轉(zhuǎn)基因食品英文課件

EnglishPPTcoursewareforgeneticallymodifiedfoIntroductionAdvantagesofGeneticallyModifiedFoodsDisadvantagesofGeneticallyModifiedFoodsGlobalViewsonGeneticallyModifiedFoodsFutureDevelopmentsinGeneticallyModifiedFoods01Introduction單擊此處添加正文，文字是您思想的提一一二三四五六七八九一二三四五六七八九一二三四五六七八九文，單擊此處添加正文，文字是您思想的提煉，為了最終呈現(xiàn)發(fā)布的良好效果單擊此4*25}GMfoodsareproducedtoenhancedesiredtraitssuchasdiseaseresistance,tolerancetoenvironmentalstress,andincreasingnutritionalvalueGMFoodsarealsoknownastransgenicfoodsbecausetheycontainDNAfromanotherorganizationthathasbeenartificiallyinsertedintotheirgenomeDefinitionofGeneticallyModifiedFood(GMF)1980sFirstGMcrashesweredevelopedbyMonsantoandintroducedintothemarket2000sGMfoodsweremorevaluableintheglobalfoodsupply,withmanycountriesapprovingtheirproductionandconsumption2010sPublicawarenessandconcernsaboutthesafetyandenvironmentalimpactofGMfoodshaveincreased,leadingtomoreregulationsandlabelingrequirements1990sGMcottonandsoybeanswerewidelyadoptedbyfarmersintheUnitedStatesHistoryofGMFDevelopmentMainPurposesofGMFIncreaseproductionefficiencyByenhancingdesiredtraits,GMcropscanincreaseyieldandreducetheneedforpestsandfertilizersImprovenutritionalvalueGMtechnologiescanbeusedtocreatecropswithhigherlevelsofessentialnutrientssuchasvitaminsandmineralsAddressfoodsecurityByincreasingproductionandimprovingresistancetoenvironmentalstress,GMfoodcancontributetoglobalfoodsecurityDevelopnewmedicalapplicationsGMfoodscanbeusedintheproductionofthermalproductsorasvectorsforgenetherapy02AdvantagesofGeneticallyModifiedFoodsWiththehelpofgeneticmodification,cropscanbedesignedtobemoreresilientandproductive,increasingtheoverallfoodsupplyGeneticallymodifiedcrashescanbemoreresistanttodiseasesandpests,reducingtheneedforchemicalpestsandincreasingyieldsBymodifyingtheplant'sDNA,farmerscangrowcropsthatarebettersuitedtospecificenvironments,suchasdesertsorhighaltitudes,wheretraditionalcropsmaynotdriveIncrementedFoodProductionGeneticallymodifiedfoodscanbedesignedtohavehigherlevelsofessentialnutrients,suchasvitaminsandminerals,makingthemmorenutritiousforconsumersByintroducinggenesfromotherorganizations,itispossibletocreatenewproteinsorenzymesthatcanenhancethefood'snutritionalprofile,providingadditionalhealthbenefitsEnhancedNutritionalValueGeneticmodificationhasenabledthecreationofnewtypesofcropsthatmaynotbepossiblethroughtraditionalbreedingmethodsThesenewcropscanhaveuniqueproperties,suchasbeingmoreflamboyant,longerlasting,orhavingdifferenttextures,providingmorediversityandchoiceforconsumersCreationofNewCropsGeneticallymodifiedcrashescanbedesignedtobemoreresistanttodiseasesandpests,reducingtheneedforchemicalpestsThiscansignificantlylowertheamountofpestsappliedtocrops,reducingenvironmentalpollutionandpotentialhealthrisksassociatedwiththesechemicalsReducedUseofChemicalPesticides03DisadvantagesofGeneticallyModifiedFoodsIncreaseinherbicideuseGeneticallymodifiedcrashesareoftendesignedtoberesistanttoherbicides,leadingtoanincreaseintheuseofthesechemicalsandpotentialenvironmentaldamageSpreadofmodifiedgenesThespreadofmodifiedgenesfromGMcropstowildrelativescandisruptnaturalecosystemsandleadtothecreationof"superweds"thatareresistanttoheroicsReductioninbiodiversityThewidespreadplanningofGMcropscanleadtoareductioninbiodiversityandthelossofnativeplantspecificationsImpactonEnvironmentAllergicreactions01SomepeoplemaydevelopAllergicreactionstoGMfoods,specificallyiftheycontainproteinsfromGMcropsUnpredictableeffects02ThelongtermeffectsofGMfoodsonhumanhealthareunknownbecausetheyhavenotbeenextensivelystudiedImpactongutmicrobiota03SomestudieshaveshownthatGMfoodscanaffectthebalanceofgutmicrobiotaandmayleadtodigestiveproblemsorotherhealthissuesImpactonHumanHealthLakeofTransparencyandLabelingInformationaboutGMfoodsprovidedbydifferentsourcesisoftenconflictingandfusing,leavingconsumersuncertainaboutwhattobelieveConfusinginformationManyGMfoodsarenotlabeledassuch,makingitdifficultforconsumerstoidentifythemandmakeinformedchoicesLakeoflabelingTheproductionanddistributionofGMfoodoftenlaketransparency,makingitdifficulttotracetheiroriginandassesstheirsafetyLimitedtransparency04GlobalViewsonGeneticallyModifiedFoodsSupportingCountiesTheUnitedStatesisoneofthecountriesthatsupportstheuseofGMfoodsTheUSFDAhasapprovedanumberofGMfoodsforsalesandconsumption,andmanyUSfarmershaveadoptedGMcropstoincreaseproductionandreducecostsUSACanadaalsosupportstheuseofGMfoodsandhasapprovedthesalesandconsumptionofseveralGMfoodsTheCanadiangovernmenthasinvestedinresearchanddevelopmentofGMcrops,aimingtoimprovefoodsecurityandreduceenvironmentalimpactCanadaManyEuropeancountrieshaveexpressedskipticismrewardsGMfoodsTheEUhasadoptedarigorousapprovalprocessforGMfoods,andonlyafewproductshavebeenapprovedforsalesandconsumptioninEuropeEuropeJapanhasalsobeencarefulabouttheuseofGMfoodsTheJapanesegovernmenthasapprovedthesaleandconsultationofsomeGMfoods,buthasalsorequiredlabelingtoallowconsumerstochoosewhichtoeatGMproductsornotJapanSkepticalCountiesVSBrazilisamajorproductofGMcrops,butitstitlerewardsGMfoodisneutralThegovernmenthasapprovedthesaleandconsultationofsomeGMfoods,buthasalsorequiredlabelingtoinformconsumersSouthAfricaSouthAfricahasamixedattributerewardsGMfoodsWhilesomeSouthAfricanfarmershaveadoptedGMcrops,thegovernmenthasnotyetapprovedthesalesandconsumptionofGMfoodsforhumanconsumptionBrazilNeutralCounties05FutureDevelopmentsinGeneticallyModifiedFoodsCRISPRCas9Ageneeditingtoolthatallowsforprecisionmodificationsofthegenome,makingitpossibletointroducespecifictraitsintoplantsandanimalsGenomeEditingTheabilitytomodifytheDNAoflivingorganismstointroducebeneficialtraitsorcorrectgeneticdefectsThistechnologyhasthepotentialtorevolutionizetheproductionofGMfoodsSyntheticBiologyTheapplicationofengineeringprinciplestothedesignandconstructionofnewbiologicalparts,devices,andsystemsItcouldleadtothecreationofnewGMfoodswithimprovedpropertiesNewTechnologiesinGeneticEngineeringImprovedSafetyAssessmentsThedevelopmentofmoreaccurateandcomprehensivemethodsforassessingthesafetyofGMfoods,includingtheirpotentialimpactonhumanhealthandtheenvironmentEnhancedLabelingandTraceabilityImplementinglabelingrequirementsthatclearlyindicatethepresenceofGMingredientsinfoodproductsandestablishingtraceabilitysystemstotrackthedistributionofGMfoodsIncremen