2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit4HistoryandTraditionsReadingandThinking課時素養(yǎng)評價含解析新人教版必修2

PAGEUnit4HistoryandTraditions課時素養(yǎng)評價十Unit4ReadingandThinkingⅠ.單句語法填空1.Itisonlytheachievement(achieve)ofthesegoalsthatwillfinallybringlastingpeace.2.Hisfootprintswereclearlyevident(evidence)intheheavydust.3.Therearelotsofcemeteries(cemetery)outsidethecountry.4.Theyclimbedupwardalongthesteepcliffssurrounding(surround)thevillage.5.Confuciusisagreatphilosopher(philosophy)andeducatorinourcountry.6.Amustisavisittothefascinating(fascinate)MotorMuseum.7.Whenchiefs(chief)ofothertribes(部落)heardaboutthis,theywereallmoved.8.Hisletterposesanumberofpuzzling(puzzle)questions.9.Theimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng))isourmaindefence(defend)againstdisease.10.Ihavetofindaconvenientlocation(locate)fortheshelves.Ⅱ.選詞填空battleagainst,keepone’seyesopen,addto,belongto,besurroundedwith,breakawayfrom,jointo,aswellas,indefenceof,resultin1.Keepyoureyesopenforopportunitiestoimproveyourspeakingandwritingskills.

2.Thenaughtyboydoesn’tbelongtotheSmithfamily.

3.Theremoteareawasjoinedtothedevelopedareasbythenewroad.

4.Thelittlewoodenhousewassurroundedwithcolorfulflowersblooming.

5.Thevillagersbuiltastrongdamindefenceoftheirvillageagainsttheflood.

6.Whatcanwedotohelpthemtobreakawayfromthedifficultposition?

7.TheadvancedtechnologyofthegiantHDdisplayTempowilladdtoyourconvenienceduringyourworkoutinagym.

8.Wewonderwhatresultedinthegreatchangeinhischaracter.

9.Thesoldiersbattledagainsttheenemyinspiteofcoldandhunger.

10.Theresultdependsonconditionsaswellashoweventsdeveloped.

Ⅲ.依據(jù)漢語提示完成句子1.Studyingphilosophywillopenanotherwindowtoourlives.

探討哲學(xué)將打開我們生活的另一扇窗戶。2.ThelatesttechnologyofFacebookmakes3Dphotospossiblewithoutdual-camerainput.

Facebook的最新技術(shù)使不用雙攝像頭的3D照片成為可能。3.Youcanrefertothedictionaryifnecessarywhenyoupreviewthenewwords.

在你預(yù)習(xí)生詞時,必要的話可以查閱詞典。4.Thepresidentwillholdameetingtodiscusstheway(that/inwhich)thecountryisdevelopingitseducation.

總統(tǒng)將要實行會議探討這個國家發(fā)展教化的方式。5.Thecompanywillalwayshavetheworkersexaminedinhospitalattheendoftheyear.

這家公司在年末時總是會讓工人們?nèi)メt(yī)院檢查身體。Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·重慶高一檢測)TheUniversityofSheffieldBacktoitsoriginTheUniversityofSheffieldisaresearchuniversityinthecityofSheffieldinSouthYorkshire,England.Itisoneoftheoriginal“redbrick”universities,whichareagroupoftopandfamousolduniversities.TheUniversityofSheffieldwasoriginallyformedbythecombinationofthreecolleges.TheSheffieldSchoolofMedicinewasfoundedin1828,followedin1879bytheopeningofFirthCollegebyMarkFirth,asteelmanufacturer(制造商),toteachartsandsciencesubjects.FirthCollegethenhelpedtoprovidemoneyfortheopeningoftheSheffieldTechnicalSchoolin1884toteachappliedscience.In1897thethreeinstitutionswerejoinedtogethertoformtheUniversityCollegeofSheffield,whichinturnbecametheUniversityofSheffieldbyRoyalCharter(特許)in1905.ThisuniversityisfamousforitsgoodeducationandboastsanumberofNobelPrizewinnersamongitsformerstudents.MoreinformationSystem:TheUniversityhasfivedepartments:ArtsandHumanities;Engineering;PureScience;SocialScience;Medicine,DentistryandHealth.TheUniversityofSheffieldalsohasmanyresearchprogramsinfieldsincludingaerospace,environmentalscience,psychology,andbiology.Cityshow:SheffieldisalivelycityinthenorthofEngland.SheffieldisknownasthegreenestcityinEuropebecauseofits2milliontrees.Asaresult,therearemanyparksandwoodsthroughoutthecityandbeyond.SheffieldisthegreenestcityinEnglandwith150woodlandsand50publicparkswithinthecity.Once,inSheffield,thefolkhero—RobinHoodlivedinSherwoodForestwith150ofhisloyalfriends.AndCharlotteBronte,theEnglishwriternotedforhernovelJaneEyrewasborninSheffield.【文章大意】本文介紹了謝菲爾德高校的發(fā)展歷史和該高校的學(xué)院設(shè)置并對謝菲爾德這座城市進行了介紹。1.FromthefirstparagraphwhatcanweconcludeabouttheUniversityofSheffield?A.Ithasagoodfameformanygreatgraduates.B.Ithasalonghistoryofmorethan180years.C.Itisn’tonememberof“redbrick”universities.D.Itisonlyfamousforsciencesubjects.【解析】選A。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句可知,這所高校因出了許多優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生而出名。故選A。2.Sheffieldisinthe______ofEngland.

A.eastB.westC.southD.north【解析】選D。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段第一句“SheffieldisalivelycityinthenorthofEngland.”可知,該城市位于英格蘭的北部。故選D。3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Sheffieldhasverybeautifulscenery.B.CharlotteBronteisnotanEnglishwriter.C.SheffieldisthebiggestcityofEngland.D.RobinHoodisacharacterinJaneEyre.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“SheffieldisknownasthegreenestcityinEuropebecauseofits2milliontrees.Asaresult,there...withinthecity.”的關(guān)鍵信息“thegreenestcityinEurope”“thegreenestcityinEngland”可以推斷出Sheffield有美麗的風(fēng)景。故選A。B(2024·鄭州高一檢測)Idon’tthinkIcanrecallatimewhenIwasn’tawareofthebeautyoftheocean.GrowingupinAustralia,Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.ThefirsttimeIwenttoHalfmoonBay,Isuddenlyhadthefeelingofnotbeingabletofeelthegroundwithmyfeetanymore.

Formy10thbirthday,mysisterandIweretakenouttotheGreatBarrierReef(大堡礁).Therewerefishindifferentcolors,cavesandlayersofcoral(珊瑚).Theymadesuchanimpressiononme.WhenIlearnedthatonly1percentofAustralia’sCoralSeawasprotected,Iwasshocked.Australianmarine(海洋的)lifeisparticularlyimportantbecausethereefshavemoremarinespeciesthananyothercountryonearth.Butsadly,only45%oftheworld’sreefsareconsideredhealthy.Ifwecontinueddealingwiththeoceanaswearedoing,therewouldcertainlybemoreandmoremarinedisastershappeningbeforeoureyes,causingnotonlydeathsoflargequantitiesofmarinelifebutalsodamagetohealthoftheearth,ouronlyhome.Thesituationofoceanprotectionagainstdisastersisserious,soit’simportantforustodoeverythingtoprotectthem.ThehopethattheCoralSearemainsacompleteeco-system(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))hasledmetotakeaction.I’vebecomeinvolvedwiththeProtectOurCoralSeaactivity,whichaimstocreatethelargestmarineparkintheworld.Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean’sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.Together,AngusandIcreatedalittlevideoandwehopeitwillinspirepeopletobeapartofthemovement.Angusalsosharesmanybeautifulchildhoodmemoriesoftheoceanasayoungboy,whogrewupsailing,admiringthebeautyoftheocean,andtryingtofindthesecretsofoceanspecies.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章向我們介紹了澳大利亞的海洋生物面臨的危機以及作者為此所做的一些努力。4.FromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1,wecanlearntheauthor______.

A.seldomwentsurfingattheseaB.forgothisexperiencesabouttheoceanC.neverwentbacktohishometownD.hadawonderfulimpressionofHalfmoonBay【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段第一、二句可知,作者認為大海很美,自己很幸運能常?？吹胶?故畫線句應(yīng)是對半月灣的贊美。D項符合文意。5.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,Australianmarinelife______.

A.isescapingfromtheCoralSeagraduallyB.dependsonreefsforlivinggreatlyC.maybefacedwithdangerD.isprotectedbetterthanthatinotheroceans【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段最終兩句可推知,澳大利亞的海洋生物可能面臨危急。故選C項。6.TheProtectOurCoralSeaactivityisintendedto______.

A.contributetoacompleteeco-systemB.preventmoremarinespeciesfrombeingendangeredC.setupalargenaturereserveforreefsD.raisemoreteenagers’environmentalawareness【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句可推知,這項活動的目的是創(chuàng)建一個為海洋生物供應(yīng)永久平安的地方,阻擋更多的海洋物種滅亡。故選B項。7.Angusandtheauthorcreatedalittlevideoto______.

A.encouragemorepeopletotakeactiontoprotectthemarinespeciesB.inspiremorepeopletoexplorethesecretoftheoceanC.sharetheirchildhoodexperiencesabouttheoceanD.bringbacktopeopletheirmemoryofoceanspecies【解析】選A。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段第一句可知,拍攝小視頻是為了激勵人們?nèi)嵭行袆訍圩o海洋生物。故選A項。【閱讀多維訓(xùn)練】1.句式仿寫(1)GrowingupinAustralia,Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.仿寫:Workingintheofficeallday,Timwouldliketohavearelaxingwalkintheparkafterwork.

在辦公室工作了一成天,蒂姆下班后想到公園放松地散漫步。(2)ThehopethattheCoralSearemainsacompleteeco-systemhasledmetotakeaction.仿寫:Weareexcitedtohearthenewsthatthescientistshavemadeagreatbreakthroughintheresearch.

聽到科學(xué)家們在這項探討上已取得重大突破的消息,我們都很興奮。(3)Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean’sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.仿寫:Wewanttofindaplacewherewecanreadbooksquietly.

我們想找一個我們可以寧靜地讀書的地方。2.長難句分析Ifwecontinueddealingwiththeoceanaswearedoing,therewouldcertainlybemoreandmoremarinedisastershappeningbeforeoureyes,causingnotonlydeathsoflargequantitiesofmarinelifebutalsodamagetohealthoftheearth,ouronlyhome.譯文:假如我們接著像現(xiàn)在這樣對待海洋,確定會有越來越多的海洋災(zāi)難在我們眼前發(fā)生,不僅僅導(dǎo)致大量的海洋生物死亡而且損害我們唯一的家園地球的健康。分析:Ifwecontinueddealingwiththeoceanaswearedoing為條件狀語從句,其中aswearedoing為wecontinueddealingwiththeocean的方式狀語從句;主句中的happeningbeforeoureyes為marinedisasters的定語,表示主動關(guān)系;causingnotonlydeathsoflargequantitiesofmarinelifebutalsodamagetohealthoftheearth,ouronlyhome為現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作結(jié)果狀語;notonly...butalso...連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)作cause的賓語,其中ouronlyhome為theearth的同位語。

Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2024·合肥高一檢測)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Anewstudysuggeststhatthetimingofawoundaffectsthespeedatwhichitheals(痊愈).Woundssufferedduringthedayhealaround60percentfasterthanthoseatnight.Thestudyshowedhowthebodiescircadianrhythm(晝夜節(jié)律)controlledthehealingofwounds.1Ittellsourbodieswhentowakeup,eatandsleepinacycle—aseriesofactivitiesthatrepeatthemselvesdayafterday.2

Inthestudy,researchersfoundthatskincellsmovedfastertorepairwoundssufferedduringtheday.TheirfindingswerepublishedintheJournalScienceTranslationalMedicine.Theresearchersexaminedcells,mice,andburninjurydatabases.3

Nighttimeburns—burnssufferedbetween8o’clockatnightand8o’clockthenextmorningwere95percenthealedafteranaverageof28days.Butafteranaverageof17days,daytimeburns-burnssufferedbetween8o’clockinthemorningand8atnightwere95percenthealed.4

Woundsareverycostlytotreat.5InBritain’sNationalHealthServices,forexample,suchservicescostaround$6.56billionperyear.Expertssaythehighcostsresult,inpart,fromalackofdrugsthatspeeduptheclosureofwounds.

A.Eachcyclelastsabout24hours.B.Thecircadianrhythmislikeaclockortimer.C.Specifically,theirinvestigationfoundthefollowinginformation:D.Thenewstudy’sfindingscouldhelpscientistsdevelopdrugsbetter.E.Inotherwords,nighttimeinjuriestookanaverageof11dayslongertoheal95percent.F.Worldwide,billionsofdollarsarespenteveryyearonwound-treatmentservices.G.That’swhatagroupofresearchersfromauniversityinCanadarecentlypublished.【文章大意】本文介紹了一項科學(xué)探討,探討表明在白天受的傷比在夜晚受的傷愈合得更快。1.【解析】選B。依據(jù)空后信息可知,此處作者強調(diào)晝夜節(jié)律有很強的周期性,B項連接前句,表明晝夜節(jié)律像時鐘或者計時器一樣,符合語境。2.【解析】選A。依據(jù)空前句中的“acycle—aseriesofactivitiesthatrepeatthemsevlesdayafterday”可知此周期每天循環(huán),由此可推斷周期時長為24小時,故選A。3.【解析】選C?？涨疤岬教接懭藛T探討分析了燒傷數(shù)據(jù)庫,空后談到調(diào)查探討結(jié)果,由此推斷C項符合語境。4.【解析】選E。由上文信息可知,夜晚受的燒傷修復(fù)95%須要28天的周期,而白天受的燒傷修復(fù)95%只須要17天。因此可以推斷,夜晚修復(fù)95%的平均周期比白天長11天,故E項符合語境。5.【解析】選F。依據(jù)空前句可知,創(chuàng)傷治療費用高,后文舉例“suchservicescostaround$6.56billion”說明治療費用很高,因此F項符合語境。Ⅲ.完形填空Yearsago,whenIwasworkingaspsychologistatachildren’sinstitutioninEngland,aboyshowedupinthewaitingroom.ItwasDavid.David’sfacewaspale,andhestaredathisfeet1.HehadlosthisfatherasababyandwhenDavidturned13,hismotherwaskilledinacaraccident.Hewasverydepressed,2totalktoothers.

Thefirsttwotimeswemet,Daviddidn’tsayaword.Ashewasabouttoleaveafterthesecondvisit,Iputmyhandonhisshoulder.Hedidn’tshrinkback,3hedidn’tlookatmeeither.

“Comebacknextweek,”I4abit.ThenIsaid,“Iknowithurts.”

Hecame,andI5weplayagameofchess.Henodded.AfterthatweplayedchesseveryWednesdayafternoonincomplete6andwithoutmakinganyeye7.It’snoteasytocheatinchess,butIadmitthatImadesureDavid8onceortwice.

Itseemedasifheenjoyedmy9,thoughheneverlookedatme.Perhapshe10thatIrespectedhissuffering.Untilsomemonthslater,suddenly,helookedupatme,“It’syour11,”hesaid.Afterthatday,Davidstarted12.Sincethenhereallystartedtolivehisownlife.

MaybeIgaveDavid13.AndDavidshowedmehowone—withoutanywords—can14outtoanotherperson.Allittakesisahug,a15tocryon,afriendlytouch,asympatheticnatureandanearthatlistens.

【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。講解并描述的是作者幫助失去父母的戴維開啟了新的生活,作者也從這次經(jīng)驗中學(xué)到了許多。1.A.happilyB.friendlyC.nervously D.excitedly【解析】選C。考查詞義辨析。句意:他臉色蒼白,驚慌地盯著自己的雙腳。happily興奮地;friendly友好的;nervously驚慌地;excitedly興奮地。依據(jù)前文David’sfacewaspale,可知戴維臉色蒼白,這說明他很驚慌,故選C項。2.A.willingB.waitingC.refusingD.longing【解析】選C。考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:他心情低落,拒絕跟他人講話。will情愿,希望,想要;wait等待;refuse拒絕;long渴望。依據(jù)后文Thefirsttwotimeswemet,Daviddidn’tsayaword.可知頭兩次見面時戴維一句話也沒說,這說明他拒絕說話,故選C項。3.A.but B.becauseC.or D.unless【解析】選A?？疾檫B詞詞義辨析。依據(jù)前文Hedidn’tshrinkback可知戴維沒有退縮著躲開,依據(jù)后文hedidn’tlookatmeeither他也沒有看我,前后文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故選A項。4.A.hesitated B.cheeredC.relaxed D.regretted【解析】選A?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。hesitated遲疑;cheered歡呼;relaxed放松;regretted懊悔。依據(jù)后文ThenIsaid,“Iknowithurts.”可知我對戴維說“這令人難受”,結(jié)合前文可知戴維失去了父母,不情愿說話,我這么說可能會觸及他的難受處,所以遲疑了一下。故選A項。5.A.announced B.expectedC.suggested D.ordered【解析】選C?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意:他的確來了,我提議我們下國際象棋。announced宣布;expected期盼,期望;suggested建議,提議;ordered吩咐。依據(jù)后文Henodded可知戴維點頭同意,說明下國際象棋是我提出來的建議,戴維點頭是同意了“我”的建議,故選C項。6.A.equal B.silenceC.liberty D.independence【解析】選B。考查副詞和名詞詞義辨析。equal同樣;同等;silence緘默;liberty自由;independence獨立。依據(jù)后文可知戴維在幾個月之后才開口說話,這說明在這之前他都沒和我說話,我們是在緘默中下國際象棋的,故選B項。7.A.ex