版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡(jiǎn)介
第07講拋物線及其性質(zhì)(模擬精練+真題演練)1.(2023·四川成都·校聯(lián)考二模)已知點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,且點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為拋物線SKIPIF1<0上任意一點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為(
)A.5 B.6 C.7 D.8【答案】C【解析】因?yàn)辄c(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以拋物線SKIPIF1<0的方程為:SKIPIF1<0.由拋物線的定義知:點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的距離等于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到準(zhǔn)線SKIPIF1<0的距離,結(jié)合點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0與拋物線SKIPIF1<0的位置關(guān)系可知,SKIPIF1<0的最小值是點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到準(zhǔn)線SKIPIF1<0的距離,故SKIPIF1<0的最小值為7.故選:C.2.(2023·陜西西安·西安市第三十八中學(xué)??寄M預(yù)測(cè))若拋物線SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0)上一點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到焦點(diǎn)的距離是SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】設(shè)焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.故選:D3.(2023·四川成都·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是拋物線C:SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),點(diǎn)M在拋物線C上,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則點(diǎn)M到y(tǒng)軸的距離為(
)A.6 B.8 C.10 D.12【答案】B【解析】因?yàn)辄c(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0是拋物線C:SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.又因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故點(diǎn)M到y(tǒng)軸的距離為8.故選:B4.(2023·四川綿陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考二模)涪江三橋又名綿陽(yáng)富樂大橋,跨越了涪江和芙蓉溪,是繼東方紅大橋、涪江二橋之后在涪江上修建的第三座大橋,于2004年國(guó)慶全線通車.大橋的拱頂可近似地看作拋物線SKIPIF1<0的一段,若有一只鴿子站在拱頂?shù)哪硞€(gè)位置,它到拋物線焦點(diǎn)的距離為10米,則鴿子到拱頂?shù)淖罡唿c(diǎn)的距離為(
)A.6 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】如圖所示:設(shè)鴿子所在位置為點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)樗綊佄锞€焦點(diǎn)的距離為10米,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以鴿子到拱頂?shù)淖罡唿c(diǎn)的距離為SKIPIF1<0,故選:B5.(2023·全國(guó)·模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為F,準(zhǔn)線為l,與x軸平行的直線與l和拋物線C分別交于A,B兩點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(
)A.2 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.4【答案】D【解析】由拋物線定義可知SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0為等邊三角形,故SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,其中準(zhǔn)線l與SKIPIF1<0軸交點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:D6.(2023·海南·海南中學(xué)??寄M預(yù)測(cè))已知直線SKIPIF1<0和直線SKIPIF1<0,拋物線SKIPIF1<0上一動(dòng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0距離之和的最小值是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.2 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.3【答案】D【解析】由題可知SKIPIF1<0是拋物線SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線,設(shè)拋物線的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以動(dòng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到SKIPIF1<0的距離等于SKIPIF1<0到SKIPIF1<0的距離加1,即動(dòng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到SKIPIF1<0的距離等于SKIPIF1<0.所以動(dòng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線SKIPIF1<0和直線SKIPIF1<0的距離之和的最小值為焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線SKIPIF1<0的距離加1,即其最小值是SKIPIF1<0.故選:D7.(2023·河南·校聯(lián)考二模)設(shè)F為拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),點(diǎn)M在C上,點(diǎn)N在準(zhǔn)線l上,且SKIPIF1<0平行于x軸,準(zhǔn)線l與x軸的交點(diǎn)為E,若SKIPIF1<0,則梯形SKIPIF1<0的面積為(
)A.12 B.6 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】由題知SKIPIF1<0,拋物線的焦點(diǎn)F為SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線l為SKIPIF1<0,如圖所示.由題知SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,由拋物線的定義知SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0是正三角形,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.故選:D8.(2023·江西贛州·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知過拋物線C:SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線與拋物線C交于A,B兩點(diǎn)(A在第一象限),以AB為直徑的圓E與拋物線C的準(zhǔn)線相切于點(diǎn)D.若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0的面積為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.4【答案】B【解析】依題意,SKIPIF1<0,所以拋物線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0.依題意可知SKIPIF1<0與拋物線的準(zhǔn)線SKIPIF1<0垂直,在直角三角形SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0消去SKIPIF1<0并化簡(jiǎn)得SKIPIF1<0,易得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,原點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線SKIPIF1<0的距離為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:B9.(2023·福建廈門·廈門雙十中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,動(dòng)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上,圓SKIPIF1<0的半徑為1,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線與圓SKIPIF1<0相切于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為(
)A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5【答案】B【解析】因?yàn)閽佄锞€SKIPIF1<0,所以焦點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0,如下圖所示:連接SKIPIF1<0,過SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0垂直準(zhǔn)線SKIPIF1<0于SKIPIF1<0,則在直角SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0由拋物線的定義得:SKIPIF1<0,則由圖可得SKIPIF1<0的最小值即拋物線頂點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到準(zhǔn)線SKIPIF1<0的距離,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:B10.(2023·河南·統(tǒng)考三模)已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線為SKIPIF1<0,焦點(diǎn)為F,過點(diǎn)F的直線與拋物線交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),點(diǎn)P在l上的射影為SKIPIF1<0,則下列結(jié)論錯(cuò)誤的是(
)A.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0B.以PQ為直徑的圓與準(zhǔn)線l相切C.設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0D.過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0與拋物線C有且僅有一個(gè)公共點(diǎn)的直線至多有2條【答案】D【解析】由拋物線SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,由題意SKIPIF1<0,故A正確;拋物線SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,以SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓的半徑SKIPIF1<0,線段SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0,則線段SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)到準(zhǔn)線的距離為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓與準(zhǔn)線SKIPIF1<0相切,故B正確;拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0三點(diǎn)共線時(shí),取等號(hào),所以SKIPIF1<0,故C正確;當(dāng)直線斜率不存在時(shí),直線方程為SKIPIF1<0,與拋物線只有一個(gè)交點(diǎn),當(dāng)直線斜率存在時(shí),設(shè)直線方程為SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,消SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),方程得解為SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)直線與拋物線只有一個(gè)交點(diǎn),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),則SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,綜上,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0與拋物線SKIPIF1<0有且僅有一個(gè)公共點(diǎn)的直線有3條,故D錯(cuò)誤.故選:D11.(多選題)(2023·湖南常德·常德市一中??寄M預(yù)測(cè))已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,其焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線SKIPIF1<0與拋物線交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)直線SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的斜率分別為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】ABD【解析】因?yàn)閽佄锞€SKIPIF1<0經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,故A正確;所以拋物線方程為SKIPIF1<0,則焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)直線SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,消去SKIPIF1<0整理得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故B正確;所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故C錯(cuò)誤;SKIPIF1<0,故D正確;故選:ABD12.(多選題)(2023·海南??凇ずD先A僑中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測(cè))設(shè)SKIPIF1<0為拋物線SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0)的焦點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0上一點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0,則(
)A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率為SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0的面積為SKIPIF1<0【答案】ABD【解析】由題意得SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,故解得SKIPIF1<0,所以拋物線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,故A,B正確;由拋物線定義及SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0代入拋物線方程可得SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故C不正確;則SKIPIF1<0的面積SKIPIF1<0,故D正確.故選:ABD.13.(多選題)(2023·云南昭通·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知A,B是拋物線SKIPIF1<0:SKIPIF1<0上兩動(dòng)點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0為拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),則(
)A.直線AB過焦點(diǎn)F時(shí),SKIPIF1<0最小值為4B.直線AB過焦點(diǎn)F且傾斜角為SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0C.若AB中點(diǎn)M的橫坐標(biāo)為2,則SKIPIF1<0最大值為5D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】BC【解析】對(duì)于A項(xiàng),過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0分別作準(zhǔn)線SKIPIF1<0的垂線,垂足分別為SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0分別作SKIPIF1<0軸的垂線,垂足分別為SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線與SKIPIF1<0軸的交點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)直線SKIPIF1<0的傾斜角為SKIPIF1<0,畫圖為:根據(jù)拋物線的定義:SKIPIF1<0,從圖可知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,同理SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,故當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0最小值為SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0垂直于SKIPIF1<0軸,所以A不正確;對(duì)于B項(xiàng),由A可知,SKIPIF1<0,故B正確;對(duì)于C項(xiàng),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)直線SKIPIF1<0過焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)等號(hào)成立,所以SKIPIF1<0最大值為5,故C正確;當(dāng)直線SKIPIF1<0過焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)直線SKIPIF1<0不過焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0不是定值,舉例當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故D錯(cuò)誤;故選:BC.14.(多選題)(2023·福建福州·福州四中校考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線與SKIPIF1<0軸的交點(diǎn),若直線SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),則下列結(jié)論正確的為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0B.存在唯一實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,使得直線SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0相切C.恰有2個(gè)實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0成立D.恰有2個(gè)實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0成立【答案】BD【解析】對(duì)于A,由拋物線的焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,故A錯(cuò)誤;對(duì)于B,由題意,可作圖如下:由點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為拋物線SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線與SKIPIF1<0軸的焦點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0,由選項(xiàng)A可知,拋物線SKIPIF1<0,則可得函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)切點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,切線SKIPIF1<0的斜率SKIPIF1<0,可得切線方程SKIPIF1<0,整理可得:SKIPIF1<0,將SKIPIF1<0代入,可得:SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.由SKIPIF1<0為直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率,則SKIPIF1<0,故B正確;對(duì)于C,聯(lián)立可得SKIPIF1<0,消去SKIPIF1<0可得:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,可得:SKIPIF1<0,化簡(jiǎn)可得:SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,將SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0代入,則SKIPIF1<0恒成立,故C錯(cuò)誤;對(duì)于D,由C可知:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,代入SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,化簡(jiǎn)可得:SKIPIF1<0,由一元二次方程公式法可得:SKIPIF1<0,故D正確.故選:BD.15.(多選題)(2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測(cè))拋物線有如下光學(xué)性質(zhì):從焦點(diǎn)發(fā)出的光線經(jīng)拋物線反射后,沿平行于拋物線對(duì)稱軸的方向射出;反之,平行于拋物線對(duì)稱軸的入射光線經(jīng)拋物線反射后,必過拋物線的焦點(diǎn).已知平行于SKIPIF1<0軸的光線SKIPIF1<0從點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0射入,經(jīng)過拋物線SKIPIF1<0上的點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0反射,再經(jīng)過SKIPIF1<0上另一點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0反射后,沿直線SKIPIF1<0射出,經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,則(
)
A.若SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0B.若SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0C.分別延長(zhǎng)SKIPIF1<0交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,則點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線上D.拋物線SKIPIF1<0在點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0處的切線分別與直線SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0所成角相等【答案】BCD【解析】對(duì)于選項(xiàng)A、B:若SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為:SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,所以A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;由SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,得直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0的平分線上,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線SKIPIF1<0和到直線SKIPIF1<0的距離相等,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則有SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,B選項(xiàng)正確;對(duì)于選項(xiàng)C:拋物線SKIPIF1<0,焦點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線方程SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,又直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為:SKIPIF1<0,直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為:SKIPIF1<0,分別延長(zhǎng)SKIPIF1<0交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,即點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0橫坐標(biāo)為-2,所以點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線上,C選項(xiàng)正確;對(duì)于選項(xiàng)D:設(shè)拋物線在SKIPIF1<0處的切線方程為:SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0該切線與直線SKIPIF1<0所成角的正切值為SKIPIF1<0.設(shè)該切線與直線SKIPIF1<0所成角為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0該切線與直線SKIPIF1<0所成角的正切值與該切線與直線SKIPIF1<0所成角的正切值相同,即拋物線SKIPIF1<0在點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0處的切線分別與直線SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0所成角相等,D選項(xiàng)正確.故選:BCD.16.(多選題)(2023·湖南益陽(yáng)·安化縣第二中學(xué)??既#┮阎本€SKIPIF1<0過拋物線C:SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)F,且與拋物線C交于A,B兩點(diǎn),過A,B兩點(diǎn)分別作拋物線C的切線,兩切線交于點(diǎn)G,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則下列選項(xiàng)正確的是:(
)A.SKIPIF1<0B.以線段AB為直徑的圓與直線SKIPIF1<0相離C.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0面積的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0【答案】AB【解析】拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線方程為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)直線l的方程為SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0消去y得:SKIPIF1<0,于是得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,A正確;以線段AB為直線的圓的圓心SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線SKIPIF1<0距離SKIPIF1<0,由拋物線定義得SKIPIF1<0,顯然SKIPIF1<0,即以線段SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓與直線SKIPIF1<0相離,B正確;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),有SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0,于是得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,C不正確;由SKIPIF1<0求導(dǎo)得SKIPIF1<0,于是得拋物線C在A處切線方程為:SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,同理,拋物線C在B處切線方程為:SKIPIF1<0,聯(lián)立兩切線方程解得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線l:SKIPIF1<0的距離SKIPIF1<0,于是得SKIPIF1<0面積SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)取“=”,SKIPIF1<0面積的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0,D不正確.故選:AB.17.(2023·福建泉州·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0交于不同的兩點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.【答案】SKIPIF1<0/SKIPIF1<0【解析】拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,由拋物線的對(duì)稱性不妨令SKIPIF1<0,如圖,顯然SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,于是直線SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<018.(2023·陜西咸陽(yáng)·武功縣普集高級(jí)中學(xué)??寄M預(yù)測(cè))已知點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0且傾斜角為SKIPIF1<0的直線交拋物線SKIPIF1<0于SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.【答案】SKIPIF1<0/SKIPIF1<0【解析】由題意知SKIPIF1<0的方程為SKIPIF1<0,代入SKIPIF1<0的方程,得SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0;因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,整理得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,結(jié)合SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.19.(2023·上海虹口·華東師范大學(xué)第一附屬中學(xué)??既#┮阎猄KIPIF1<0是拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),P是拋物線C上一動(dòng)點(diǎn),Q是曲線SKIPIF1<0上一動(dòng)點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】由拋物線SKIPIF1<0,可得焦點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線方程為SKIPIF1<0,又由曲線SKIPIF1<0,可化為SKIPIF1<0,可得圓心坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0,半徑SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0,垂足為SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0,垂足為SKIPIF1<0,交拋物線于SKIPIF1<0,如圖所示,根據(jù)拋物線的定義,可得SKIPIF1<0,要使得SKIPIF1<0取得最小值,只需使得點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0重合,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0重合,即SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0在一條直線上時(shí),所以SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.20.(2023·甘肅隴南·統(tǒng)考一模)設(shè)SKIPIF1<0為拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0為該拋物線上不同的三點(diǎn),若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0.【答案】14【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,易知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.由拋物線的定義可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:1421.(2023·河北保定·河北省唐縣第一中學(xué)??级#┰谄矫嬷苯亲鴺?biāo)系SKIPIF1<0中,已知直線SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0),定點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0與定直線SKIPIF1<0,過P向直線SKIPIF1<0作垂線,垂足為H.SKIPIF1<0,若動(dòng)點(diǎn)P的軌跡為曲線C,且直線SKIPIF1<0與曲線C相切,則SKIPIF1<0.【答案】SKIPIF1<0/SKIPIF1<0【解析】由題意可知,動(dòng)點(diǎn)P的軌跡是以F為焦點(diǎn),以SKIPIF1<0為準(zhǔn)線的拋物線SKIPIF1<0,即曲線SKIPIF1<0的方程為:SKIPIF1<0,將直線SKIPIF1<0與拋物線方程聯(lián)立得:SKIPIF1<0,消去x化簡(jiǎn)得:SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0),因?yàn)橹本€SKIPIF1<0與曲線C相切,所以SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0),解得:SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.22.(2023·廣東茂名·茂名市第一中學(xué)校考三模)已知SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),直線SKIPIF1<0過拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,與拋物線SKIPIF1<0及其準(zhǔn)線依次交于SKIPIF1<0三點(diǎn)(其中點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0之間),若SKIPIF1<0.則SKIPIF1<0的面積是.【答案】SKIPIF1<0/SKIPIF1<0【解析】過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0垂直于準(zhǔn)線,垂足為SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0垂直于準(zhǔn)線,垂足為SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)準(zhǔn)線與SKIPIF1<0軸相交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,如圖,則SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.又SKIPIF1<0軸,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,又拋物線SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以拋物線SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率SKIPIF1<0,則直線SKIPIF1<0,與拋物線方程聯(lián)立SKIPIF1<0,消SKIPIF1<0并化簡(jiǎn)得SKIPIF1<0,易得SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,又直線SKIPIF1<0,可化為SKIPIF1<0,則點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到直線SKIPIF1<0的距離SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.23.(2023·上海嘉定·上海市嘉定區(qū)第一中學(xué)校考三模)已知點(diǎn)P是拋物線SKIPIF1<0上的動(dòng)點(diǎn),Q是圓SKIPIF1<0上的動(dòng)點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0的最大值是.【答案】SKIPIF1<0/SKIPIF1<0【解析】拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線為SKIPIF1<0,圓SKIPIF1<0的圓心為SKIPIF1<0,半徑SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0垂直準(zhǔn)線SKIPIF1<0,垂足為SKIPIF1<0,由拋物線的定義可知SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0取到最大值SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,因此,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的最大值是SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.24.(2023·福建莆田·??寄M預(yù)測(cè))已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0上異于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的兩點(diǎn)(SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)),若SKIPIF1<0,過SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為.【答案】1【解析】過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),等號(hào)成立.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.1.(2020?新課標(biāo)Ⅲ)設(shè)SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),直線SKIPIF1<0與拋物線SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】法一:將SKIPIF1<0代入拋物線SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以拋物線方程為:SKIPIF1<0,它的焦點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故選:SKIPIF1<0.法二:易知,SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,代入拋物線方程SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,故選:SKIPIF1<0.2.(2020?北京)設(shè)拋物線的頂點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,焦點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,準(zhǔn)線為SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0是拋物線上異于SKIPIF1<0的一點(diǎn),過SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0于SKIPIF1<0,則線段SKIPIF1<0的垂直平分線SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A.經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0 B.經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0 C.平行于直線SKIPIF1<0 D.垂直于直線SKIPIF1<0【答案】SKIPIF1<0不妨設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)準(zhǔn)線為SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0軸交點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,可得四邊形SKIPIF1<0為正方形,根據(jù)正方形的對(duì)角線互相垂直,故可得線段SKIPIF1<0的垂直平分線,經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,故選:SKIPIF1<0.另由拋物線的定義知,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0為等腰三角形,且SKIPIF1<0為等腰三角形SKIPIF1<0的底邊,所以線段SKIPIF1<0的垂直平分線經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0.故選:SKIPIF1<0.3.(多選題)(2023?新高考Ⅱ)設(shè)SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),直線SKIPIF1<0過拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),且與SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0的準(zhǔn)線,則SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.以SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓與SKIPIF1<0相切 D.SKIPIF1<0為等腰三角形【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】直線SKIPIF1<0過拋物線SKIPIF1<0的焦點(diǎn),可得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0正確;拋物線方程為:SKIPIF1<0,與SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),直線方程代入拋物線方程可得:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0不正確;SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo):SKIPIF1<0,中點(diǎn)到拋物線的準(zhǔn)線的距離為:SKIPIF1<0,所以以SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓與SKIPIF1<0相切,所以SKIPIF1<0正確;SKIPIF1<0,不妨可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0不是等腰三角形,所以SKIPIF1<0不正確.故選:SKIPIF1<0.4.(多選題)(2022?新高考Ⅱ)已知SKIPIF1<0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),過拋物線SKIPIF1<0焦點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線與SKIPIF1<0交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),其中SKIPIF1<0在第一象限,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0A.直線SKIPIF1<0的斜率為SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】如圖,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由拋物線焦點(diǎn)弦的性質(zhì)可得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0正確;SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0錯(cuò)誤;SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0正確;SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0均為銳角,可得SKIPIF1<0,
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 2024年度停車場(chǎng)排水系統(tǒng)施工合同規(guī)范文本3篇
- 固化劑采購(gòu)合同6篇
- 編程軟件課程設(shè)計(jì)
- 抗腫瘤新藥行業(yè)專題
- 脫甲烷塔課程設(shè)計(jì)
- 2024幼兒園招生工作計(jì)劃(31篇)
- 算法課的課程設(shè)計(jì)
- 線上課程設(shè)計(jì)基本要素
- 算數(shù)運(yùn)算測(cè)試java課程設(shè)計(jì)
- 藥劑課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告
- 江蘇省期無(wú)錫市天一實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)第二學(xué)期期末達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)試題含答案
- 耕地占補(bǔ)平衡系統(tǒng)課件
- 2022年山東師范大學(xué)自考英語(yǔ)(二)練習(xí)題(附答案解析)
- 醫(yī)院工作流程圖較全
- NB/T 11431-2023土地整治煤矸石回填技術(shù)規(guī)范
- 醫(yī)療器械集中采購(gòu)文件(2024版)
- 上海市2024-2025學(xué)年高一語(yǔ)文下學(xué)期分科檢測(cè)試題含解析
- 血液透析高鉀血癥的護(hù)理查房
- 佛山市2022-2023學(xué)年七年級(jí)上學(xué)期期末考試數(shù)學(xué)試題【帶答案】
- 使用權(quán)資產(chǎn)實(shí)質(zhì)性程序
- 保險(xiǎn)公司增額終身壽主講課件
評(píng)論
0/150
提交評(píng)論