2024屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)階段測試卷(新高考I卷專用)02(解析版)

2024屆高考一輪豆習(xí)階段測試卷（新高考I卷專用）02

英語試卷

（閱讀A篇為原創(chuàng)試題）

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷匕錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙

±>

第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完

每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來I可答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshin?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatdocsthemansuggestthewomando?

A.Changethetitle.B.Takereaders'advice.C.Writeanotherarticle.

2.Howdidthemangetthere?

A.Byplane.B.Bybus.C.Bysubway.

3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Wildlife.B.Aproject.C.Tasktime.

4.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemovie?

A.Funny.B.Serious.C.Awful.

5.Whatisprobablytherelationshipbetween(hespeakers?

A.Doctorandpatient.B.Hostandguest.C.Salespersonandcustomer.

第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或讀白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最

佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置,聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WhoisIhedisplaymainlyintendedfor?

A.CurrentEnglishmajors.

B.Potentialuniversityapplicants.

C.Studentsfromvariousdepartments.

7.Whatwillthewomandonext?

A.Read.B.Design.C.Study.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Howwasiheweatherearlyin(hemorning?

A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.

9.Whatisthewoman'sattitudetowardsweatherforecasters?

A.Disappointed.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.

聽第8段材料，回答第1()至12題。

10.Whatis(hiscompetitionabout?

A.Savingenergyathome.B.Reducingnoisepollution.C.Usingtechnologycreatively.

11.Whatisthestoneusedfor?

A.Startingthemachine.B.Increasingairpressure.C.Producingcarbondioxide.

12.Whydocsthewomanconictotheman?

A.Todiscussthewayofwritingapaper.

B.Tofindtherightmaterialforamodel.

C.Tostudy(heapproachdetaileddrawings.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whatdoesthewomanintendtodo?

A.Developsomephotos.B.Getphotosdigitized.C.Beautifythephotos.

14.Howmuchdoesthewomanneedtopay?

A.$300.B.$240.C.$150.

15.Whyisacardboardboxrecommended?

A.Itisstronger.B.Itischeaper.C.Itislighter.

16.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inaphotostudio.B.Inapostoffice.C.Inanadvertisingcompany.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至20題。

17.WhatcanDevildo?

A.Playmusic.B.Carryluggage.C.Removeblocks.

18.WhichaspectofDcviiisparticularlymentionedforimprovement?

A.Itssteadiness.B.Itspower.C.Itsstructure.

19.WhydidLinuploadhisvideo?

A.Tokilltime.B.Torecordhislife.C.Toinfluencemoreyoutn.

20.WhendidLinrealizehisinventionscouldbenefitothers?

A.In2018.B.In2019.C.In2021.

聽力：1-5ACBAC6-10BBACC11-15ABBCA16-20ABACB

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

（原創(chuàng)）A

Parismaybebest-knownasthecityoflove,butit'salsothecityofbooklovers!Herearcsomeoftheliterary

landmarksyoushouldaddtoyourtravelbucketlist.

BrasserieLipp

151BoulevardSaint-Germain

Thisbrasseriehaslongbeenapopularhauntforcreatives.Initsearlydaysitwaspopularamongactorsfrom

anearbytheatregroupcalledVieux-Colombier.Later,writerscameindroves,andin1949itwasthesiteofa

falling-outbetweenJamesBaldwinandRichardWright.AliteraryprizecalledthePrixCazestorewardauthors

whohadn'tbeensuccessfulinliterarycompetitionsbeforewascreatedandhasbeenstagedannuallysince1935.

PereLachaiseCemetery

8BoulevarddeMenilmontant

Whenitfirstopened,thiscemeterywasnotapopularburialspot.Itwassomewayawayfromthecitycentre

andithadnotbeenblessedbythechurch.Inamarketingploy（市場營銷策略），thecemeteryacquiredthe

remainsofsomenotableliteraryfigures.Inamatterofdecades,thecemeteryhadbecomethefinalrestingplace

ofmanywriters,includingBalzac,OscarWildeandGertrudeStein.

ShakespeareandCompany

37RuedelaBucherie

ThisParisbookshopwasopenedin1919byAmericanSylviaBeach,ontheencouragementofherFrench

partner,/XdricnncMonnicr.Whenitopened,itprimarilysoldEnglish-languagebooks,anditattractedvarious

iconicEnglish-speakingclientele,includingGertrudeSteinandErnestHemingway.

TheshopwasclosedduringtheSecondWorldWar.Afterthewar,aneccentricUSex-servicemanGeorge

Whitmanopenedabookshopcalla.1LeMistral,whichheslockedwilhmanybooksboughtfromBeach.After

Beach'sdeath.WhitmanrenamedhisshopShakespeareandCompany,andtodayitisownedbyhisdaughter

Sylvia.

AbbeyBookshop

29RuedelaParchcmincric

OneofParis'smostfamousEnglish-languagebookstores,theAbbeyBookshopwasestablishedin1989by

CanadianBrianSpence.It'salabyrinth（迷宮）ofbooksthatspillouiontothepavementoutside.

21.Whoaretheintendedreaders?

A.PeoplewholoveParis.B.Peoplewhoenjoytravelling.

C.Peoplewhoarefondofreadingbooks.D.Peoplewhoarekeenontravellingandliterature.

22.Whatdothelasttwoplaceshaveincommon?

A.TheysellEnglish-languagebcoks.

B.Theyhaveliteraryprizeawardedannually.

C.TheyattractedvariousiconicEnglish-speakingclientele.

D.Theyarelabyrinthsofbooksdisplayedintheopenair.

23.WhatmakesPereLachaiseCemeterypopular?

A.Afamousburialspot.B.Aplacethechurchvaluedalot.

C.Apopularplaceformanywriters.D.Afinalrestingplaceforsomegreatliterarygiants.

（原創(chuàng)）21.D22.A23.D

來源：LiterarylandmarksyouneedtovisitinParis-Reader'sDigest

htlps:〃www.readersdigest.co.uk/lifeslyle/travel/places-lo-visit/7-lilerary-landmarks-you-need-lo-visit-in-paris

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了巴黎。它也許是最著名的愛情之城，但它也是書籍愛好者的城市！文章中的四個(gè)

地點(diǎn)是你應(yīng)該加入你的旅行遺愿清單的。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句Herearesomeoftheliterarylandmarksyoushouldaddtoyourtravel

bucketlist.可知是文學(xué)地標(biāo)，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenitopened,itprimarilysoldEnglish-languagebooks”和OneofParis'smostfamous

English-languagebookstores,可知兩個(gè)書店都賣英文的書籍，答案選A。

23.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)PMeLachaiseCemetery部分提到該墓地之所以出名是因?yàn)樗蔀榘蜖栐?、奧斯卡

王爾德和格特魯?shù)滤固乖趦?nèi)的許多著名作家的最后安息之地，答案選Do

B

（2023上?湖北武漢?高三湖北省武昌實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）AnnaSiccddoesn'tlookmucholderthanher

students,butsheisapractitionerofbehavioralandmotivationalscience,ashouldertocryon,andthehighschool

debatecoach.Herclass,whichbeganasanelectiveclasstogivestudentsexposuretoskillsthatpreparethemfor

college,hasbecometheclassoncampusthatcreateswinners.

Speechanddebatetesttheteenagecharacterperhapsmorethananyotheractivity.Theshyandtheunsure

oftenhavenodesiretolookupfromtheirscreensandengageintheoldesthumaninteraction:persuasiveoral

arguments.It'sdreadfulterritoryfbrtheaverageteenager.Research,writing,deliveringaspeechinfrontofyour

peers—itallsoundslikethekindofclassstudentswouldbemostlikelytoskip.ButAnnadrawsthemin.

Classroom161isalwaysfull.Anna'sdebateteamshaveacasefullofmedals;mostimportantly,theyhave

goneontobecomeleadersoftheircommunitiesandexamplestotheirfamilies.

“Thisactivityhaschangedmylife.JustbuildingconnectionswithpeopleInever,everimaginedbuilding

connectionswith,“relatesAlexanderHernandezGonzalez.Alexandersufferedfromsocialanxietythroughouthis

childhood.Thenhediscovereddebateasafreshman,anditchangedhislife.

Whatdrivesyoungpeopletostandupandpassionatelydeliveraspeechinfrontofacrowdfullofstrangers,

apanelofjudgesandopposingteamsfrommoreprivilegedhighschools?Thepersonwhowillalwayshavetheir

back:AnnaSteed.

“Iwantthemtojusthavethememoryofmakingitthrough,succeedinginaplacelikethatandexpressinga

storythatleavesthatplacebetter/"Annasays.

Thatbetterplacebeginsinroom161whenunsureandnervousstudentsenterforthefirsttime.After

setbacksandadjustments,alotofhugs,encouragement,andhoursoflate-nightstudyandpractice,theyrollouta

fewyearslaterwiththeirshouldersbackandafulltankofconfidence,readytotakeonthenextstageoflife.

24.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thechallengingnatureofdebate.B.Thevalueofbeingadebateteacher.

C.Theinfluenceofdebateonteenagers.D.Thedifficultiesofwinningawardsindebate.

25.AccordingtoAlexander'spersonalexperience,debateoftcrtochangehislife.

A.astagetoshowcasehistalent.B.adriveforacademicexcellence.

C.aplatformtoestablishsocialbonds.D.achancetoconnectwithAnnaSteed.

26.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thatplace”inparagraph6referto?

A.Anna'sclass.B.Theprivilegedclassroom.

C.Unfamiliarterritory.D.Thenextstageoflife.

27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAnnaSieed?

A.Devotedandgenerous.B.Hard-workingandhonest.

C.Courageousandtolerant.D.Impactfulandsupportive.

24.A25.C26.A27.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述AnnaSteed,一位高中辯論教練，她的辯論課很受歡迎，已經(jīng)成為

校園里培養(yǎng)贏家的課程，激勵(lì)和改變了很多青少年的生活。

24.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Speechanddebatetesttheteenagecharacterperhapsmorethananyotheractivity.

Theshyandtheunsureoftenhavenodesiretolookupfromtheirscreensandengageintheoldesthuman

interaction:persuasiveoralarguments.It'sdreadfulterritoryfortheaverageteenager.Research,writing,

deliveringaspeechinfrontofyourpeers-itallsoundslikethekindofclassstudentswouldbemostlikelyto

skip.（演講和辯論可能比其他任何活動(dòng)更能考驗(yàn)青少年的性格。害羞和沒有自信的人通常不想從他們的屏

幕上抬起頭來參與最古老的人類互動(dòng)：有說服力的口頭辯論。對(duì)于普通青少年來說，這是一個(gè)可怕的領(lǐng)域。

研究、寫作、在同齡人面前發(fā)表演講——這些聽起來都是學(xué)生最有可能跳過的課程。）”可知本段講述了演

講和辯論對(duì)于青少最具挑戰(zhàn)性，是青少年最不喜歡的課程，所以本段主要講述的是辯論的挑戰(zhàn)性。故選A。

25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)笫四段“Thisactivityhaschangedmylife.JustbuildingconnectionswithpeopleInever,

everimaginedbuildingconnectionswith,^relatesAlexanderHernandezGonzalez.Alexandersufferedfromsocial

anxietythroughouthischildhood.Thenhediscovereddebateasafreshman,anditchangedhisli電（”這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)改

變了我的生活，就是和那些我從未想過要和他們建立聯(lián)系的人建立聯(lián)系，“亞歷山大?埃爾南德斯?岡薩雷斯

說道。亞歷山大整個(gè)童年都患有社交焦慮癥。然后他在大一的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)了辯論，這改變了他的生活工）”可

知辯論讓亞歷山大與從未想過要與之建立聯(lián)系的人建立了聯(lián)系，因此可知辯論給亞歷山大帶來的改變是給

了他一個(gè)建立社交聯(lián)系的平臺(tái)。故選C。

26.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"Herclass,whichbeganasanelectiveclasstogivestudentsexposureto

skills（hatpreparethemforcollege,hasbecometheclassoncampusthatcreateswinners.（她的課最初是一門選

修課，旨在讓學(xué)生接觸到為上大學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備的技能，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為校園里培養(yǎng)贏家的課程。片和最后一段T

wantthemtojusthavethememoryofmakingitthrough,succeedinginaplacelikethatandexpressingastory

thatleavesthatr）lacebetter'."Annasays.（安娜說:“我希望他們能記住在這樣的地方自己度過難關(guān)，取得成功，

并表達(dá)一個(gè)讓那個(gè)地方變得更好的故事的記憶。）“由此可推斷戈I線詞ihalplace指的是Anna上辯論課的地

方，Anne的課堂，故選A。

27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Classroom161isalwaysfull.Anna,sdebateteamshaveacasefullofmedals;

mostimportantly,theyhavegoneontobecomeleadersoftheircommunitiesandexamplesto（heirfamilies.（161

教空總是坐滿的。安娜的辯論隊(duì)有滿滿一箱獎(jiǎng)牌；最重要的是，他們己經(jīng)成為社區(qū)的領(lǐng)袖和家庭的榜樣。廣

可推斷Anna是有影響力的；再根據(jù)第五段“Whaldrivesyoungpeopletostandupandpassionatelydelivera

speechinfrontofacrowdfullofstrangers,apanelofjudgesandopposingteamsfrommoreprivilegedhigh

schools?Thepersonwhowillalwayshave（heirback:AnnaSleed.（是什么驅(qū)使年輕人站起來，在?群陌生人、

一群評(píng)委和來自更優(yōu)越高中的對(duì)立球隊(duì)面前，充滿激情地發(fā)表演講?永遠(yuǎn)支持他們的人：安娜?斯蒂德。）”

可推斷Anna是支持她的學(xué)生的，故選D。

C

（2023上?湖北?高三華中師大一附中?？计谥校㊣n2022,campaigngroupFashionRevolutionChelseadye

gardenforitsChelseaFlowerShowpresentation.Anancientcraft,naturaldyeingisapracticewhosetimehas

comeagain,withhandtic-dycdfashionalsomakingacomebackinrecentyears.

TherevivalhasbeenencouragedbyCovidlockdowns,4\vhichallowedpeopletoexplorethecraftathomc,^^

saysnatural-dyeingenthusiastandteacherSusanDye.Il'sunlikely,though,thatthepracticewouldhavecaughton

inquitethesamewayifnotforacontinuallygrowingdiscomfortaboutfashion'sheavyfootprint.Fromcarbon

emissionstoanimalcruelty,fashionisunderconsiderableinspection."Putitthisway,97%ofdyesusedinthe

industryarepetrochemically（石油化學(xué)產(chǎn)品）based,“sayssustainablefashionconsultantJackieAndrews,who

helpedadvisetheUNEthicalFashionInitiative.'AVe'vegotnetzerotargetswhichmeanwe'regoingtohaveto

removeallthosepetrochemicalsfromthemanufacturingcycle.”

Fashionisahugepolluter.AccordingtotheUNEnvironmentProgram,theindustryisresponsibleforupto

one-fifthofallindustrialwaterpollution—duetothefactthatmostclothestodayareproducedinpoorer

countrieswhereregulationisweakandenforcementweakerstill.Wastewaterisdumpeddirectlyintoriversand

streams,poisoningthelandaswellasthewatersourcesofpeopleandanimalswhorelyonthem.

It,seasytoseewhysomeonewhocaresaboutpeople,planetandanimals,aswellasclothes,mightturnto

naturalplantdyeing.Fromthebeautyoftherawinaterials-oftenwildplants-tothepropertyofonlybondingwith

naturalfiberlikecottonandlinen,fromtheminorfootprintofupclyclingoldclothingthathasgrayedorfaded

overtimetothevibrantandlong-lastingdyeingresults,plantdyeingfeelslikeaauietactofrebellion.Thisiswhy,

whilebeginnersstartwithsimplychangingtheirclothes'color,newworldsopen.Manyoftoday'snaturaldyers

growtheirowndyeplants,runlocalcommunityworkshops,andadvocateforchangeinindustrializedfashion

systemsandbeyond.

28.Whatisthemainreasonforthegrowingdiscomfortmentionedinparagraph2?

A.Theadoptionofpeirochemical-baseddyes.

B.Thechallengingnetzerotargetstobeachieved.

C.Thefashionindustry'sfbcusonluxuriousdesigns.

D.Thedisturbingconsequencesofthefashionindustry.

29.Theauthorillustrates“Fashionisahugepollutcr^^by.

A.makingacomparisonB.givingexamplesC.listingnumbersD.introducinganewtopic

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“aquietactofrebellion,'inparagraph4referto?

A.Aprotestagainstturningtonaturalfiber.B.Anobjectiontoupcyclingoldclothing.

C.Astruggleforasustainablefashionindustry.D.Aresistancetovibrantcolorsinnaturaldyeing.

31.Whatwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.TheEnvironmentalImpactofNaturalDyeing

B.FashionRevolution'sDyeGardenPresentation

C.TheReturnofNaturalDyeingwithEthicalAppeal

D.ThePetrochemicalDyeIndustryandItsChallenges

28.D29.B30.C31.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹天然染色工藝的回歸。

28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"It'sunlikely,though,thatthepracticewouldhavecaughtoninquitethesameway

ifnotfbracontinuallygrowingdiscomfortaboutfashion'sheavyfootprint.Fromcarbonemissicnstoanimal

cruelty,fashionisunderconsiderableinspection.（然而，如果不是因?yàn)槿藗儗?duì)時(shí)尚的沉重足跡不斷感到不安，

這種做法不太可能以同樣的方式流行起來。從碳排放到虐待動(dòng)物，時(shí)尚都受到了廣泛的關(guān)注。戶可知，時(shí)

尚業(yè)也存在碳排放到虐待動(dòng)物問題，所以人們感到不適是因?yàn)闀r(shí)尚產(chǎn)業(yè)令人不安的后果。故選D。

29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Fashionisahugepolluter.AccordingtotheUNEnvironmentProgram,the

industryisresponsibleforuptoone-fifthofallindustrialwaterpollution—duetothefactthatmostclothestoday

areproducedinpoorercountrieswhereregulationisweakandenforcementweakerstill.Wastewaterisdumped

directlyintoriversandstreams,poisoningthelandaswellasthewatersourcesofpeopleandanimalswhorelyon

them.（時(shí)尚是一個(gè)巨大的污染源。根據(jù)聯(lián)合國環(huán)境規(guī)劃署的數(shù)據(jù)，該行業(yè)造成了高達(dá)五分之一的工業(yè)水污

染，因?yàn)槟壳按蠖鄶?shù)服裝都是在監(jiān)管薄弱、執(zhí)法力度更弱的貧窮國家生產(chǎn)的。廢水被直接傾倒到河流和溪

流中，毒害了土地以及依賴它們的人和動(dòng)物的水源。戶可知，這一段利用實(shí)際例子來說明時(shí)尚是一個(gè)巨大

的污染源。故選B。

30.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段"It'seasytoseewhysomeonewhocaresaboutpeople,planetandanimals,aswell

asclothes,mightturntonaiuralplantdyeing.Fromthebeautyofiherawmaierials-oftenwildplanis-ioihe

propertyofonlybondingwithnaturalfiberlikecottonandlinen,fromtheminorfootprintofupclyclingold

clothingthathasgrayedorfadedovertimetothevibrantandlong-lastingdyeingresults,plantdyeingfeelslikea

quie〔aclofrebellion.（很容易理解為什么?個(gè)關(guān)心人、地球、動(dòng)物以及衣服的人會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向天然植物染色。從原

料的美麗（通常是野生植物）到只與棉花和亞麻等天然纖維結(jié)合的特性，從隨著時(shí)間的推移變灰或褪色的

舊衣服的微小足跡到充滿活力和持久的染色效果，植物染色感覺就像是aquietactofrebellion。戶可知，這

里是描述指物染色和化學(xué)染色小一樣，所以它是對(duì)化學(xué)染色的反抗，是對(duì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的維護(hù)。aquietactof

rebellion的意思應(yīng)該是“為可持續(xù)發(fā)展而做的斗爭”，和選項(xiàng)C意思一致。故選C。

31.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“In2022,campaigngroupFashionRevolutionChelseadyegardenforitsChelsea

FlowerShowpresentation.Anancientcraft,naturaldyeingisapracticewhosetimehascomeagain,withhand

tie-dyedfashionalsomakingacomebackinrecentyears.（2022年，時(shí)尚革命運(yùn)動(dòng)組織切爾西染料花園在切爾

西花展上亮相。天然染色是一種古老的工藝，它的時(shí)代又來了，近年來手工扎染的時(shí)尚也卷土重來。戶可

知，這篇文章主要介紹天然染色工藝的回歸，C項(xiàng)“天然染色的回歸與倫理訴求”符合文意。故選C。

D

（2023上?上海?高三上海交大附中?？计谥校㎝anyearlyapproachestolanguagetechnology—and

particularlytranslation—gotstuckinaconceptualdeadend:therules-basedapproach.Intranslation,thismeant

tlyingtowriterulestoanalyzethetextofasentenceinthelanguageoforigin,breakingitdownintoasortof

abstract<tintcrlanguagc,,andrebuildingitaccordingtotherulesofthetargetlanguage.Theseapproachesshowed

earlypromise.Butlanguageisfullofambiguities（歧義）andexceptions,sosuchsystemswerehugely

complicatedandeasilybrokedownwhentestedonsentencesbeyondthesimplesettheyhadbeendesignedfbr.

Nearlyalllanguagetechnologiesbegantogetalotbetterwiththeapplicationofstatisticalmethods,often

calleda“brutefbree“approach.Thisreliesonsoftwarescanningvastamountsofdata,lookingfbrpatternsand

learningfromprecedent.Forexample,inparsinglanguage（breakingitdownintoitsgrammaticalcomponents）,

thesoftwarelearnsfromlargebodiesoftextthathavealreadybeenparsedbyhumans.Ituseswhatithaslearned

to:nakeitsbestguessaboutapreviouslyunseentext.Inmachinetranslation,thesoftwarescansmillionsofwords

alreadytranslatedbyhumans,againlookingforpatterns.Inspeechrecognition,thesoftwarelearnsfromabodyof

recordingsandthetranscriptionsmadebyhumans.

Thankstothegrowingpowerofprocessors,fallingpricesfordatastorageand.mostcrucially,theexplosion

inavailabledata,thisapproacheventuallyborefruit.Mathematicaltechniquesthathadbeenknownfordecades

cameinto(heirown,andbigcompanieswithaccesstoenormousamountsofdatawerereadyiobenefit.

Thefinaladvance,whichbeganonlyaboutfiveyearsago,camewiththearrivalofdeeplearningthrough

digitalneuralnetworks(DNNs).Theseareoftenclaimedtohavequalitiessimilartothoseofthehumanbrain:

“neurons”arcconnectedinsoftware,andconnectionscanbecomestrongerorweakerintheprocessoflearning.

ButNilsLcnke,headofresearchforalanguagetechnologycompany,explainsmattcr-of-factlythat“DNNsarc

justanotherkindofmathcinaticalmodel,“thebasisofwhichhadbeenwellunderstoodfordecades.What

changedwasthehardwarebeingused.

Almostbychance.DNNresearchersdiscoveredthatthegraphicalprocessingunits(GPUs)usedtoproduce

graphicsinapplicationslikevideogameswerealsobrilliantathandlingneuralnetworks.Thetechniquehas

alreadyproducedbigleapsinqualityforallkindsofdeeplearning,includingdecodinghandwriting,recognizing

facesandclassifyingimages.Nowtheyarchelpingtoimproveallmanneroflanguagetcchnclogics,often

bringingenhancementsofupto30%.Thathasshiftedlanguagetechnologyfromusableatapinchtoreallyrather

good.Butsofarnoonehasquiteworkedoutwhatwillmoveitonfrommerelygoodtoreliablygreat.

32.Accordingtothepassage,whichof(hefollowingisaproblemoftherules-basedapproach?

A.Rulesaredifficulttoidentifyinsomelanguages.

B.Itisimpossibletofindalltherulesinalanguage.

C.Therulesareoftenmisinterpretedbyresearchers.

D.Therearcalwaysrulestooabstracttounderstand.

33.hasaparttoplayinenablingthe“brutefbree”approachtograduallybearfruit?

A.TheincreasingamountofdataB.Thefallingpricesofscanningsoftware

C.TheavailabilityofrecordingsandtranscriptsD.Thewiderknowledgepeoplehaveoflanguage

34.WhichofthefollowingisNilsLenkemostlikelytoagreewithaboutDNNs?

A.Theyareabigbreakthrough.B.Theydependmoreonhardware.

C.Theyarenotinnovativeinnature.D.Theyhaven'tbeenscientificallyproved.

35.WhatdocsthewriterimplyaboutGPUs?

A.TheyareinferiortoDNNsintheirqualityofdeeplearning.

B.Theyhavemadelanguagetechnologyreliablygreaterthanever.

C.Theyhaveachievedlimitedsuccessregardinglanguagetechnology.

D.Theyhelpenhancelanguagetechnologiesbymeansofimageclassification.

32.B33.A34.C35.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。介紹了語言充滿了不確定性，現(xiàn)存的語言系統(tǒng)不夠完美，因此所有的語言技

術(shù)都開始使用數(shù)據(jù)方法，但仍然有弊端。因此也就出現(xiàn)了DNNs和GPUs,但是這兩種方法仍然不夠完美。

32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Manyearlyapproachestolanguagetechnology—andparticularlytranslation—got

stuckinaconceptualdeadend:therules-basedapproach.Intranslation,thismeanttryingtowriterulestoanalyze

thetextofasentenceinthelanguageoforigin,breakingitdownintoasortofabstractUintcrlanguagcnand

rebuildingitaccordingtotherulesofthetargetlanguage.Theseapproachesshowedearlypromise.Butlanguage

isfullofambiguities（歧又）andexceptions,sosuchsystemswerehugelycomplicatedandeasilybrokedown

whentestedonsentencesbeyondthesimplesettheyhadbeendesignedfbr.（許多早期的語言技術(shù)方法,尤其是

翻譯，都陷入了一個(gè)概念性的死胡同：基于規(guī)則的方法。在翻譯中，這意味著試圖編寫規(guī)則來分析原語的

句子文本，將其分解成一種抽象的“中介語”，并根據(jù)目標(biāo)語的規(guī)則重建它。這些方法顯示出早期的希望。

但是語言充滿了歧義和例外，所以這樣的系統(tǒng)非常復(fù)雜，在測試它們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的簡單集合之外的句子時(shí)很容易

崩潰）”可知，語言系統(tǒng)存在例外，B選項(xiàng)“找到一種語言的所有規(guī)則是不可能的''屬于基于規(guī)則的方法的問

題，故選B。

33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisreliesonsoftwarescanningvastamountsofdata,lookingforpatternsand

learningfromprecedent.（這依賴于軟件掃描大量數(shù)據(jù)，尋找模式并從先例中學(xué)習(xí)）”以及第三段“Thankstothe

growingpowerofprocessors,fallingpricesfordatastorageand,mostcrucially,theexplosioninavailabledata,

thisapproacheventuallyborefruil.（多虧了處理器不斷增長的能力，以及數(shù)據(jù)儲(chǔ)存價(jià)格的降低，更重要的是可

利用數(shù)據(jù)的激增，這種方法最終有了成果）“可知，這種方法最終有成果最重要的因素是可利用數(shù)據(jù)的突然

增多。故選A。

34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ButNilsLenke,headofresearchforalanguagetechnologycompany,

explainsmatter-of-factlythatt4DNNsarejustanotherkindofmathematicalmodel,thebasisofwhichhadbeen

wellunderstoodfordecades.Whatchangedwasthehardwarebeingused.（但是語言技術(shù)公司的研究主管Nils

Leike認(rèn)為，DNNs只是另一種數(shù)學(xué)模式，它的原理在很多年前就已經(jīng)知道了，唯一有所改變的就是硬件

的使用）''可知，NilsLenke認(rèn)為，DNNs在本質(zhì)上沒有什么太大的變化，只有硬件的使用發(fā)生了變化而已，

即它們?cè)诒举|(zhì)上沒有創(chuàng)新。故選c。

35.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thathasshiftedlanguagetechnologyfromusableatapinchtoreallyrather

good.Butsofarnoonehasquiteworkedoutwhatwillmoveiton；rommerelygoodtoreliablygreal.（這使得語

言技術(shù)從緊要關(guān)頭的可用性轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檎嬲南喈?dāng)好。但到目前為止，還沒有人弄清楚怎樣才能讓它從僅僅是

好變成可靠的好）“可知，作者認(rèn)為GPUs在語言技術(shù)方面有了進(jìn)步，從可使用到相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)，但是卻還沒達(dá)

到相當(dāng)可靠的地步，故它只是取得了有限的成功。故選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

（2023上?湖南長沙?高三長郡中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）Theexpression,^everybody'sdoingit”isverymuchat

thecenteroftheconceptpressure.Itisasocialinfluenceappliedonanindividualinordertogetthatpersontoact

orbelieveinasimilarwayasalargergroup.36Mostpeopleexperienceitinsomewayduringtheirlives.

Peoplearesocialcreaturesbynature.37Thisinstinctexplainswhytheapprovalofpeers,andthefear

ofdisapprovalissuchpowerfulforceinmanypeople'slives.Thisinstinctdrivespeopletodressonewayathome

andanotherwayatwork,ortoanswerasimple"fine"whenastrangerasks“HowareYou?^^evenifitisnot

necessarilytrue.Thereisapracticalaspecttothis.Ithelpssocietyfunctionefficiently.Additionally,itsimplifies

day-to-dayinteractionbetweenpeople.

38Theymaygotoofarastoabandontheirsenseofrightandwrong.Teensandyoungadultsmayfeel

forcedtousedrugs;matureadultsgetintodebtbecausetheytrytokeepupwithothersbybuyingexpensive

thingstheycan'tafford,likehousesorcars.39Astudentwhosefriendsaregoodatacademicmaybeurged

toworkharderandgetgoodgrades.Playersonasportsteammayfeeldriventoplayharderinordertohelp（he

teamwin.

Althoughpeerpressureissometimesquiteobvious,itcanalsobesubtlethatapersonmaynotevennotice

thatitisaffectingtheirbehavior.Forthisreason,whenmakingimportantdecisions,simplygoingwithaninstinct

isrisky.Instead,peopleshouldseriouslyconsiderwhytheyfeeldrav/ntotakingaparticularaction.40

A.However,peerpressureisnotalwaysnegative.

B.Beingself-awareisattherootofmanagingpeerpressure.

C.Thisinfluencecanbenegativeorpositiveinanygroupsize.

D.Givingintopeerpressurecanhaveemotionalconsequences.

E.Theyshouldalsoquestioniftheyarejustfollowingthecrowd.

F.Someindividualsbecomeaddictedtoseekingsocialacceptance.