北京市2018中考英語(yǔ)試題含解析

...wd......wd......wd...2018年北京市高級(jí)中等學(xué)校招生考試英語(yǔ)試卷姓名準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)考場(chǎng)號(hào)座位號(hào)考生須知1．本試卷共10頁(yè)，共五道大題，39道小題，總分值60分?？荚嚂r(shí)間90分鐘。2．在試卷和草稿紙上準(zhǔn)確填寫姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)。3．試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無(wú)效。4．在答題卡上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其他試題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。5.考試完畢，將本試卷、答題卡卡和草稿紙一并交回。知識(shí)運(yùn)用〔共14分〕一、單項(xiàng)填空〔共6分，每題0.5分〕從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。1.MybrotherandIlikefootball.playittogetheronceaweek.A.IB.TheyC.WeD.You2.Happybirthday,Peter!Here’sagiftyou.A.forB.inC.withD.from3.——doyouusuallygotoschool,Mary?——Bybike.A.WhenB.HowC.WhereD.Why4.Manypeoplelikepandastheyarecute.A.thoughB.ifC.whileD.because5.Igonow,orI'llmissmytrain.A.canB.mightC.mustD.could6.Tonyisofthethreeboys,butheisthetallest.A.youngB.youngerC.youngestD.theyoungest7.Billlikesreading.Hepicturebookswithhisdadeveryevening.A.readB.readsC.isreadingD.hasread8.——Paul,whatwereyoudoingatnineLastnight?——Iamovieinthecinemawithmyfriends.A.waswatchingB.watchC.havewatchedD.willwatch9.Davidatennisplayer,Hetoplaytenniswhenhewassixyearso1d.A.beginsB.willbeginC.beganD.hasbegun10.——Lucy,isyouruncleateacher?——Yes,heis.Hehistoryfornearly20years.A.teachesB.hastaughtC.isteachingD.willteach11.Anewinternationalairportinthecitynextyear.A.completesB.iscompletedC.willcompleteD.willbecompleted12.——Alice,couldyoutellmeLondon?——Sure.LastSundaywhenMr.SmithleftB.whenMr.Smithwi11leaveC.whendidMr.SmithleaveD.whenwillMr.Smithleave二、完形填空〔共8分，每題1分〕閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最正確選項(xiàng)。RealSolutions〔解決方法〕toProblemsThirtyengineerswereworkingasateaminacompany.Theywereyoungandeagertolearn.ThemanagementdecidedtoteachthemaboutfindingrealsolutionstoproblemsOneday,theteamwascalledfora13inahall.Theywerequitesurprisedandallreachedthehallholdingvarious14.Astheyentered,theyfoundaboxplacedinthecenter,fullofflatballoonsThemanageraskedeveryonetopickaballoonandblowitup.Thentheywereaskedtowritetheirnamesontheirrespective(各自的)balloons15sothattheballoonswouldn’tblowout.Alltried,butnoteveryonewas16.Fiveballoonsblewoutduetopressure〔壓力〕.Thosewhofailedtomarktheirnamesontheballoonswere17outofthegame.Asaresult,25engineerscametothenextlevel.Alltheballoonscarryingtheirnameswere18andthenputintoaroom,hereandthere.Theengineersweretoldtopicktheballoonwithhisorhernameon,Allthe25engineersbegantosearchfortherespectiveballoonsinarush.Itwasalmost15minutesbutnoonewasableto19therightone.Thesecondlevelofthegamewasover.Thencamethefinallevel.theengineerswereaskedtopickanyballoonandgiveittopersonnamedontheballoon.Withinacoupleofminutes,allballoons20thehandsoftherespectiveengineers.Themanagerannouncedthiswastherealsolutiontotheproblem.Manytimesinourlife,sharingandhelpingothersgiveusrealsolutionstoproblems.13.A.gameB.showC.concertD.patry14.A.purposesB.suggestionsC.thoughtsD.plans15..A.quietlyB.carefullyC.secretlyD.clearly16.A.bonestB.readyC.patientD.succeesful17.A.checkedB.helpedC.ruledD.cleaned18.A.collectedB.weighedC.tiedD.cleaned19.A.markB.hideC.numberD.find20.A.freedB.reachedC.liftedD.hit閱讀理解〔共36分〕三、閱讀以下短文．根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從文后各所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)?！补?6分，每題2分〕ARoger:Hi,there！Itwasmy15thbirthdaylastSaturday.SomeofmyfriendsandAlan.mycousin，cametocelebrateit.Everyonebroughtmeagift,weplayedgames，sangsongsandhadabigbirthdaycake.Itwasreallyawonderfulday!Didyoudoanythingspeciallastweek?Jessica:Yes,Myclasswereonaschoolfieldtriplastweek.First,WewenttotheUniversityofNorthCarolinatolearnaboutthehistoryofitsbasketballteam.Manybasketballstarswerestudentsthere.Thenwevisitedamuseum.Welearnedabouthowtheplanewasinventedandtookmanypicturesthere.Sara:Well,Iwasluckyenoughtogotoaconference〔會(huì)議〕oncharity(慈善)lastWednesday.Iwasexcitedtomeetalotofkindpeoplethere.OneofthemwasaboynamedRichard.Hespokeattheconferenceaboutthecharityworkthathehaddoneinthepastfewyears.Martin:Itwasadifferentweekthanusual,LastThursday,myschoolband〔樂(lè)隊(duì)〕wenttoAtlantatoperforminacompetition.Iplayedtheviolinandwewonaprize!OnFridaywewenttotheGeorgiaAquariumandgottoseedifferentkindsofsealifefromovertheworld.Itwasreallycool!21.WhendidRogerhavehisbirthdayparty?A.LastWednesdayB.lastthursdayC.LastFridayD.LastSaturday.22．Whowentonaschoolfieldtriplastweek?A.Alan.B.JessicaC.SaraD.Richard.23.MartinwenttoAtlantaA.speakataconferenceB.organizeapartyC.performinacompetitionD.visitauniversityBABeautifulMomentWhenIwasinhighschool.Iworkedpart-timehelpingDadsellfruitsandvegetablesatamatket.Oneday，asIwaspreparingthefruits.Alittleboycamebywithhismomandsister.Hewasabouteightyearsold，andthegirl.fiveorsix.Theywerelookingthefruitsinfrontofme.Iheardthekidssaytotheirmom(inFrench),"They'regood!"IknewitwasFrench.BecauseIcanspeakandunderstandit.ThenInoticedhowmomwaspickingthefruits.AtfirstIthoughtshewasreallylookingatthefruitsbecauseshewasfacingthem.ButthenInoticedhowmuchshehadtofeelandsmelleachoneasshepickedthemout.Andoftenaskedhersonifitlookedokay,butlookedwayabovewherehisfacewas.PuttingwhatIsawtogether,Iwassureshewasblind.Bothofthekidscontinuedtohelptheirmompickoutthefruits.Thesonmadesurethefruitswerenotobviouslybad,andthedaughterhandedthemtohermom.Thewomanthenfelteachoneandsmiled,andthedaughterwouldputthemintotheirbasket.Thekidsweresmilingwhilehelpingtheirmompickthefruitsout.Theirsmileandgentlemannermovedmeinawaythatneverhappenedbefore.Itwassobeautifultoseesuchyoungkidssowillinglyhelp.Mostkidsthatagewouldbepickingoutcandiesortoysinastoreforthemselves,insteadofhelpingtheirmompickoutfruitsasthetwokidsdid.Itwasgreattowitnessthemoment,butnotsogreatbecauseIdidn’ttellthemomhowbeautifulherchildrenwereintheirlanguage.thisiswhatIregrettothisday.24.Thewomenandherkidscametothemarkettobuy.A.fruitsB.vegetablesC.candiesD.toys25.Accordingtowhathesaw,thewriterwassurethemothercouldn’t.A.speakB.seeC.smellD.hear26.Thewriterwasmovedbecause.A.themotherwasbravetofaceherproblems.B.thekidswerepoliteandkindtoeachotherC.themotherwascarefulinpickingoutthingsD.thekidsweresowillingtohelptheirmotherCSomeprimaryschoolchildrenhavebeenraisedinhomeswithmoregreenspacearound.Theyarelikelytocomewithlargervolumesofwhiteandgreymatterincertainareasofthebrain.Thesedifferencesareassociated(關(guān)聯(lián))withbeneficialeffectsoncognitivefunction(認(rèn)知功能).ThisisthemainconclusionofastudyledbytheBarcelonaInstituteforGlobalHealth.Thestudywasperformedamong253schoolchildreninSpain.Lifelongexposure(接觸)togreenspaceinthelivingplaceswasrecorded—usingtheinformationonthechildren’saddressesfrombirthupthroughtothetimeofthestudy.Brainstructurewasstudiedusing3Dmagneticresonanceimaging(MRI).Workingmemoryandinattentiveness(注意力不集中)weregradedwithcomputers.“Thisisthefirststudythatshowstheassociationbetweenlong-termexposuretogreenspaceandbrainstructure.〞SaysDr.PayamDadvand,theleadingresearcherofthestudy,“Ourfindingssuggestthatexposuretogreenspaceearlyinlifecouldresultinbeneficialstructuralchangesinthebrain.〞Thefindingsshowthatlong-termexposuretogreennessispositivelyassociatedwithwhiteandgreymattervolumesinseveralpartsofthebrain.Someofthemarerelatedtohigherscoresoncognitivetests.Moreover,largervolumesofwhiteandgreymatterinthosepartsmightleadtobetterworkingmemoryandlessinattentiveness.Exposuretonaturehasbeenthoughttobenecessaryforbraindevelopmentinchildren.Anotherstudyof2,593childrenshowsthatchildreninschoolwithmoregreenspacehaveagreaterincreaseinworkingmemoryandagreaterdecreaseininattentiveness.Humansarebelievedtobetiedtonature.Playingingreenerareasofferschildrenopportunitiestosearchandlearn.Accordingly,greenspaceisthoughttopromptimportantexercisesindiscovery,creativityandrisktaking.Theseexercisesinturnpositivelyinfluencebraindevelopment.Dr.Dadvand’sstudysuggestshowsuchstructuralchangescouldbringaboutthebeneficialeffectsofgreenspacesoncognitivedevelopment,italsoaddstotheproofthatsuggeststhelastingeffectsofearlylifeexposuretogreennessonourhealthandthebenefitsofincreasinggreennessincities.Furtherstudiesareneededtoprovethefindingsinotherpopulations,settingsandclimates.Andresearchersneedtoexaminedifferencesaccordingtothenatureandqualityofgreenspace.27.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout.A.howthestudywasperformedB.whatwasrecordedinthestudyC.howlongthestudylastedD.whotookpartinthestudy28.Theword“prompt〞inparagraph6probablymeans““.A.controlB.encourageC.balanceD.change29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Workingmemoryinfluenceswhiteandgreymatterinthebrain.B.Dr.Dadvandstressedtheimportanceofchangingtheenvironment.C.StudiesprovedtheinfluenceofgreennessonpopulationsoutsofSpain.D.Livingingreenerneighborhoodsbenefitschildreninbraindevelopment.DWeoftenreachapointinourlifewhenweshouldbereadyforchangethatwillhelpusunlockourself-improvementpower.However,there’salwayssomethingstaringatusrightunderournosebutwedon’tseeit.Theonlytimewethinkofunlockingourself-improvementpoweriswheneverythinggetsworst.Whendowerealizethatweneedtochangediets?Whennoneofourshirtsandjeanswouldfitus.Whendowestopeatingcandiesandchocolates?Whenallofourteethhavefallenoff.Whendowerealizethatweneedtostopsmoking?Whenourlungshavegonebad.Weseethewarningsignsandsignalswhenthingsgetroughanddifficult.Theonlytimemostofuseverlearnaboutunlockingourself-improvementpoweriswhenthewholeworldisfallingapart.Wethinkandfeelthiswaybecauseitisnoteasytochange,butchangebecomesmorepainfulwhenweignore(無(wú)視)it，Changewillhappen,likeitorhateit.Atonepointoranother.weareallgoingtofinallyunlockourself-improvementpowernotbecausetheworldsaysso.Butbecausewerealizeit'sforourowngood.Happypeopledon’tjustacceptchange;theyembrace(擁抱)it.Unlockingourself-improvementpowermeansunlockingourselvesoutoftheboxofthoughtthatisjustthewayweare.Itissuchapoorexcuseforpeoplewhofearchange.Janealwaystellseveryonethatshedoesn'thavethecouragetobearoundgroupsofpeople.Sheheardherfamilytellthesamethingsabouthertootherpeople.Overtheyears,thatiswhatJanehasbelieved.Everytimeagreatcrowdcome,shestepsbackandlocksherselfupinaroom.Janenotonlybelievesinherstory,butlivesit!Self-improvementmaynotbeeverybody’sfavoriteword,butifwelookatthingsinadifferentway,wemighthavegreaterchancesofenjoyingthewholeprocessinsteadofcountingthedaysuntilwearefullyimproved.Threesessionsinaweekatthegymwouldresultinahealthierlife.Readingbookseverydaywouldbuildupknowledge.Andonlywhenweareenjoyingthewholeprocessofunlockingourself-improvementpowerwillwerealizethatwe’rebeginningtotakethingslightandbecomehappy.30.ThewritermentionsthethreequestionsinParagraph2toshowthat.A.welearnourlessonswhenweexperiencepain.B.weareresponsiblefortheproblemswemeet.C.lifefailsuswhenwegetintothewrongway.D.lifeisalongjourneyfullofupsanddowns.31.WhatisthekeytosolvingJane’sproblem?A.Sheneedstorememberwhyshestarted.B.Shehastoknowhowtogetonwithpeople.C.Shehastorealizesheisnotwhatsheisinherstory.D.Sheneedstounderstandtheimportanceofconfidence.32.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat.A.theworldtellsushowtoimproveourselves.B.peoplechangewhentheyfinditeasytodothat.C.welcomingchangeinlifeisadrivetobecomebetter.D.enjoyingtheprocessofself-improvementmakeslifesimpler.33.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Isitimportanttotakethingslight?B.Isitnecessarytoembracechallenges?C.Toholdontothelastmomentortogiveup?D.Tofreeourselvesoutoftheboxortostayinit?四、閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容答復(fù)以下問(wèn)題．〔共10分，每題2分〕Whenitcomestothelettergradeonyourtestorhomework,youmightnoticethatthereisnoletterE.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutwhythatisso?IntheA,B,C,DandFgradingsystem,thefirstfourlettersaretypicallyconsideredpassinggrades.AnFinthissystemsimplystandsfor“fail〞.Theword“fail〞happenstostartwiththeletterF,whichseemstoleaveouttheletterE.Thefact〞．SomeschoolshaveUgradefor“unsatisfactory〞,orIgradefor“incomplete〞.Evenwithallthissaid,weshouldalsopointoutthatEgradeactuallyhasbeenusedprettycommonlythroughoutthehistoryoflettergradesintheUS.ThefirstcollegeintheUStousealettergradingsystemliketheonesweusetodayisMountHolyokeCollege.In1897,theybegantousethefollowinggradingscale:A:95-100%(excellent)B:85-94%(good)C:76-84%(fair)D:75%(barelypassed)E:below75%(failed)WecanseetheinclusionofEinsteadofF.Gradually,thelettergradingsystembecamemorepopularthroughouttheUS.However,manyschoolsdecidedtodroptheEgradeandgostraighttoF.Thereisnoevidence(證據(jù))toreallysupportthis,butonepossibleexplanationisthatteacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent〞.Whydowehavelettergrades?Well,partofthereasonisthattheymadegradingsimplerduringatimeofgreatchangeforschools.Asthe20thcenturybegan,growingcitiesandanincreaseinimmigrationledtolargerschoolclassrooms.Mostteachersatthattimethoughtthisnewlettergradingsystemwasaneasy,fairandclearwaytogradestudents.Today,moreandmorepeoplearguethatlettergradesdon’tfullyreflect(反映)studentlearning。However，asteacherstrytoimprovegradingmethods,manyparentscontinuetofavorthelettergradestheygotaskids,theyarefamiliar(熟悉)andeasyforparentstounderstand.Sowhiletheymightnotbeperfect,thelettergradesprobablyaren’tgoingawayanytimesoon.34.whatdoesanFstandforintheA、B、C、DandFgradingsystem?35.whenwasthelettergradingsystemfirstusedintheUScollege?36.whatisonepossibleexplanationfordroppingtheEgrade?37.whatdidmostteachersthinkofthelettergradingsysteminthe20thcentury?38.whydomanyparentsstillpreferthelettergradestoday?書面表達(dá)〔共10分〕五、文段表達(dá)(10分)39.從下面兩個(gè)題目中任選一題，根據(jù)中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50詞的文段寫作，文中已給出內(nèi)容不計(jì)入總數(shù)．所給提示詞語(yǔ)僅供選用，請(qǐng)不要寫出你的校名和姓名。題目一：假設(shè)你是李華，你們學(xué)校要舉辦一場(chǎng)關(guān)于京劇的講座，你打算邀請(qǐng)你們班交換生Peter參加，請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫一封電子郵件，告訴他講座時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)以及需要做什么準(zhǔn)備。提示詞語(yǔ)：lecture〔講座〕,invite,information,question,online提示問(wèn)題：·Whenandwherewillyouhavethelecture?Dearpeter,HDearpeter,Howisitgoing?There’llbealectureonPekingOperainourschool.IfthereisanythingthatIcando,pleaseletmeknow.Yours,LiHua題目二：“靜以修身，儉以養(yǎng)德〞，勤儉節(jié)約是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德，無(wú)論生活富足與否，我們都應(yīng)該提倡節(jié)省，拒絕浪費(fèi)。某英文網(wǎng)站在開(kāi)展以“節(jié)約是美德〞為主題的征文活動(dòng)，假設(shè)你是李華，請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文投稿．談?wù)勆钪心闶侨艉巫龅?，以這樣做的意義。提示詞語(yǔ)：thrifty(節(jié)約的).save.turnoff.money.virtue〔美德〕提示問(wèn)題：·WhatdoyoudoinyourdailylifeIt’soneofourtraditionalvirtuestobethrifty.It’soneofourtraditionalvirtuestobethrifty.2018年北京市中考英語(yǔ)試題詳細(xì)解析1.【正確答案】C【解題思路】此題考査人稱代詞的主格。動(dòng)詞play前應(yīng)使用入稱代詞主格,且根據(jù)句意·我哥哥(第第)和我喜歡足球。我們一起每周玩一次。選項(xiàng)A·我;選項(xiàng)B他們;選項(xiàng)C我們·D、你們·。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。2.【正確答案】A【解題思路】此題考査介詞。根據(jù)題干中·Happybirthday,Peter!·可知句意應(yīng)為-這是給你的禮物-。選項(xiàng)A·給……;為……;選項(xiàng)B·在……里·;選項(xiàng)C和……;用……;隨著……·選項(xiàng)D·從……，來(lái)自……。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。3.【正確答案】B【解題思路】此題考査特殊疑問(wèn)詞,根握答句中-Bybike.·可知問(wèn)句是在問(wèn)方式方法,選項(xiàng)A什么時(shí)間·;選項(xiàng)B-若何;選項(xiàng)C·什么地點(diǎn)·;選項(xiàng)D·為什么·,故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A4.【正確答案】D【解題思路】此題考査連詞,連詞主要看前后句的關(guān)系若何.根據(jù)題干譯為·很多人喜歡熊貓,_______它們得意,·選項(xiàng)A·“盡管，雖然〞,;選項(xiàng)B·如果;是否選項(xiàng)C·然而;當(dāng)……的時(shí)候,選項(xiàng)D·因?yàn)?,根提前后句關(guān)系,可知這里應(yīng)該是很多人喜歡熊貓因?yàn)樗麄兊靡?,故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D5.【正確答集】C【解題思路】此題考査情.態(tài)動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)題干譯為·我_現(xiàn)在走,否則我會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)我的火車.·選項(xiàng)A·能夠·;選項(xiàng)B·可能·;選項(xiàng)C·必、須·;選項(xiàng)D·能夠·,故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C.6.【正確答案】D【解題恩路】本題考査形容詞最高級(jí),根據(jù)題干中的·ofthethreeboys-,所以選最高級(jí),此題目中選項(xiàng)A為形容詞原級(jí);選項(xiàng)B為形容詞比較級(jí);選項(xiàng)C為形容詞最高級(jí),但缺少定冠詞·the·;選項(xiàng)D為形容詞最高級(jí),故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D,7.【正確答案】B【解題思路】此題考査時(shí)態(tài),根握旬中的標(biāo)志詞·everyevening·可知該題應(yīng)選擇一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),再根據(jù)主話·He可知?jiǎng)印ね瑧?yīng)該用三単,選]1?A是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞原形;選項(xiàng)B是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞三単;選項(xiàng)C是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài);選項(xiàng)D是現(xiàn)在j一選正確答東為B8.【正確答案】A解題思路此題考査時(shí)態(tài).根福句中的標(biāo)志詞·atninelastnight·可知該題應(yīng)選擇過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài),選項(xiàng)A是過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài);選項(xiàng)B是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài);選項(xiàng)C是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài);選項(xiàng)D是一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)?故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A9C解題思路此題考察時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)句中的標(biāo)志詞?whenhewassixyearsold可知，該題應(yīng)選擇過(guò)去時(shí).選項(xiàng)A是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài);選項(xiàng)B是一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài);選項(xiàng)C是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài);選項(xiàng)D是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C.10.B此題考査時(shí)態(tài),根提句中的標(biāo)志詞fornearly20years以及題干-他教歷史持續(xù)近20年?,可知該題應(yīng)選擇現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),選項(xiàng)A為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài);選項(xiàng)B為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài);選項(xiàng)C為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài);選項(xiàng)D為一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài).故正確答集為選項(xiàng)B.11.【正確答案】D【解題思路】此題考察被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。該題主語(yǔ)是“Anewinternationalairport"譯為“一座新的國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)〞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為“complete〞譯為“完成〞。〞機(jī)場(chǎng)〞不能主動(dòng)發(fā)出“完成〞的動(dòng)作，只能“被完成〞，是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，確定該題考察被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本構(gòu)造為“主語(yǔ)+be+done〞，選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C不是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)造，均排除；選項(xiàng)B是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)解構(gòu);選項(xiàng)D是一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)構(gòu)造應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D,12.【正確答案】A【解題思路】此題考察賓語(yǔ)從句。因此排除選項(xiàng)C和選項(xiàng)D,不是陳述語(yǔ)序。選項(xiàng)A為一般過(guò)去時(shí)；選項(xiàng)B為一般將來(lái)時(shí)句中的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞“l(fā)astSunday〞可知，該題應(yīng)為―般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)'，排除選項(xiàng)B。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A13.【正確答案】A "【解題思路】此題考察名詞，本句譯為“一天，這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)被叫來(lái)在一個(gè)大廳〔做)_____〞。根據(jù)后文第四段第一句“那些沒(méi)有在氣球上標(biāo)記自己名字的人被____這個(gè)游戲〞。最后一詞“game"為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)A譯為“游戲〞；選項(xiàng)B譯為“演出〞；選項(xiàng)C譯為“音樂(lè)會(huì)〞；選項(xiàng)D譯為“聚會(huì)〞。根據(jù)文章語(yǔ)境判斷，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。14.正確答案C【解題思路】此題考察為“他們十分吃驚，各自懷揣著不同鈿達(dá)這卓。選項(xiàng)a譯為“目的〞；選項(xiàng)b譯為“建議〞；選項(xiàng)C譯為“想法〞；選項(xiàng)D譯為“方案〞。結(jié)合前面“surprised〞一詞得知他們并不清楚接下來(lái)做什么，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。15.【正確答案】B【解題思路】此題考察副詞。本句譯為“然后他們各自被要求把自己的名字____寫在各自的氣球上，以便于氣球不會(huì)破掉"。選項(xiàng)A譯為“安靜地〞；選項(xiàng)B譯為“小心地〞；選項(xiàng)C譯為“秘密地〞；選項(xiàng)D譯為“清晰地〞。結(jié)合文章語(yǔ)境判斷，只有小心地寫才不會(huì)讓氣球破掉，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。16.正確答案D【解題思路】此題考察形容詞。本句譯為“每個(gè)人都嘗試過(guò)了，但是不是每個(gè)人都__選項(xiàng)A譯為“老實(shí)的〞選項(xiàng)B譯為“準(zhǔn)備好的〞 選項(xiàng)C譯為“耐心的〞選項(xiàng)D譯為“成功的〞。根據(jù)文章語(yǔ)境“but",每個(gè)人都嘗試過(guò)了，但是不是每個(gè)人都成功了，并且緊接著下一段開(kāi)頭寫“thosewhotailed〞，譯為“那些失敗的人〞，也能和此題照應(yīng)，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。17正確答案C【解題思路】此題考察動(dòng)詞。本句譯為在他們名字的人被___出游戲,空后有out,因此此題考察動(dòng)詞+介詞的固定搭配，選項(xiàng)A譯為“查明，結(jié)賬〞；選項(xiàng)B譯為“幫助某人走出1rii〞；選項(xiàng)c譯為“把......排除在外"；選項(xiàng)d譯為“欺騙〞。根據(jù)文章語(yǔ)境判斷，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。18.正確答案A【解題思路】此題考察動(dòng)詞。本句譯為“所有帶著名字的氣球被___起來(lái)，然后被放在一個(gè)房間里〞。選項(xiàng)A譯為“收集〞；選項(xiàng)B譯為“稱重〞；選項(xiàng)C譯為“系，拴〞；選項(xiàng)D譯為“清掃〞。根據(jù)文章語(yǔ)境判斷，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。19正確答案D解題思路此題考察動(dòng)詞。本句譯為“快15分鐘了，但是沒(méi)有人能夠____正確的那個(gè)〔氣球〕〞。選項(xiàng)a譯為"標(biāo)B譯為“躲藏〞；選項(xiàng)c譯為“數(shù)出、計(jì)算譯為“fty〞。前文提到全部25個(gè)工程師胃尋灸1i自的氣球，根據(jù)同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)^每f，譯為“專找"，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。20.【正確答案】B【解題思路I此題考察動(dòng)詞。本句譯為“幾分鐘之內(nèi)，所有的氣球都___各自的工程師手中〞。選項(xiàng)A譯為“解放〞；選項(xiàng)B譯為“到達(dá)〞；選項(xiàng)C譯為“提升"；選項(xiàng)D譯為“擊打〞。根據(jù)前二句“工程師們被要求去撿起氣并把它給到^氣球1名字一致的人〞，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B21正確答案D【解題思路】此題考察細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵信息“WhendidRogerhavehisbirthdayparty"，定位至文章第一段Roger以及本段第一行“Itwasmy15thbirthdaylastSaturday.〞，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。22.定位到第二段第一行，“Myclasswereonaschoolfieldtriplastweek.〞可知Jessica上周有學(xué)校旅行，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。23.【解題思路】此題考察細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵信息“MartinwenttoAtlanta〞，可定位到文章第四段Martin以及本段第二行“MyschoolbandwenttoAtlantatoperforminacompetition.〞，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C24. 【正確答案】A【解題思路】此題考察細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵信息1Thewomanandherkidscametothemarkettobu/\定位至文章第一段第四句“Theywerelookingatthefruitsinfrontofme.〞以及句“Thekidsweresmilingwhile故正確項(xiàng)A。25. 正確答案B【解題思路】此題考察細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵信息“Accordingtowhathesaw〞定位至文章第二段最后一句“Puttingwhat丨saw13together,丨wassureshewasblind.〞可知作者認(rèn)為這位母親是盲人,所以作者很確定她看不見(jiàn)，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。26.【正確答案】D此題考察涵令題。根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵信息“Thewriterwasmoved〞可定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段前兩句“Theirsmileandgentlemannermovedmeinawaythatneverhappenedbefore.Itwassobeautifultoseesuchyoungkidssow川inglyhelp.〞所以令作者感動(dòng)的是這兩個(gè)孩子非常愿意幫助他們的母親，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D27.【正確答案1A【解題思路】此題考察段落主旨題。根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容定位到文聿第二段，文中依次使用“perform〞，“record〞，“study",“use〞，“grade〞等動(dòng)詞，說(shuō)明文章都是在解釋這項(xiàng)研究是若何開(kāi)展的，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。28.此題考察猜詞題。猜詞題需結(jié)合待猜詞的前后文信息做出推斷。結(jié)合待猜詞所在句的后面一句話“Theseexercisesinturnpositivelyinfluencebraindevelopment.〞中相關(guān)信息：這些練習(xí)“反過(guò)來(lái)〔inturn)〞會(huì)對(duì)大腦發(fā)育產(chǎn)生〞積極影響〔positivelyinfluence)〞，可推知“綠色空間〞對(duì)這些重要活動(dòng)帶來(lái)的應(yīng)該也是“積極、正面〞的影響。據(jù)此，再結(jié)合ABCD四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的正負(fù)態(tài)度，可迅速將答案確定為正態(tài)度的選項(xiàng)B“encourage(促進(jìn)，29.正確答案D【解題思路】此題考察推斷題。此文開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山提出“處于綠化環(huán)境對(duì)孩子的認(rèn)知功能會(huì)有積極的影響〞，并分別從文章第三段、第四段、第五段、第六段以及第七段論證該觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)D“居住在綠化更好的社區(qū)有助于孩子們大腦的發(fā)育〞符合文故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D選項(xiàng)A“control(控制)〞常作負(fù)態(tài)選衡)〞和選項(xiàng)D“change(改變)〞常作中谷因此排除，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。30.【正確答案】A【解題思路】此題考察推斷題。根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵信息“thethreequestionsinparagraph2〞，定位至文章第二段。作者通過(guò)提出的三個(gè)問(wèn)題，在本段最后一句得出結(jié)論："weseethewarnir^i^j^ndsignalswhe門thingsgetroughandcdiffic^ff^%!譯務(wù)當(dāng)事情變得糟糕和困難時(shí)，我們會(huì)志和信號(hào)。本句與選項(xiàng)A“當(dāng)我們^||§^到教訓(xùn)〞相符合，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A31正確答案C【解題思路】此題考察推斷題《根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵信息“Jane’sproblem〞定位到文章第六段,通過(guò)本段可知Jane的問(wèn)題是她沒(méi)有勇氣在生活中面對(duì)人群，并且生活在自己的故事里。所以解決Jane問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵是她要意識(shí)到她并不是故事里的樣子，與選項(xiàng)C相符，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。32正確答案C【解題思路】此題考察推斷題。選項(xiàng)A譯為“世界告訴我們?nèi)艉翁嵘约酣暸c原文作者觀點(diǎn)不相符；選項(xiàng)B譯為“當(dāng)人們發(fā)現(xiàn)事情很容易糕時(shí)，人們會(huì)改1〞，兩更雕滅勢(shì)'與做時(shí)，人們會(huì)改變〞，與原文“當(dāng)事情變得最糟糕時(shí)，不相符；選項(xiàng)C譯為“迎接生活中的改更綠的絕站為'與原文主旨“當(dāng)人們主動(dòng)會(huì)己得到提升〞相符合；選項(xiàng)自我提程使生活變得更加簡(jiǎn)單〞與原文最后一句提升使事情變得容易，使我們更開(kāi)心〞不相符，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。33.【正確答案】D【解題思路】此題考察主旨題。文章通過(guò)第一段的現(xiàn)象描述和第二段的提問(wèn)，引出主旨“我們應(yīng)該為可以幫助我們自我提升的改變做好準(zhǔn)備〞；文聿第三、四、五和六段談?wù)摿藰?lè)觀的人擁抱改變而另一些人們由于害怕改變而逃避改變；文章第七段重申全文觀點(diǎn)，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。34. 【解題思路】此題考察細(xì)節(jié)題。定位關(guān)鍵詞“F〞和“standsfor",到文章第二段第二句，故正確答案為Itstandsfor“fail〞.35.正確答案In1897. 【解題思路】第四段二句，故正確答案為In1897.36. 正確答案TeacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent".【解題思路】此題考察細(xì)節(jié)題。定位關(guān)鍵詞“droppingtheEgrade〞和“onepossibleexplanation〞，到文章第六段第二句和第三句正確答案為TeacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent".37. 【正確答案】Theythoughtthisnewlettergrading$easy,fairandclearwaytogradestudents.【解題思路】此題考察細(xì)關(guān)ceniury〞到倒數(shù)第二段，然后再通過(guò)定位teachers〞到本段最后一句，故正確答案為thoughtthisnewlettergradingsystemwasaneasy,fairandclearwaytogradestudents.38. 【正確答案】Becausethelettergradesarefamiliarandeasyforparentstounderstand.【解題思路】此題考察細(xì)節(jié)題。定位關(guān)鍵詞J'tody"擇適'^Inyparents〞定位到最后一段第三句故正確答案為38.Becausethelettergradesarefamiliarandeasyforparentstounderstand文段表達(dá)題目1【總體思路】本篇寫作的體裁屬于信件類作文中的邀請(qǐng)信。在英文局部已經(jīng)明確給出兩個(gè)問(wèn)題，難度中等，屬于考前常見(jiàn)話題之一。需要考生寫出“講座的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)及建議〞，具體問(wèn)題如下：1. 講座的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)2. 為該講座做哪些準(zhǔn)備參考范文1DearPeterHowisitgoing?There’llbealectureonPekingoperainourschool.ThePekingoperawillstartat10:00thisFridaymorningintheschoolhall.Iamwritingtoinviteyoutotakepartinthemeaningfullecture.Inthelecture,wecannotonlygetsomeusefulinformationaboutthePekingopera,butalsogetclosetothetraditionalChineseculture,whichcanbenefitusalot.Therearesomesuggestionsforyoutoprepareforit.Firstofall,remembertobethereontime,what’smore,don’tforgettobringacamerawithyou,whichcanrecordthepreciousmoment,lastbutnotleast,it’sagoldenchanceforyoutocomeupwithsomequestionsthatyouarewillingtolearnabout.IfthereisanythingthatIcandopleaseletmeknow.Yours,LiHua【參考范文分析】首先，提示問(wèn)題為“WhenandwherewHIyouhavethelecture?〞，要明確寫出活動(dòng)的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。在范文中即出現(xiàn)了“ThePekingOperawillstartat10:00thisFridaymorningintheschoolhall.〞。接著，提示問(wèn)題為“WhatdoyouadvisePetertoprepareforit?〞，具體寫出為該講座應(yīng)做的準(zhǔn)備。在范文中，第一項(xiàng)建議是“不要遲到〞，即“Firstofall,remembertobethereontime.〞。第二項(xiàng)建議是“帶相機(jī)記錄美好時(shí)刻〞，即“What’smore,don'tforgettobringacamerawithyou,whichcanrecordthepreciousmoment,第三項(xiàng)建議是“準(zhǔn)備相關(guān)問(wèn)題〞即lastbutnotleast,it’sagoldenchanceforyoutocomeupwithsomequestionsthatyouarewillingtolearnabout.題目2【總體思路】本篇寫作的體裁屬于議論文。在英文局部已經(jīng)明確給出兩個(gè)問(wèn)題，難度中上，屬于考前常見(jiàn)話題之一。需出考生寫出“日常生活中是如何做的，你為什么這樣做〞具體如下：1、在日常生活中你都做了什么2.你為什么這樣做【參考范文】It’soneofourtraditionalvirtuestobethriftyBeingthriftyisagoodvirtuewhichhasbeenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.It’sagoodideatostartoninourdailylife.Firstofall,Iconstantlycheckthelightsandthetapstomakesurethattheyareoffwhenleavingthehouse,Besides,neverhaveIwastedanyfood,what’smore,Idon’tspendtoomuchmoneyonunnecessarythingsandsavemoneyregularly.ThereasonwhyIdosoisthatIwanttomakeadiffe