第08講 句子成分+基本句型+句子種類+長難句（練）-2024年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測（新教材新高考）含答案及解析

第08講句子成分+句子種類+句子種類長難句（模擬精練+真題演練）用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.(江蘇省蘇北四市2023年高三調(diào)研測試)ApaperpublishedinthejournalTrendsinPlantSciencedetailshowplantsarerapidlyadaptingtotheeffectsofclimatechange,andhowtheyarepassingdowntheseadaptationstotheiroffspring(后代).【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2023屆河北省名校聯(lián)考一模)Tohelpresolvethisissue,scientistshavebeentryingtolearnwhyspeciesbecomeendangered.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2023屆廣東省廣州市統(tǒng)考試題)Whenputtotests,beeshavelongprovedthatthey’vegotalotmoretoofferthanpollinating(授粉),makinghoneyandbeingloyaltoaqueen.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2023屆廣東省六校聯(lián)盟試題)Therewassomethingintheelderlywoman’sbehaviorthatcaughtmyeye.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（湖北省武漢市2023屆高三質(zhì)檢）RosAltmann,theformerpensionsminister,recentlywroteofbeingcontactedbyanelderlywomanwhonolongerdrivestoherlocalpark,becauseshecannotdownloadthecarparkingapprequired.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.（2023屆浙江卷里卷天下高三聯(lián)考）BacongraduatedfromtheUniversityofConnecticutin2015andhassinceservedasanESL(EnglishasaSecondLanguage)instructor,anaturalistatanoutdoorschool,andsoldvegetablesatfarmer’smarkets,accordingtoherwebsiteontheproject,whichshe’snamedMilesForClimate.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.（2023屆重慶名校聯(lián)盟高三診斷試題）Hisformerclassmateshavekepttheirpromisethatafterhewasgone,theywouldn’tlosetrackofPat.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2023屆河北省衡水中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期五調(diào)試題）Paula,whohasfullyrecovered,said,“At18,Henryhasalreadybeeninvolvedinbuildingtherestofmylife.”【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.（2023屆江蘇省鹽城市高三三模試題）Overthenexttwoyears,BanerjeeexploredarangeofstylesatStanford,performedandeventuallydirectedthestudentgroupStanfordSwingtime,andservedasco-chairoftheplanningcommitteeforVienneseBallandforBigDance.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.（2023屆浙江省鎮(zhèn)海中學(xué)高三5月模擬考試英語試題）Thatcriticalroleshapedthebrain’srewardsystem,makingushard-wiredtoenjoycarbohydratesandfattyfoods.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2023屆東北三省四市教研聯(lián)合體模擬試題）Swotwillscan(查看)theseasandpreciselymeasurefinedifferencesinsurfaceelevations(高度)aroundsmallercurrentsandeddies(漩渦),wheremuchoftheoceans’decreaseofheatandcarbonisbelievedtooccur.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2023屆河北省張家口市高三5月三模英語試題）TheParavelAviatorGrandcombinesrecycledfabricwithrecycledmetalparts,includingzippers(拉鎖)andahandlethatcanbeusedaslongasyoudo.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2023屆黑龍江省哈爾濱市九中三模試題）Thestudy,whichinvolvedinvitinghundredsofresearcherstoreviewaneconomicspaper,isincredible【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________14.（2023屆湖南省衡陽高三聯(lián)考）Basedontheirin-orbitphysicalexaminationsanddata,expertshaveadjustedexerciseplansforthemtokeepfitnessinordertoensureasafelanding,Zhongsaid.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________15.（2023屆山東省濟(jì)南市高三三模英語試題）WalterBenjamin,theGermanphilosopher,oncenotedthatboredomwasthe‘dreambirdthathatchestheeggofexperience’.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.（2022年新高考I卷)AdditionallyfromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupwork

tobecompleted

inclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.(2022年新高考I卷)Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.（2022年新高考II卷）Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.（2022年全國乙卷）Itisbelievedthattoday’schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.（2022年全國乙卷）Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecomeeducatedabouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthedevelopmentofthelocalareas.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.（2022年浙江卷）Mostoftheserabbitschangetheirfurcolorfromwhiteinthewintertimetobrowninthesummer,eachdesignedtogivethembettercoverfrompredators(捕食者).【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.（2021年天津卷）Itisfoundthatpeoplewhofrequentculturalplacesorparticipateinartisticeventsaremorelikelytogaingoodhealthcomparedtothosewhodonot;moreengagementwiththeartsislinkedtoahigherlevelofpeople'swellbeing.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.（2022年浙江卷1月）Assoonasshegraduatedfromhighschool，shelefthometoliveonCatalinaInlandofftheCaliforniacoast,awayfromherparents,wheresheenjoyedalifeofsailingandoff-roadbiking.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.(2022天津卷)Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson’smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand“peopleskills.”【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.（2022全國乙卷）Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.【分析】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【句意】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第08講句子成分+句子種類+句子種類長難句（模擬精練+真題演練）用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.(江蘇省蘇北四市2023年高三調(diào)研測試)ApaperpublishedinthejournalTrendsinPlantSciencedetailshowplantsarerapidlyadaptingtotheeffectsofclimatechange,andhowtheyarepassingdowntheseadaptationstotheiroffspring(后代).【分析】本句是復(fù)合句。主干Apaperdetails.how引導(dǎo)賓語從句，publishedinthejournalTrendsinPlantScience為過去分詞短語作后置定語。and連接兩個并列的賓語從句.【句意】發(fā)表在《植物科學(xué)的趨勢》雜志上的一篇論文詳細(xì)描述了植物是如何快速適應(yīng)氣候變化的影響的，以及它們是如何將這些適應(yīng)能力傳遞給它們的后代（后代）的。(2023屆河北省名校聯(lián)考一模)Tohelpresolvethisissue,scientistshavebeentryingtolearnwhyspeciesbecomeendangered.【分析】本句是復(fù)合句。連詞why引導(dǎo)賓語從句，充當(dāng)動詞learn的賓語，不定式短語tohelpresolvethisissue作目的狀語，謂語使用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。【句意】為了幫助解決這個問題，科學(xué)家們一直在試圖了解為什么物種會瀕臨滅絕。(2023屆廣東省廣州市統(tǒng)考試題)Whenputtotests,beeshavelongprovedthatthey’vegotalotmoretoofferthanpollinating(授粉),makinghoneyandbeingloyaltoaqueen.【分析】本句是復(fù)合句。When引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中省略beesare,主干為beeshavelongprovedthat，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，pollinating(授粉),makinghoneyandbeingloyaltoaqueen為并列成分充當(dāng)介詞than的介詞賓語?！揪湟狻吭跍y試中，蜜蜂已經(jīng)證明了除了授粉（授粉）、制造蜂蜜和忠于蜂后之外，它們還有更多的東西。(2023屆廣東省六校聯(lián)盟試題)Therewassomethingintheelderlywoman’sbehaviorthatcaughtmyeye.【分析】本句是復(fù)合句。主干部分為therebe倒裝句型。主語為something,that為關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中充當(dāng)主語?！揪湟狻磕俏焕蠇D人的行為有些引起了我的注意。（湖北省武漢市2023屆高三質(zhì)檢）RosAltmann,theformerpensionsminister,recentlywroteofbeingcontactedbyanelderlywomanwhonolongerdrivestoherlocalpark,becauseshecannotdownloadthecarparkingapprequired.【分析】主語RosAltmanna,theformerpensionsminister充當(dāng)同位語，謂語為wroteof，關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞woman,連詞because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，從句中required為過去分詞作后置定語修飾app?！揪湟狻壳梆B(yǎng)老金部長RosAltmann最近寫道，一位不再開車去當(dāng)?shù)毓珗@的老婦人聯(lián)系了她，因?yàn)樗粫螺d所需的停車應(yīng)用程序。（2023屆浙江卷里卷天下高三聯(lián)考）BacongraduatedfromtheUniversityofConnecticutin2015andhassinceservedasanESL(EnglishasaSecondLanguage)instructor,anaturalistatanoutdoorschool,andsoldvegetablesatfarmer’smarkets,accordingtoherwebsiteontheproject,whichshe’snamedMilesForClimate.【分析】本句是并列句。前句主謂Bacongraduated，后句謂語動詞hasservedas及并列謂語hassoldvegetables,主語相同，故省略主語。關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作name的間接賓語?！揪湟狻颗喔?015年畢業(yè)于康涅狄格大學(xué)，之后擔(dān)任ESL（英語作為第二語言）講師，在一所戶外學(xué)校的博物學(xué)家，根據(jù)她在農(nóng)貿(mào)市場上銷售蔬菜，根據(jù)她的網(wǎng)站，她將其命名為英里斯氣候。（2023屆重慶名校聯(lián)盟高三診斷試題）Hisformerclassmateshavekepttheirpromisethatafterhewasgone,theywouldn’tlosetrackofPat.【分析】本句是復(fù)合句。主干部分Hisformerclassmateshavekepttheirpromise。連詞that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，修飾promise,在從句中，連詞after引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，主句為theywouldn’tlosetrackofPat?！揪湟狻克郧暗耐瑢W(xué)們遵守了他們的承諾，在他走后，他們不會忘記帕特。(2023屆河北省衡水中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期五調(diào)試題）Paula,whohasfullyrecovered,said,“At18,Henryhasalreadybeeninvolvedinbuildingtherestofmylife.”【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主句中運(yùn)用直接引語。關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行名詞Paula，主干Paulasaid?！揪湟狻恳呀?jīng)完全康復(fù)的保拉說：“18歲的亨利已經(jīng)參與了構(gòu)建我的余生。”9.（2023屆江蘇省鹽城市高三三模試題）Overthenexttwoyears,BanerjeeexploredarangeofstylesatStanford,performedandeventuallydirectedthestudentgroupStanfordSwingtime,andservedasco-chairoftheplanningcommitteeforVienneseBallandforBigDance.【分析】本句為并列句。主語一致，謂語動詞為一系列的動作連續(xù)性發(fā)生。【句意】在接下來的兩年里，班納吉在斯坦福大學(xué)探索了一系列的風(fēng)格，表演并最終指導(dǎo)了學(xué)生團(tuán)體斯坦福搖擺時間，并擔(dān)任了維也納舞會和大舞會規(guī)劃委員會的聯(lián)合主席。10.（2023屆浙江省鎮(zhèn)海中學(xué)高三5月模擬考試英語試題）Thatcriticalroleshapedthebrain’srewardsystem,makingushard-wiredtoenjoycarbohydratesandfattyfoods.【分析】本句是簡單句。謂語動詞shape，表示“塑造”。makingushard-wiredtoenjoycarbohydratesandfattyfoods.為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。【句意】這個關(guān)鍵的角色塑造了大腦的獎賞系統(tǒng)，使我們習(xí)慣于享受碳水化合物和高脂肪的食物。（2023屆東北三省四市教研聯(lián)合體模擬試題）Swotwillscan(查看)theseasandpreciselymeasurefinedifferencesinsurfaceelevations(高度)aroundsmallercurrentsandeddies(漩渦),wheremuchoftheoceans’decreaseofheatandcarbonisbelievedtooccur.【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語，修飾先行詞currentsandeddies.介詞短語aroundsmallercurrentsandeddies充當(dāng)后置定語?！揪湟狻縎wot將掃描（查看）海洋，并精確測量較小洋流和渦流（漩渦）周圍表面海拔（高度）的細(xì)微差異，海洋的熱量和碳減少被認(rèn)為是發(fā)生在那里。（2023屆河北省張家口市高三5月三模英語試題）TheParavelAviatorGrandcombinesrecycledfabricwithrecycledmetalparts,includingzippers(拉鎖)andahandlethatcanbeusedaslongasyoudo.【分析】本句主干部分謂語動詞combine...with...,including是介詞短語作后置定語，修飾metalparts,關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞ahandle?！揪湟狻颗晾S爾飛行員混合利用了可回收的纖維織物和可回收的金屬部件，包括拉鏈（拉鎖）和一個可以使用的手柄。（2023屆黑龍江省哈爾濱市九中三模試題）Thestudy,whichinvolvedinvitinghundredsofresearcherstoreviewaneconomicspaper,isincredible【分析】本句是主從復(fù)合句。主干主語thestudyisincredible.非限制性定語從句被which引導(dǎo)，修飾主語。從句謂語involve后需跟動名詞作賓語，故invitinghundredsofresearchers...作其賓語?！揪湟狻窟@項(xiàng)研究邀請了數(shù)百名研究人員審查一篇經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)論文，令人難以置信。14.（2023屆湖南省衡陽高三聯(lián)考）Basedontheirin-orbitphysicalexaminationsanddata,expertshaveadjustedexerciseplansforthemtokeepfitnessinordertoensureasafelanding,Zhongsaid.【分析】本句是話語引述。主干部分Zhongsaid.引述的話語中，主干部分為expertshaveadjustedexerciseplans.Basedontheirin-orbitphysicalexaminationsanddata過去分詞短語作狀語，tokeepfitnessinordertoensureasafelanding均為不定式作目的狀語。【句意】鐘說，根據(jù)他們的在軌體檢和數(shù)據(jù)，專家們已經(jīng)調(diào)整了鍛煉計(jì)劃，以保持健康，以確保他們的安全著陸。15.（2023屆山東省濟(jì)南市高三三模英語試題）WalterBenjamin,theGermanphilosopher,oncenotedthatboredomwasthe‘dreambirdthathatchestheeggofexperience’.【分析】本句是復(fù)合句。主語WalterBenjamin,謂語note，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。TheGermanphilosopher充當(dāng)同位語。副詞once作狀語，賓語從句中thedreambird作表語，其后被關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾。【句意】德國哲學(xué)家沃爾特·本杰明曾指出，無聊是“孵化經(jīng)驗(yàn)之蛋的夢想之鳥”。用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.（2022年新高考I卷)AdditionallyfromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupwork

tobecompleted

inclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.【分析】本句為主從復(fù)合句。主句Iwillassigngroupwork,非謂語短語tobecompleted

inclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome充當(dāng)后置定語,Additionally為副詞作狀語,bothofwhich引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。【句意】此外，我將不時地分配小組工作在課堂上完成或短期作業(yè)在家完成，這兩者都將被評分。(2022年新高考I卷)Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.【分析】本句為并列句，由and連接。前面是therebe句型，主語為700elderlypeople,lookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾people，后半句中謂語使用被動語態(tài)?！揪湟狻楷F(xiàn)在有700名老人在東北部的20家養(yǎng)老院照顧母雞，該慈善機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)得到了財(cái)政支持，以便在全國范圍內(nèi)推廣此舉。3.（2022年新高考II卷）Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.【分析】本句為并列句，由and連接。前一句中謂語動詞為havebannedtexting,overthelastsevenyears為介詞短語作時間狀語，后句中主干部分為publicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethods，動詞不定式短語topersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphones作目的狀語，連詞when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句?！揪湟狻吭谶^去的七年里，大多數(shù)州都禁止司機(jī)發(fā)短信，公共服務(wù)運(yùn)動也嘗試了各種各樣的方法來說服人們在開車時放下手機(jī)。5.（2022年全國乙卷）Itisbelievedthattoday’schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.【分析】Itisbelievedthat...是主謂賓句子結(jié)構(gòu)。That引導(dǎo)真正的主語從句，It充當(dāng)形式主語，puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease是現(xiàn)在分詞短語充當(dāng)結(jié)果狀語?！揪湟狻看蠹叶颊J(rèn)為，如今的兒童和青少年攝入的糖分是推薦量的三倍，這使得他們患糖尿病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高。6.（2022年全國乙卷）(2022全國乙卷)Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecomeeducatedabouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandcult