新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)考向62 語法填空之解答并列句 復(fù)合句與特殊句式類填空的6策略(原卷版)

考向62語法填空解答并列句/復(fù)合句/特殊句式類填空的6策略宏觀分析解答此類題的關(guān)鍵是分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。①如設(shè)空前后是并列的單詞、短語或句子，應(yīng)用并列連詞，利用句意、邏輯關(guān)系和固定結(jié)構(gòu)考慮填哪個并列連詞。②如果所填詞引導(dǎo)的從句與空前部分為修飾與被修飾關(guān)系，則為定語從句。如果關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語、賓語或表語，用關(guān)系代詞；如果關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語，則用關(guān)系副詞。③如果所填詞引導(dǎo)的從句在整個句子中作主語、賓語、表語或同位語，則為名詞性從句。如果連接詞在從句中作主語、賓語或表語，則用連接代詞；如果作狀語，用連接副詞。④如果所填詞引導(dǎo)的從句作狀語，則為狀語從句。要根據(jù)句意以及連接詞在從句中所做的成分來確定合適的連接詞。策略一考查并列連詞——關(guān)系分析法＋搭配法＋句型法【考情再現(xiàn)】1.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theykepttheircollectionathomeeq\a\vs4\al(untilitgottoobig)________eq\a\vs4\al(untiltheydied)，andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.答案與解析or句意：他們把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏變得太大或者自己去世，然后這些藏品被捐給一家博物館。根據(jù)語境可知，設(shè)空前后兩個時間狀語是選擇關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞or，表“或者”，故填or。2.(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)Iworkeq\a\vs4\al(not)becauseIhaveto,________becauseIwantto.答案與解析but句意：我工作不是因為我不得不做，而是因為我想工作。根據(jù)句意邏輯可知，此處為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用but與前文not呼應(yīng)，構(gòu)成not...but...“不是……而eq\a\vs4\al(是……)”之意，故填but。3.(全國卷Ⅲ)InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso－called“ricebowl”culturesofeq\a\vs4\al(China)，eq\a\vs4\al(Japan)，eq\a\vs4\al(Korea)，________eq\a\vs4\al(Vietnam)，foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.答案與解析and幾個國家之間是并列關(guān)系，故用and連接。4.(2020·浙江高考1月卷)It'salsothattheyareonaverageeq\a\vs4\al(healthier)________moreproductiveforlonger.答案與解析and在該句中設(shè)空前的healthier和設(shè)空后的moreproductive是并列關(guān)系，故用并列連詞and。5.(2018·浙江高考11月卷)Smallamountsofcaffeine—eq\a\vs4\al(a)cup________eq\a\vs4\al(two)ofcoffeeaday—seemsafeformostpeople.答案與解析or句意：對于大多數(shù)人來說，少量的咖啡因——每天一杯或者兩杯似乎是安全的。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表“或者”，故填連詞or。6.(廣東高考)Oneday,thecoweq\a\vs4\al(waseating)grass________itbegantorainheavily.答案與解析when句意：一天，這頭奶牛正在吃草，突然下起了大雨。bedoingsth.when...是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“正在做某事這時……”。when是并列連詞，意為“這時……”?！炯记晌Ⅻc】策略二考查定語從句---成分分析法【考情再現(xiàn)】7.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionofeq\a\vs4\al(theBritishMuseum)________openedin1759.答案與解析which/that分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是限定性定語從句，先行詞是theBritishMuseum，從句中缺少主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which/that引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填which/that。8.(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaeq\a\vs4\al(spot)________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.答案與解析where句意：中國首先必須把一顆人造衛(wèi)星送入月球軌道上的一個點，人造衛(wèi)星可以在這個點向航天器和地球發(fā)射信號。分析句子可知，該句是定語從句，先行詞是aspot，指地點，從句中缺少地點狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填where。9.(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyateq\a\vs4\al(thepetshop)inMacclesfield,________sheeq\a\vs4\al(opened)withherlatehusbandLes.答案與解析which句意：現(xiàn)在艾琳阿斯特伯里每天早上9點到下午5點在邁克爾斯菲爾德的寵物店上班，這家店是她和已故的丈夫萊斯一起開的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為thepetshop，指物，關(guān)系詞在非限制性定語從句中作opened一詞的賓語，故填which。10.(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Theywerewelltrainedbytheireq\a\vs4\al(masters)________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.答案與解析who/that句意：它們被他們的主人訓(xùn)練得很好，它們的主人在照看動物方面經(jīng)驗豐富。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為masters(主人)，指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who/that引導(dǎo)定語從句。11.(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeaeq\a\vs4\al(study)publishedin2014________eq\a\vs4\al(showed)amerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.答案與解析that/which句意：該報告中的其中兩名作者在2014年發(fā)表了一項研究，該項研究表明每天只跑5至10分鐘便可以降低患心臟病或由于各種原因?qū)е逻^早死亡的危險。先行詞為study,指物，從句中缺少主語，故用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句。12.(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernmentstartedeq\a\vs4\al(asoil-testingprogramme)________eq\a\vs4\al(gives)specificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.答案與解析that/which定語從句的先行詞是programme,指物，根據(jù)空后的謂語動詞gives可知，從句中缺少主語，故用關(guān)系詞that或which引導(dǎo)定語從句。13.(2020·天津高考5月卷)Mr.Smithownedthisoilpaintinguntileq\a\vs4\al(theearly)eq\a\vs4\al(1990s)，________hegaveittohisgrandson.答案與解析when分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句是非限制性定語從句，先行詞是theearly1990s，指時間，從句中缺少時間狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。14.(2020·江蘇高考)eq\a\vs4\al(Manylessons)arenowavailableonline,from________studentscanchooseforfree.答案與解析which該句是非限制性定語從句，先行詞是manylessons，關(guān)系詞在從句中作介詞from的賓語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)定語從句。15.(2020·天津高考7月卷)eq\a\vs4\al(Dr.Rowan)，________eq\a\vs4\al(secretary)resignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.答案與解析whose分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“________secretaryresignedtwoweeksago”是非限制性定語從句，修飾Dr.Rowan，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，修飾secretary，表示“……的”，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句?！炯记晌Ⅻc】1.分析句子成分是關(guān)鍵2.注意特殊點①當(dāng)先行詞為表示抽象地點的名詞，如point,situation,case,stage等，若在從句中作狀語，用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句；若作主語或賓語，則用關(guān)系代詞that/which。②介詞(短語)后，關(guān)系代詞常用which或whom。③that不用于非限制性定語從句，先行詞為those指人時，用who引導(dǎo)定語從句。策略三考查名詞性從句---兩步法確定連接詞【考情再現(xiàn)】16.(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)eq\a\vs4\al(I'mnotsure)________eq\a\vs4\al(is)morefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.答案與解析who句意：“我”不確定是誰受到了更大的驚嚇，是“我”還是那只不知從哪里突然蹦出來的雌性大猩猩。I'mnotsure后為賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，再結(jié)合后面的范圍meorthefemalegorilla可知，空處表“誰”，故用who引導(dǎo)賓語從句。17.(全國卷Ⅱ)Asnaturalarchitects,thePuebloIndianseq\a\vs4\al(figuredout)exactly________eq\a\vs4\al(thick)theadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.答案與解析how根據(jù)語境和設(shè)空后的形容詞thick可知，應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)賓語從句，表示程度。此處表示要弄清楚到底土坯房的墻需要“多”厚，故填how。18.(2020·浙江高考7月卷)Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesseq\a\vs4\al(on)________eq\a\vs4\al(couldbehunted)orgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.答案與解析what分析句子成分可知，“______couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild”作介詞on的賓語，從句部分缺少主語，又根據(jù)句意，此處指“什么”，故用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句。19.(2020·天津高考7月卷)Thestudentcompletedthisexperimenttoeq\a\vs4\al(make)cometrue________ProfessorJosepheq\a\vs4\al(hadsaid).答案與解析what分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“________ProfessorJosephhadsaid”作make的賓語，該從句中，空處在從句中作said的賓語，表“……所說的話”，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句。20.(2020·江蘇高考)Itisnotaproblem________eq\a\vs4\al(wecanwinthebattle)；it'sjustamatteroftime.答案與解析whether句意：我們能否打贏這場戰(zhàn)斗不是問題；這只是時間問題。根據(jù)下文it'sjustamatteroftime可知，此處指“我們能否打贏這場戰(zhàn)斗不是問題”，it是形式主語，whether引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語。21.(2020·天津高考5月卷)MygrandmotherhelpedmebelievethatIcouldeq\a\vs4\al(accomplish)________Iputmymindeq\a\vs4\al(to).答案與解析whatever分析句子可知，此處是賓語從句連接詞，從句缺少賓語，應(yīng)用連接代詞，此處用“無論什么”符合語境，故填whatever。22.(2019·北京高考)Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan________theyeq\a\vs4\al(go).答案與解析where句意：學(xué)生在大學(xué)里做什么似乎比去哪里(上學(xué))更重要。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表“去哪里上學(xué)”，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作地點狀語。故填where。【技巧微點】1.兩步法確定連接詞2.關(guān)注4個句式①Thatisbecause...“這是因為……”。②Thatiswhy...“這是為什么……”。③Thereasonisthat...“原因是……”。④Thereisnodoubtthat...“毫無疑問……”。策略四考查狀語從句---邏輯判斷法與句型判斷法【考情再現(xiàn)】23.(2020·全國卷Ⅲ)________eq\a\vs4\al(heasked)thevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(傳奇的)artist,theysmiledandpointeddowntheriver.答案與解析When/As句意：當(dāng)他問河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到這位傳奇藝術(shù)家時，他們笑著指著河的下游。本句為時間狀語從句，表“當(dāng)……時候”，且從句中動詞asked為短暫性動作動詞，不能用while引導(dǎo)，故應(yīng)用when或as引導(dǎo)。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填When/As。24.(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Onourwaytothehouse,itwaseq\a\vs4\al(raining)________eq\a\vs4\al(hardthat)wecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.答案與解析so句意：在我們?nèi)ツ亲孔拥穆飞?，雨下得那么大以至于我們不禁想還要多久才能到達(dá)那里。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句含“so...that...”引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，故填so。so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”。25.(2020·江蘇高考)Theydecidetohavemoreworkersfortheproject________eq\a\vs4\al(that)itwon'tbedelayed.答案與解析so句意：他們決定為這項工程增加工人，以免耽擱?？蘸骾twon'tbedelayed是前面采取措施的目的，應(yīng)用sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，且空后已有that，故填so。26.(2020·天津高考7月卷)—Whydopeoplelikepopmusic?Ihateitsomuch.—eq\a\vs4\al(Even)________itisnotyourstyle,thatdoesn'tmeanitisbad.答案與解析though/if前半句說：它不是你的風(fēng)格；后半句說：這并不意味著流行音樂不好。很明顯，前后兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空處引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。設(shè)空前已有Even，故此處是eventhough/if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，故填though/if。27.(2020·天津高考5月卷)________hecouldgivehersympathy,anypracticalhelpwasalmostbeyondhim.答案與解析Although/Though/While句意：雖然他能給她同情，但是他幾乎無法提供任何實際的幫助。前后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用Although/Though/While引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。28.(2019·天津高考)Tomissoindependentthatheeq\a\vs4\al(never)askshisparents'opinion________hewantstheirsupport.答案與解析unless句意：湯姆非常獨立，以至于他從來不征求父母的意見，除非他想得到他們的支持。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用unless“除非”引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。29.(2019·江蘇高考)Thedoctorshareshisphonenumberwiththepatients________eq\a\vs4\al(case)theyneedmedicalassistance.答案與解析in句意：醫(yī)生給了病人他的手機(jī)號碼，以防病人需要醫(yī)療援助。根據(jù)語境結(jié)合設(shè)空后的case可知，此處填in,構(gòu)成incase“以防”引導(dǎo)狀語從句?！炯记晌Ⅻc】1.邏輯判斷法設(shè)空前后兩個句子之間含有一定的邏輯關(guān)系時，利用句意分析確定恰當(dāng)連詞。2.時間先后法，利用時間先后法巧定時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞①動作同時發(fā)生：when,whenever,while,as等。②動作接連發(fā)生：assoonas,theminute,immediately,once等。③先后發(fā)生：before,after等。④動作的延續(xù)：since。⑤動作的終止或開始：till/until。3.句型判斷法根據(jù)記憶對號入座原因狀語從句as,because,since,nowthat地點狀語從句where,wherever目的狀語從句sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase結(jié)果狀語從句sothat,so...that...,such...that...條件狀語從句if,unless,so/aslongas,incase讓步狀語從句though/although/while,as,evenif/though,however,whether...or...,whatever,whoever,nomatterhow/what/which策略五考查祈使句、感嘆句和省略句---句式推理法【考情再現(xiàn)】1.(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmenteq\a\vs4\al(while)(feed)itscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.答案與解析feeding空格處表示正在進(jìn)行的動作，while后面省略掉了Chinais。根據(jù)省略句的原則：在時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、讓步狀語從句中，從句的主語和主句的主語一致且從句中含有be動詞時，可把從句中主語和be動詞一起省略，故填feeding。2.(全國卷Ⅱ)Itcouldbeanything—gardening,cooking,music,sportsbutwhateveritis,eq\a\vs4\al()(make)sureit'sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.答案與解析make分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，并列連詞but連接兩個句子。第二個句子中whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，其后應(yīng)該是主句。祈使句可以充當(dāng)主句，故該空填動詞原形作謂語。3.(上海高考)Iwasimpressedby________eq\a\vs4\al(selfless)shewas.答案與解析how設(shè)空后是形容詞selfless,故應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)感嘆句，同時在句中引導(dǎo)賓語從句?！炯记晌Ⅻc】1.祈使句的4種句式①動詞原形(＋賓語＋其他成分)②Be＋表語，如：Behonest.③Let's/Letusdo/notdosth.④祈使句＋and/or＋簡單句(簡單句謂語用一般將來時)2.感嘆句的3種句式(常與賓語從句結(jié)合在一起考查)①What(＋a/an)＋形容詞＋名詞＋主語＋謂語/系！②How＋形容詞＋a/an＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語/系?、跦ow＋形容詞/副詞＋主語＋系/謂語！3.記準(zhǔn)狀語從句2個省略條件狀語從句如滿足以下2個條件，從句的主語和be動詞可省略。①在when,while,whenever,till,assoonas,if,unless,asif,though,as等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，從句謂語有be動詞。②主句主語與從句主語一致或從句主語是it。策略六考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句和倒裝句---特殊結(jié)構(gòu)確定法【考情再現(xiàn)】4.(2018·天津高考)eq\a\vs4\al(Itwas)onlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse________wesawLilyinthepassengerseat.答案與解析that去掉題干的Itwas和空處后，這個句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍完整，故該句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是時間狀語“onlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse”，故填that。5.(2017·天津高考)________eq\a\vs4\al(was)whenIgotbacktomyapartmenteq\a\vs4\al(that)Ifirstcameacrossmynewneighbours.答案與解析It本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，根據(jù)基本結(jié)構(gòu)“Itis/was...that...”可知，設(shè)空處填I(lǐng)t。6.(江蘇高考)eq\a\vs4\al(Notuntilrecently)________theyencouragethedevelopmentoftourist－relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.答案與解析did句意：直到近期，他們才開始鼓勵農(nóng)村地區(qū)發(fā)展與旅游有關(guān)的活動。notuntil位于句首時，主句需用部分倒裝，此處指過去所發(fā)生的動作，需用一般過去時，故填did?！炯记晌Ⅻc】1.牢記強(qiáng)調(diào)句的3個句式①強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本構(gòu)成：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分＋that/who＋其他部分。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語、賓語和狀語等。②not...until的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis/wasnotuntil...＋that＋其他部分。③助動詞do/does/did＋動詞原形，表“一定/務(wù)必”。2.部分倒裝的3個句式①表否定的短語：atnotime,bynomeans,notuntil,notonly等，置于句首，句子要用部分倒裝語序。②“only＋狀語(從句)”置于句首時，句子(主句)才倒裝；“only＋主語”置于句首，句子不倒裝。③當(dāng)so...that,such...that中的so和such置于句首時，主句主謂部分倒裝?！緳z測訓(xùn)練】1閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MoneybuyshappinessArecentstudycarriedoutbyresearchersattheUniversityofWarwickclaimstoshowconclusivelythatmoneycanbyyouhappiness.Therehasalwaysbeenan1.(assume)thatthemoremoneyyouhave,thehappieryouare,butuntilnowithasbeen2.(surprise)difficulttoprove.Thestudy,whichisbasedonthe3.(respond)of9,000familiesinthe1990s,lookedattheeffectsofwindfalls(意外之財)—suchasalotterywinorthereceiptofaninheritance—4.people’swellbeing.Itfoundthat5.(receive)just￡1,000issufficienttochangetheaverageperson’soutlookonlife,thoughitwouldtakeatleast￡1milliontojumpfrombeingveryunhappyand6.(satisfy)tobeingveryhappyandcontent.Andofcourse,amillionairewouldrequireconsiderablymoretomakethesameleap.7.,itseemsthehappinessgainedfrommoneydoesnotlastandthe8.(please)disappearsasyougetusedtoit.ProfessorAndrewOswald,9.ledtheresearch,alsopointsoutthatmoneyisnottheonlysourceofcontentment,andotherfactors,suchas10.strongmarriage,playanimportantrole.2閱讀下列材料,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。IfthethreeRs(reduce,reuseandrecycle)isaguidelinetosavetheplanet,garbage—sortingis11.theeffortsstart.SinceMay1,Beijing12.(start)tocarryoutmandatory(強(qiáng)制性的)garbage—sortinginneweffortstobetterprotecttheenvironment.Underthenewregulation,residentsarerequiredtoclassifyhouseholdwasteintofour13.(category):kitchen,recyclable,hazardousandotherwaste.Peoplewhofailtosorttheirgarbageproperlycan14.(fine)from50to200yuan,reportedXinhua.AccordingtoCGTN,onlineguidelineshavebeenlaunched15.(instruct)residentshowtopracticebetterwastemanagement.Ifpeopledon'tknowhowtosortthegarbage,theycansearch16.itontheWeChataccountGuanchenglishi.AccordingtoareportbytheMinistryofEcologyandEnvironment,over90percentof17.publicbelievethatgarbage—sortingisimportantfortheprotectionoftheenvironment.However,garbage—sortingisstill18.bigprobleminChina.Only30percentofparticipantsthinktheyare19.(adequate)sortingtheirgarbage.20.,thereisstillalongwaytogo.3閱讀下面材料，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號中單詞的正確形式。AsofJune,Chinahadabout285millionInternetuserslivinginruralareas,21.(account)forover30percentofthecountry’stotal,accordingtoarecentreportonChina’sInternetdevelopment.ThenumberofruralInternetusersinChina22.(grow)byover30millioninthelastfewmonths.ThereportsaidtheInternetisplayinga23.(great)rolethaneverinthecountry’spoverty(貧困)reductionefforts,withthepublic’sparticipationinandrecognitionofrelevantcampaignsontherise.ItsaidasofJune,onlinepromotionsof24.(agriculture)productsfromremoteareashadreachedmorethanhalfoftheChineseInternetusers,25.thatmorethanonethirdofnetizenshadboughtsuchproductsviaonlineplatforms.Meanwhile,thereportshowsthate-commercelivestreaming(直播)grew26.(increasing)activeinthefirsthalfoftheyear.AsofJune,thenumberofe-commercelivestreamingusersinChinahadhit309million,up16.7percentfromMarch.Chinasawover10millionlivestreamingmarketingactivitiesinthefirsthalfofthisyear,attractingover50billion27.(view),thereportnoted.ThereportsaidtheInternetcancontributesignificantly28.China’santi-povertygoalbyprovidingjobs,socialsecurityandmedicalserviceinformationfor29.poorandallowingchildreninpoverty-strickenareas30.(access)bettereducation.4閱讀下面材料，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號中單詞的正確形式。It’snotunusualforapersontohelpsomeoneelseoutwithoutgettinganythinginreturn.Butthis31.(behave)hadn’tbeenseeninbirds.That’swhyscientistscreatedanexperiment32.(design)totestwhetherAfricangreyparrotswerewillingtohelpeachotherout.Thefirststepwastoteachtheparrotstotradetokens(代幣)forfood,33.weresmallmetalrings.Whentheparrotsgavethesetokensbacktotheresearchers,everytimeeachparrotwasgiven34.walnuttheyenjoyed.Oncetheyknewhow35.(exchange)tokensforwalnuts,twoparrotswereputinclearplasticcagesnexttoeachother,36.anopeningbetweenthetwocages.Therewasafeedingwindowinbothcagesthatallowedthescientiststogivewalnutstotheparrots.Thenthefeedingwindow37.(close)foroneoftheparrots,whohadbeengivententokens.Theresultsshowedthisparrotthatcouldn’ttradeforwalnutswouldpassatoken38.(eager),beak-to-beak,tothebirdinthenextcage,whocouldthentradeitforawalnut.“Manyoftheparrotstestedpassedall10tokens,always39.(watch)howtheirpartnersgotthefoodandgettingnothingfor40.(they).Howunselfishtheywere!”saidDesireeBrucks,theleadscientist.5閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingRoad”.41.issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe42.(human)are.Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill43.(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the44.(hot)thespring!Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus45.(astonish).Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit46.(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure47.offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour48.(ache)legs.Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin49.(I).Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis50.musttovisit!6閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Anewbillhasbeen51.(official）passedinthePhilippinesthatrequiresstudentstoplant10treeseachbeforegraduation.Accordingtothedetails52.(outline)inthebill,theruleappliestoallstudentswhoaretograduatefromprimaryschool,highschool,andcollege.Treescanbeplantedin53.forests,reserves,urbanareas,abandonedminingsites,orincommunities.Overthepastdecades,thePhilippines54.（lose）morethan30%ofitsforestcoverdueto55.(legal)logging（伐木），butthenewbillmeansthattheyoungergenerationcanhelptoaddresstheproblem.Underthenewrule,175millionnewtreescouldbeplantedbystudentseachyear.Ifonly10%ofthemsurvive,56.meansthat525billiontreescangrowupoverthecourseofonegeneration.Infact,thisisn'ttheonlypositiverule57.concernstheyoungergeneration.OneschoolinIndiamadeitsstudents58.(pay)theirschoolfeesbycollecting,bringingtoschool,andrecyclingplasticwastethatwaslying59.thetown.Thishelpedraise60.（aware）ofplasticwasteinAsiancountries.Italsoallowedmorestudentstoseekeducationandevenhelpedthestudentstoearnsomemoneysotheywouldn'thavetorelyonchildlabourforaliving.7閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。When61.(approve)tobevolunteerforAmericanPeaceCorps(中美友好志愿者項目),Iwasexcitedbutalsoanxious.MytaskwastointroducetraditionalChinesepaintingtoAmericanswhocametoChinabyusingPowerPoint.WhenIwasmakingmyPPT,IdiscoveredthatthereweremanydifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternartcultures,sothemostdifficultproblem62.(face)mewastotranslatepaintingtermsfromChinesetoEnglish.Forexample,whenItriedtotranslate“意境”,whichisaverycommonwordintraditionalChinesepainting,Ifoundthephrase“artisticconception”ontheInternet.However,IaskedmyAmericanfriendDino,avolunteerImetatwork,andhesaidthetranslationwasstrangeandunreasonableandcouldn't63.(understand)atall.SohowcouldIsolvethistranslationproblem?We-hadaheateddiscussionthatevening,butwe64.(eventual)foundaphraseinthespiritoftraditionalChinesepainting.Wedecidedthat“意境”meanstheuseofabstractiontoarouseaviewer’simagination.Therefore,wecouldtranslateitas“poeticimagery”.Iunderstoodthatthesecrettotranslationistointerpretthe65.(origin)meaningofthewordsinacertaincontextratherthaninventaconceptthatdoesnotexistinAmericanculture.Butthatwasn'ttheendofthechallenge.WhenIwasdoingmydetailed66.(present)onstage,therewasapowercut,asaconsequenceof67.IcouldnotusePPT!WhatcouldIdo?Ifrownedandthoughtaboutit.Finally,ItookadeepbreathtocalmmyselfWhatIsaidwasbasedonmymemory.Ishowedbrushes,ink68.xuanpapertobeginintroducingthetoolsofChinesepainting.IthoughtIwouldbeverynervous,butasIwenton,Iforgotallmy69.(tense)andbecamefluent.WhenIfinishedmyspeech,everyoneclapped70.me.Iwassoproudofmyself.8閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Theinternetraiseditscollectiveeyebrows71.(recent)afterChinesestatemediaclaimedthatonlineshopping,high-speedrail,bikesharingandelectronicpaymentsystemsareChina’s“fournewgreatinventions.”Lastweek,government-runXinhuaNewsAgencysaidthecountrydeservedcreditforthediscoveries,72.(compare)themtotheinnovationsofancientChina:compass,gunpowder,paper,andprinting.Xinhua’sarticlenotedthat“Amongthefour,high-speedrailandonlineshoppingaren’tfromChina,butwebringtheinventionstotheworld’stoplevelwithour73.(intelligent)andinnovation,andmake74.(they)China’scallingcard.”However,justalittleresearchwillshowthatnotoneofthe75.(claim)inventionsoriginatedfromChina.Onlineshopping76.(invent)andpioneeredbyMichaelAldrichin77.U.K.in1979,whiletheJapaneseoperatedthefirstmodernhigh-speedrailin1964.Meanwhile,E-paymentsystemshavebeenusedintheUnitedStatessincethe1990s,whilebike-sharing78.(service)werealreadyathinginEuropewaybackinthe1960s.79.theorigins,inrecentyears,anumberofChina’stechnologicalinnovationshavebeenmakingtheirmovesintheworld.Amongthem,fourstandoutwithareputationofChina’s"fourgreatnewinventions"inmoderntimes,80.havemadethedailylifeofthepublicmoreandmoreconvenient.9閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。"Takegoodcareofyourself,mydarling,notjustfo