2024年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第31講閱讀表達(dá)（核心考點(diǎn)）（原卷版）

第31講閱讀表達(dá)（核心考點(diǎn)精講精練）

L考情探究自

i.三年真題表達(dá)考點(diǎn)細(xì)目表

天津卷3月記敘文人與自我：作者從內(nèi)向害羞到自信的轉(zhuǎn)變

2020年

6月記敘文人與自我：找到真正自我和自信不再追隨他人發(fā)揮自己

特長

天津卷3月記敘文人與自我：找到自己真正地愛好特長實(shí)現(xiàn)人生的轉(zhuǎn)變

2021年

6月記敘文人與社會：湯講述了退休藝術(shù)家AnnekeCamstra,人老

心不老，積極對待生活，在線上從事動畫教學(xué)的故事.

天津卷3月記敘文人與社會：湯退休夫婦制作手工玩具捐贈給慈善幫助貧

困兒童。

2022年

6月記敘文人與社會：湯文章主要記敘了作者經(jīng)歷過的一個突發(fā)事

故，新年夜變壓器爆炸，十五個朋友面面相覷，沒有電

還需要做年夜飯，但作者和朋友一起努力，度過了一個

美好的新年夜

2021年北京說明文人與社會：如果爭吵得到解決，與之相關(guān)的情緒反應(yīng)會

卷顯著減少或幾乎完仝消除

2022年北京記敘文人與社會：湯姆看到自己學(xué)校的學(xué)生喝含糖的飲料，隨

卷后發(fā)明了一種適合所有年齡的人們可以喝的無糖的健康

飲料

2023年北京說明文人與自我：習(xí)慣是如何形成的以及對人的影響

卷

2.命題規(guī)律及備考策略

【命題規(guī)律】

近三年閱讀表達(dá)命題規(guī)律呈以下特點(diǎn)：

體裁：記敘文為主說明文為輔，難度系數(shù)較低，適中。考查題型細(xì)節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題、主旨大意

題和詞義猜測題，還有開放性題目。

【備考策略】

努力提升解題能力，以便輕松應(yīng)對此題型。俗話說熟能生巧。在日常學(xué)習(xí)中，學(xué)生要認(rèn)真對待老師精選的

相關(guān)訓(xùn)練，勤加練習(xí)。練習(xí)時需注意以下幾個方面：

（1）讀懂題目，帶問題閱讀：

（2）快速通讀全文，明確文章主旨大意：

（3）針對題目各個擊破。就歸納總結(jié)具體信息類題目，應(yīng)確保所查找信息點(diǎn)全面：詞義、句意猜測類題目，

要聯(lián)系前后文語境判斷；觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度或?qū)懽饕鈭D類題目，應(yīng)基于文章的整體內(nèi)容作答；主旨要義以及推理

題需視具體情況而定，有針對段落的命題，也有針對文章整體內(nèi)容的命題。

（4）答語要簡潔、準(zhǔn)確。因?yàn)橛性~數(shù)要求，學(xué)生應(yīng)學(xué)會轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)方式，必要時可用單詞代替短語，用非

謂語代替從句，用構(gòu)詞法進(jìn)行詞性或詞義轉(zhuǎn)換。名言警句一般都簡潔明了，可用來作答某些題目。

（5）做好作答后的檢查，檢查項(xiàng)包括作答內(nèi)容是否與設(shè)問“對應(yīng)”、作答詞數(shù)是否符合題目要求、拼寫（含

大小寫）、語法、標(biāo)點(diǎn)等是否正確無誤。

【命題預(yù)測】

從近三年命題的發(fā)展趨勢來看，預(yù)測2024年高考閱讀表達(dá)閱讀表達(dá)仍然會粽合考查考生的信息捕捉能

力、語言概括能力、推理判斷能力以及自主創(chuàng)新能力。

考點(diǎn)流理

[ID題型總覽

高考改革的一大特色就是在局考中增加了閱讀表達(dá)這一題型。占10分，5個小題。閱讀表達(dá)題是一種綜合

性的題型，既考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，乂考查書面表達(dá)能力，同時，這類題目不但選材緊跟時代步伐，

而且體裁多樣、結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、層次分明，是一種不錯的試題。然而，同學(xué)們對這一題型卻感到天手無策，不

知從何下筆。針對這一情況，我們應(yīng)在平時的訓(xùn)練中不斷總結(jié)做題方法，探索答題規(guī)律，掌握這類題目的

解題技巧。

開放性問題答語積累】

人性格形容詞determined,brave,persistent,lovely,loving,friendly,warmhearted?kind,nice?good,patient,

responsible?humorous,active,optimistic

Apersonwithastrongsenseofresponsibility

Apersonwhonevergivesup

故事的形容詞fantastic,moving,impressive

獲得什么啟示？Iwillnevergiveupwhenfacing/Iamfacedwithdifficulties.

Iwillsparenoefforttoachievemygoal/drcamnomatterhowhard/difficultitis.

你是負(fù)責(zé)人，舉辦什么活動？回答詳細(xì)內(nèi)容deliveraspccch/organizcapctition/holdanactivity（norderto）

1willencouragethemtoovcrcthedifficulties.

你的職業(yè)？你想選擇什么專業(yè)？

Iwanttobeacook,becauseIcancookvariousdeliciousfoodtomeetpeople'stastes./tomakemyselfhappy.

Iwanttobeadoctor.becauseIcansavepeople'slifeandhelpthemtreatthedisease.

Iwanttobeateacher,becauseIcanteachstudentsknowledgeandhelpthemtobeusefulpersons.

Iwanttomajorinmaths,becausemathscanhelpmecultivatelogicalandrationalthinking.

IwanttolearnEnglish,becauseIhavenodifficultyinmunicatingwithforeignfriendsinEnglish./itpalysan

importantroleinourdailylift.

考點(diǎn)-、細(xì)節(jié)表達(dá)題

細(xì)節(jié)表達(dá)題：

1、題目要求：要求考生能撲捉并理解文章中出現(xiàn)的具體信息，并結(jié)合文中的具體要求進(jìn)行回答。

2、設(shè)問形式此類問題的設(shè)置通?；谖恼伦陨韮?nèi)容，常用what,why,how等特殊疑問詞進(jìn)行提問。

3、答題技巧：解該類題時，首先要仔細(xì)審題，然后根據(jù)題干中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞快速、準(zhǔn)確地在文章中定位相

應(yīng)的語句，結(jié)合該語句（或其.上下句）的內(nèi)容，用正確的格式進(jìn)行回答，答案內(nèi)容往往是固定的、唯一的。

問題形式：

①Why..?回答形式:+名詞性短語（表示原因）；To+動Because+句子（表示原因）；Becauseof詞原形（表示

目的）；Inorderto+動詞原形（表FI的）

②問題形式：What...?回答形式：完整的句子：名詞（短語）；動名詞（短語）

③問題形式：列舉性問題?；卮鹦问剑好~（短語）；動名詞（短語）。

④問題形式：How...?（詢問方式）回答形式：By（doing）..；完整的句子。

5A7典例引領(lǐng)

2021年6月天津卷

Mostofusassociatelearningwithyoungerpeople—kidsinschoolandcollegeorrecentgiaduatesearlyin

theiicareers.ButatUdemy.anopenuniversityofferingonlinecourses.ArtistAnnekeCamstraisengagedinthe

pursuitoflifelongleanunganddisplaysherpotentialfbiteaching.Shelovestheexperienceofgainingnew

knowledgeandalsolovesshaiingitwithothers."I'mretired,butanailistneverretires,,'Aiinekesaid."Thelast

fewyearsontheinternethavebeenagreatjoyforme.I'vetakensomanyUdemycourses,andifssuchagieat

feelingtogetmybrainworkingagain.Ifindjustasmuchsatisfactioninteachinganimation（動畫制M乍）too.”

56.WhatdocsAnnekeenjoydoingafterherretirement?（nomorethan10words）

w即時檢測

（2023?天津河西?統(tǒng)考二模）閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成下列各題。

Attheageof15,RoxanneBlackWcishcitwastoldthatshegotlupus,asystemicautoimmune（自身免疫）

diseasethatoccurswhenone'sbody'simmunesystemattacksthehealthytissuesandorgans.Shortlyafter,

BlackWeisheitdesperatelysoughtemotionalsupport.Shewantedafriendwhocouldtnilyunderstandhersituation,

andshefiguredtherewereotherswhoneededthis,too.

So,duringherfirstyearofco.lege,shecreatedFriends'HealtliConnection（FHC）,anonprofitorganization

thathelpedpeoplewithsimilarhealtliconditions.

AsshewasstartingFHC,lupuswasdestroyingherkidneyfiinciion.Duringhersenioryearofcollege,shehad

herfirstkidneytransplantand13yearslater,shehadhersecondone.Throughitall、shedidn'tfbrgoFHC.She'd

eventransformedherhospitalroomintoan“office"andworkedinherhospitalbed.

Aftergraduation,shesecuredenoughfiindingtocontinuegrowingherorganization,anditbecameherfiilltime

job.But,unfortunately,lupusandkidneytransplantsweren'ttheendofBlackWeisheitsshealthissues.Fiveyears

ago,at42,shehadlymphoma.

BlackWeisheit'snewdiseaseleftherextremelyweakandtired,andsheknewshehadtomakeachoiceabout

FHC."Sinceinytimeandenergywerelimitedandmyfuturewasuncertain,theboardandIdecidedtocloseour

office.Iwantedtodevoteallmyenergytokeepingmyfamilylifeasnormalaspossible/*sheexplained.

Hercareerdidn'tendthere,though.Whenshestartedfeelingbetter,shefelttheurgetostartworkingagain.

UsingherexperiencefromFHC,shestartedanewpany—ScheduleAuthors,whichhelpsotherpanics

scheduledifferenttypesofspeakersfbrtheirevents.ThisisnowBlackWeisheit'scurrentjob.Butshemissed

runningherownnonprofitorganization,soshestartedtryingtofigureouthowtobringbackFHC.

And,recently,shereceivedsomegreatnews:ApastFHCdonorwouldprovideherwithagranttogetthe

organizationrunningagain.

6.WhatdidBlackWcishcitrealizeshortlyafterbeingtoldthatshegotlupus?(nomorethan8words)

7.WhydidBlackWeisheitcreatethenonprofitorganizationFHC?(nomorethan10words)

8.HowdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3?(nomorethan10words)

9.WhatmadeBlackWeisheitdecidetoclosetheofficeintheend?(nomorethan5words)

10.WhatdoyouthinkofBlackWeisheit?Why?(nomorethan20words)

由考點(diǎn)二、主旨表達(dá)題

1.題目要求：

①概括全文或文中某一段的大意；

②給文章擬一個恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題。

2.設(shè)問形式：

①What'sthemainideaofthepassage/Paragraph...?@What*sthepassagemainlyabout?

③What1sthebesttitlefbrthepassage?

3.答題技巧：考生在回答該類問題時，要善于歸納文章、語段的主旨大意；善于查找文章中的主題段、主

題句、關(guān)鍵詞和核心詞。

解該類題時，注意一要緊扣能夠體現(xiàn)文章或段落主旨的關(guān)鍵詞，二要計(jì)言簡練。

4.常用的回答形式有：

①名詞短語/動名詞短語；②名詞+后置定語；名詞+定語從句；名詞+同位語從句；

③名詞性從句或"疑問詞+不定式":What.../Why...How./Howto...?

典例引領(lǐng)

2021年6月天津卷

MostofAnneke'sstudentsstartoutthinkingtliey,renotcreativeandcan'tdraw.Annekeunderstandshowfear

cangetinthewayofsomanytilingspeopledreamofdoing.Withherfive-daycliallengecourses,shelielpsthem

getoverthefear.Annekelovestheimpactshehasonherstudents.Whatmakeshermoreproudofthemistliatthey

havegonefiomtheirfirstaniinationtocreatingtheiiownworks.

Sheencoiuagespeopleofallages,especiallyolderpeople,tocultivatetheiicuriosityfbilife.Grandparents,

forexample,canlearntouseGoAnimateandmakeanimationstogetherwiththeirgiandkids.

*vlmanolderwoman,teachingandhavinghinlearningagain.Annekesaid,andshewantsotherslaterintieir

livestocatchupwithheronthisjoumey.

58.WhatisthemainideaofPara.3?（nomorethan15words）

也即時檢測

（2023?北京昌平?統(tǒng)考二模）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。

Therearemanyhistoricalsitesandplacesintheworldthatgiveusinsightandevidenceofthepastcivilization.

Thesesiteshelpuslearnaboutourancestors,theirlivingandculture.Thesesitescanbecalledmonoruniversal

hertage（遺產(chǎn)）ofhumankindandourworldheritage.

Thesesitesfromthepastcivilizationsarefbrallhumans.Wemustliveinthemtodayandalsopassthemonto

futuregenerations.Theyteachusaboutourpastandrepresentthegreatachievementsofourancestorsandmakeus

proud.Worldheritagehashistorical,culturalandeconomicsignificance.Ithasexceptionalvalueandimportance

fbrhumankindfromhistory,scienceandartspointsofviewandmustbecaredfbr.

ManyUNESCOsitesthatstandtodayareunderthreat.ThereisalistofthirtysitesbyUNESCOthatare

endangered.Therearemanyexternalfactorsresponsiblefbrdamagingtheworldheritage,someofwhichare

climatechange,naturaldisasters,urbanizationanduncheckedtourismetc.

Withthegrowingstrengthoftheseexternalfactors,itisbeingmoreandmoreimportanttotakeproper

measurestosaveandpreservethesetimelessachievementsofhumankind.Therearcmanyinanitiesand

organizationsintheworldwhicharcworkingtoprotectthesesites.Wccanworkwiththeseorganizations,travel

agencies,governmentgroupsandlocalmunitics.Wcshouldjointhemtosupporttheircause.Anotherwaytoplay

ourpartistoshouldertravelresponsibilityTourismcangeneratefiindsfbrtherestorationofhistoricalsitesbutat

thesametimeuncheckedtourismcandamagethemseriously.

Theyoungergenerationmustpresenetheidentityofthepeoplewhocamebeforethem.Nomatterwhatisour

reach,\vcshouldhelpprotectthemthrougheffectivemeans.Oureverystepwouldcountandhelpinprotectingthe

worldheritagesites.

74.WhatisParagraph2mainlytalkingabout?

［考點(diǎn)三、推斷表達(dá)題

i.題目要求：

要求考生能夠在理解原文字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上，通過對語篇邏

輯關(guān)系的分析，做出合理的推理和判斷。推斷表達(dá)題包含兩個方面的，容，一是對文中的具體內(nèi)容做出推

理和判斷；二是推測作者或文中相關(guān)人物的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。

2.設(shè)問形式：

①What'sthepurposeofthetext?

②Forwhatpurposedoestheauthormention..inParagraph...?

③Whatdoestheauthorreallymeanbysaying...?

④Whatkindofattitudedoestheauthorhavetowards...?

⑤Whatdocs...imply?

?Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

3.答題技巧：

①要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的線索。②要對文字的表面信息進(jìn)行由表及里的挖掘加工,

不能斷章取義，以么全。

③要忠實(shí)于原文，以文章提供的事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)，立足已知，推斷未知。

④不能主觀臆想，也不能以自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的觀點(diǎn)

⑤了解語篇結(jié)構(gòu)，重視文章的主旨，體會文章基調(diào)，所寫答案的內(nèi)容一定要立足于語篇內(nèi)容和主旨。

⑥把握句子間和段落間的邏輯關(guān)系，把握邏輯發(fā)展的方向，悟用作者1L弦外之音，揣摩出作者的態(tài)度。

⑦回答要緊扣題目，語言既要完整，又要簡潔，不要超過規(guī)定詞數(shù)。

典例引領(lǐng)

[2022年天津卷第二次】Itwasadarkandstormynight.Theferociouswindshookthewindowswildly,as

thoughsomeoneoutsidewerebeatingontheglass.ItwasalsoNewYear'sEve.Wewerehavingourannualparty

andhadahousefullofpeoplejuststartingtocelebrate.

Suddenly,weheardloudexplosions.Lookingoutsideandupintothehills,wesawsparks（“<?花）flyingfrom

electricaltransfbrmers（變壓器）.Oneareaafteranotherwentdarkupinthosehills.Thentherewastheloudest

explosionofthemallandourhousewentdarktoo.Itriedtofindeverycandlewehadandlitthem.Thecandles

madeeverythinglooklovely.Butwehadproblems.Wehadfifteenpeoplestandingaroundandwestillhadtocook

dinner.Howwouldwedothatwithoutelectricity?

Thebarbecue!Whynotcookonthebarbecue?Wemenwentoutside,someholdingflashlightsandothers

cooking.Wedidawonderfuljob.Thewomenstayedinsideandgotthesaladsready.Everythingwasdelicious.

Therewerestillafewhourstogobeforethebeginningofthenewyear,sowcallsataroundthediningroomtabic

andsangupuntilafewminutesbeforemidnight.Wccouldn'twatch:hcballdropinTimesSquareontelevisionbut

thatwouldn'tstopusfromcelebrating.Istoodonachairand,withthehelpofsomeone'swatchtotellusthetime,

weallcounteddownandIdroppedatennisball!WeallscreamedHappyNewYear.Wedidn'tneedelectricityfbr

that!

Nowadays,westillgettogetherwiththesamegrouptocelebratetheNewYearandwestilltalkaboutthat

specialnight.Idon'tthinkwehaveeverlaughedsomuchaswedidonthatNewYear'sEve.

59.HowdocstheauthorfeelaboutthatparticularNewYear'sEve?（nomorethan8words）

60.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostnecessaryqualitywhendealingwithanunexpecteddifficultsituation?Please

explainwhy.（nomorethan25words）

【答案59.Itwasthemostexcitingone./Itwasanightfilledwithlaughter./Itwasspecial./Exciting./Pleasant./

☆即時檢測

（2023?天津?耀華中學(xué)?？家荒＃╅喿x短文，并按照題FI要求用英語回答問題。

Lifeonthestreetisaconstantstrugglefbrhomelesspeople.Inextremeweatherconditions,tha:strugglebees

evenmoredifficult.Recently,homelesspeopleacrossChicagofacedfreezingtodeathiftheycouldn'tfindshelter

fbrthenight.

Thankfillly,onelocalwomanrefusedtoletthathappen.OnJanuary30,34ycaroldCandicePayne,alocal

managingbroker,waskickyenoughtohaveshelterfromthedangerousconditions.uItwas20℃,andIknewthey

weregoingtobesleepingoniceandIhadtodosomething,saicPayne.Paynestartedbrainstormingdifferent

waysshecouldpossiblyhelp.Finally,shedecidedtoseeiftherewereanyroomsavailableatlocalinnsandhotels

thatshecouldgettohelpthosestuckonthestreet.

ForPayne,hermissionwaspersonal.AccordingtoPayne,herhusband,CarlosCallahan,hadlivedonthe

streetatonepointinhislife.Basedonhisexperience,Payneknewthatthehomelesspeoplestilllivingonthestreet

desperatelyneededhelpandshewantedtostepup.

However,whenPayneexplainedwhatshewastryingtodo,manyofthelocalhotelsrefusedtoallowherto

payfortheroomsastheydidn'twanthomelesspeopletostayintheirrooms.uNoonewantedthem,butonehotel,

theAmberInn,wasniceenoughtoallowmetobuytherooms,”saidPayne.

Payne'sselflessactmadenewsacrossthecountry.However,sheinsistedshehadneverdoneitfbrattention.UI

amaregularperson,“saidPayne,whospentthousandsofdollarsofherownmoneytohelppletestrangers.t4Itall

soundedlikearichpersondidthis,butTmjustalittleblackgirlfromtheSouthSide.^^

60.WhywasCandicePaynedetenninedtohelphomelesspeople?(nomorethan10words)

；考點(diǎn)四、猜詞表達(dá)題

一）題目要求：考生能夠利用上下文判斷某個單詞、短語或句子在特定語言環(huán)境中的確切含義。

（二）設(shè)問形式：

①What1sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword/phrase/partinthe...paragraph'?

②Whatdocstheunderlinedpartinthe..paragraphmean?、

（三）答題技巧：結(jié)合文章主旨大意、整合上下文語境信息進(jìn)行猜測，還要利用同義或者反義關(guān)系、構(gòu)詞

法及語篇文脈關(guān)系等理解猜測其含義有些題目需要對較大的上下文范闈進(jìn)行理解，甚至通過理解整個語

篇.能進(jìn)行猜測判斷。

（四）常用的回答形式有：①相近含義、相同詞性的單詞；②完整、直白、簡短的句子。

1、根據(jù)上下文語境理解詞義

2、根據(jù)釋義猜測詞義：

①借助畫線詞后面破折號所給出的解釋、同位語、定語從句等來確定詞義。構(gòu)成同位關(guān)系的兩部分之間多

用逗號、冒號、破折號和小括號等連接；定語從句在文中起著解釋和說明的作用。

②如果生詞在文中直接被句子或段落解釋，理解句子或段落本身就能推斷出詞義。

1了典例引領(lǐng)

2022年6月天津考題

閱讀表達(dá)

Itwasadarkandstonnynight.Theferociouswindshookthewindowswildly,asthouglisomeoneoutside

werebeatingontheglass.ItwasalsoNewYear'sEve.Wewerehavingoiuannualpaityandhadahousefiillof

peoplejuststallingtocelebrate.

56.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninParagraph1?（1word）

☆即時檢測

（2023?天津和平?統(tǒng)考二模）閱讀短文，并按照題目要求用英語回答問題。

TheAppalachianTrailattractsthousandsofserioushikerseachspring,onlyoneinfourhikerspletestheentire

trail.

TheSuttonfamilyrecentlyfinishedhikingtheentiretrail.Theyareauniquetrio（三人組）astheirsonHarvey

turnedfiveonthetrail,whichmakeshimtheyoungesttopletetheAppalachianTrail.JoshandCanieSuttonsaid

theyneededtotake,breaksfrombusyworkcalledminiretirements.**Wesetthefamilygoaloflivingalifewith

extraordinarystories.DoingthingslikehikingwithachildontheAppalachianTrailgivesyouextraordinarystories,M

JoshSuttonsaid.

WhenHaneyturnedthree,theytookhimwintercamping,andbythetimehewasfour,thefamilyplctcda

50milchike,campingoversixdays.SeeingthatHarveydevelopedapassionfbrhiking,theyplannedathruhikeon

theAppalachianTrail.Hikingfromendtoendiscalledathruhikeandgenerallytakesfivetosevenmonthstopletc.

TheyhitthetrailinGeorgiaonJanuary13,2021.Thefirstweekswerecold.Thetrailwasicyand

snowcovcrcd,andtheweatherwasoftencloudyandbitter,sotheymadeslowprogress.Theywouldwakeupearly

eachday,packtheirgear（裝備）,andthenstartwalking.Astheyhadmanymilestocovereachday,theyhadtobe

inventiveandstartedusingimaginationandSkittles（彩虹糖）asincentivefbrlittleIlarvey.

ThefamilypletedtheirjourneyonAugust9,2021.LittleHarveylearnedtocountallthewayto2,193,the

totalmileshislittlefeettraveled,andabignumberfbrsomeonewhojuststartedkindergarten.willdoitagain

becauselikeitsomuch,“saidHarvey.

AlthoughtheSuttonsarenowbackhome,theyhaveincrediblememoriesofthisminiretirement.Thejourney

isalifechangingexperienceIbrtheSuttonfamilyandisaninspirationfbrfamilieswhodreamoftakingasimilar

journey.

4.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“incentive”inParagraph5probablymean?（nomorethan1word）

好題沖關(guān)

過關(guān)檢測

（2023?天津北辰?統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）閱讀短文，并按照題目要求用英語回答問題。

In2019,thestateofCaliforniawasonfire.AlexandriaVillascor,whowas13atthetime,witnessedthe

destructionofNorthernCalifornia'sCampFire,whichwouldgoontoburnmorethan150,000acresofland.

Villascorwasscared."That'swhenIfoundouthowimportantclimateeducationwas,“shereflected.,lAndjusthow

muchwelackedclimateeducationthesepastcoupleofyears.”

Villaseor,attheageof15,wasdeterminedtohaveabiggerconversation.Shequicklyrealizedthefight

requiresinternational,govemmentlevelchanges.Forher,whatstartedaslocalconcernturnedintoayearlong

protestinfrontoftheUnitedNations'NewYorkCityheadquartersandaglobalcampaignfbrmorepulsoryclimate

education.Shesatonabenchinfrontoftheheadquarters,beggingfbrtheworld'sleaderstotakeclimatechange

seriously.

Heractionreceivednationalattention,withmillionsofotherstudentsaroundtheworldjoininginthe

movement."It'splctclyunacccptabknottolearnanythingaboutourplanetandourenvironmentinschool,afterall

thevoungpeoDlewouldinherittheEarth."Villaseorsaid,“That'swhyIthinkthatclimateeducationissoimportant,

andthat,swhyIfocusalotonitnow.”

Rightnow,VillaseorisworkingwiththeAmericanAdministrationonitsclimateplan,whichhaspromisedto

centerontheneedsofyoungpeopleandmuniticsmostimpactedbyclimatechange.Sheevenspokeatthe2021

DemocraticNationalConvention.tfcThiswasdefinitelyahugemomentwhenIrealizedthatpeoplewerelisteningto

thevoicesofmeandyouthclimateactivists.''Villaseorsaid.

Whensheisn'tconnectingwithherfellowyouthactivists,Villaseorislikemostotherteens.lkMyfavorite

thingtodo.ofcourse,issleepJshesaid.UIliketoreadalot.Ilikefantasybooks,nonnally.Ialsoliketowrite.''

1.WhatdoesParagraph1mainlytellus?(nomorethan10words)

2.HowdidVillaseormaketheworld'sleadersattachimportancetoclimateeducation?(nomorethan15words)

3.HowdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3?(nomorethan15words)

4.WhenwasthehugemomenttoVillaseor?(nomorethan10words)

5.WhatdoyouthinkofVillaseor?Pleaseexplaininyourownwords?(nomorethan20words)

(2023?北京?北京交通大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)校考三模)閱讀下面短文，艱據(jù)題后要求回答問題。

Fashion'sMeltDown

Throwawaycultureistrashingtheplanet—butoneyoungchemicalengineerhasherownwaytoturnitover.

Fastfashionhaschangedthewaywedress.Webuymoreclothes,moreoften-butwewearthemless.Alina

Bassi,founderofKleiderly,wantstcgiveourclothingwasteanotherchanceatausefi.illife.

Bassihasalwayscaredaboutthethreatofclimatechange,butsheactuallystartedhercareerintheoilindustry.

Afterafewyears,shelandedatbiobean,astartupthatturnedwastecofleegroundsintoproductsthatcouldbe

burntfbrheatandfuel.Afterayear,Bassiwaskeentobranchout—usedcoffeegroundsarcnotthebiggestthreat

facingtheplanet.Instead,shepouredhereffortsintotacklingamuchbiggerglobalpolluter:thefashionindustry.

AccordingtotheEllenMacArthurFoundation,weproduce100billionitemsofclothingperyear,andthisis

settodoubleby2050.Buttheydon'tlastlongenoughtoo抵et(抵消)thecarboncostofproducingthematerial,

creatingtheclothes,andthenshippingthemtocustomers.*itmakesnosensethatwehavesuchahighcarbon

footprintfbrsomethingsoshortlived."Bassisays.

Usingtheprinciplesofacirculareconomy,Bassihasdevelopedalovvcncrgy,multistageprocesstoturn

clothingfibresintoanalternativetooilbasedplastic.Thisnewplasticcanthenbeusedbymanufacturersintheir

existingmachines,sothatyouroldTshirtsandjeanswillbeedifferentproductsinsteadofclothes,suchasclothing

hangers,orevenfiirniture.

Fashionpanicshavesomeotherwaystoreducefashionwaste,fromcreatingclothesdesignedtolast,to

recyclingthefabrictomakemoreclothing.But“aproblemthisbigneedsmultiplesolutions,MBassisays."We

thir.kaboutthemultiplelivesofaproductandhowwecankeepreusingitinsteadoflettingitfallintolandfillsor

incinerators(焚化爐)shesays.

6.WhydidBassiswitchherfbcusiothefashionindustry?

7.Howdidshetackletheproblemscausedbythefashionindustry?

8.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

?Klcidcrlycanchangeoldjacketsandtrousersintoanewmaterial,whichcanbeusedtomakemore

clothing.

9.Pleasebrieflypresentyourownsolution(s)tothethrowawayproblemindailylife,(about40words)

(2023?北京?清華附中?？既?閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請?jiān)诖痤}紙指定區(qū)域作答。

Foryears,psychologistshaveknownhowtomeasuretheintelligenceofindividuals,butonlyrecentlyhave

theybeguntoinvestigatetheissueofgroupintelligence.Thisnotionstemsfromtheobservationthatsomegroups

seemtoworkfantasticallyacrosstasks,eventasksthatarenotverysimilar.Earlyinvestigationssuggestthatgroup

intelligenceisnotthesumoftheintelligenceoftheindividualsinit.Sowhatisthesecrettotheirsuccess?

ResearchersatGooglehavetackledthisquestion.Theycollectedthousandsofdatapointsonhundredsof

groupsandbedthroughthemtryingtofindpatterns.Arcthemembersofeffectivegroupsfriendsoutsideofwork?

Dogroupswhosemembershavesimilarpersonalitiesorbackgroundsworktogetherbest?Theyputforwardmany

theoriesbutfoundnopatterstosupportthem.

Infact,whowasinthegroupapparentlydidnotseemtomakeadiflerence;instead,thediflerencebetween

moreandlesseffectivegroupsseemedtolieintheinteractionamongthemembers,ineffectivegroups,members

spokefbraroughlyequalamountoftime一notateverymeetingorinteraction,butacrossthecourseofaproject.

Additionally,ineffectivegroups,membersfaceoneanotherdirectlywhentheyspeak,usingenergeticand

enthusiasticgestures.Moreover,sideconversationsbetweenindividualmembersduringmeetings,farfrombeinga

distraction,actuallyincreasedthegroup'sproductivity.Thepositivebehaviorsuncoveredinthestudyoccur

exclusivelyinfacetofaceinteraction

Onemightarguethatmostofthesefindingsareextremelyobvious,andneedlesstosay,goodmanagershave

probablyalwaysunderstoodtheprinciples.However,understandinggroupintelligencecanhelpbusinessandother

organizationsmaketheiiindamcntalchangesnecessarytoimprovegroupperformance.Thereasonisthatoursocial

andprofessionallivesarcnotalwaysstructuredinwaysthatfacilitatethekindofinteractionthatapparently

underlineseffectivegrouppcrfbnnancc.

10.Whatisthefindingofpreviousstudiesongroupintelligence?

11.Whyisitimportantfbrpeopletounderstandgroupintelligence?

12.Decidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementiswrong.Underlineitandexplainwhy.

?Althoughsideconversationsdistractmembersduringmeetings,theycanhelptoboostthegroup's

efficiency.

13.Apartfromwhatismentionedinthepassage,whatotherway(s)canweusetoimprovegroupintelligence?(In

about40words)

(2023?北京?人大附中校考三模)閱讀卜面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。

“Ican't"mightactuallymean"Idon'twantto,""I'mafraid,MuFmconfused,Moreven“Idon'tknowhow.”

Andafterparsingouthiddenmeaningsfbrthehundredthtime,Icanunderstandwhymychildhoodgymnastics

coachhadputagymwidebanonthephrase.

Anyonewhousedit,eventheothercoaches,hadtodo50pushupsbeforetryingconversationagain.Itwasn't

thathewantedpeopletodothingsbeyondtheirskillorsafetylevel.Thepolicywasagainstthewordsthemselves.

Hefelttheywereashieldtohidebehindinsteadofadmittingmoreusefulandactionablehesitations.afraid.^^

neverdoneitbymyself.”"IneedtorestafewminutesbeforeItry.”'Tmembarrassedtotryinfrontofother