小升初語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)+練習(xí)題之名詞-基礎(chǔ)版（含答案）

小升初語(yǔ)法-名詞（基礎(chǔ)篇）考點(diǎn)一:名詞的分類(lèi)名詞可以分為專(zhuān)出名詞和一般名詞，專(zhuān)出名詞是某個(gè)（些）人、地方、機(jī)構(gòu)等的專(zhuān)出名稱(chēng)，如:John，Shanghai。一般名詞是一類(lèi)人或東西或是一個(gè)抽象概念的名稱(chēng),如:worker，water?？键c(diǎn)二：名詞的數(shù)名詞可分為可數(shù)名詞和不行數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞又可以分為單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。1.名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)章:狀況構(gòu)成例詞一般狀況加-sgirl-girlsbook-books以-s,-sh,-x,-ch結(jié)尾的單純?cè)~加-esbox-boxeswatch-watches以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的單詞變y為i，再加-esfamily-familiesbaby-babies以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的單詞多數(shù)變f或fe為v，再加-eslife-livesknife-knives以-o結(jié)尾的單詞有生命的加-es無(wú)生命的加-sradio-radioszoo-zoosphoto-photostomato-tomatoespotato-potatoes2.復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)一般只變后面的主體名詞。如:appletrees(特殊:menteachers,womendoctors)3.常見(jiàn)不規(guī)章名詞的復(fù)數(shù):man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheep,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese4.不行數(shù)名詞一般只有單數(shù)形式，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。專(zhuān)出名詞、抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞一般為不行數(shù)名詞。常見(jiàn)的不行數(shù)名詞有:meat,fish,beef,drink,coffee,milk,paper,earth,light,sand,sunshine,work,money,weather,information...考點(diǎn)三：名詞全部格1.在英語(yǔ)中有些名詞可以通過(guò)加“s”來(lái)表示所屬關(guān)系，帶這種詞尾的名詞形式稱(chēng)為該名詞的全部格。如:Where'sLinTao'sbike?林濤的自行車(chē)在哪兒?2.假如原詞已經(jīng)有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾s，則僅僅加一個(gè)全部格符號(hào)“’”。如:theteachers'office老師的辦公室3.假如是復(fù)數(shù)，但不帶詞尾s，則仍舊加“'s”。如:thosemen'shats那些男士的帽子4.假如表示各自的所屬關(guān)系時(shí)，名詞末尾均需加“'s”。如:Jim'sandKate'sglasses吉姆和凱特各自的眼鏡5.假如表示共同的所屬關(guān)系時(shí)，僅在最終一詞的末尾加“'s”。如:JimandKate'skite吉姆和凱特的風(fēng)箏（兩人共同擁有的）6.假如表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時(shí)，名詞全部格后面經(jīng)常不消滅它所修飾的名詞。如:ShallwegotoMeimei'sforsupper?我們一起到梅梅家去吃晚飯,好嗎?7.表示無(wú)生命的名詞，常用“of+名詞”表示全部關(guān)系。如:Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.這是一張我家的全家福?！窘?jīng)典例題】例1寫(xiě)出下列單數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。pen-（） foot-（） tomato-() leaf-（）[答案]pensfeettomatoesleavesleaves[名師點(diǎn)撥]pen是一個(gè)規(guī)章名詞，它的復(fù)數(shù)形式是直接在詞尾加-s；foot為不規(guī)章變化的名詞，它的復(fù)數(shù)形式是將oo改為ee；tomato變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，應(yīng)在詞尾加-es；leaf以í結(jié)尾，其復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)變f為v，再加-es。例2I'dlike_________coffee,please. A.cup B.cups C.acupof[答案]C[名師點(diǎn)撥]coffee為不行數(shù)名詞在表示量的時(shí)候要借助量詞（名詞短語(yǔ)）來(lái)修飾，因此應(yīng)用“acupof”。例3Therearealotofchildrenintheparkon_________Day. A.Children B.Children's C.children[答案]B[名師點(diǎn)撥]children是child的復(fù)數(shù)形式，由于children不以s結(jié)尾，它的全部格形式為children's，又因“兒童節(jié)”是專(zhuān)出名詞，所以它的首字母應(yīng)大寫(xiě)。例4--Isitthetwins'bedroom?--Yes,itis.It's_________. A.LucyandLily's B.LucyandLily C.Lucy'sandLily's[答案]A[名師點(diǎn)撥]本題考查兩者共同擁有一物時(shí)的全部格形式，表示兩人共同擁有某物時(shí)，在后一個(gè)人名后加's。練習(xí)一、寫(xiě)出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。1.orange_________ 2.baby_________ 3.monkey_________4.piano_________ 5.child_________ 6.shelf_________7.bed_________ 8.country_________ 9.family_________10.toy_________ 11.tooth_________ 12.radio_________13.photo_________ 14.tomato_________ 15.woman_________16.knife_________ 17.sheep_________ 18.ship_________19.dish_________ 20.mouse_________二、把下面方框中的詞按要求歸類(lèi)。pencilboxbagchilddrinkchairbreadriceapplemoneywaterbananamilkdogjuicezoocoffeeshoeegggirl可數(shù)名詞:___________________________________________________________不行數(shù)名詞:_________________________________________________________三、用所給單詞的正確形式填空。1.Therearethree_________(chair)intheclassroom.2.Myfatherlikestoeat_________(potato).3.Chinese_________(people)liketoeatnoodles.4.Ihavetwo_________(pencil-box).5.Therearesome_________(bus)inthestreet.6.Inautumn,youcanseealotof_________(leaf)ontheground.7.Therearesome_________(glass)onthetable.8.Ihavetwo_________(sister).*9._________(teacher)DayisonSeptember10th.10.The_________(child)areplayingfootballnow.四、單項(xiàng)選擇。()1.Icanseethree_________inthezoo. A.monkeyes B.monkeys C.monkeies()2.Thepighasfour_________. A.foot B.feet C.foots()3.Mytwobrothersare_________. A.policeman B.policemans C.policemen()4.Icanseeten_________inthepicture. A.sheep B.dog C.pig()5.The_________hasthree_________ A.boys;watches B.boy;watchs C.boy;watches()6.Canyousee_________ontheplate? A.bread B.breads C.breades()7.Thegirloftenbrushesher_________beforeshegoestobed. A.tooth B.toothes C.teeth()8.Mr.Blackdrinkssome_________everymorning. A.milk B.milks C.milkes()9.Therearesome_________onthefloor. A.child B.man C.books()10.--Canyouspeak_________?--Yes,Ican. A.China B.Chinese C.America()11.Iwanttodrinktwo_________. A.cupsofwater B.cupofwater C.cupsofwaters()12.Thecatatetwo_________lastnight. A.mouses B.mice C.mouse()13.Ineedapenandsome_________. A.pencils B.desk C.chair()14.Theycomefromdifferent_________. A.countrys B.countries C.country()15.Howmany_________canyouseeinthepicture? A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato()16.Thereisno_________inthebowl. A.apples B.oranges C.rice()17.Iliketoeatcakewith_________. A.cherries B.cherry C.cherrys()18.My_________roomisnexttothereadingroom. A.teacher B.teacher's C.teachers()19.Themanwriteslotsofbooks.Heisa_________. A.secretary B.coach C.writer()20.--Whatwouldyouliketodrink?--I'dlike_________. A.somehamburgers B.somefish C.somewater()21.Ihaveafew_________onthedesk. A.astorybook B.storybook C.storybooks()22.Thewomaninablackdressis_________mother. A.LucyandLily's B.Lucy'sandLily C.Lucy'sandLily()23.--Wouldyoulikebeefand_________noodles?--No.ButIlikenoodleswithbeefand_________. A.carrot;tomato B.carrot;tomatoes C.carrots;tomatoes()24.--CanIhelpyou,madam?--Iwant_________. A.twobo