北京市通州區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題(解析版)

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1北京市通州區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題第一部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，28分)第一節(jié)(共9小題;每小題2分，共18分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AApprovedandProhibitedItemsThefollowingitemsareapprovedforuseinresidential(住宿的)rooms:hairdryers,personalcomputers,radios,televisionsandDVDplayers.Itemsthatarenotallowedinstudentroomsinclude:candles,ceilingfans,fireworks,waterbeds,sunlampsandwirelessrouters.PleasenotethatanyprohibiteditemswillbetakenawaybytheOfficeofResidenceLife.AccesstoResidentialRoomsStudentsareprovidedwithacombination(組合密碼)fortheirroomdoorlocksuponcheck-in.Donotshareyourroomdoorlockcombinationwithanyone.TheOfficeofResidenceLifemaychangethedoorlockcombinationatanytimeattheexpenseoftheresidentifitisfoundthatthestudenthassharedthecombinationwithothers.Thefeeis$25tochangearoomcombination.CookingRulesStudentslivinginbuildingsthathavekitchensareonlypermittedtocookinthekitchen.Studentsmustcleanupaftercooking.Thisisnottheresponsibilityofhousekeepingstaff.Kitchensthatarenotkeptcleanmaybeclosedforuse.Withtheexceptionofusingamicrowaveoven(微波爐)toheatfood，studentsarenotpermittedtocookintheirrooms.QuietHoursResidentialbuildingsmustmaintainanatmospherethatsupportstheacademicmissionoftheUniversity.Minimumquiethoursinallcampusresidencesare11:00pmto8:00amSundaythroughThursday.QuiethoursonFridayandSaturdaynightsare1:00amto8:00am.Studentswhogoagainstquiethoursaresubjecttoafineof$25.1.Whichofthefollowingitemsareallowedinstudentrooms?A.Candlesandradios. B.Ceilingfansandwaterbeds.C.TVsandHairdryers. D.Personalcomputersandsunlamps.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthecookingrules?A.Ahousekeeperistocleanupthekitchen. B.Cookinginstudentroomsispermitted.C.Studentsaretoclosekitchendoorsaftercooking. D.Amicrowaveovencanbeused.3.Whencanstudentsenjoyapartyinresidences?A.00:30am,Saturday. B.11:30pm,Monday.C.7:00am,Sunday. D.7:30am,Thursday.〖答案〗1.C2.D3.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹的是大學(xué)宿舍管理的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ApprovedandProhibitedItems部分中的“Thefollowingitemsareapprovedforuseinresidential(住宿的)rooms:hairdryers,personalcomputers,radios,televisionsandDVDplayers.Itemsthatarenotallowedinstudentroomsinclude:candles,ceilingfans,fireworks,waterbeds,sunlampsandwirelessrouters.(以下物品被批準(zhǔn)用于住宿的房間：吹風(fēng)機(jī)，個(gè)人電腦，收音機(jī)，電視和DVD播放器。學(xué)生房間內(nèi)不允許攜帶的物品包括：蠟燭、吊扇、煙花、水床、太陽燈和無線路由器。)”可知，電視和吹風(fēng)機(jī)是學(xué)校允許和禁止攜帶的物品。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CookingRules部分中的“Withtheexceptionofusingamicrowaveoven(微波爐)toheatfood，studentsarenotpermittedtocookintheirrooms.(除了使用微波爐加熱食物外，學(xué)生不得在自己的房間里做飯。)”可知，除了在屋內(nèi)使用微波爐加熱食物之外，不允許學(xué)生在宿舍內(nèi)做飯。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)QuietHours部分中的“Minimumquiethoursinallcampusresidencesare11:00pmto8:00amSundaythroughThursday.QuiethoursonFridayandSaturdaynightsare1:00amto8:00am.(所有校園宿舍的最低安靜時(shí)間為周日至周四晚上11：00至上午8：00。周五和周六晚上的安靜時(shí)間為凌晨1：00至上午8：00。)”可知，要求學(xué)生在周日到周四的晚上11點(diǎn)到上午8點(diǎn)以及周五和周六的凌晨1點(diǎn)到上午8點(diǎn)保持安靜，所以這些時(shí)段以外的時(shí)間可以活動(dòng)，A項(xiàng)“星期六上午00:30。”學(xué)生可以在宿舍中中參加聚會(huì)。故選A項(xiàng)。BScientiststodayaremakinggreaterefforttostudyoceancurrents(洋流).Mostdoitusingsatellitesandotherhigh-techequipment.However,oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway—studyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbage(垃圾).Ascientistwithmanyyears’experience,hestartedthistypeofresearchintheearly1990swhenheheardabouthundredsofathleticshoeswashingupontheshoresofthenorthwestcoastoftheUnitedStates.Thereweresomanyshoesthatpeopleweresettingupswapmeetstotryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellorwear.Ebbesmeyerfoundoutinhisresearchesthattheshoes—about60,000intotal—fellintotheoceaninashippingaccident.Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected,thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn’t.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment.Ifhelearnedwhenandwheretheshoeswentintothewaterandtrackedwheretheylanded,hecouldlearnalotaboutthepatternsofoceancurrents.ThePacificNorthwestisoneoftheworld’sbestareasforbeachcombing(海灘搜尋)becausewindsandcurrentsjoinhere,andasaresult,thereisagroupofseriousbeachcombersinthearea.Ebbesmeyergottoknowalotofthemandaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformationaboutwheretheshoeslanded.Inayearhecollectedreliableinformationon1,600shoes.Withthisdata,heandacolleaguewereabletotestandimproveacomputerprogramdesignedtomodeloceancurrents,andpublishthefindingsoftheirstudy.Astheresultofhiswork,Ebbesmeyerhasbecomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean.Hehasevenstartedanassociationofbeachcombersandoceanexperts,with500subscribersfromWestAfricatoNewZealand.Theyhaverecordedalllostobjectsrangingfrompotatoestogolfgloves.4.Ebbesmeyerphonedtheshoecompanytofindout________.A.howmuchtheylostintheshippingaccident B.whetheritwasallrighttousetheirshoesC.whenandwheretheshoeswentmissing D.whatcausedtheshippingaccident5.HowdidEbbesmeyerprovehisassumption?A.Bysearchingthewebforoceancurrentsmodels. B.Bystudyingtheshoesfoundbybeachcomber.C.Byresearchingoceancurrentsdatainthelibrary. D.Bycollectinginformationfrombeachcombers.6.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?A.Togivetipsonhowtosearchforlostobjectsonthebeach.B.Toexplainauniquewayofstudyingoceancurrents.C.Tocallpeople’sattentiontooceanpollution.D.Towarnpeopleofshippingsafetyintheocean.〖答案〗4.B5.D6.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述海洋專家CurtisEbbesmeyer通過一種特殊的方式來研究洋流，即通過追蹤隨機(jī)漂浮垃圾的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡來研究洋流?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected,thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn’t.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment.（他打電話給制鞋公司，問他們是否想要回鞋子。不出所料，該公司告訴他，他們不想要回這些鞋子。Ebbesmeyer意識(shí)到這可能是一個(gè)偉大的實(shí)驗(yàn)）”可知，Ebbesmeyer打電話給該公司想弄清該他們是否想要回這些鞋子，得到“不想要回”的答復(fù)之后，Ebbesmeyer決定利用這些鞋子做實(shí)驗(yàn)。因此Ebbesmeyer打電話的目的是為了確定自己是否有權(quán)使用這些鞋子。故選B。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inayearhecollectedreliableinformationon1,600shoes.Withthisdata,heandacolleaguewereabletotestandimproveacomputerprogramdesignedtomodeloceancurrents,andpublishthefindingsoftheirstudy.（在一年內(nèi)，他收集了1600雙鞋的可靠信息。有了這些數(shù)據(jù)，他和一位同事能夠測(cè)試和改進(jìn)一個(gè)用于模擬洋流的計(jì)算機(jī)程序，并發(fā)表了他們的研究結(jié)果）”可知，Ebbesmeyer通過收集這些來到海灘的人的鞋子信息來驗(yàn)證并得到研究結(jié)果的。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Scientiststodayaremakinggreaterefforttostudyoceancurrents(洋流).Mostdoitusingsatellitesandotherhigh-techequipment.However,oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway—studyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbage（今天，科學(xué)家們正在努力研究洋流。大多數(shù)人使用衛(wèi)星和其他高科技設(shè)備。然而，海洋專家CurtisEbbesmeyer一采用種特殊的方式來研究洋流，即通過追蹤隨機(jī)漂浮垃圾的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡來研究洋流）”可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是闡述一種特殊的研究海洋洋流的方式。故選B。CBrrriiinnng.Thealarmclockannouncesthestartofanotherbusyweekdayinthemorning.Youjumpoutofbed,rushintotheshower,intoyourclothesandoutthedoorwithhardlyamomenttothink.Astressfuljourneytoworkgetsyourbloodpressureclimbing.Onceattheoffice,youglancethroughthenewspaperwithdepressingstoriesorreportsofdisasters.Inthatsortofmood,whocangetdowntowork,particularlysomecreative,originalproblem-solvingwork?Thewaymostofusspendourmorningsisexactlyoppositetotheconditionsthatpromoteflexible,open-mindedthinking.Imaginativeideasaremostlikelytocometouswhenwe’reunfocused.Ifyouareoneofthoseenergeticmorningpeople,yourmostinventivetimecomesintheearlyeveningwhenyouarerelaxed.Sleepypeople’slackoffocusleadstoanincreaseincreativeproblemsolving.Bynotgivingyourselftimetotuneintoyourwanderingmind,you’remissingoutonthesurprisingsolutionsitmayoffer.Thetripyoutaketoworkdoesn’thelp,either.Thestressslowsdownthespeedwithwhichsignalstravelbetweenneurons(神經(jīng)細(xì)胞),makinginspirationslesslikelytooccur.Andwhileweallshouldreadalotaboutwhat’sgoingonintheworld,itwouldnotmakeyoufeelgoodforsure,soputthatnewswebsiteornewspaperasideuntilaftertheday’sworkisdone.Sowhatwouldourmorningslooklikeifwewantedtostartthemwithafullcapacityforcreativeproblemsolving?We’dsetthealarmafewminutesearlyandlieawakeinbed,followingourthoughtswheretheylead.We’dstandalittlelongerunderthewarmwateroftheshower,stoppingthinkingabouttasksinfavorofafewmoreminutesofrelaxation.We’dtakesomedeepbreathsonourwaytowork,insteadofcomplainingaboutheavytraffic.Andonceintheoffice—afterwegetacupofcoffee—we’dclickonlinksnottothenewsofthedaybuttothefunniestvideosthewebhastooffer.7.Accordingtotheauthor,wearemorecreativewhenweare________.A.busy B.awake C.focused D.relaxed8.By“tuneintoyourwanderingmind”inParagraph2,theauthormeans“________”.A.switchtothetrafficchannel B.stopconcentratingonanythingC.listentoabeautifultune D.wanderintothewild9.Theauthorwritesthelastparagraphinorderto________.A.advocatediversewaysoflife B.establisharoutineforthefutureC.offerpracticalsuggestions D.summarizepastexperiences〖答案〗7.D8.B9.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，放松心情更有利于提高工作效率和創(chuàng)造性的解決問題，壓力阻滯了神經(jīng)細(xì)胞信號(hào)的傳輸，只會(huì)導(dǎo)致工作效率下降。【7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ifyouareoneofthoseenergeticmorningpeople,yourmostinventivetimecomesintheearlyeveningwhenyouarerelaxed.”（如果你是那種早晨精力充沛的人，那么你最具創(chuàng)造力的時(shí)刻就是傍晚放松的時(shí)候。）可知放松使我們更具有創(chuàng)造性，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線句“Bynotgivingyourselftimetotuneintoyourwanderingmind,you’remissingoutonthesurprisingsolutionsitmayoffer.”（不給自己時(shí)間去tuneintoyourwanderingmind,,你將錯(cuò)失有創(chuàng)造性的解決問題的方法。）可知,如果你不把時(shí)間用在胡思亂想，也就是你的思想不集中的時(shí)候，你就會(huì)錯(cuò)過很多解決問題的方法。故劃線部分是指思維不集中。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段開頭“Sowhatwouldourmorningslooklikeifwewantedtostartthemwithafullcapacityforcreativeproblemsolving?”（那么，如果我們想以創(chuàng)造性地解決問題的全部能力來開始我們的早晨，我們會(huì)是什么樣子呢？）本段開頭提出了如何解決問題的疑問，后文都是在提出建議，比如提早起身、洗熱水澡、做深呼吸等，所以最后一段主要提供實(shí)質(zhì)性的建議，故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?”Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.____10____Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?____11____First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.____12____So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectiveskeepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.____13____Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan’tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.____14____Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercomethemwithoutenoughmotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.A.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.B.Communicationhelpstounderstandeachother.C.Thiscanaffectyourwork.D.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofsamecoin.E.Sowhyshouldwetrytofindsupportingevidence?F.Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?G.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.〖答案〗10.D11.F12.C13.A14.G【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)的關(guān)系以及如何激發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)并設(shè)定切實(shí)可行的目標(biāo)。【10題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.”（沒有動(dòng)機(jī)，你就既不能設(shè)定目標(biāo)，也無法實(shí)現(xiàn)它。）所以空處應(yīng)該講述動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)的關(guān)系。D項(xiàng)“動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)設(shè)定是同一枚硬幣的兩面。”提到了動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)是互補(bǔ)的，切題，故選D?！?1題詳析】上文“Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?”（那你該怎么激勵(lì)自己呢？）以問題形式提出你應(yīng)該如何激勵(lì)自己，后文“First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.”（首先，你需要評(píng)估你自己，你的價(jià)值觀，你的長(zhǎng)處，你的弱點(diǎn)，你的成就，你的欲望，等等。）提出了激勵(lì)自己的方式，因而空處應(yīng)承接上文，繼續(xù)以問題的形式提出如何保持動(dòng)機(jī)來實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“更重要的是，你應(yīng)該如何保持動(dòng)機(jī)去實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)？”，切題，故選F。【12題詳析】上文“Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.”（有時(shí)候你的心不在工作上。），提到對(duì)待工作你有心不在焉的時(shí)刻。下文說“So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.”（所以，減慢速度，想一想那時(shí)候，你到底想干什么。），所以設(shè)空處應(yīng)承上啟下，講述你的心不在焉會(huì)影響工作，引出下文相應(yīng)的應(yīng)對(duì)策略。C選項(xiàng)“這會(huì)影響你的工作”切題，故選C?！?3題詳析】上文“Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.”（記得，目標(biāo)是靈活的。）可知，目標(biāo)是靈活的。因而空處應(yīng)該承接上文，講述目標(biāo)靈活的表現(xiàn)是如何的。A選項(xiàng)“它們會(huì)根據(jù)環(huán)境的改變而改變?！鼻蓄}，故選A。【14題詳析】上文“Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan’tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.”（你可能想當(dāng)一名飛行員，但是不能成為一名飛行員，因?yàn)槟愕囊暳Σ粔蚝?。）說明了阻礙你實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的原因是因?yàn)樽约旱囊暳?，即你的身體的缺陷。下文“Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.”（你應(yīng)該重新評(píng)估你的目標(biāo)，并且設(shè)定一個(gè)新的目標(biāo)。），講述了我們要實(shí)時(shí)得做出改變，設(shè)定自己的新的目標(biāo)。因而該空承上啟下，講述對(duì)于自己的缺陷不要?dú)怵H。G選項(xiàng)“然而，這不應(yīng)該使你氣餒?！鼻蓄}，故選G。第二部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，40分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。DaleCarnegierosefromtheunknownofaMissourifarmtointernationalfamebecausehefoundawaytofillauniversalhumanneed.Itwasaneedthathefirstrecognizedbackin1906whenyoungDalewasajunioratStateTeachersCollegeinWarrensburg.Togetaneducation,hewasstrugglingagainstmany____15____.Hisfamilywaspoor.HisDadcouldn’t____16____theboardatcollege,soDalehadtoridehorseback12milestoattendclasses.Hewithdrew(退出)frommanyschoolactivitiesbecausehedidn’thavethetimeorthe____17____.Hehadonlyonegoodsuit.Hetriedforthefootballteam,butthecoachturnedhimdownforbeingtoo____18____.DuringthisperiodDalewasslowlydevelopinganinferioritycomplex(自卑感),whichhismotherknewcould____19____himfromachievinghisrealpotential.She____20____thatDalejointhedebatingteambecauseshebelievedthatpracticeinspeakingcouldgivehimthe____21____andtherecognitionthatheneeded.Daletookhismother’sadvice,triedhardandafterseveralattempts____22____madeit.Thisprovedtobea____23____pointinhislife.BythetimeDalewasasenior,he____24____everytophonorinspeech.Outofthisearlystruggletoovercomehisfeelingsofinferiority,Dalecametounderstandthattheabilitytoexpressanideatoanaudiencebuildsaperson’sconfidence.And,withit,Daleknewhecoulddoanythinghewantedtodo-andsocouldothers.15.A.shortcomings B.thoughts C.difficulties D.enemies16.A.afford B.choose C.occupy D.change17.A.talents B.clothes C.permits D.hobbies18.A.outgoing B.flexible C.optimistic D.light19.A.protect B.prevent C.save D.free20.A.insisted B.demanded C.suggested D.required21.A.progress B.experience C.praise D.confidence22.A.finally B.certainly C.hopefully D.naturally23.A.breaking B.turning C.ending D.linking24.A.hadtouched B.hadnoticed C.hadwon D.hadpicked〖答案〗15.C16.A17.B18.D19.B20.C21.D22.A23.B24.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了DaleCarnegie（戴爾?卡耐基）從不為人所知，到享有國(guó)際聲譽(yù)的成功故事．他年輕時(shí)因?yàn)榧依锔F不得不每天往返12英里求學(xué)．后來他聽從母親的建議，學(xué)習(xí)演講，從而獲得自信，最終成為成功的演說家．文章旨在告訴我們自信心的重要性，有了自信，我們就可以做到我們想做的任何事情．【15題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了接受教育，他與許多困難作斗爭(zhēng)。A.shortcomings缺陷；B.thoughts想法；C.difficulties困難的事情；D.enemies敵人。結(jié)合下文“Hisfamilywaspoor.”及“Dalehadtoridehorseback12milestoattendclasses.Hewithdrew(退出)frommanyschoolactivities”可知，他的家庭是貧窮的。因此他上學(xué)接受教育要克服很多的困難。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的父親負(fù)擔(dān)不起大學(xué)的伙食費(fèi)，所以戴爾不得不騎馬12英里去上課。A.afford支付得起；B.choose選擇；C.occupy占據(jù)；D.change改變。結(jié)合上文“Hisfamilywaspoor.”可知，家里窮，所以付不起大學(xué)里的伙食費(fèi)。故選A。【17題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他退出了許多學(xué)?；顒?dòng)，因?yàn)樗葲]有時(shí)間也沒有衣服。A.talents天賦；B.clothes衣服；C.permits許可；D.hobbies愛好。結(jié)合下文“Hehadonlyonegoodsuit.”可知，他沒有好的衣服。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他想加入足球隊(duì)，但教練因?yàn)樗p而拒絕了他。A.outgoing外向的；B.flexible靈活的；C.optimistic樂觀的；D.light輕的。結(jié)合上文“Hisfamilywaspoor.”可知，他因?yàn)樨毟F，生活艱苦，長(zhǎng)得比較瘦弱．故選D?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在此期間，戴爾逐漸形成了一種自卑情結(jié)，他的母親知道這種情結(jié)會(huì)阻礙他發(fā)揮自己的真正潛能。A.protect保護(hù)；B.prevent阻止；預(yù)防；C.save節(jié)??；解救；D.free釋放。根據(jù)上文“Dalewasslowlydevelopinganinferioritycomplex(自卑感)”可知，他的媽媽知道，這種自卑感將阻止他發(fā)揮他真正的潛能。preventsbfromdoingsth為固定搭配，意為“阻止某人做某事”，故選B?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她建議戴爾加入辯論隊(duì)，因?yàn)樗嘈啪毩?xí)說話可以給他所需要的信心和認(rèn)可。A.insisted堅(jiān)持；B.demanded要求；C.suggested建議；D.required要求。根據(jù)第三段中的第一句中“Daletookhismother’sadvice”可知，他的媽媽建議他參加辯論隊(duì)，suggest表示“建議”時(shí)后接從句，從句為虛擬語氣，用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，故選C?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.progress進(jìn)步；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.praise贊揚(yáng)；D.confidence信心。根據(jù)希下文“andtherecognitionthatheneeded”可知，此處指媽媽相信練習(xí)說話可以給他所需要的信心和認(rèn)可。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：戴爾接受了母親的建議，努力嘗試，經(jīng)過幾次嘗試后終于成功了。A.finally終于；B.certainly無疑地；確定地；C.hopefully懷有希望地；如果順利的話；D.naturally自然地。根據(jù)上文“Daletookhismother’sadvice,triedhardandafterseveralattempts”可知，不斷地嘗試，終于他成功了。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這被證明是他人生的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。A.breaking破裂的；B.turning轉(zhuǎn)折的；C.ending結(jié)束的；D.linking連接的。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容Dale形成自卑以及第三段中madeit“他成功了”可知，這是他人生的“轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)”，turningpoint“轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)”，符合語境．故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：到戴爾大四的時(shí)候，他已經(jīng)在演講中贏得了所有的最高榮譽(yù)。A.hadtouched觸摸；B.hadnoticed注意到；C.hadwon贏得；D.hadpicked挑選。結(jié)合下文“everytophonorinspeech”可知，此處指他贏得了所有的最高榮譽(yù)。故選C。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給〖提示〗詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出〖提示〗詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。YuanLongpingwasbornin1930.Hisparentswantedhimtopursueacareerinscienceormedicine.However,____25____concernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.Hechosetostudyagriculture.Heconductedresearchanddevelopedhybridrice.YuanLongpingisoneofChina’smostfamous____26____(scientist)andheisknownasthe“fatherofhybridrice”.HisslimbutstrongbodyisjustlikethatofmillionsofChinesefarmers,to____27____hehasdevotedhislife.〖答案〗25.what26.scientists27.whom【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇人物傳記。文章敘述了袁隆平為什么選擇農(nóng)業(yè)研究以及他的成就和影響?！?5題詳析】考查主語從句。句意：然而，最令他擔(dān)憂的是，農(nóng)民經(jīng)常收成不佳，有時(shí)甚至嚴(yán)重缺乏食物。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此句為主語從句，從句concernedhimmost缺主語，用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。故填what?！?6題詳析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：袁隆平是中國(guó)最著名的科學(xué)家之一，他被稱為“雜交水稻之父”。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，oneof后面名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式作介詞of的賓語。故填scientists?！?7題詳析】考查非限制性定語從句。句意：他纖瘦但強(qiáng)壯的身體就像數(shù)百萬中國(guó)農(nóng)民一樣，他為他們奉獻(xiàn)了一生。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此句為非限制性定語從句。先行詞為millionsofChinesefarmers，在從句作介詞to的賓語，用關(guān)系代詞whom。故填whom。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給〖提示〗詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出〖提示〗詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。WhenmyfamilyandIhadjustarrivedinChina,wewentlookingforagoodplacetoeatinBeijing.ASichuanrestaurant____28____(recommend)tousbyafriend,andfinally,wefoundit.____29____(tire),hungry,andnotknowingawordofChinese,wehadnoideahowtoorder,sothechefjustbeganfillingourtablewiththebestfoodwehadevereaten.Withthis,wehadthepleasureofexperiencingan____30____(entire)newtaste:Sichuanpeppercorns.Thefoodwaswonderfulanddifferent,butwhatwaseven____31____(important)wasthefriendshipofferedus.〖答案〗28.hadbeenrecommended29.Tired30.entirely31.moreimportant【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者一家在北京吃飯的一次經(jīng)歷。【28題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：一個(gè)朋友給我們推薦了一家四川菜館，最后我們找到了?？仗幵诰渲袨橹^語，結(jié)合句中found可知，動(dòng)作表示過去之過去，restaurant與動(dòng)詞recommend為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以此處用過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填hadbeenrecommended。【29題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：我們又累又餓，又不會(huì)說一句中文，根本不知道怎么點(diǎn)菜，于是大廚就開始給我們的餐桌上擺滿了我們吃過的最好吃的食物。分析可知，此處為形容詞作狀語，主語為we，所以此處用-ed的形容詞，tired“感到累的”，因處于句首，首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Tired?！?0題詳析】考查副詞。句意：有了這個(gè)，我們有幸體驗(yàn)了一種全新的味道：四川花椒。副詞修飾形容詞，此處用副詞entirely修飾形容詞new，故填entirely。【31題詳析】考查比較級(jí)。句意：食物很美味，與眾不同，但更重要的是給予我們的友誼。根據(jù)空前even以及句意可知，此處用比較級(jí)。important“重要的”為多音節(jié)詞，其比較級(jí)為moreimportant，故填moreimportant。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給〖提示〗詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出〖提示〗詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Steamboats,rowingboatsandgondolasarethetransportationvehicleswhichserveeitheras“buses”or“taxis”forthisspecialcity.Themostinterestingthingaboutthetripis____32____wetookatourbygondola,asmallnarrowboat.Itissimilar____33____ourdragonboat.Itismadefromeightdifferentwoodspeciesand280pieces.Thegondolawhichwetookwasbeautifullyequippedwithbrightredchairsforfivepeople.____34____(bath)inthesunshine,watchingthewatersoftlykissingthestonesofthebuildings,Ifeltharmonyandsatisfaction.〖答案〗32.that33.to34.Bathed【導(dǎo)讀】本文是一片游記。文章講述了作者乘坐威尼斯運(yùn)河上行駛的貢多拉小船游覽沿途風(fēng)光以及簡(jiǎn)要介紹這種小船的特點(diǎn)?！?2題詳析】考查表語從句。句意：這次旅行最有趣的事情是我們乘坐貢多拉游覽，這是一種窄窄的小船。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語部分是“Themostinterestingthingaboutthetrip(這次旅行最有趣的事情是)”，“is”是謂語動(dòng)詞，空格后面是一個(gè)完整句子“wetookatourbygondola,asmallnarrowboat.(我們乘貢多拉游覽了一番，這是一種小船)”其中“asmallnarrowboat”是“gondola”的同位語。系動(dòng)詞后面接的的表語從句，而且不缺成分句意完整，只是起連接作用所以用連接詞that。故填that?！?3題詳析】考查介詞。句意：它類似于我們的龍舟。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句中包含固定短語“besimilarto”意思是“與……相似”，填空處缺少介詞。故填to?！?4題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：沐浴在陽光下，看著水溫柔地親吻著建筑物的石頭，我感到和諧和滿足。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主句部分“Ifeltharmonyandsatisfaction.(我感到和諧和滿足)”主謂結(jié)構(gòu)完整。說明“bath”作為動(dòng)詞表示“沐浴”的意思，在本句是非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法，作狀語成分，而且短語“bebathedin”表示“沐浴于、被……籠罩”的意思，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Bathed。第三節(jié)選詞填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)根據(jù)句意，選擇方框中的單詞，用其正確的形式填入下列句子的空白處，每個(gè)單詞只能使用一次。ambition,ideal,decrease,proof,widespread,cooperate,overcome,cafeteria,suspect,involve35.JohnSnow________thatthewaterpumpwastoblame.36.Theyoungman________enormousdifficultiesandwontheOlympicgoldmedallastyear.37.Chemicalpesticidesandartificialfertilisershavebeenin________useinfarmingsincethemiddleofthe20thcentury.38.Aswellasstudyinghard,I’vebeen________insocialactivities.39.Peopleshould________theamountoffattheyeat.40.The________dietisabalancedone,withouttoomuchortoolittleofanyonething.41.Inmyyouthmy________hadbeentobeaninventor.42.Weshouldlearnto________witheachotherandmakeprogresstogether.43.Hotandcoldfoodisavailableinthe________.44.Theseresultsareafurther________ofhisoutstandingability.〖答案〗35.suspected36.overcame37.widespread38.involved39.decrease40.ideal41.ambition42.cooperate43.cafeteria44.proof【35題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：約翰·斯諾懷疑水泵是罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。根?jù)句意此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)態(tài)且是主動(dòng)語態(tài)，后面加that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，此處表示約翰·斯諾對(duì)于水泵的態(tài)度。suspect“懷疑”為動(dòng)詞，此處應(yīng)使用其過去時(shí)態(tài)。故填suspected。【36題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這個(gè)年輕人克服了巨大的困難，在去年贏得了奧運(yùn)會(huì)金牌。根據(jù)后文的enormousdifficulties可知，此處應(yīng)填克服，克服巨大的困難overcomeenormousdifficulties，overcome“克服”為動(dòng)詞，在這里應(yīng)使用overcome的過去時(shí)態(tài)和won并列。故填overcame?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：自20世紀(jì)中期以來，化學(xué)農(nóng)藥和人工肥料在農(nóng)業(yè)中廣泛使用。根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)表示廣泛的使用。該空應(yīng)用形容詞形式修飾use。widespread“廣泛的，普遍的”為形容詞，符合句意。故填widespread?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：除了努力學(xué)習(xí)，我還積極參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)。結(jié)合句意此處應(yīng)表示參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)。involve“涉及，卷入”為動(dòng)詞，此處使用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)，havebeeninvolvedin已被卷入，引申為參加。故填involved。【39題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：人們應(yīng)該減少自己攝入的脂肪量。結(jié)合下文theamount可知表示量的多少。結(jié)合句意，人們應(yīng)減少攝入的脂肪量。另外，該空位于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后，應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞原形。decrease“減少”為動(dòng)詞，符合句意。故填decrease。【40題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：理想的飲食是均衡的，任何一種食物都不能過多或過少。根據(jù)句意表達(dá)理想的飲食是均衡的，此處位于diet之前，應(yīng)用形容詞作定語修飾diet。ideal“理想的，完美的”為形容詞，符合句意。故填ideal?！?1題詳析】考查名詞。句意：我年輕時(shí)的志向是成為一名發(fā)明家。根據(jù)句意成為發(fā)明家應(yīng)該是作者年輕時(shí)的志向。ambition“志向”為名詞，符合句意且在句中作主語。ambition表具體的理想時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示我年輕時(shí)的一個(gè)志向。故填ambition?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)相互合作，共同進(jìn)步。根據(jù)句意，我們應(yīng)該互相學(xué)習(xí)什么才可以共同進(jìn)步，cooperate“合作”為動(dòng)詞，learntodosth學(xué)習(xí)做某事，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用其原形。故填cooperate?！?3題詳析】考查名詞。句意：自助餐廳提供冷熱食物。根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的詞匯。cafeteria“自助餐廳”為名詞，符合句意。故填cafeteria。【44題詳析】考查名詞。句意：這些成績(jī)進(jìn)一步證明了他卓越的能力。根據(jù)空格處前的further可知空格處應(yīng)填名詞。結(jié)合句意，此處應(yīng)填of“證明”為名詞，根據(jù)afurther可知，此處應(yīng)使用名詞的單數(shù)。故填proof。第三部分：書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第45、46小題各2分，第47小題3分，第48小題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Therearemanyplacestogoonsafari(觀賞野生動(dòng)物)inAfrica,butridingahorsethroughthefloodedwatersofBotswana’sOkavangoDeltamustrankasoneoftheworld’smostexcitingwildlifejourneys.Severalsafaricampsoperateasthebaseforthisadventure,providinguniqueridestwiceadaytoexploredeepintothedelta.Thecampshaveexcellenthorses,professionalguidesandlotsofsupportworkers.Theyhaveareputation(名聲)forprovidingagreatridingexperience.Themorningride,whentheguidestakeyoutobeautiful,shallowlakesfullofwaterlilies,tendstobemoreactive.Itisunlikeanyotherridingexperience.Withrainbowsforminginthesplashingwateraroundyouandthesoundofhugedropsofwaterbouncingoffyourbodyandface,itistrulyexciting.Youareverylikelytocomeacrosslargewildanimals,too.Onhorsebackitispossibletogetquiteclosetoelephants,giraffesandmanyotheranimals.Thesenseofexcitementandtensionlevelsrisesuddenlythough,asdoesyourheartrate,asyoumoveclosertothem.Intheevening,ridesareusuallyatamorerelaxedandunhurriedpace.Withgoldenlightstreamingacrossthegrassydeltaandtheanimalscomingouttoeatanddrink.Sedatethoughtheyare,ridesatthistimeofdayarestillveryimpressive.Asthesun’srayspassthroughthedustkickedupbythehorses,theromanceofAfricacomestolife.Backatthecampyoucankickoffyourbootsandenjoyexcellentfoodandwine.Lookingbackonyourday,youwillfindithardtodenythatahorsebacksafariisascloseasyouwillevercometoansweringthecallofthewild.45.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inParagraph2referto?________________46.Howdoesatouristfeelwhenheorshemovesclosertothewildanimalsonhorseback?________________47.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.ThepassagetellsusabouttheridingexperienceintheOkavangoDeltaandtheauthorintroducesitmainlybyfollowingspaceorder.________________48.Pleaseintroducethemostexcitingtripyou’veevertaken.(Inabout40words)________________〖答案〗45.Severalsafaricamps.46.He/Shemayfeelexcited,nervousandhis/herheartratemaybeaccelerated.47.ThepassagetellsusabouttheridingexperienceintheOkavangoDeltaandtheauthorintroducesitmainlybyfollowingspaceorder.Accordingtothepassage,thepassagetellsusabouttheridingexperienceintheOkavangoDeltaandtheauthorintroducesitmainlybyfollowingtimeorder.48.IhadanexcitingtriptoDisneylandwithmyfriends,whichisoneofthemostfamousthemeparksintheworld.Inthepark,wedidsomemeaningfulandventuresomeactivitiesthere,suchasRollerCoasterandAdventureIsland,whicharethrillingandunforgettable.【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了非洲觀賞野生動(dòng)物的野營(yíng)的項(xiàng)目?！?5題詳析】考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段“Severalsafaricampsoperateasthebaseforthisadventure,providinguniqueridestwiceadaytoexploredeepintothedelta.Thecampshaveexcellenthorses,professionalguidesandlotsofsupportworkers.(幾個(gè)狩獵營(yíng)地作為這次冒險(xiǎn)的基地，每天提供兩次獨(dú)特的游樂設(shè)施，深入三角洲進(jìn)行探索。營(yíng)地有優(yōu)秀的馬匹，專業(yè)的導(dǎo)游和許多輔助人員。)”由此可猜測(cè)出they指代上文提到的幾個(gè)狩獵營(yíng)地，故〖答案〗為Severalsafaricamps.【46題詳析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段“Onhorsebackitispossib