代詞完整版本

代詞中考總復(fù)習(xí)之代詞的分類(lèi)中考說(shuō)明及要求：

人稱(chēng)代詞

PersonalPronouns

物主代詞PossessivePronouns

反身代詞SelfPronouns

不定代詞IndefinitePronouns

指示代詞DemonstrativePronouns

疑問(wèn)代詞InterrogativePronouns

人稱(chēng)代詞分為:第一,第二,第三人稱(chēng),而且有單復(fù)數(shù)之分.人稱(chēng)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱(chēng)Imeweus第二人稱(chēng)youyouyouyou第三人稱(chēng)hehimtheythemsheheritit人稱(chēng)代詞主格：作主語(yǔ)，表示誰(shuí)怎么樣了、干什么了。Iamateacher.Youarestudents.Heisastudent,too.We/You/Theyarestudents.I(賓格)

_____she(賓格)______we(賓格)______It(主格)______them(主格)_____him(主格)_____She(復(fù)數(shù))_____us(單數(shù))_______I(復(fù)數(shù))_______Him(復(fù)數(shù))_____you(單數(shù))_____看誰(shuí)寫(xiě)得快哦I(賓格)

me

she(賓格)herwe(賓格)us

It(主格)_itthem(主格)__theyhim(主格)_he

She(復(fù)數(shù))__they

us(單數(shù))_me

I(復(fù)數(shù))_we

Him(復(fù)數(shù))_them

you(單數(shù))_you

你對(duì)嗎?

1.主格代詞常作主語(yǔ)、賓格代詞常作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。

Theyalllikehimverymuch.

他們都很喜歡他。

Shegavethebookstoyouandme.

這些書(shū)是她送給你和我的。

we

are

worriedabouther.在部分動(dòng)詞+副詞結(jié)構(gòu)的短語(yǔ)中，如果賓語(yǔ)是代詞,要用賓格，并且要放在中間如：trythemontakeitoffwritethemdown在主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)句型中，如果直接賓語(yǔ)是代詞，要用如下句型：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)+to/for+間接賓語(yǔ)Hegaveittome.不能說(shuō)hegavemeit.Heboughtitforme.不能說(shuō)heboughtmeit.

2.人稱(chēng)代詞在作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，用賓格

Who’sknockingatthedoor?–It’sme.

誰(shuí)敲門(mén)？-是我。

3.人稱(chēng)代詞在并列使用時(shí)的順序?yàn)椤暗诙朔Q(chēng)，第三人稱(chēng)，第一人稱(chēng)”

You,sheandIallenjoythemusic.

你我她都喜歡音樂(lè)。復(fù)數(shù)并列按我們、你們、他們的順序排列：we,youandthey.如果是承擔(dān)責(zé)任，說(shuō)話者吧I放在第一位。IandliMingmidtookthetimewhenwewouldleave.4、在比較狀語(yǔ)從句中，在不引起誤解的前提下，有時(shí)賓格代詞代替主格代詞（尤其是其后跟有同位語(yǔ)all時(shí)）HeistallthanI(me).Heistallerthanusall.若可能引起誤解，就不能用賓格代替主格HelikesplayingpingpongbetterthanI.Helikesplayingpingpongbetterthanme.

5.she可以用來(lái)代表國(guó)家、船只、大地、月亮等

Weloveourmotherland,wehopeshe’llbestrongerandbigger.

我們熱愛(ài)我們的祖國(guó),我們希望她更強(qiáng)大。

Theshipisleaving.She’sonherfirsttriptoBoston.

輪船要起航了。這是她第一次去波士頓。

6.it作為人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)，可以表示天氣、距離、時(shí)間、環(huán)境等

What’theweatherliketoday?–It’swindy.

今天的天氣怎么樣？-有風(fēng)。

It’saboutfiveminutes’walkfromhometoschool.

從家到學(xué)校的路程大約5分鐘。It代替前文提到的人物、事件。如：whoisit?It’smeDon’treadinthesun.It’sbadforyoureyes.It代替指示代詞thisthat.What’sthis?It’sacomputer.

.It可作為形式主語(yǔ)，將不定式、動(dòng)名詞等構(gòu)成的主語(yǔ)后移，使句子顯得平穩(wěn)

It’shardtoreachtheapples.

很難夠到蘋(píng)果。

It’sgoodforyoutakingawalkaftersupper.

對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)飯后散步是有好處的。It作形式賓語(yǔ)。Idon’titpossibletolearnEnglishwellwithouthardwork.物主代詞

數(shù)

人稱(chēng)類(lèi)別單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)形容詞性物主代詞myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性物主代詞mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs意思我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他（她、它）們的填寫(xiě)代詞表例:I

it

we

me

youthem

my

his

your

mine

hers例:I

you

he

she

it

weyouthey

me

you

him

her

it

usyouthem

myyour

his

her

itsour

yourtheir

mineyours

his

hers

itsoursyourstheirs

1.形容詞性物主代詞在句中只能作定語(yǔ)

Mybrotherisaworker.

我弟弟是個(gè)工人。

Hisparentsareveryfriendly.

他的父母非常友善。

3.形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的關(guān)系：

形容詞性物主代詞+名詞=名詞性物主代詞注意：名詞性物主代詞在句中所指代的關(guān)系是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。Thesebooksaren'tours.Oursarenew.

(ourbooks=ours)Thisisnotourroom.Oursisoverthere.(ourroom=ours)

4.“of+名詞性物主代詞”表示所屬

Asisterofhis

isanurse.

他的一個(gè)妹妹是個(gè)護(hù)士。

Tomis

afriendofmine

我的一個(gè)朋友用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~形式填空

1.

Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.

(I)

2.

Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.

(she)

3.

Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I)

4.

_________ismybrother._________nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_________.(he)

5.

_________dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare_________?(you)

6.

Herearemanydolls,whichoneis_________?

(she)

7.

Icanfindmytoy,butwhere’s_________?(you)

8.

Show_________yourkite,OK?(they)

9.

Ihaveabeautifulcat._________nameisKitty.Thesecakesare_________.(it)10.

Arethese_________tickets?No,_________arenot_________._________aren’there.(they)

Choosetherightanswers.(1)Maryis______(my,I)sister.(2)______(He,Him)taught______(our,us)English.(3)Ihaveacat,_______(its,it’s)nameisDick.(4)Tomisafriendof_______(my,mine).(6)Katelost_her

____(she,her)bike.(7)Yourlivingroomisverybig,butmine_____(my,mine)israthersmall.(8)Isthisruleryours

_______?(yours,your)myHeusitsmineTryitout

1.Isthisyourfootball,boys?No,itisnot____A.yoursB.ourC.mineD.ours2.Thebirdbuilds____nestinthetree.A.herB.itsC.it’sD.hers3.WelikeMr.Greenbecauseheoftentells

______funnystoriesinclass.

A.we

B.us

C.our D.ours反身代詞單數(shù)

myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself復(fù)數(shù)

ourselves yourselvesthemselves

1.反身代詞在句中可以作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)

Hethinksmoreofothersthanofhimself.

他想到別人比想到自己更多一些。

Thatpoorboywasmyself.

那個(gè)可憐的孩子就是我自己。

Hehimselfwasadoctor.

他本人就是一個(gè)大夫。

Imyself

canworktheproblemout.

我能親自算出這道題

2.反身代詞有以下常見(jiàn)搭配

enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime

byoneself=alone

helponeselfto…

learnsth.byoneself

=teachoneselfsth.

注意：oneself有單復(fù)數(shù)之分

*Ienjoymyself.*Children,helpyourselvestosomefish.不定代詞

不是指明代替特定名詞（或形容詞）的代詞

all,each,every,both,either,neithernone,one,little,few,many,muchother,another,some,any,no

由some,any,no,every等構(gòu)成的合成代詞幾組在用法上容易混淆的不定代詞

1.some/any

some（一些,某）一般用于肯定句中

Therearesomeflowersinfrontofthehouse.

any（一些,任何）多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句

Doyouhaveanypicture-books?

注意：some有時(shí)也可用于表示請(qǐng)求、征求意見(jiàn)的疑問(wèn)句中

Wouldyoulikesomemeat?

你想要些肉嗎？

MayIasksomequestions?

我可以問(wèn)問(wèn)題嗎？

CouldIhavesomeapples?

我可以吃蘋(píng)果嗎？

Willyougivemesomewater?

你能給我些水嗎？2.many/much

many

修飾或指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞

Therearemanyeggsinthebasket.Manyofuslikeplayinggames.

much修飾或指代不可數(shù)名詞

Hedoesn’tknowmuchEnglish.

3.another/other

another泛指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上中的另一個(gè)

Idon’twantthiscoat.Pleaseshowmeanother.

other后面接名詞，泛指別的、其他的

Doyouhaveanyotherquestions?4.theother/others/theotherstheother

1.特指兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)

Hehastwosons.Oneisaworker,theotherisadoctor.

2.修飾名詞，特指另一個(gè)、另一些

Tomlikesswimming,andtheotherboysinhisclasslikeswimming,too.

others泛指其他的人或物

Heoftenhelpsothers.Someareplayingbasketball,othersareplayingfootball.theothers特指確定范圍內(nèi)剩下的全部人或物

Therearefiftystudentsinourclass.Twentyofthemaregirls,theothersareboys.5.few/afew/little/alittlefew/afew

修飾可數(shù)名詞

little/alittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞

few,little

表示否定意義,譯為“沒(méi)有幾個(gè)”，“沒(méi)有多少”

afew,alittle表示肯定意義,譯為“有幾個(gè)”，“有一點(diǎn)”

6.every/each

every＋單數(shù)名詞,表示“每一個(gè)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)共性、整體,只作定語(yǔ),形式上為單數(shù).不與of連用

Everychildlikesplayinggames.

each表示“每一個(gè)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)性,作定語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ),常與of連用

Eachstudentwasaskedtotryagain.

Eachofthemhasaniceskirt.

7.all/none

all“(全部)都”,表示三者或三者以上，作同位語(yǔ)時(shí),一般放在連系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞之后,行為動(dòng)詞之前

WeareallfromCanada.

TheyalllikeEnglish.

none“沒(méi)有”,表示三者或三者以上都不,后常跟介詞of（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單、復(fù)數(shù)均可）

Noneofusis/areafraidofdogs.

8.both/either/neither

both“（兩者）都”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)看作復(fù)數(shù)；作定語(yǔ)時(shí)后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)

Myparentsarebothteachers.

=Bothofmyparentsareteachers.

neither“(兩者)都不”,含有否定意義，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù);作定語(yǔ)時(shí)后跟名詞單數(shù)

Neitheranswerisright.

either“兩者中任何一個(gè)”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù);作定語(yǔ)時(shí)后跟名詞單數(shù)

Therearetreesoneithersideofthestreet.=Therearetreesonbothsidesofthestreet.

有關(guān)詞組及應(yīng)用

bothof/eitherof/neitherofBothofthemswimwell.

他們倆都游得很好。

EitherofyougoestoBeijing.

你們倆隨便誰(shuí)去北京都可以。

Neitherofthemstoppedtohavearest.

他們倆誰(shuí)都不停下來(lái)休息。

both…and（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式）

either…or/neither…nor(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循就近原則)

BothTomandLucyareinGradeTwo.

Tom和Lucy都在二年級(jí)。

Eithermyfatherormymothercooksathome.

或者我爸爸或者我媽媽在家燒飯。

NeitherhenorIamfreetoday.

我和他今天都沒(méi)空。

9.Something/anything/nothing

Somebody/anybody/nobody當(dāng)形容詞修飾這些不定代詞時(shí)，常后置

Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythingelseinthebox?

Nobodycananswerthequestion.指示代詞

表示空間和時(shí)間遠(yuǎn)近關(guān)系的代詞包括:this/that(單數(shù))these/those(復(fù)數(shù))1.this,these指在方位上較近的人或物

that,those指在方位上較遠(yuǎn)的人或物

Thisismyshirt,that’syours.

TheseTVsaremadeinChina,thosearemadeinJapan.

2.that,those常指前面提過(guò)的東西,以免重復(fù)*Theseboxesareheavierthanthoseonthedesk.3.剛才提到的事情，在英文中用that*Hewasillyesterday.I’msorrytohearthat.疑問(wèn)代詞

用來(lái)構(gòu)成特殊疑問(wèn)句的代詞常見(jiàn)有：whowhomwhosewhatwhich

通常做主語(yǔ)\賓語(yǔ)\定語(yǔ)\表語(yǔ)

Whatmakesyouthinklikethat?\做主語(yǔ)\

Who(Whom)wereyoutalkingwith?\做賓語(yǔ)\

WhichbusdoIneed?\做定語(yǔ)\

What’syourfather?\做表語(yǔ)\注意：在口語(yǔ)中，Who和Whom通用，但在介詞后只能用Whom

Withwhomdidheplaygames?Withwhodidheplaygames?(錯(cuò))(重慶市2008年)

WelikeMr.Greenbecauseheoftentells______funnystoriesinclass.A.we B.us C.our D.oursB(重慶市2008年)

—Whenshallwegotothemuseum,thisafternoonortomorrowmorning?—______isOK.I’mfreethesedays.A.Both B.All C.Either D.NeitherC(2008年天津市)—Is_____here? —No,JohnandBobhaveaskedforleave.A.nobody B.anybody C.somebody D.everybodyDTryitout()1Isthisyourfootball,boys?No,itisnot____A.yoursB.ourC.mineD.ours()2Thebirdbuilds____nestinthetree.A.herB.itsC.it’sD.hers()3Themathsproblem____iswrong.A.himselfB.heC.itselfD.herselfDBC()4____wanttoseethefilm.AEverystudentBEachstudentCAllofstudentsDAllthestudents()5Alotofpeoplehavetried,but____havesucceeded.A.thefewB.afewC.fewD.little()6____ofthefourroadswilltakeyoutothehospital.A.BothB.NeitherC.AnyD.EitherDCC()7Ihavefivepencils,oneisred,____isblueand___aregreen.A.another,theotherB.theother,othersC.others,theothersD.another,theothers()8Ihavefound____ontheInternet.A.afewinformationsB.alittleinformationsC.afewinformationD.alittleinformationDD()9IhaveChemistryclasses____day,Monday,WednesdayandFriday.A.eachotherB.everyotherC.thisandotherD.allother()10--____isthemanunderthetree?--Jim’sfather.A.WhenB.WhatC.WhereD.WhoBD課堂達(dá)標(biāo)11.Thisstickis____.A.himB.heC.his12.Heisalwaysreadytohelp____.A.anotherB.theotherC.others13.______isJack’saunt.A.HeB.SheC.It14.Shesentseveralcardsto____ofherfriends.A.someB.anyC.no15._____subjectsdoyouhavethisterm?A.WhichB.WhoseC.What16._____ofthemhasacomputer.A.EachB.EveryC.All17.Canyourbrotherlookafter_____?A.himselfB.himC.his8Whichof_____bikesisyours?A.thisB.thatC.these19._____aregoodfriends.A.You,heandIB.She,youandIC.I,youandhe20.Shehasn’tbrought_____pentoday.Willyoulendher_____?A.her,yourB.hers,yoursC.her,yours21.Very_____ofthemknewthehotel.A.fewB.littleC.afew22.Thejacketistooshort.Pleaseshowme____.A.otherB.anotherC.one23.Somecitypeoplegrowvegetables_____.A.herselfB.himselfC.themselves用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。Iamastudent._____nameisLily.Ioftenteach________English.2.Tomistooyoung.Pleaselookafter________.3.Heisfourteen._____nameisTom.Thisbookis____.Hecanlookafter_______.4.We’llgofishinglater.Wouldyouliketocomewith______?5.Lookingattheboys._