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專題02函數(shù)的值域考點一常見函數(shù)值域一、單選題1.下列函數(shù)中值域為SKIPIF1<0的是(
)A.y=|x-1|B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】對于A,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,值域為SKIPIF1<0,故選項A正確;對于B,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,值域為SKIPIF1<0,故選項B錯誤;對于C,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,值域為SKIPIF1<0,故選項C錯誤;對于D,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,值域為SKIPIF1<0,故選項D錯誤,故選:A.2.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,因為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,故SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)的值域為:SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.3.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最小值是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.0 C.1 D.2【解析】當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有最小值為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0,綜上,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有最小值為1.故選:C4.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.故選:B5.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值域為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,故函數(shù)值域為SKIPIF1<0.故選:B二、多選題6.下列函數(shù)中,最小值為2的函數(shù)是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】對于選項A,方法1:當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,所以2不是SKIPIF1<0的最小值,故A項錯誤;方法2:因為SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以其值域為R,故A項錯誤;對于選項B,因為SKIPIF1<0定義域為R,令SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,又因為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時取等號,故SKIPIF1<0的最小值為2,所以SKIPIF1<0值域為SKIPIF1<0,故B項正確;對于選項C,因為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0值域為SKIPIF1<0,故C項錯誤;對于選項D,因為SKIPIF1<0對稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,其在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0值域為SKIPIF1<0,故D項正確.故選:BD.三、填空題7.已知SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為______________【解析】因為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.8.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為______.【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.四、解答題9.求下列函數(shù)的值域.(1)SKIPIF1<0;(2)SKIPIF1<0;(3)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.【解析】(1)設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)二次函數(shù)的圖像和性質(zhì),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.(2)函數(shù)的定義域為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.(3)因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的對稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.10.求下列函數(shù)的值域:(1)SKIPIF1<0;(2)SKIPIF1<0;(3)SKIPIF1<0;(4)SKIPIF1<0;(5)SKIPIF1<0;(6)SKIPIF1<0;(7)SKIPIF1<0;(8)SKIPIF1<0;(9)SKIPIF1<0.【解析】(1)因為SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0;(2)令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0;(3)SKIPIF1<0,因為SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0;(4)令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0取到最大值5,無最小值,故SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0;(5)因為SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,由于SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,即函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0;(6)SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0;(7)因為SKIPIF1<0恒成立,故SKIPIF1<0,則由SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,適合題意;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,由于SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0恒有實數(shù)根,故SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0;(8)SKIPIF1<0,因為SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時等號成立,故SKIPIF1<0,即函數(shù)值域為SKIPIF1<0;(9)由SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,由三角函數(shù)輔助角公式可得SKIPIF1<0,(SKIPIF1<0為輔助角),則SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.考點二復(fù)雜函數(shù)值域一、單選題1.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】由SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,故SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時等號成立,而SKIPIF1<0恒成立,故SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0,故選:C二、填空題2.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最大值與最小值分別為M和m,則SKIPIF1<0的值為__________.【解析】依題意可得函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域為SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.3.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為___________.【解析】SKIPIF1<0函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0)是偶函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,易得SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0時,等號成立,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.4.求函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為_________.【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0容易看出,該函數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化為一個開口向下的二次函數(shù),對稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以該函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0時取到最大值SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,函數(shù)取得最小值SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0值域為SKIPIF1<0.5.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為__.【解析】令t=sinx,t∈[-1,1],所以原式可化為:SKIPIF1<0,∵﹣1≤t≤1,∴2≤t+3≤4,∴SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.6.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為______.【解析】由題設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,所以所求值域化為求SKIPIF1<0軸上點SKIPIF1<0到SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0距離差的范圍,如下圖示,由圖知:SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0三點共線且SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0之間時,左側(cè)等號成立;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0三點共線且SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0之間時,右側(cè)等號成立,顯然不存在此情況;所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)值域為SKIPIF1<0.7.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最大值為______.【解析】因為SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,即函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時取等號.8.若SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是__________.【解析】SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.由于SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0.設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,由該式的幾何意義得下面圖形,SKIPIF1<0,其中直線SKIPIF1<0為圓的切線,由圖知SKIPIF1<0.由圖知SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,有SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.所以,SKIPIF1<0,故所求值域為SKIPIF1<0.9.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是______.【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是SKIPIF1<0.三、解答題10.已知SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【解析】因為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,因為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0.11.已知冪函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0過點SKIPIF1<0.(1)求實數(shù)m的值;(2)求函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域.【解析】(1)∵函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0過點SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.∴SKIPIF1<0.(2)由(1)求解可知,SKIPIF1<0.∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.引入SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增函數(shù),∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.故SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.考點三抽象函數(shù)值域一、單選題1.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域為SKIPIF1<0,值域為SKIPIF1<0,那么函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域和值域分別是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0【解析】因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域SKIPIF1<0.將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平移2個單位,可得SKIPIF1<0的圖象,故其值域不變.故選:D.2.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0對任意SKIPIF1<0,都有SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0上的值域為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0【解析】當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,從而SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.綜上得函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0上的值域為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.3.定義在R上的函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0對一切實數(shù)x、y都滿足SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,已知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的值域為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在R上的值域是(
)A.R B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因為定義在R上的函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0對一切實數(shù)x、y都滿足SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,再令SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的值域為SKIPIF1<0,因此SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的值域為SKIPIF1<0則SKIPIF1<0在R上的值域是SKIPIF1<0.故選:C二、填空題4.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是____________.【解析】因函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是SKIPIF1<0,從而得函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0值域為SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0變?yōu)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由對勾函數(shù)的性質(zhì)知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上遞增,SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以原函數(shù)值域是SKIPIF1<0.5.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為__.【解析】因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.6.SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0上的奇函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0上的偶函數(shù),若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值域為_____________.【解析】由SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0上的奇函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0上的偶函數(shù),得到SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的值域為:SKIPIF1<0.三、解答題7.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域為SKIPIF1<0,且同時滿足:(Ⅰ)對任意SKIPIF1<0,總有SKIPIF1<0;(Ⅱ)SKIPIF1<0;(Ⅲ)若SKIPIF1<0,則有SKIPIF1<0(1)試求SKIPIF1<0的值;(2)試求函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最大值;(3)試證明:當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0.【解析】(1)令SKIPIF1<0,則有SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,結(jié)合已知可得SKIPIF1<0;(2)任取SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,可得函數(shù)的最大值為SKIPIF1<0;(3)證明:當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由(2)知,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0.考點四復(fù)合函數(shù)值域一、單選題1.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值域為()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】對于函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時等號成立,所以SKIPIF1<0.令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,由于SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0遞減,所以SKIPIF1<0,也即SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.故選:D2.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域為SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0的定義域為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0的定義域為SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.3.已知SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值域為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,由二次函數(shù)的圖象及性質(zhì)可知,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0上的值域為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.二、填空題4.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最大值為______.【解析】由題意,令SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,由反比例函數(shù)性質(zhì),SKIPIF1<0,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,5.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是________________.【解析】SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域是SKIPIF1<0.6.若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,求函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域________.【解析】要使函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0成立,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,將函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0代入SKIPIF1<0得:SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.7.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為______.【解析】因為SKIPIF1<0,定義域SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0為減函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0為增函數(shù),而SKIPIF1<0的底數(shù)是SKIPIF1<0,即為增函數(shù),所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0為減函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0為增函數(shù),得SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0處取得最小值,因此SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0.8.方程SKIPIF1<0有正數(shù)解,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是_________.【解析】方程轉(zhuǎn)化為SKIPIF1<0,化簡為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍轉(zhuǎn)化為求SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0)的值域,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0.9.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最小值=__________________.【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,∴函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0時是增函數(shù),∴SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0.考點五根據(jù)函數(shù)值域求參一、單選題1.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0,則實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(
)A.(0,4) B.[1,4]∪{0} C.(0,1]∪[4,+∞) D.[0,1]∪[4,+∞)【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,由于函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0,所以,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域包含SKIPIF1<0.①當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0,符合題意;②當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域包含SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.綜上所述,實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.2.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(
)A.7 B.8 C.9 D.10【解析】在函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0中,值域為SKIPIF1<0,∴函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,值域為SKIPIF1<0,∴在SKIPIF1<0中,值域為SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0,故選:C.3.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若存在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0,使得函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的值域為SKIPIF1<0,則實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】由函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,顯然該函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,由函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的值域為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,等價于SKIPIF1<0存在兩個不相等且大于等于SKIPIF1<0的實數(shù)根,且SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上恒成立,則SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.4.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為R,則實數(shù)a的取值范圍是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,所以實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0,故選:D.5.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若對任意的SKIPIF1<0,存在SKIPIF1<0,使SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0的值域記為SKIPIF1<0,對任意的SKIPIF1<0,存在SKIPIF1<0,使SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,①當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0;②當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,因為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0;③當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,因為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0.綜上所述,實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.6.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0若SKIPIF1<0的值域為SKIPIF1<0,則實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】根據(jù)題意可得,在同一坐標(biāo)系下分別畫出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0的圖象如下圖所示:由圖可知,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0時,兩圖象相交,若SKIPIF1<0的值域是SKIPIF1<0,以實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為分界點,可進(jìn)行如下分類討論:當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,顯然兩圖象之間不連續(xù),即值域不為SKIPIF1<0;同理當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,值域也不是SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,兩圖象相接或者有重合的部分,此時值域是SKIPIF1<0;綜上可知,實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0.故選:B二、多選題7.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域為SKIPIF1<0,值域為SKIPIF1<0,則實數(shù)對SKIPIF1<0的可能值為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】畫出SKIPIF1<0的圖象如圖所示:由圖可知:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)選項可知:當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0的定義域為SKIPIF1<0,值域為SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0的可能值為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故選:ABC.三、填空題8.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在閉區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的值域為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的最大值為________.【解析】畫出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像可知,要使其在閉區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的值域為SKIPIF1<0,由于有且僅有SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0,所以有SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,又∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的最大值為正值時,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0取最小值時,,SKIPIF1<0有最大值.又∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0;9.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域和值域均為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值為__________.【解析】因為SKIPIF1<0,對稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,開口向上,所以函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,又因為定義域和值域均為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0(舍去)或SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.10.已知SKIPIF1<0,x,y滿足SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則t的取值范圍是_________.【解析】∵SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,又∵SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,對于SKIPIF1<0,可知二次函數(shù)開口向上,對稱軸SKIPIF1<0,故當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,取到最小值SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,取到最大值SKIPIF1<0;故SKIPIF1<0,即t的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0.11.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值域為R,則實數(shù)a的取值范圍是____________.【解析】當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,由于SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0上的增函數(shù),其值域為SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0為頂點在SKIPIF1<0開口向上的拋物線,對稱軸SKIPIF1<0.i.若SKIPIF1<0,則二次函數(shù)的最小值為SKIPIF1<0.要使SKIPIF1<0的值域為R,只需:SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0.所以SKIPIF1<0;ii.若SKIP
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