浙江中考英語2022-2024年真題匯編-教師版-專題10 閱讀理解（議論文）

三年（2022-2024）中考英語真題分類匯編（浙江專用）專題10閱讀理解（議論文）（2024浙江）Doyougetintroubleforfeedingyourdogonfoodfromdinnerunderthetable?Anewstudysuggeststhatbysharing“peoplefood”,youmightactuallybehelpingtokeepyourpethealthy.Manydogsarefeddryprocessedfood.Sciencehasshownthatadiet(飲食)ofprocessedfoodisnothealthyforhumans.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofHelsinki,inFinland,saythisdietisnotgoodforourpetdogs,either.Thescientistsdiscoveredthatthefoodadogmightfindinanowner’shomesuchaseggs,fish,meatandvegetablesmaybebetterthanadietofjustdogfood.Thisisbecausehavingdifferentkindsoffoodleadstomorevariety(多樣性)inmicrobes,whicharelittlelivingthings,toosmalltobeseenwithoureyes.Therearemillionsoftheminhumanandanimalbodies.Somearebadforus,butmanyaregoodforus,andtheyplayimportantrolesinhelpingusdigest(消化)food.Atotalof8,500youngpetdogstookpartinthestudy.4,500ofthemwereunder6monthsold,andtherestwerebetween6and18monthsold.Theownerswereaskedaboutwhatfoodtheyhadfedtheirpetsandhowoften.Whenthedogsreachedadulthood,theirownersreportedthatabout20%ofthedogsshowedCEsymptoms(慢性腸胃不適癥狀)suchasweightloss.However,ifdogshadbeenfedamixeddietwhileyoung,itwas22%lesspossibleforthemtoexperienceCEsymptomslaterinlife.Dr.AnnaHielmBjorkmantoldTheTimesofLondon,“Dogfoodonsaleisdescribedasprovidingacompletediet.Butwhatweshowisthatvarietyisimportant.Nobodywouldgive12yearsofthesamefoodtoachild—whyshouldadogbedifferent?”1.Accordingtothenewstudy,dogowners________.A.mustofferdryfoodtotheirdogs B.canfeeddogson“peoplefood”C.hadbetterbuymoreprocessedfood D.shouldn’tmakefoodbythemselves2.Paragraph3mainlyexplainswhy________.A.dogsneeddifferentkindsoffood B.littlelivingthingsstayinhumanbodiesC.scientistsstudydryprocessedfood D.peopleshouldkeepdogsathome3.HowdoesthewriterdescribethestudyinParagraph4tomakeitbelievable?A.Byusingpictures. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bytellingstories. D.Bylistingnumbers.4.Whichpartofamagazineisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.History. B.Business. C.Science. D.Culture.【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.C【解析】本文介紹了一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與僅喂食狗糧相比，給狗提供多樣化的“人類食物”可能有助于保持其健康，并減少成年后患慢性腸胃不適癥狀的風險。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Anewstudysuggeststhatbysharing‘peoplefood’,youmightactuallybehelpingtokeepyourpethealthy.”可知，根據(jù)新研究，狗主人可以給狗喂“人類食品”。故選B。2.段落大意題。根據(jù)“Thescientistsdiscoveredthatthefoodadogmightfindinanowner’shomesuchaseggs,fish,meatandvegetablesmaybebetterthanadietofjustdogfood....manyaregoodforus,andtheyplayimportantrolesinhelpingusdigest(消化)food.”可知，狗在主人家中找到的食物如雞蛋、魚、肉和蔬菜，可能比單一的狗糧更好，因為多樣化的食物可以增加體內(nèi)有益微生物的種類，有助于消化。由此推知本段解釋了為什么狗需要吃多種類的食物。故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Atotalof8,500youngpetdogstookpartinthestudy.”，“about20%ofthedogsshowedCEsymptoms(慢性腸胃不適癥狀)suchasweightloss”和“However,ifdogshadbeenfedamixeddietwhileyoung,itwas22%lesspossibleforthemtoexperienceCEsymptomslaterinlife.”可知，作者通過列數(shù)字，使其研究更可信。故選D。4.推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與僅喂食狗糧相比，給狗提供多樣化的“人類食物”可能有助于保持其健康，并減少成年后患慢性腸胃不適癥狀的風險。由此推知，本文可能來自雜志的“科學”部分。故選C。(2023嘉興,D)RogerFederer,aworld-famoussportsstar,quit(放棄)the2020OlympicGamestodealwithhiskneeproblem.Itwasaharddecisionbecausenoonewantedtobeaquitter.Butfindingthecouragetoletgocanbegoodforyou.Nothingisfunallthetime.Stickingatsomethingdifficultteachesusimportantskillslikeperseverance(毅力).However,learningtoletgowhenthingsaren'trightisimportanttoo.Maybeyourheartisn'tinplayingthepianoanymore,oryouonlyplayfootballbecauseyourfriendsdoandyouwanttotryadifferentsportinstead.Makingthedecisiontowalkawaycanfreeuptimeandenergytospendonsomethingyoureallyenjoy.Infact,studiesshowthatlettinggoofgoalsyoucan'treach,ordon'treallywant,canbuildupyourconfidenceandhelpyouleadahappierandhealthierlife.Buthowcanyouknowit'stimetostopandmoveon?EricBeanisanexpertinsportspsychology(心理學)whohelpsathletesandteamsunderstandtheirfeelings.Hesays,“Quittingisneveramatterofblackandwhite.”Hesuggeststhinkingcarefullyaboutwhyyouaren'tenjoyingsomethinganymore.Isitbecauseyou'vearguedwithateammateorcan'tgetonwithanewartteacher?Talkaboutthiswithatrustedadultorfriend.Thatcanhelpyoudecidewhetheryoushouldstayandstick,orquitandmoveon.

Quittingdoesn'thavetomeantotallygivingup,though.Forexample,playinganinstrumentmightbemorefunifyoutakeawaythepressureofexams.Ifyoudodecidetogiveupanactivity,Beansuggestspickingupanotherwhereyoucanstillenjoythingsliketeamwork,creativity,andexercise.1.Thewritermentions“RogerFederer”inParagraph1toshowthat.

A.weshouldnevergiveupB.weshouldgetawayfromtroubleC.it'sallrighttostopandquitD.it'sdifficulttowinOlympicmedals2.AccordingtoParagraph2,learningtoletgoisimportantbecausewecan.

A.learnaboutperseveranceB.haveenoughmoneytospendC.liveabusierandfullerlifeD.feelmoreconfidentinourselves3.BysayingtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3,EricBeanmeansthat.

A.it'snotgoodtostickatthingswedon'tlikeB.weshouldthinktwicebeforequittinganactivityC.wedon'thavetotakeexamstoshowourtrueabilitiesD.it'swisertopickupanewhobbythantokeeptheoldone4.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.KnowingWhentoStopB.WorkingHardtoMoveOnC.LearningHowtoGrowUpD.StartingEarlytoMakeChanges答案語篇解讀本文是議論文。作者認為人們應該知道何時需要對一件事情放手。1.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Butfindingthecouragetoletgocanbegoodforyou.”可知,以RogerFederer為例是為了說明有時放棄也是可以的、有好處的,故選C。2.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Infact,studiesshowthatlettinggoofgoalsyoucan'treach,ordon'treallywant,canbuildupyourconfidence”可知,放棄你無法達到的目標或者你不想要的目標,可以建立你的信心。故選D。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)畫線部分后的“Hesuggeststhinkingcarefullyaboutwhyyouaren'tenjoyingsomethinganymore...Thatcanhelpyoudecidewhetheryoushouldstayandstick,orquitandmoveon.”可知,他建議人們仔細思考為什么不再享受某件事,跟信任的人談談,這能幫助人們決定是否要放棄,也就是建議人們?nèi)级?故選B。4.A文章標題題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要談論了人們做某件事情時要認真思考,明白什么時候應該放棄,并闡述了適時放手的重要性,故選A。(2023金華,D)①Doeslifesometimesseemtobefullofimpossibleproblems?Howmanytimes,forexample,doyoufindyourselfsayingthingslike“Ireallydon'tunderstandthismathsproblem”,or“Ican'tgetintotheschoolteam”?Well,maybeit'stimetointroduceyourselftothepowerof“yet”.Byaddingthissimpleword,youcanchangeeverything.“Ireallydon'tunderstandthismathsproblemyet.”“Ican'tgetintotheschoolteamyet.”Suddenly,theimpossiblebecomespossible.Youcanimaginethosethingshappening.②Ireadaboutaschoolthathaschangedthewayitmarksitsstudents'exams.Theschoolfindoutthattheoldpass/failsystemwasn'thelpingstudents'motivation(積極性).Ifyoupassed,thengreat,butthosestudentswhodidn'tpassoftenfeltlikefailures.Sonowstudentswhodon'tpasstheexamswillnotseeabigred“F”ontheirpapers;theyseea“Notyet”instead.Thatwaythestudentsfeelthattheyareonajourney.Theyhaven'treachedtheend,buttheyknowthattheyaregoingtherightway.③Thiskindofthinkingispartofwhatexpertscall“havingagrowthmindset”.Peoplewithagrowthmindsetdon'tconcentrateonfailure.Theyaren'tworriedbynotgettingthingsrightthefirsttimeandarehappytokeeptryinguntiltheydo.Theyenjoythechallengeandbelievetheycanchange.Incontrast,peoplewhojustfocusonthefailurehavewhattheexpertscall“afixedmindset”.Thesepeoplearealwaysworriedaboutfailureandarehappytogiveupwhenthingsdon'tgoright.Theydon'tthinkthattheyareabletochange.Clearly,itisbettertohaveagrowthmindsetthanafixedmindset.④Butdon'tworryifyouthinkthatyouhaveafixedmindset.▲.Rememberthatitallstartswithquestioningthethingsyoubelieveaboutyourself.Stopbelievingthatyoucan'toryouhaven'tandrealizethatyoujustcan'torhaven'tyet.Onceyoustartdoingthis,you'llwonderwhyyoudidn'tdoitbefore.It'sonesmallbutverypowerfulword.

1.TheexampleinParagraph2isto.

A.expressafeelingB.describeaproblemC.showtheresultD.supportthetopic2.Accordingtothepassage,whichoneofthefollowinghas“agrowthmindset”?A.Jackgotan“A”intheexam.Hewasquitehappytotellhisparents.B.Davidfailedinacompetition,buthestaysconfidentandkeepstrying.C.Jennyfoundithardtoworkoutthemathsproblem,soshegaveitup.D.Emmawasrefusedbytheschoolteam.Shedidn'twanttohaveanothertry.3.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinto▲?

A.ExpertswillhelpyougrowuphealthilyinmindB.YoucantrainyourselftodevelopagrowthmindsetC.EveryonehashisownadvantagesanddisadvantagesD.Youcanchangeeverythingbyaddingthesmallword“yet”4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThePowerof“Yet”B.TwoDifferentMindsetsC.NothingIsImpossibleD.OntheWaytoSuccess答案語篇解讀本文是議論文。yet(還)是一個很有分量的詞,且在我們成長過程中起著重要的作用。1.D推理判斷題。在第一段中,作者表明yet這個詞能變不可能為可能,鼓勵人們繼續(xù)努力,第二段通過介紹這個詞的運用——可以改變成績不合格的學生的想法讓他們繼續(xù)前進,來證明作者的觀點。故選D。2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theyaren'tworriedbynotgettingthingsrightthefirsttimeandarehappytokeeptryinguntiltheydo.”可知,B選項“大衛(wèi)在一場比賽中失敗了,但他保持著自信并不斷努力?！敝械拇笮l(wèi)具有“成長心態(tài)”。故選B。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Butdon'tworryifyouthinkthatyouhaveafixedmindset.”以及下文介紹的如何改變想法可知,此處內(nèi)容和培養(yǎng)“成長心態(tài)”相關(guān),B選項“你可以訓練自己培養(yǎng)成長心態(tài)”符合語境。故選B。4.A文章標題題。作者認為yet(還)是一個很有分量的詞,且在我們成長過程中起著重要的作用。選項A作為標題最合適。故選A。(2023寧波,C)①Haveyoueverthoughtaboutwhat'smoreimportant,lookingfashionableorfeelingcomfortable?Youmighthavenoticedmanypeoplechoosingstyleovercomfortandsomeevengotoextremes(極端)tofollowfashion.Butweshouldremember:beingfashionableisn'teverything.It'smoreimportanttobehealthy.②Somepeoplebelievethattheyneedtobeacertainsizetolookgood.So,theystartextremediets(日常飲食)thatarenotgoodfortheirhealth.Theymightnoteatmealsoreattoolittle,whichcanmakethemfeelsick.Isitahealthywaytolive?③Also,manygirlswearshoeswithveryhighheels.Theymightthinkhighheelsmakethemlooktaller.Buttheseshoescanactuallyhurttheirfeetandmakeithardtowalkcomfortably,anditcanincreaserisksoffalls.Someevenweartight(緊的)clothesthatinfluencebloodcirculation(循環(huán)),makingithardtobreathe.Shouldweputfashionovercomfortandphysicalhealth?④Besides,someboysandgirlsspendalotoftimeandmoneychangingtheirhaircolor.Thematerialtheyuseisusuallyharmfultotheirhealth.Tomaketheirhairstraightorcurly,theyalsousetoolsthatarehotenoughtoburntheirhair.Butusingthesetoolstoooftenoratveryhightemperaturescanmakethehairdryorevenburnt.Isitreallyworthittoriskourhealth,spendingsomuchtimeandmoney?⑤So,let'srethinkwhat'sreallyimportant.Isitfashionorisitourwell-being?Clothesorhairstylesdon'ttellusanythingaboutaperson'scharacter.Insteadofspendingalotoftimechoosingclothes,wecouldusethattimetodofunthingswithfriends.Andinsteadoffollowingextremediets,let'seatproperlyandexerciseregularly.Remember,yourworthisnotdecidedbyyourappearance,butbywhoyouareasaperson.1.Whydosomepeoplegoonextremedietsaccordingtothepassage?A.Becausethedietsarehealthy.B.Becausetheyjustwanttolookgood.C.Becausetheywanttosavetime.D.Becausetheywanttosavemoney.2.Whatisthewriter'spurposeofusingaquestionineachparagraph?A.Toaskforhelpfromreaders.B.Totellhowtospendtimeandmoney.C.Todescribethelatestfashion.D.Toleadreaderstothinkaboutthetopic.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“well-being”inParagraph5mean?A.Growth.B.Health.C.Warmth.D.Wealth.4.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?A.B.C.D.答案語篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。文章從飲食、服裝、發(fā)型三個方面論證了人們?yōu)樽非髸r尚而犧牲舒適與健康的危害。作者認為一個人的價值不是由外貌決定的,而是取決于他是一個怎樣的人。主題語境屬于“人與自我”范疇中“生活與學習”這一主題群,涉及子主題“健康、文明的行為習慣與生活方式”。1.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句“Somepeoplebelievethattheyneedtobeacertainsizetolookgood.So,theystartextremediets...”可知,有些人為了看起來好看,所以采取極端的飲食方式。故選B。2.D推理判斷題。作者在每一段提出問題的目的是引導讀者去思考,故選D。3.B詞義猜測題。第一段提出“It'smoreimportanttobehealthy.”,而畫線詞所在句以及前一句“So,let'srethinkwhat'sreallyimportant.Isitfashionorisitourwell-being?”與之呼應。由此可推知,well-being意為“健康”,故選B。4.A篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知,作者在文章第一段引出“時尚與健康”的話題,并提出自己的觀點,即健康比時尚重要。第二、三、四段分別從飲食、服裝、發(fā)型三個方面論證了人們?yōu)樽非髸r尚而犧牲舒適與健康的危害。第五段總結(jié)全文,再次闡明自己的觀點:一個人的價值不是由外貌決定的,而是取決于他是一個怎樣的人。故選A。長難句分析Someevenweartightclothesthatinfluencebloodcirculation,makingithardtobreathe.有些人甚至穿影響血液循環(huán)的緊身衣,使呼吸困難。本句為主從復合句。that引導定語從句,修飾先行詞tightclothes。makingithardtobreathe是動詞的-ing形式短語作狀語。(2023杭州,D)Weallenjoybeingpartofagroup—there'snobetterworkthanteamwork,right?Actually,Idisagree.Teamworkcanbehard.Infact,itwassodifficultthatIleftmyofficejobandstartedworkingfromhomeonmyown.It'samuchbetterfitforme,andithasmademethinkaboutwhyteamworkcanmakeourjobsharderratherthaneasier.Personalities(個性)canmaketeamworkdifficult.There'softensomeoneontheteamthatputstheirneedsfirst.Theteamoftengoesalongwiththisperson,whoseideasmightnotbethebest,justtheloudest.Justonedifficultpersonalitycanmaketeamworkhard.Combine(結(jié)合)severalchallengingpersonalitytypes,andit'sevenharder.Nothavingenoughtimetogethercanalsomaketeamworkchallenging.Forexample,Iwasonceonateamwhereweneverhadenoughtimetomeetasagroup.Tosuccessfullyworkasateam,youneedtimetogether—andlotsofit.Afinalreasonteamworkisdifficultisbecausethere'softennotrainingonhowtoworkonateam.Youcan'tjustputpeopleinaroomandexpectthemtoworkwellwitheachother.Youneedtobuildtrustwithyourteammembers.Thinkoffootballplayers:Theyaren'tjustgivenaballandtoldtoplay.Theypractice,andtheytrain.Teamworkcanbehard,butworkingalonehasitschallenges,too.Whenmycomputerdoesn'twork,Idon'thaveanITpersontoturnto.WhenIhaveagreatidea,Idon'thaveanyonetoshareitwithtoseeifitreallyisagreatidea.Don'tgetmewrong—Istilllikemyteamofoneandenjoymakingalloftheimportantdecisionsmyself.ButnowIrealizewhatwaswrongwiththeteamworkIdidinthepastandhowgoodteamworkcouldbeifdonecorrectly.Andthat'susefulinformation—becauseonedayImightwanttoturnmyMETEAMintoaWETEAM.1.Whydidthewriterchoosetoworkfromhomeonhisown?A.Tokeephimselfbusier.B.Tokeephimselfhealthier.C.Tomakehisjobeasier.D.Tomakehisteamharder.2.Whichofthefollowingmakesteamworkdifficult?A.Strongpersonality.B.Lotsofteamworktime.C.Challengingideas.D.Clearteamroles.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.AWETEAMhashardlyanyadvantages.B.AMETEAMneedsalotofITengineers.C.AMETEAMhasnochallengesforthewriter.D.AWETEAMmaybethewriter'schoiceoneday.4.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toshowtheadvantagesofteamwork.B.Totelltheimportanceofteamwork.C.Tointroducetheinfluenceofteamwork.D.Toexplainthedifficultiesofteamwork.答案語篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。文章主要談論團隊合作中會遇到的一些困難,最后作者表達了對良好的團隊合作的向往。主題語境屬于“人與社會”范疇中的“社會服務與人際溝通”主題群,涉及“交流與合作,團隊精神”子主題內(nèi)容。1.C細節(jié)理解題。由第一段第四句“Infact,itwassodifficultthatIleftmyofficejobandstartedworkingfromhomeonmyown.”可知,作者選擇在家獨自工作是為了使工作更容易。故選C。2.A細節(jié)理解題。由第二段第一句“Personalitiescanmaketeamworkdifficult.”可知,很強勢的個性會使團隊合作困難。故選A。3.D細節(jié)理解題。由最后一句中“onedayImightwanttoturnmyMETEAMintoaWETEAM”可知,也許有一天,WETEAM會成為作者的選擇。故選D。4.D寫作目的題。本文第一段作者首先講述了自己在團隊合作中遇到困難后選擇在家工作的經(jīng)歷,接著第二、三、四段介紹了團隊合作難的原因。所以說明團隊合作中的困難是作者寫這篇文章的主要目的。故選D。長難句分析It'samuchbetterfitforme,andithasmademethinkaboutwhyteamworkcanmakeourjobsharderratherthaneasier.它更適合我,它讓我思考為什么團隊合作會讓我們的工作更難而不是更容易。本句為由and連接的并列復合句。and前為簡單句,and后為主從復合句,包含why引導的賓語從句。（2023麗水）Therewereonly15minutesuntillunch.ButeveryoneinMrs.Stretch’smathclasswaswaitingexcitedlyforthestartofAroundtheWorld.AroundtheWorldwasEddie’sfavoriteclassroomgame.Helovedracingagainstaclassmatetosolveamathproblem.Eddiewonandlost.ButhisfriendMichaelneverlost.Hewasthechampion（冠軍）ofAroundtheWorld.Everyweekhewouldgoaroundtheclassroomwinningagainsteveryone.“Areweallready?”MrsStretchasked.Everyonenodded.“Thenlet’sbegin,”saidMrs.Stretch.“Talia,youstart.”Taliawasnewtotheclass.Thiswouldbeherfirsttimeplaying.ShejumpedupandwentovertoEddie’sdesk.Eddiestoodup,too.“Twelvetimestwo,”saidMrs.Stretch.“Twenty-four!”Taliacalledout,asecondbeforeEddiecould.Eddiesatdown,disappointedbutstillhappytoknowtherightanswer.Taliamovedontochallengethenextclassmate.Sheseemedunstoppable.Finally,TaliagottoMichael.“Eighttimestwelve,”Mrs.Stretchsaid.“Ninety-six!”shoutedTaliafirst.Theclasssatshocked,theneveryonecheeredforTalia,today’schampion.“Nicejob,Talia,”saidMrs.Stretch.“It’stimeforlunch,everyone.Nowlineup,please.”Eddiestoodtogotolunch.HenoticedMichaelhadhisheaddownonhisdesk,hisfaceburiedinhisarms.EddiewalkedtoMichaelandputhishandonhisshoulder.“It'sOKtolose,”Eddiesaid.“IloseAroundtheWorldallthetime.You’restillgreatatmultiplication.”“That’snotwhyI’mupset,”Michaelsaidintohisarms.“Noonelikesme.TheycheeredwhenIlost.”“Youthinktheycheeredagainstyou?”Eddieasked.“▲”Michaelsaid.“Ithinktheycheeredbecausetheyweretoosurprised,”Eddiesaid.“You’rethechamp.Taliahadtodoherbesttobeatyou.So,peoplewereexcitedaboutit.”“Sheisreallygoodatmath,”Michaelagreed.“Andsoareyou,”saidEddie.“Youhelpusallworkharder.Becauseofyou,weprobablyhavethebestmathclassinthewholeschool.”“Thanks,”Michaelsaid.HesmiledatEddie,“Doyouwanttosittogetheratlunch?”“Sure,”saidEddie.“Youcanquizmeonmathproblemsandhelpmegetbetter.”Michaelstoodup.“Challengeaccepted!”1.WhatisAroundtheWorld?A.Amathchallenge. B.Arunningrace.C.Acomputergame. D.Awritingcompetition.2.Whatcanweknowaboutthecharactersinthestory?A.Taliawasreallygoodatmath.B.Mrs.Stretchlikedthechampionbest.C.Eddiecaredalotaboutwhetherhewonorlost.D.Michaelwashard-workingbutseldomhelpedothers.3.Whichofthefollowingisthebestsentencetofillin▲inParagraph18?A.Whatelse? B.Whyelse? C.Whoelse? D.Whereelse?4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexpressthemessage（啟示）ofthestory?A.Onceachampion,alwaysachampion.B.Tobeagoodloseristolearnhowtowin.C.Theonlywaytogrowistochallengeyourself.D.Neverforgetfailureisjustanevent,notaperson.【答案】1.A2.A3.B4.D【解析】本文講述了邁克爾在“環(huán)球世界”這個游戲中一直是冠軍，有一天卻被新來的一位同學打敗，邁克爾感到很失落，他的朋友埃迪安慰他說輸贏并不重要，不要因為失敗而否定自己曾經(jīng)的成績。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“AroundtheWorldwasEddie'sfavoriteclassroomgame.Helovedracingagainstaclassmatetosolveamathproblem.”可知，環(huán)球世界是數(shù)學游戲，故選A。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theclasssatshocked,theneveryonecheeredforTalia,today’schampion.”可知，塔里亞的數(shù)學真的很好，故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ithinktheycheeredbecausetheyweretoosurprised,”可知，此處是問原因的，故選B。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Becauseofyou,weprobablyhavethebestmathclassinthewholeschool.”可知，文章告訴我們失敗只是一件事們不要因為失敗而否定自己曾經(jīng)的成就，選項D“永遠不要忘記失敗只是一件事，而不是一個人。”符合題意，故選D。（2024衢州）①Onemorning,Igotupearlyanddecidedtomakeanapplepieformymum.Icalledmygrandmaforhelp,followedaTVprogramtomakejamandwaitedexcitedly.IenjoyedeverystepsomuchthatIdidn’tnoticethreehourspassby.Althoughthepielookedterribleandwasnotthatdelicious,Mumateitupandtoldmeitwasthebestpiethatshehadeverhad.Forthefirsttime,IrealisedthatalthoughIdidn’tmakethepiesuccessfully,Ireallyenjoyedtheprocess(過程).②Theprocessisimportantbecauseitbringsussomethingbiggerthantheresultitself.Thatis,wealwayshavenewexperiencesduringtheprocess,whichmayhelpusimproveourskillsorformgoodrelationshipswithothers.Ifwejustconcentrateontheresultanddonotenjoytheprocess,wewillbemorelikelytofeeldisappointedandwanttogiveup.Asaresult,wewillneverunderstandtherealmeaningofsuccess.③Butinthisbusyworld,weseealotofsuccessfulpeopleareincompetition.Howcanweenjoytheprocess?Well,thequestionhastheanswerinitself.④Don’talwayscompareyourselfwithothers.Firstofall,wearealldifferent.Andsuccessmeansdifferentthingstous.Forsome,successmeansbeingfamous,whileforothers,itmaybehealthorpower.Rideyourownride.⑤Slowdown.Youneedtostopexpectingimmediateresultsinwhatyoudoandlearntobepatient.Impatienceleadstounhappiness.Doitslowly,butneverstop.⑥Reward(獎勵)yourself.Dividetheprocessintosmallsteps,andgiveyourselfarewardaftercompletingeachofthem.Rewardingyourselfforsmallwinscangoalongway.Forexample,ifyouareintheprocessoflosingweight,enjoyyourfavouritecakeonceinawhile.1.Howdoesthewriterstartthearticle?A.Bygivinganexample B.Bycomparingfacts.C.Byusingoldsayings. D.Bylistingnumbers.2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“concentrateon”meaninParagraph2?A.Makeup. B.Getreadyfor.C.Pointout. D.Payattentionto.3.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthetext?A. B. C. D.4.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Enjoytheprocess B.Whatdoessuccessmeantous?C.Nevergiveup D.Howcanweachievegoodresults?【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.A【解析】本文主要是作者通過講述自己做蘋果派的經(jīng)歷告訴我們，做任何事情不要看重結(jié)果，要享受這個過程，并就如何享受過程提出了幾點建議。1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，作者是通過結(jié)合自身做蘋果派的例子來引出本文主題，故選A。2.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Ifwejustconcentrateontheresultanddonotenjoytheprocess,wewillbemorelikelytofeeldisappointedandwanttogiveup.”可知，如果只關(guān)注結(jié)果而不享受過程，更有可能感到失望，想要放棄，所以劃線單詞表示“關(guān)注”，與“Payattentionto”詞義接近，故選D。3.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段作者講述了自己做蘋果派的經(jīng)歷；第二段講述了自己的感悟；第三段引出問題“如何享受過程”，第四段到第六段提出建議，C項符合文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選C。4.最佳標題題。本文主要是作者通過講述自己做蘋果派經(jīng)歷告訴我們，做任何事情不要看重結(jié)果，要享受這個過程，并就如何享受過程提出了幾點建議，文章整體以“享受過程”為線索展開介紹，所以最適合本文的標題是：享受過程，故選A。(2022紹興,C)“IwishIhadstraighthair”;“I'dliketobetaller”.Attimes,weallwanttolookabitmorelikesomeoneelse.However,thepicturesweseeonTVandsocialmediacangiveusimproperideasabouthowourbodies“should”look.Thetruthisthateverybodyisdifferent—andthat'sagoodthing.Acceptingandfeelinggoodaboutourbodiesisreallyimportantforourself-confidence(自信).Bodyconfidenceiswhensomeoneacceptsandbehaveskindlytowardstheirbody.Thatincludesoursizeandshape,skincolor,appearanceandanyphysicaldisabilities.JadeParnellfromtheCentreforAppearanceResearch(CAR),saysthathavingbodyconfidenceis“aboutbeingacceptingofyourbodyandwhatitdoesforyou”.Ifyoufeelpositive(積極的)aboutyourbody,youaremorelikelytotakecareofit.Researchhasevenshownthatyouaremorelikelytotakepartinactivitiesandperformwellinschool.However,feelingagitatedaboutyourbodycouldmakeyoustepback,dolesswellatschoolandevenfeeldown.Parnellsaysthatthecostoftryingtoachievethe“perfect”appearanceishigh.Shesays,“Ifyou'respendingalotoftimetryingtolookacertainway,youwillhavelesstimetospendwithfriendsandtomakeimportantmemories.”It'simportanttorememberthateverybodyisdifferent.Todevelopapositivebodyimage,Parnellsays,“Trytotalkpositivelyaboutyourownbodyandotherpeople'sbodies.Trynottopaytoomuchattentiontoappearance.Instead,thinkaboutwhatyourbodydoesforyou;doyourlegsmakeyourunreallyfast?”Shealsosuggeststreatingyourbodywellbyeatingdifferentkindsoffoods,exercisingtofeelgoodandtohavefun,andgettingplentyofsleep.Rememberthatyouaremorethanhowyoulook.1.ThewriterthinksthatthepicturesonTVandsocialmedia.

A.areperfectforpeopletofollowB.mayspreadwrongideasoflooksC.implyeveryoneisdifferentD.showpeoplehowtobehavekindly2.Theunderlinedword“agitated”probablymeans“”.

A.scaredB.seriousC.carelessD.worried3.Parnellwillagreethatyoushould.

A.acceptyourbodyasitisB.avoidtalkingaboutothers'bodiesC.spendmoremoneyonyourappearanceD.rememberwhatyouusedtobelike4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toencouragereaderstotakemoreexercise.B.Toremindreadersnottoeattoomuchfood.C.Toleadreaderstobuildupbodyconfidence.D.Toadvisereaderstotreattheirfriendswell.答案語篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了我們要積極地看待自己的身體外貌,要有自信。主題語境屬于“人與自我”范疇中的“做人與做事”主題群,涉及“自我認識,自我管理,自我提升”子主題內(nèi)容。1.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,thepicturesweseeonTVandsocialmediacangiveusimproperideasabouthowourbodies‘should’look.”可知,電視和社交媒體上的圖片可能會給我們傳遞錯誤的外貌觀念。故選B。2.D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前面的However可知,這里和前兩句意思相反,前面說feelpositive就表現(xiàn)得好,所以這里的意思應該是和positive相對,故此處畫線部分意為“焦慮的;煩惱的”。故選D。3.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“JadeParnell...saysthathavingbodyconfidenceis‘a(chǎn)boutbeingacceptingofyourbodyandwhatitdoesforyou’.”可知,Parnell認為要接受自己的身體原本的樣子。故選A。4.C寫作目的題。本文主要講我們要積極地看待自己的身體,要建立身體自信。故選C。(2022舟山,D)WhenLeonMartinaskedforhisparents'adviceonhowtobecomeaUXdesigner(設(shè)計師),theybothwentsilent.“Infact,Ihadnoideawhathewastalkingabout,”saidAnne,hismother.“Ididn'tknowwhetherhewastalkingaboutdesigningclothes,computerprogramsorafancybrandofbike.”Evenwhenher18-year-oldsonexplainedthatitwassomethingabout“behindthescenes”onlinedesign,hismotherwasstillabitlost.“IfeltlikeIhadtotallyfailedasaparent,”shesaid.“Myjobasaparentistoopendoorssomychildrencanachievetheirpotential(潛力),buthowcanIdothatwhenIdon'tevenunderstandwhattheirdreamsare?”▲Researchhasfoundthatmorethan2/3ofparentsinEnglandarenowfacingtheproblemthat,whentheirchildrenexpressinterestinneweducationandjobchoices,theymayknownothingaboutthem.Morethan75%ofparentsfeelitisalmostimpossibletooffertheirchildrengoodadviceinsuchafast-changingjobmarket.

MichelleReadidasurveyofover2,000parentsofsecondaryschoolstudentsinEngland.Shefoundthatmanyparentswereafraidtheirchildrenwouldjuststoptalkingabouttheircareer(職業(yè))plansathome,simplybecausetheirmumanddadcouldhardlyfollowthem.“Weallknowthatparents'opinionsandsuggestionsplaya