist.Thesmallicepiecesmayonlybemetersacross—toosmalltodistinguishinMODISimagery.Theirgatheringformsthesmoke-likecloudsrisingfromthewatersurface.Asthesummerwearson,icewillcontinuetobecarriedoutoftheArctic.Butinrecentyears,moreoftheArcticOcean’sseaicehasbecometooyoungandthintomakethejourneysouth,notedAngelaBliss,aseaicescientistatNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.“Historically,whenmoreoftheArcticseaicewouldsurvivethesummermeltseason,growingthickerandolder,alargervolumeofseaicewouldbetransportedthroughtheFramStrait,”shesaid.Someclimatescientistsarewatchingthisdecreasedflowclosely.ThemovementofseaiceandfreshwateroutoftheArcticisacomponentofoceancirculation(洋流)patternsthatdistributeheataroundtheplanet.The“globaloceanconveyorbelt”transportscoldwatersouthandwarmwaternorth,contributingtoclimateconditionsworldwide.“Lessiceandfreshwatertransporthavebigimpactsonoceanproductivity,aswellaswarmingupperoceantemperatures,intheregion,”saidBliss.A2023studylookingattwodecadesofrelatedobservationsfoundthattheEastGreenlandCurrentismovinglessseaicethroughtheFramStrait,primarilyduetoseaicethinning.TheresearchersobservedthatsummertimesurfacewatertemperaturesoffGreenlandhaverisen,inpartduetotheincreasedpresenceofheat-absorbingopenwater.8.WhatdoestheNASAimagemainlyshow?A.Thelengthofthecoastline. B.ThejourneytotheArctic.C.Asceneofseaicemovement. D.ApatternoftheArcticice.9.Whatdoestheunderlined“wispy”possiblymean?A.Typical. B.Delicate. C.Evident. D.Similar.10.Whyareclimatescientistsmonitoringthereducedflow?A.Itaffectsthebalanceofglobalheat.B.ItencouragesArcticoceandiversity.C.Itleadstothepollutionoffreshwater.D.Itspeedsupthe“oceanconveyorbelt”.11.Whatcanweknowaboutthechangingseaiceinthelastparagraph?A.Itstheoreticalbasis. B.Itseconomicpromise.C.ItsimpactontheFramStrait. D.Itslinkwithclimatesystem.〖答案〗8.C9.B10.A11.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報道。短文介紹了海冰運動與氣候的關(guān)系?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“FloatingpiecesofArcticseaicerolledintocomplicatedpatternsasoceancurrentscarriedthemsouthalongGreenland’seastcoastinspring2024.TheMODIS(光譜儀)onNASA’sTerrasatelliteseizedamomentofthisdizzyingjourneyonJune4,2024.”（2024年春天，隨著洋流沿著格陵蘭島東海岸向南移動，漂浮的北極海冰翻滾成復雜的圖案。2024年6月4日，美國宇航局Terra衛(wèi)星上的MODIS捕捉到了這段令人眼花繚亂的旅程。）可知，NASA的圖像主要展示了海冰運動的場景。故選C。【9題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Thesmallerthefloatingice,themore‘wispy’thepatterns”可知，海冰越小，圖案越“wispy”，結(jié)合下文“Thesmallicepiecesmayonlybemetersacross—toosmalltodistinguishinMODISimagery.”（這些小冰塊可能只有幾米寬——太小了，在MODIS圖像中無法分辨。）可知，海冰小到在圖像中難以辨別，因此“wispy”可能是指“細微的、纖細的”。故選B。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“ThemovementofseaiceandfreshwateroutoftheArcticisacomponentofoceancirculation(洋流)patternsthatdistributeheataroundtheplanet.The“globaloceanconveyorbelt”transportscoldwatersouthandwarmwaternorth,contributingtoclimateconditionsworldwide.”（海冰和淡水從北極流出是海洋環(huán)流模式的一個組成部分，而海洋環(huán)流模式在全球范圍內(nèi)分配熱量?！叭蚝Ｑ髠魉蛶А毕蚰陷斔屠渌?，向北輸送暖水，影響了全球氣候條件）可知，氣候科學家監(jiān)測減少的海冰流動是因為它影響全球熱量的平衡。故選A。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“A2023studylookingattwodecadesofrelatedobservationsfoundthattheEastGreenlandCurrentismovinglessseaicethroughtheFramStrait,primarilyduetoseaicethinning.TheresearchersobservedthatsummertimesurfacewatertemperaturesoffGreenlandhaverisen,inpartduetotheincreasedpresenceofheat-absorbingopenwater.”（2023年的一項研究對20年的相關(guān)觀察結(jié)果進行了分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)東格陵蘭洋流通過弗拉姆海峽的海冰減少了，這主要是由于海冰變薄。研究人員觀察到，格陵蘭島夏季的地表水溫已經(jīng)上升，部分原因是吸收熱量的開闊水域的增加。）可知，海冰變化與氣候系統(tǒng)有關(guān)。故選D。DInadigital,globalworldwherethinkingcriticallyandgeneratingnewideascount,acradle-to-careerapproachtoeducatingchildrenmustbemindfulofhowchildrenlearntolearn,notjustwhattheylearn.TheIntellectualLivesofChildrenallowsreaderstolookintothemindsofkidsastheyexploreandlearnineverydaymoments,emphasizingwhatconstitutesreallearning.Childrenarebornwithplayfulcuriosity.Theyaskquestionsabouteverything—Whydoesatreehaveleaves?WhydoestheSuncomeup?Thesequestionshelpchildrendiscoverthecausalrelationshipsamongthings—allwiththeguidanceofadults.Yetexplorationstaketime.AsEngelwrites,“whenchildrenareallowedtodiveintoatopicthoroughly,theyconnectunrelatedfactsandgeneratenewideas.”Therealmentalworktakesplaceastheyplay—whenachildbuildsaplatformofchairstogetcookiesfromanout-of-reachcookiebox.Hiddeninthesemomentsarestrengthenedcuriosityandinnovation.Hurriedparentsoftenlacktheabilitytoallowthattime,fearingthattheirchildrenmightbelatefortheirnextscheduledactivity.“ItbecomesclearthattheeducationalsysteminU.S.doesnotconcernitselfwithchildren’sintellectuallives,”warnsEngelinthebook.Instead,shehopestoreimagineschoolsas“ideafactories”builtoninspiringcuriosity:“Imagineassessingstudentsprogressundersomenewheadings:posesinterestingquestions,...andspendstimesolvingthem.Inonelovelyexample,Engeldescribesateacherwhochallengedherstudentstoconstructarecord-breakingstrawchainmeasuring3.8miles.“Winningwouldbefun,butthecognitive(認知的)benefitswouldbefar-reaching,”explainstheteacher,whosegoalwastohelpthechildrenbetterunderstandthedepthoftheMarianaTrench.Withscientificinsightandvividexamples,Engel’sbookofferstipsforhowtomakethelearningmoreapparent.Sheencouragesparentstoseechildrenasactivethinkersandsuggeststhatbyaskingopen-endedquestionsandlettingthemexplore,childrenwillbebetterpreparedforacomplexandever-changingworld.12.Howwillchildren’splayfulcuriositybecomereallearning?A.Bygivingkidsatimelimit. B.Byplanningoutextraactivities.C.Byrememberingcasualfacts. D.Byallowingkidstofullyexplore.13.What’sEngel’sattitudetowardAmericaneducationalsystem?A.Critical. B.Unclear. C.Unconcerned. D.Tolerant.14.WhatisspecialaboutEngel’sbook?A.Itpresentsacomplicatedworld. B.Itpromotesscheduledactivities.C.Itcombinesscienceandpractice. D.Itfeaturesopen-endedquestions.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FunInspiresKids’Curiosity B.PlayDevelopsBetterThinkersC.LearningFeedsYoungMinds D.HurriedParentsTeachKidsWell〖答案〗12.D13.A14.C15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了《兒童的智力生活》這本書的觀點，強調(diào)讓孩子充分探索對于真正學習的重要性，同時對美國教育體系提出批評，并闡述了這本書的特色和價值?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Childrenarebornwithplayfulcuriosity.Theyaskquestionsabouteverything—Whydoesatreehaveleaves?WhydoestheSuncomeup?Thesequestionshelpchildrendiscoverthecausalrelationshipsamongthings(孩子們生來就有頑皮的好奇心。他們問一切問題——為什么一棵樹有葉子？太陽為什么會升起？這些問題幫助孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)事物之間的因果關(guān)系)”和第三段中“Yetexplorationstaketime.AsEngelwrites,“whenchildrenareallowedtodiveintoatopicthoroughly,theyconnectunrelatedfactsandgeneratenewideas.”Therealmentalworktakesplaceastheyplay(然而，探索需要時間。正如恩格爾所寫，“當孩子們被允許深入研究一個主題時，他們會將不相關(guān)的事實聯(lián)系起來，并產(chǎn)生新的想法?！闭嬲哪X力勞動是在他們玩耍時發(fā)生的)”可知，當孩子們被允許深入探索一個話題時，他們會將不相關(guān)的事實聯(lián)系起來，并產(chǎn)生新的想法。這表明通過允許他們充分探索，可以將孩子們玩樂的好奇心轉(zhuǎn)化為真正的學習。故選D?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Engel的話“ItbecomesclearthattheeducationalsysteminU.S.doesnotconcernitselfwithchildren’sintellectuallives(顯然，美國的教育體系并不關(guān)注兒童的智力生活)”可知，Engel明確指出美國的教育體系并不關(guān)心孩子們的智力生活，這表明她對美國的教育體系持批評態(tài)度。故選A?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Withscientificinsightandvividexamples,Engel’sbookofferstipsforhowtomakethelearningmoreapparent.(憑借科學的洞察力和生動的例子，恩格爾的這本書為如何使學習更明顯提供了建議)”可知，Engel的書結(jié)合了科學見解和生動的例子，這表明她的書將科學和實踐相結(jié)合。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其結(jié)合第一段中“TheIntellectualLivesofChildrenallowsreaderstolookintothemindsofkidsastheyexploreandlearnineverydaymoments,emphasizingwhatconstitutesreallearning.(《兒童的智力生活》讓讀者在孩子們每天探索和學習的時候觀察他們的思想，強調(diào)什么是真正的學習。)”、第二段中“Childrenarebornwithplayfulcuriosity.Theyaskquestionsabouteverything—Whydoesatreehaveleaves?WhydoestheSuncomeup?Thesequestionshelpchildrendiscoverthecausalrelationshipsamongthings(孩子們生來就有頑皮的好奇心。他們問一切問題——為什么一棵樹有葉子？太陽為什么會升起？這些問題幫助孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)事物之間的因果關(guān)系)”和第三段中“Therealmentalworktakesplaceastheyplay—whenachildbuildsaplatformofchairstogetcookiesfromanout-of-reachcookiebox.Hiddeninthesemomentsarestrengthenedcuriosityandinnovation.(真正的腦力勞動發(fā)生在他們玩耍的時候——當一個孩子搭建一個椅子平臺，從一個夠不著的餅干盒里拿餅干時。隱藏在這些時刻的是增強的好奇心和創(chuàng)新。)”可知，文章主要討論了在兒童教育中應重視培養(yǎng)其探索能力和好奇心的重要性。故B項“PlayDevelopsBetterThinkers(玩耍培養(yǎng)出更好的思考者)”準確地概括了文章的主旨，即玩耍和探索對于兒童智力發(fā)展的重要性。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Weareallcreaturesofhabit.Wetendtowakeupatthesametimeeachday,brushourteeth,havemorningcoffeeandtraveltowork,followingthesamepatternseveryday.____16____Behavioralscientistswhostudyhabitformationsaythatmanyofustrytocreatehealthyhabitsthewrongway.____17____Herearetwotips,backedbyresearch,forformingnewhealthyhabits.____18____Formanyofus,ourmorningroutineisthestrongest,sothat’sagreatplacetobuildanewhabit.Whilebrushingyourteeth,youmightstandononefoottopracticebalance.Manyofusfallintoend-of-the-daypatternsaswell.DoyoutendtosinkintothesofaafterworkandturnontheTV?Thatmightbeagoodtimetodoasingledailyyogapose.____19____WendyWood,aresearchpsychologist,callstheforcesthatgetinthewayofgoodhabits“friction”.Inonestudy,researcherschangedtheturningofliftdoorssothatworkershadtowaitnearlyhalfaminuteforthedoorstoclose.____20____Manypeoplearethereforeconvincedthattakingthestairswaseasierthanwaitingforthelift.Itshowshowsensitivewearetosmallfrictioninourenvironment.Justslowingdowntheliftgotpeopletotakethestairs,andtheystuckwithitevenaftertheliftwentbacktonormaltiming.A.Itwasjustenoughofadelay.B.Whydowestopdoingwhat’sgoodforus?C.Butwhyisitsohardtoformnewhealthyhabits?D.Weprobablyformnewhabitswhenweclearawaythebarriers.E.Thebetterwaytoformanewhabitistotieittoanexistinghabit.F.Itexplainswhyfrictionpreventstheprogressofforminggoodhabits.G.Forexample,wesetbiggoalstoloseweightwithouttakingpropersteps.〖答案〗16.C17.G18.E19.D20.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了形成新的健康習慣的兩個小技巧?！?6題詳析】上文“Weareallcreaturesofhabit.Wetendtowakeupatthesametimeeachday,brushourteeth,havemorningcoffeeandtraveltowork,followingthesamepatternseveryday.(我們都是有習慣的生物。我們傾向于每天在同一時間醒來，刷牙，喝早間咖啡，然后去上班，每天遵循相同的模式)”指出人傾向于遵循相同的模式，是習慣型生物，喜歡按習慣行事，但下文“Behavioralscientistswhostudyhabitformationsaythatmanyofustrytocreatehealthyhabitsthewrongway.(研究習慣形成的行為科學家說，我們中的許多人試圖以錯誤的方式養(yǎng)成健康的習慣)”卻說健康的習慣很難養(yǎng)成，上下文有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。C選項“但是為什么形成新的健康習慣如此困難呢？”承上啟下，引出喜歡按習慣行事的人們卻難以養(yǎng)成新的健康習慣這一矛盾，上下文語意連貫。故選C項?！?7題詳析】上文“...manyofustrytocreatehealthyhabitsthewrongway.(許多人試圖以錯誤的方式養(yǎng)成健康的習慣)”指出許多人試圖以錯誤的方式養(yǎng)成健康的習慣。G選項“例如，我們設(shè)定了減肥的大目標，卻沒有采取適當?shù)牟襟E”以減肥為例，說明了我們試圖用錯誤的方式來養(yǎng)成健康的習慣，即設(shè)定了不切實際的大目標而沒有采取適當?shù)牟襟E，上下文語意連貫。故選G項。【18題詳析】下文“Formanyofus,ourmorningroutineisthestrongest,sothat’sagreatplacetobuildanewhabit.(對我們中的許多人來說，早晨的日常習慣是最強烈的，所以這是一個建立新習慣的好地方)”提出利用早晨的日常習慣來建立新的習慣，即“將新習慣與現(xiàn)有的習慣聯(lián)系起來”，是對E選項“形成新習慣的更好方法是將其與現(xiàn)有的習慣聯(lián)系起來”這一觀點的闡述和說明。故選E項。【19題詳析】下文“WendyWood,aresearchpsychologist,callstheforcesthatgetinthewayofgoodhabits‘friction’(研究心理學家溫迪·伍德把阻礙養(yǎng)成好習慣的力量稱為“阻力”)”提到阻礙養(yǎng)成好習慣的“friction(阻力)”，與D選項“Weprobablyformnewhabitswhenweclearawaythebarriers.(當我們清除“障礙”時，我們可能會形成新的習慣)”中“barriers”相照應，即克服阻力或者清除障礙就能形成新的習慣，上下文語意連貫。故選D項。【20題詳析】上文“Inonestudy,researcherschangedtheturningofliftdoorssothatworkershadtowaitnearlyhalfaminuteforthedoorstoclose.(在一項研究中，研究人員改變了電梯門的轉(zhuǎn)動方式，這樣工人們就不得不等近半分鐘才能關(guān)門)”提出研究人員改變了電梯門的轉(zhuǎn)動方式導致工人們需要等待近半分鐘的時間。A選項“這只是足夠的延遲”承接上文，解釋了研究人員這樣做的目的，同時引出了下文“Manypeoplearethereforeconvincedthattakingthestairswaseasierthanwaitingforthelift.(因此，許多人相信走樓梯比等電梯更容易)”這一行為的結(jié)果，上下文語意連貫。故選A項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Cookinghasalwaysbeenasmallenjoymentofmine,Aboutadecadeago,Ifoundgreat____21____increatingdeliciousmealsfrombeginning,However,aseriesof____22____,includingafewunfortunatecuts,leftme____23____tocook.SoIgraduallydistancedmyselffrom____24____,relyingmoreonmyhusbandtocookortakeout,Recently,however,Idecidedto____25____myloveforcooking,andit’sbeentransformative.Gettingbackintocookingwasn’teasy.Memoriesofpastaccidentswithmyhandsremained,andthefearof____26____myselfagainappeared.However,asthe____27____oflivingcontinuedtorise,Irealizedthatrelyingonlyonrestaurantswasn’tsustainable.So,with____28____,Isteppedbackintothekitchen.One____29____thathastrulyrefueledmypassionforcookingisJuliaChild’sBeefBourguignon(紅酒燉牛肉).WhenthemovieJulieandJuliacameout,Ifellinlovewithcookingbutnever_____30_____thisclassicFrenchdish.It’scertainlya_____31_____oflove,requiringalotoftime,_____32_____,andattentiontodetail.Fromseasoningthebeefwithsaltandpeppertomixingitwithwine,every_____33_____isajoyouscelebrationofflavorandtechnique.Makingitforthefirsttimegavemeasenseof_____34_____,remindingmewhyIfellinlovewithcooking.Cookingdoesn’thavetobea_____35_____—itcanbeaformofself-expression.21.A.loss B.joy C.courage D.trouble22.A.choices B.treatments C.accidents D.questions23.A.hesitant B.excited C.curious D.ready24.A.cleaning B.cooking C.hospital D.restaurant25.A.convey B.test C.forget D.rediscover26.A.injuring B.excusing C.blaming D.changing27.A.level B.value C.quality D.cost28.A.energy B.dream C.determination D.pleasure29.A.gift B.recipe C.idea D.advertisement30.A.sold B.mentioned C.attempted D.accepted31.A.labor B.rule C.mark D.promise32.A.space B.belief C.caution D.patience33.A.dish B.event C.step D.secret34.A.relief B.accomplishment C.warmth D.responsibility35.A.burden B.surprise C.regret D.danger〖答案〗21.B22.C23.A24.B25.D26.A27.D28.C29.B30.C31.A32.D33.C34.B35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者曾因烹飪事故而遠離廚房，近期決定重新嘗試烹飪，并通過制作紅酒燉牛肉找回了對烹飪的熱愛?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：烹飪一直是我的一個小愛好，大約十年前，我在從頭開始制作美味佳肴的過程中找到了極大的樂趣。A.loss失去；B.joy快樂；C.courage勇氣；D.trouble麻煩。根據(jù)上文“Cookinghasalwaysbeenasmallenjoymentofmine”可知作者在從頭開始制作美味佳肴的過程中找到了極大的樂趣。故選B項?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一系列的意外，包括幾次不幸的割傷，讓我對烹飪猶豫不決。A.choices選擇；B.treatments治療；C.accidents意外；D.questions問題。根據(jù)下文“includingafewunfortunatecuts”可知作者經(jīng)歷了一系列意外。故選C項。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，一系列的意外，包括幾次不幸的割傷，讓我對烹飪猶豫不決。A.hesitant猶豫的；B.excited興奮的；C.curious好奇的；D.ready準備好的。根據(jù)下文“thefear”可知作者害怕烹飪，因此對烹飪猶豫不決。故選A項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我漸漸遠離了烹飪，依賴丈夫做飯或者吃外賣。A.cleaning打掃；B.cooking烹飪；C.hospital醫(yī)院；D.restaurant餐館。根據(jù)下文“relyingmoreonmyhusbandtocookortakeout”可知作者遠離了烹飪，由丈夫烹飪。故選B項。【25題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最近，我決定重新找回對烹飪的熱愛，這讓我發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。A.convey傳達；B.test測試；C.forget忘記；D.rediscover重新發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“Gettingbackintocookingwasn’teasy.”可知作者決定重新找回對烹飪的熱愛。故選D項?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：過去手部事故的記憶還在，我害怕再次受傷。A.injuring傷害；B.excusing原諒；C.blaming責備；D.chan