2020年高考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯編：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

高考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Thetwopassengersoccupyingseatswerereportedfromtakingtrainsfor180days.A.tobebanned B.tohavebeenbannedC.beingbanned D.havingbeenbanned【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，占據(jù)座位的兩名乘客被禁止乘坐火車180天。bereportedtohavedonesth.“被報(bào)道已經(jīng)做某事”，且句子主語(yǔ)Thetwopassengers和ban之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以這里用動(dòng)詞不定式完成式的被動(dòng)式，故選B。2.ThecivilwarbrokeoutinLibya,______totheinstabilityoftheinternationaloilprice．A.tocontribute B.contributedC.havingcontributed D.contributing【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：利比亞爆發(fā)了內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，造成國(guó)際油價(jià)不穩(wěn)定。contributingtotheinstabilityoftheinternationaloilprice，現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。contributeto造成，選D。3.ItissaidtheGreatWall_______theWarringStates,is_______worthvisiting.A.datedfrom;much B.datedfrom;wellC.datingfrom;much D.datingfrom;well【答案】3.D【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和副詞。句意：據(jù)說(shuō)長(zhǎng)城始建于戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期，非常值得參觀。datefrom追溯到，用現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語(yǔ)，bewellworthdoing很值得做某事，故選D項(xiàng)。4.Thegreathallwascrowdedwithmanypeople,_____manychildren_____ontheirparents’laps.A.including;seated B.including;seatingC.included;sat D.included;sitting【答案】A【解析】考查介詞和過(guò)去分詞。句意：這個(gè)大廳擠滿了人，包括一些坐在父母腿上的小孩。include是介詞,由其領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的這個(gè)句子是做狀語(yǔ)成分之用.includingsomebody，包括某人=somebodyincluded，seated是動(dòng)詞+ed,其引導(dǎo)的"seatedontheirparents'laps"是后置定語(yǔ)的成分,表示狀態(tài)，用來(lái)修飾前面的"children"。故選A。5.Thevillageevolvedintoamajore-commercecenter,and______thepast,thevillagersowedtheirsuccesstothereformandopening-uppolicy.A.reviewed B.toreview C.reviewing D.beingreviewed【答案】C【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。句意：村莊發(fā)展成為一個(gè)重要的電子商務(wù)中心，回顧過(guò)去，村民們把他們的成功歸功于改革開(kāi)放政策。句子主語(yǔ)thevillagers和review之間是一種主動(dòng)關(guān)系，是現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故答案為C。6.________himselfwithroutinetasks,hehadnotimetoaccompanyhischildren.A.Occupying B.OccupiedC.Beingoccupied D.Tobeoccupied【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：由于忙于常規(guī)工作，他沒(méi)有時(shí)間陪伴孩子。短語(yǔ)occupyoneselfwithsth與beoccupiedwithsth都是"忙于……；從事于"之意，本題前一分句作原因狀語(yǔ)從句。若使用第一種表達(dá)方式（"他"與"從事"之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，動(dòng)詞使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式），則表達(dá)為：Occupyinghimselfwith…；若使用第二種表達(dá)方式（occupied作為形容詞"繁忙的；沒(méi)空的"，位于句首作狀語(yǔ)），則表達(dá)為：Occupiedwithroutinetasks，…綜上，結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)分析可知本題答案為A選項(xiàng)。7.PekingDuck,______asoneofthebestwaystoeatthedeliciousduck,hasearnedareputationbothathomeandabroad.A.regarded B.regardingC.beingregarded D.toberegarded【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:北京烤鴨——被認(rèn)為是最好的品嘗美味的鴨肉的方式之一——享譽(yù)國(guó)內(nèi)外。根據(jù)句意及分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,且PekingDuck與regard之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用其過(guò)去分詞在句中作后置定語(yǔ)。故選A。8.Youcanhardlyimaginethedifficultythewomanhad_____herchildren.A.boughtup B.tobringupC.bringingup D.tohavebroughtup【答案】C【解析】考查短語(yǔ)搭配。本題考查havedifficulty(in)doingsth做某事有困難。句意：你不能想象那個(gè)女士撫養(yǎng)她的孩子有多么的困難。9.ManyChineseparentsarewillingtospendmoneyoncampeducationandstudytoursfortheirchildren,______theindustryaboomingmarketwithgreatpotential.A.tomake B.making C.havingmade D.made【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：許多中國(guó)家長(zhǎng)愿意花錢為孩子們舉辦夏令營(yíng)和游學(xué)活動(dòng)，這使得該行業(yè)成為一個(gè)潛力巨大的蓬勃發(fā)展的市場(chǎng)。本句已經(jīng)存在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞且句中沒(méi)有連詞，故make只能做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞making。故選B。10.Wearepleasedtoseethesuggestion______inmanyschoolstohelpfreestudentsfromtheheavyschoolwork.A.adopted B.adoptingC.adopt D.toadopt【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我們很高興地看到被許多學(xué)校采納的這一建議，幫助學(xué)生從繁重的課業(yè)中解脫出來(lái)?！敖ㄗh”和“采納”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，故選A。11.MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmentofficials,willbeproduced________people’sconcernoverfoodsafety.A.toraise B.tohaveraisedC.raising D.havingraised【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。句意：據(jù)政府官員稱，將制作更多的電視節(jié)目來(lái)提高人們對(duì)食品安全的關(guān)注。此處是動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故答案為A。12.WithMother'sDayaroundthecorner，Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank_____________presentsformymother.A.buy B.tobuyC.buying D.havingbought【答案】B【解析】考查不定式。句意：母親節(jié)即將來(lái)臨，為了給我母親買一些禮物，我從銀行取了一些錢。表示“為了……”，作目的狀語(yǔ)，用不定式，故選B。13.______________theirfinalmedicalcheck,theastronautsboardedtheirspacecraft.A.Received B.BeingreceivedC.Toreceive D.Havingreceived【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：接受了最后的體檢后，宇航員們登上了宇宙飛船。astronauts與receive之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示主動(dòng)，而且體檢發(fā)生在登上宇宙飛船之前，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語(yǔ)，故D項(xiàng)正確。14.Hearingthenews,sherushedout,________thebook________onthetableanddisappearedintothedistance.A.left;lainopen B.left;layopenedC.leaving;lieopened D.leaving;lyingopen【答案】D【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：聽(tīng)見(jiàn)這個(gè)消息，她沖了出去，留在書(shū)本打開(kāi)著放在桌子上，就消失在遠(yuǎn)處了。第一空l(shuí)eave與she構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，使用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。第二空thebook與lie構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，還是使用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式，open是形容詞表示狀態(tài)，lyingopen是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，對(duì)thebook進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。故D選項(xiàng)正確。15.Asisoftenthecase,therearealwayssomeobstaclesintheway，something________beforewerealizetherealgoalofeducation.A.tobegotthrough B.gotthroughC.gettingthrough D.havingbeengotthrough【答案】A【解析】考查不定式作定語(yǔ)。句意：在通常情況下，總會(huì)有一些障礙擋路，在我們實(shí)現(xiàn)教育的真正目標(biāo)之前，有些事情是需要經(jīng)歷的。修飾不定代詞，通常用不定式，“有些事情”和“經(jīng)歷”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用不定式的被動(dòng)式，故選A。16."Chinesedama",agroupmainly_______ofmarriedwomenbetween40and60,_______theattentionofthepublicforthefirsttimein2019.A.consisted;grabbing B.consisting;grabbingC.consisting;grabbed D.consisted;grabbed【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意："中國(guó)大媽"，一群主要由已婚的年齡在40到60歲之間的婦女組成，在2019年第一次吸引了公眾的注意力。第一空：agroup與consist之間是主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾agroup，表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)要使用現(xiàn)在分詞，而過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)，故排除A、D項(xiàng)；第二空：句中缺少謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in2019，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，排除B項(xiàng)，故選C。17.Someofthem,______inruralvillages,hadneverseenatrain.A.tobebornandbroughtup B.bornandbroughtupC.havingbornandbroughtup D.havingbeenbornandbroughtup【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他們中的一些人，在農(nóng)村長(zhǎng)大，從來(lái)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)火車。分析句子可知，inruralvillages部分為定語(yǔ)，修飾Someofthem，與其為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式，同時(shí)也是表示一種狀態(tài)，故選B。18.Sofarnoonehasclaimedthemoney______inthelibrary.A.tobediscovered B.havingdiscovered C.discovered D.discovering【答案】.C【解析】考查過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。句意：到目前為止，還沒(méi)有人認(rèn)領(lǐng)在圖書(shū)館里發(fā)現(xiàn)的錢。此處themoney和discover之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，是過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，故答案為C。19._______economicgrowth,variousmeasuresarebeingtakentoexpanddomesticdemand.A.Havingstabilized B.StabilizingC.Stabilized D.Tostabilize【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了穩(wěn)定經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，正在采取措施擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需。此處表示目的，應(yīng)該用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故D項(xiàng)正確。20._______othercountries,Chinaisabundantinnaturalresources.A.ComparewithB.ComparingtoC.ComparingwithD.Comparedwith【答案】D【解析】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。固定句式“comparedwith/to…”意為“與…相比”，在句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)修飾整個(gè)句子。句意：與其他國(guó)家相比，中國(guó)自然資源十分豐富。故D項(xiàng)正確。二、單詞拼寫(xiě)21.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquickly________(calm)down.22.Theyarenowfacedwithsomedifficulties;thusmakerepeated______(request)forhelp.23.Whenaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidthathefounditveryinterestingand______(reward).24.Trytodescribeallthethingsinan_______(organize)way.25.Thisisanewinventionthatwillhaveawiderangeof______(apply)inindustry.26.Thetownisbanningplasticbagsinan_______(努力、試圖）tohelptheenvironment.27.Thetable-tennisteamofourschoolis_______(招收）newplayers.28.Withalltheinformation_______(可得到）,theyfoundthehotelinthemountaineasily.29.Weplantospendtheweekend_____(裝飾）.30.Fillintheformwithyourname,home_____(地址),andphonenumber.【答案】21.calmed【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我把小雞放在窩里，很快就安靜下來(lái)了。And連接兩個(gè)并列分句，前邊分句用placed一般過(guò)去時(shí)，后邊也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填calmed。22.requests【解析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。Repeated重復(fù)要求，因此“要求”用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填requests。23.rewarding【解析】考查動(dòng)詞ing形式用作形容詞。句意：當(dāng)被問(wèn)及他對(duì)教學(xué)工作的看法時(shí)，菲利普說(shuō)他覺(jué)得這很有趣，也很有價(jià)值。Rewarding用作形容詞“有價(jià)值的”，故填rewarding。24.organized/organised【解析】考查動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞。句意：試著用一種有條理的方式來(lái)描述所有的事情。organized/organised“有條理的”。故填organized/organised。25.applications【解析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。Awiderangeof“大范圍的…”of后邊用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填applications。26.attempt/effort【解析】考查名詞。努力，試圖：attempt/effort，前邊都可以用不定冠詞an，故填attempt/effort。27.admitting/recruiting【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我校乒乓球隊(duì)正在招收新學(xué)員。招收admit/recruit,Be+動(dòng)詞ing構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，故填admitting/recruiting。28.available【解析】考查形容詞。句意：有了所有的信息，他們很容易在山里找到了旅館?？傻玫降腶vailable形容詞用作后置定語(yǔ)，故填available。29.decorating【解析】考查固定搭配。Spendtime/moneydoingsomething花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢做某事，故填decorating。30.address【解析】考查名詞。句意：填寫(xiě)你的姓名，家庭住址和電話號(hào)碼。住址address，故填address。三、完成句子31.Butsomestudentsdidn’twant__________(wear)theuniform.32.Whenthechildrenarewalkingor__________(cycle)toschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscaneasilyseethem.33.Onestudyshowedthatwomenwhodrankalotofcoffee,likeeightormorecupsperday,whiletheywerepregnantweremorelikely__________(have)childrenwithbirthdefects.34.Largeramountsofcaffeinecancauseaproblem__________(call)caffeinism.35.Istillremember__________(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshockedwhenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.36.Itisfarbetterthananyothermethodbecauseyouimproveyourvocabularywhile__________(read)aninterestingpieceofliterature.37.Anothernicethingisthatyoulearnbothnewwordsandtheiruseunconsciously,meaningthatyouwilltendtousethewords__________(learn)thiswayinconversationsalmostautomatically.38.Sixteenyearsearlier,Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondring__________(cook)ameal.39.Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive__________(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.40.Scientistshaverespondedby__________(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯(cuò)覺(jué))thatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.41.A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for__________(be)Britain’soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.42.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans__________(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.43.Whenwegotacall__________(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.44.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,__________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.45.Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong__________(see)thebenefit.46.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof__________(die)earlybyrunning.47.Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice__________(improve)waterquality.48.China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile__________(feed)itscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.49.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid__________(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeel__________(challenge).50.Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme__________(stay)andwatch.【答案】31.towear【解析】考查固定用法。句意：但是，有一些學(xué)生不想穿學(xué)生服。wanttodosth想要做某事，這是want的固定用法。故填towear。32.cycling【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)孩子們?cè)诤诎档脑绯坎叫谢蝌T車上學(xué)時(shí)，汽車司機(jī)很容易看到它們。or連接兩個(gè)并列成分，根據(jù)or前的walking可知，此處要用cycling。故填cycling。33.tohave【解析】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。此處指每天喝大量咖啡的婦女，懷孕時(shí)孩子很可能會(huì)先天畸形。表示“可能做某事”是belikelytodosth.，用動(dòng)詞不定式，故填tohave。34.called【解析】考查過(guò)去分詞。句中problem和動(dòng)詞call是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，指這種問(wèn)題被叫做caffeinism。此處用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，作problem的定語(yǔ)，故填called。35.visiting【解析】考查動(dòng)詞形式。句意：我還記得探望那個(gè)在這里住了五年的朋友，當(dāng)我得知她從來(lái)沒(méi)有做過(guò)一次飯時(shí)，我很震驚。表示記得做過(guò)某事用rememberdoingsth.，故填visiting。36.reading【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：它比任何其他方法都要好，因?yàn)槟阍陂喿x一篇有趣的文學(xué)作品的同時(shí)提高了你的詞匯。邏輯主語(yǔ)you與動(dòng)詞read為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞reading作狀語(yǔ)；也可視為狀語(yǔ)從句whileyouarereading...的省略形式。故填reading。37.learnt/learned【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：另一件好事是你無(wú)意識(shí)地學(xué)會(huì)了生詞和它們的用法，這意味著你會(huì)傾向于用學(xué)到的詞，這幾乎是對(duì)話中自動(dòng)使用的方式。learned/learnt作后置定語(yǔ)修飾words，表示“已學(xué)過(guò)的詞”，words與learn是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，因此用過(guò)去分詞。故填learned/learnt。38.tocook【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：16年前，Pahlsson把鉆石戒指摘掉去做飯。這里用不定式表目的，故填tocook。39.toperform【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：跟蹤北極熊數(shù)量的現(xiàn)代方法只是從二十世紀(jì)八十年代